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The tri-monthly newsletter of the European Society
of Clinical Pharmacy News ESC
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Publish or perish? ESCP, academia and publishingPublish or perish? ESCP, academia and publishingPublish or perish? ESCP, academia and publishingPublish or perish? ESCP, academia and publishing
ContentsContentsContentsContents : A Few words 1 ESCP life 2 Articles & Reports 3 ESCP Conferences 7 Announcements 8
Successful scientific research builds upon work that has already been done. But how can you know what has already been achieved in a certain field? Luckily, our peers seem to publish their studies in a rather limited number of scientific journals. The focus of the ESCP members is primar-ily clinical pharmacy, clinical pharmacology, drug use and pharmacy practice. There are not many journals serving this community. The International Journal of Clinical Phar-macy (IJCP) is one of a handful of journals that really focuses on these topics. Within a scientific society like the ESCP, it is important that its members exchange their work, and to enable this, the ESCP has affiliated itself with the scientific journal, Pharmacy World and Science (PWS).
Which journal? Oh, yes, sorry, the Interna-tional Journal of Clinical Pharmacy. As of January 2011, the title of the journal, pub-lished by Springer Science and Business Media, changed (see article page 6).
For the exchange of scientific information it is essential that the authors of papers (in the European meaning of articles) adhere to a format that can be easily identified with by the reader. The structure of papers in clinical pharmacy respond to a typical model, often abbreviated as IMRUD. The different elements can be described as follows:
Introduction: stating what is already known about the topic, what the new research is going to add and the research question, often translated into the aims and objec-tives of the study.
Method: how the authors tried to find the answer to their research question(s). Results: what happened exactly when we applied the method, what did we find; the ‘dry’ results
Discussion: putting the results in the per-spective of previous and future studies, discussing potential biases, discussing if the method has led to results that are valid
Conclusion: the final conclusion of the study (usually one sentence is enough). Paper is nearly a thing of the past. Online communication allows for the IJCP to be coordinated by an Editorial team based in the Netherlands, editing and typesetting is carried out elsewhere in the world before being loaded up onto an online platform. All communication, from submission to the final publishing takes place online.
To make articles easily traceable on the web, they all have a unique Digital Object Identifier (DOI®) number. The DOI® System is for identifying content objects in the digital environment. DOI® names are as-signed to any entity for use on digital net-works. They provide current information, including where they (or information about them) can be found on the Internet.
For our research community, PubMed/Medline (US National Library of Medicine) provides an online searchable database which covers a vast array of articles and abstracts.
Like most major journals, IJCP is indexed by PubMed, and also by International Phar-maceutical Abstracts (IPA), Science Cita-tion Index, Scopus, Google Scholar and many other indexing services. Once you have identified an interesting paper, you can hyperlink directly to the full-text of the article itself, sometimes for a fee. Getting PublishedGetting PublishedGetting PublishedGetting Published How hard is it then to get your article ac-cepted in a recognized international jour-nal? Not difficult at all, provided that your research has been carried out thoroughly, and you adhere to their instructions for authors and to their variation of the IMRUD format.
Journals also require, of course, that you write your article in grammatically correct and understandable scientific English. Why does IJCP have rejections then? Rea-sons could include:
The topic of the article being outside the scope of the journal (e.g a pharmacology article submitted to our patient orientated journal)
The grammar of the article being poor; judging by many articles IJCP receives, there are a thousand different types of English, including Spanglais, Malanglais and Franglais, with man newly invented words. However, there is only one type of English recognized as grammatically cor-rect. American English can be acceptable too, depending on the journal. Incorrect type of statistics used, and no attention paid to skewed results.
Supporting your submissionSupporting your submissionSupporting your submissionSupporting your submission ESCP supports upcoming authors of arti-cles and posters by providing workshops on how to write scientific articles or ab-stracts. Participants can learn how to logi-cally format an article or abstract based on the rules of ESCP and the IJCP.
An increasing number of articles in the IJCP are now published under the Open Choice option, whereby the author (or his/her institution) pays a fee for the article to be published Open Access and whereby the author retains the copyright.
This is an interesting development, open-ing up IJCP con-tent to more and more readers and researchers. But the members of ESCP should not be too concerned since they all have complimen-tary access to the journal. Just find the appropriate link on the ESCP website!
