Pump-Up• What factors caused the U.S. to abandon

neutrality and enter WWI?

America in WWI

Today’s Vocabulary • War Industries Board

– Told manufactures what they could produce during WWI.

• Schench vs. U.S.– Proved that freedom of speech can be limited

during times of war.

Raising an Army • Selective Service Act

– Men between 21 and 30 must register.

– Lottery determined who went to war.

• African American Soldiers – Fought in segregated

units.– Most work as laborers.

Doughboys arrive in Europe

• American Expeditionary Forces (AEF).– Led by General John J.

Pershing.

• Doughboys– Boosted the morale of

Allied forces.

• Convoy system– Transportation ships were

surrounded by battle ships for protection.

Bolshevik Revolution

• Bolsheviks took control of Russia’s gov’t.– Communists

• Vladimir Lenin withdrew the Russian army from the Eastern Front.– Germany was free to focus

on fighting in France.

Liberty Bonds• Liberty or Victory Bonds

– Help pay for war.– Raised money for the war

without taxing citizens.

War Industries Board

• Bernard Baruch

• Told manufacturers what they could produce and how much it would cost. – Increased industrial production.– Remaining goods could be used

by civilians.

Food Administration• Led by Herbert Hoover.

• Increased crop production and to conserved existing food supplies for the military.

• “Victory Gardens”• “Meatless Mondays”• “Wheatless Wednesdays”

• 18th Amendment– Use wheat to feed troops rather

than in alcohol.

Fuel Administration

• Made sure that the military’s needs for fuel could always be met.– “Heatless Mondays”

• Daylight Savings Time.

National War Labor Board

• Long working hours led to increased union membership and more strikes.

• Board settled disputes between workers and management.– Established 8 hour

workday and promoted equal pay for women.

Women in the War

• Took on jobs traditionally held by men.– Noncombat military positions.

• After war ended, most women left new jobs.

• 19th Amendment.

Committee on Public Information

• George Creel

• Propaganda – Influenced people’s opinions by

appealing to their sense of patriotism, fear, or sympathy.

– Meant to encourage Americans to support the war.

American Propaganda

American Propaganda

German Propaganda

Limiting Speech• Espionage Act

– Made it illegal to help the enemy or refusing military duty.

• Sedition Act– Made it illegal to criticize the

gov’t, the flag, or the military.

• Schenck v. United States– Limits can be placed on freedom

of speech during war to ensure the country’s safety.

Classwork• Today you will create your own WWI propaganda

poster. – Remember that propaganda should appeal to your

sense of patriotism, fear, or sympathy.

• Then pretend that you live during WWI and are writing a letter to your “sweet heart” during the war.– Women: write to your husbands, sons, brothers fighting

over seas, tell them what is happening in America during this time.

– Men: write to your wives, daughters, sisters back in American and tell them how fighting in Europe is during WWI.

Reflection

• Explain what the American gov’t does at home to help win the war.