Foppe van MilFoppe van MilFoppe van MilFoppe van Mil Editor-in-chief
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy [email protected]
E u r o p e a n S o c i e t y o f C l i n i c a l P h a r m a c y The overall aim of the Society is to develop and promote the rational and appropriate use of medicines by the individual and by The overall aim of the Society is to develop and promote the rational and appropriate use of medicines by the individual and by The overall aim of the Society is to develop and promote the rational and appropriate use of medicines by the individual and by The overall aim of the Society is to develop and promote the rational and appropriate use of medicines by the individual and by society.society.society.society.
SIG Cancer Care SIG Cancer Care SIG Cancer Care SIG Cancer Care ————————————————————————————————————————-------- Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: oncology pharmacy practices, supportive care. Leader: Mikael Daou-phars Email: mikael.daou-phars @rouen.fnclcc.fr
SIG Education & Training SIG Education & Training SIG Education & Training SIG Education & Training ————————————————————————
Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: education and development of clinical pharmacists who deliver pharma-ceutical care to indivi-dual patients, patient centred-teaching
Leader: Moira Kinnear Email: [email protected] SIG Geriatrics SIG Geriatrics SIG Geriatrics SIG Geriatrics ————————————————————————————————————————————————---- Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: knowledge and expertise on pharmaceutical care in elderly patients (drug-drug interac-tions, dosage adjust-ments…) Leader: Louise Mallet Email: louise.mallet @umontreal.ca
SIG Pharmacoepidemiology SIG Pharmacoepidemiology SIG Pharmacoepidemiology SIG Pharmacoepidemiology ———————————————— Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: use and effects of drugs on populations, drug safety Leader: to be elected
SIG Medicine Information SIG Medicine Information SIG Medicine Information SIG Medicine Information ————————————————————----
Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: evidence-based medicine, drug databases and ac-cess to information on medications
Leader: Yolande Hanssens
Email: yhanssens@ hmc.org.qa
SIG Nutritional Support SIG Nutritional Support SIG Nutritional Support SIG Nutritional Support ————————————————————————----
Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: under nutrition, enteral & parenteral nutri-tion, compounding research
Leader: Maria Skouroliakou
Email: [email protected]
SIG Pharmacoeconomics SIG Pharmacoeconomics SIG Pharmacoeconomics SIG Pharmacoeconomics ————————————————————----
Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: health economics (e.g. cost-effectiveness studies, access to expensive drugs within Europe)
Leader: Benoît Allenet & Steven Simoens
Email: [email protected] [email protected]
SIG Pharmacokinetics SIG Pharmacokinetics SIG Pharmacokinetics SIG Pharmacokinetics ———————————————————————————— Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: Knowledge and expertise on phar-macokinetics and pharmacodynamics Leader: Dolores Soy Email: [email protected]
SIG Primary Integrated Care SIG Primary Integrated Care SIG Primary Integrated Care SIG Primary Integrated Care ————————————––––
Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: Pharma-ceutical care services within the primary care setting
Leader: Anne Gilchrist
Email: anne.gilchrist@ nhslothian.scot.nhs.uk
SIG Infectious Diseases SIG Infectious Diseases SIG Infectious Diseases SIG Infectious Diseases ————————————————————–––– Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: drug utilization on anti-infectives, surveillance of resistance and hospital infections, infection control, inter-vention programmes, formulary decisions on anti-infectives, implementation of guide-lines, patient information on anti-infectives. Leader: to be elected Email: [email protected] SIG Paediatrics SIG Paediatrics SIG Paediatrics SIG Paediatrics ————————————————————————————————————————————---- Main areaMain areaMain areaMain area: children access to new medica-tions, dosage adjustments development of new presentations Leader: to be elected
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ESCP Special Interest Groups: network at your hand!ESCP Special Interest Groups: network at your hand!ESCP Special Interest Groups: network at your hand!ESCP Special Interest Groups: network at your hand!
Special interest groups (SIGs) have existed within ESCP for a long time in order to network members who share specific topics of interest. All the SIGs are grouped into the SIG council ; the leader is Mikael Daouphars. Each SIG is organized with a leader and eventually a board, and members who are able to share knowledge and experience with colleagues in their area, directly or within the dedicated SIG section on ESCP website.
Each SIG is also dedicated to facilitate education by proposing workshops and master classes for ESCP spring and annual conferences. Participation to SIGs is free (although reserved to ESCP members). Do not hesitate to contact any of the following SIG leaders and join us!
Mikael DaoupharsMikael DaoupharsMikael DaoupharsMikael Daouphars Chair of the SIG council
The members of the General Committee of ESCP are elected for 4 years and the term in office can be extended by the General Assembly for another 2 years.
In October 2011, at the next General As-sembly during the Annual Symposium in Dublin, Ireland, Marie-Caroline Husson, representing France, and Johnny Beney, representing Switzerland, will complete their term of office on the GC of the ESCP and are not eligible for re-election. The voting members from France and Switzer-land have been invited to nominate a can-didate for their country.
The position of representative is open to any member living in France or Switzer-land, who wishes to be nominated.
The nominee must have been a member of the ESCP for at least the past three years. Each member can propose him- or herself as a candidate or nominate another mem-ber, given that the nominated candidate is in agreement. The signatures of three other voting members from France or Switzerland must support the nomination. A supporting member can only support one nominee. The term of office for GC mem-bers is four years, with the option of a fur-ther two years. Nominations, with a brief professional resume, have been received by the ESCP International Office.
From Switzerland From Switzerland From Switzerland From Switzerland the Office received one nomination: Markus Lampert. As the next representative for Switzerland in the GC,
he will be introduced in the next News-letter.
From France From France From France From France there are two candidates: Olivier Bourdon and Vincent Launay-Vacher. When more than one nomination is received by the International Office, a postal vote will take place. Every ESCP-member in France will get a ballot paper by e-mail on the 1st of July, the votes have to be received by the International Office on July 14th by the latest. ESCP members in France are those that are registered in the ESCP database as such and of which ESCP has received the payment of their membership-fee for 2011 not later than June 30, 2011, and who have their mail address in France.
ESCP call for nominations GC member for France & SwitzerlandESCP call for nominations GC member for France & SwitzerlandESCP call for nominations GC member for France & SwitzerlandESCP call for nominations GC member for France & Switzerland
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Plenary sessionsPlenary sessionsPlenary sessionsPlenary sessions
1. Appropriateness of prescribing in 1. Appropriateness of prescribing in 1. Appropriateness of prescribing in 1. Appropriateness of prescribing in older patients: Which tools should older patients: Which tools should older patients: Which tools should older patients: Which tools should be used? be used? be used? be used?
Anne Spinewine, Uni-versité Catholique de Louvain, Belgium Louvain Drug Research Institute and CHU Mont-Godinne
Mrs. Spinewine first defined what is appro-priate prescribing. She then presented the different categories of inappropriate pres-cribing. The main characteristics of the different instruments to evaluate the ap-propriateness of prescribing were descri-bed such as explicit, implicit instruments and process, outcome measures. She described the pros and cons of each tool with a link to recent published data in the literature. In conclusion, there is no ideal measure. Mrs Spinewine encourages the use of instruments, which address several dimensions of appropriateness. 2. Specific needs for research in 2. Specific needs for research in 2. Specific needs for research in 2. Specific needs for research in geriatrics geriatrics geriatrics geriatrics Paul Jansen, Geriatrician Clinical Pharma-cologist, Department of Geriatrics and Expertise Centre Pharmacotherapy in Old persons, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands Prof. Jansen illustrated the rise of mean life expectancy throughout the centuries and the reasons for this rise such as hygiene, food, exercise and health care. According to Professor Jansen the needs for research of medicines in geriatrics are the following: Appropriateness of existing medicines; Improvement of adherence; Prevention of adverse events; Improvement of under treat-ment; Clinical relevant interactions; Ap-propriateness of dose (PK/PD); Best ways of pharmacommunication; Appro-priateness of new medicines and Effec-tive education in gerontopharmacology. Prof. Jansen mentioned that there is much to improve in gerontopharmacolocy and that more and more elderly patient are waiting for our answers.
3. Frailty in the elderly 3. Frailty in the elderly 3. Frailty in the elderly 3. Frailty in the elderly Andrea B. Maier, Department of Gerontolo-gy and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medi-cal Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Dr. Maier described the ageing process which is associated an accumula-tion of damage driven age-related pathologies which are often described as the “geriatric giants” such as cognitive impairment, depression, sensory loss, mobility impairment and falls, and urinary incontinence.
The aging process is also associated with comorbidities. Frailty is not well defined; Rockwood and Fried have proposed two different definitions of frailty. In Rock-wood’s definition, the patient should have two items of the following: cognitive de-cline, disabilities in activities of daily living or urinary incontinence.
Fried proposed three items of the follo-wing: exhaustion, weight loss, low physical activity, low handgrip strength and gait velocity less than 1.0 m/s. Muscle streng-th and cognition appear to be essential component of frailty according to recent studies. Studies on family histories reveal that genetic components are important factors for vitality. 4. Update on dementia in the elderly 4. Update on dementia in the elderly 4. Update on dementia in the elderly 4. Update on dementia in the elderly Rob van Marum, Geriatrician, clinical phar-macologist, Jeroen Bosch Hospital
Prof. van Marum presented the DSM IV criteria for the diagnosis of dementia and the differential diagnosis of the different types of dementia. The decreased in choli-nergic activity was presented in relation with the use of cholinesterase inhibitors. A review of the current treatments with done-pezil, rivastigmine, galantamine and me-mantine was presented.
Prof. van Marum presented new agents that are in the pipeline for the treatment of dementia.
He mentioned that no major breakthrough in Alzheimer treatment could be expected on the market in the next 4 years. The effects of new agents in phase II do not indicate that near future therapies will have substantially larger effects on symp-toms than current therapies. In order to get a breakthrough, pathophysiology of de-mentias must be further elucidated. We should be careful in blindly adopting the amyloid theory as the primary target for drug therapy.
WorkshopsWorkshopsWorkshopsWorkshops Seven workshops were held during the ESCP International workshop on geria-trics. A summary of these workshops is presented. Workshop 1 Workshop 1 Workshop 1 Workshop 1 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————-------- Medication review in the elderly: A Medication review in the elderly: A Medication review in the elderly: A Medication review in the elderly: A personalized medication reviewpersonalized medication reviewpersonalized medication reviewpersonalized medication review Annemie Somers, Belgium
SummarySummarySummarySummary: The goal of this workshop was to gain ex-perience in performing medication review for geriatric patients. A total of 33 persons participated to the workshop (two identical sessions); the participants had different backgrounds and levels of experience in medication review. In the introduction, a brief presentation of the different aspects of medication review was given, and then the workshop started with discussion of the necessary informa-tion for medication review and possible working methods, by using a practice example. After the lunch, the workshop was continued with two case discussions in small groups, covering different pharma-cological classes and different settings (ambulatory care and hospital). In the plenary discussion, each drug was assessed to establish whether it should be continued, adapted, stopped or switched to another drug, in function of the patients’ profile (e.g. medical history or decreased renal function). Furthermore, we had pharmacothera-py discussions in small groups, on the topic of selection of drugs to be used in the elderly (cardiovascular drugs and drugs for diabetes type II). This discussion taught us that the recom-mended drug classes were quite com-mon, but the proposed drugs varied a lot between the different European countries. The workshop ended by a medication review quiz with ten pa-tient cases, and the participants were asked to search individually for the drug related problem in each case. When summarizing the answers, it was clear that it is worth performing medi-cation review in a systematic way, namely by looking for under treatment, contra-indications, adverse drug reac-tions, dosage adaptation and drug-drug interactions. …/...
Dear colleagues of Clinical PharmacyDear colleagues of Clinical PharmacyDear colleagues of Clinical PharmacyDear colleagues of Clinical Pharmacy.
I have just attended a splendid ESCP workshop on Geriatrics. About 110 participants were pre-sent from different countries. It is not often that the audience sits and listen intensively to 45 minutes lectures and there are more questions afterwards than there is time for. The individual workshops were mostly well attended. And from what I could hear during coffee breaks, they were all of a high quality. Also the poster exhibition was interesting with a lot of young pharma-cists showing their research in the clinical pharmacy field. Thank you Scientific Committee, thank you Organizing Committee, thank you workshop leaders and poster presenters!
Cecilia BernstenCecilia BernstenCecilia BernstenCecilia Bernsten ESCP President—[email protected]
ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5----6, 6, 6, 6,
Reports from the symposium Reports from the symposium Reports from the symposium Reports from the symposium
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Moreover, for each drug, the duration of therapy should be questioned (is there still an indication?) and it should be questio-ned if the drug prescribed is the best choice for our geriatric patient. Since more than one drug related problem was possi-ble for each case, all participants were considered to be the quiz winners and received Belgian chocolates.
Workshop 2 Workshop 2 Workshop 2 Workshop 2 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————-------- When falls become a problem the When falls become a problem the When falls become a problem the When falls become a problem the elderlyelderlyelderlyelderly Marcel Bouvy, Netherlands. Tischa J.M. van der Cammen, Netherlands
SummarySummarySummarySummary: With the aging population, re-current falls among the elderly is a serious and increasing public health issue. One out of three people over 65 years of age and half of people aged over 80 falls at least once a year. Prevention and reduction of falls through interventions on proven risk factors is required. Several drug categories that increase fall-risk in the elderly have been identified. In the workshop, these drugs also called Fall Risk Increasing Drugs or FRID's, including psychotropic drugs (e.g. benzodiazepines and anti-epileptics) and cardiovascular drugs (e.g. antihypertensives and vasodila-tors) were discussed. Case studies were used in sub groups and were presented in a plenary session. Stu-dies were discussed that have shown that a reduction in the use of FRID's through medication review effectively reduces the fall rate among older people (without ad-verse effects on quality of life). The work-shop had 15 participants divided over 2 sessions.
Workshop 3 Workshop 3 Workshop 3 Workshop 3 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————-------- Practical approach: Comparison of Practical approach: Comparison of Practical approach: Comparison of Practical approach: Comparison of different tools using case studies different tools using case studies different tools using case studies different tools using case studies Ulrika Gillespie, Sweden
SummarySummarySummarySummary: The aim of this workshop was to gain experience in using tools to assess quality of prescribing for elderly patients. The two tools used were the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) and STOPP/START. The aim was also to discuss and reflect on differences and similarities bet-ween the tools. Which criteria are the most clinically relevant? Are the tools practical to apply? Do we agree with the scoring sys-tem in the MAI? How well does STOPP/START perform in different European coun-tries with different prescribing patterns? In total there were 25 participants divided between the two sessions. The participants had different backgrounds and while some were experts in using these particular tools, some had never used them. The first hour was spent briefly introducing the tools and presenting results from a Swedish randomized controlled trial where the tools had been applied retrospectively to mea-sure the effect of the (pharmacist) inter
vention on quality of prescribing. The corre-lation between high scores (indicating inappropriate prescribing) and a higher risk of hospitalisation was shown to be present for both tools. During this first hour of the workshop the participants were very active and contributed to very interesting discus-sions.
The two following hours the participants tried using the tools on two patient cases. They were divided into groups and received manuals and some instructions. One of the cases was relatively easy and straightfor-ward while the other case was quite diffi-cult. Both cases were real cases from a newly started Medication Review Clinic in Uppsala. After approximately 30 minutes working on their own with each case we reassembled to go through the case in the big group. The challenging case illustrated how difficult it is to reach agreement using the MAI. The participants had many, very different viewpoints and opinions on the appropriateness of each drug and the resulting score was 54 points for MAI (56 on the second day), which is extremely high. While it was clear to all participants that the patient’s prescribed drugs were inappropriate in many aspects, no points were assigned using STOPP/START. This case illustrated the big difference between the two tools in their ability to identify inap-propriate prescribing. While STOPP/START is quick and easy to use, it is sometimes too specific and a lot of important aspects are missed. MAI on the other hand is very time consuming and a subject to interpre-tation, opinion and experience of the user. Overall, the workshops with the small num-ber of participants were great for both specific and general discussions about appropriateness of prescribing in elderly patients. The most valuable fact was that all participants were very active in sharing their experiences and thoughts.
Workshop 4 Workshop 4 Workshop 4 Workshop 4 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— How to manage pain in older pa-How to manage pain in older pa-How to manage pain in older pa-How to manage pain in older pa-tient?tient?tient?tient? Olivia Dalleur, Belgium
SummarySummarySummarySummary: Approximately 15 participants attended the workshop each day. Participants were divided into small groups to brainstorm about pain management of case studies. This was followed by a general exchange of ideas and experiences. The main objectives of the workshop were the following:
To give an overview of the difference in pain perception and pain management between adults and older patients; To raise awareness in the participants of the risk of under-treatment of pain in elder-ly and in patients with cognitive decline in particular; To familiarise participants with the various pharmacological treatment options for pain management in older patients; To exchange ideas and expertise on pain management in older patients.
Workshop 5 Workshop 5 Workshop 5 Workshop 5 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————-------- How to manage common dermato-How to manage common dermato-How to manage common dermato-How to manage common dermato-logical problems in the elderlylogical problems in the elderlylogical problems in the elderlylogical problems in the elderly Hannelore Kreckel, Germany
SummarySummarySummarySummary: The total number of participants for the workshop was low with three participants in two days. The workshop was divided into a presentation on the topic. Then partici-pants had the opportunity to smell and test different pharmaceutical preparations like cream, paste, ointment etc. Afterward we worked on four different patient cases to train pharmacists to identify specific der-matologic problems while treating elderly patient, to choose the appropriate pharma-ceutical preparation and to keep patients’ self-treatment options in mind.
Workshop 6 Workshop 6 Workshop 6 Workshop 6 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— How to assess renal function in the How to assess renal function in the How to assess renal function in the How to assess renal function in the elderly? Which formula to use?elderly? Which formula to use?elderly? Which formula to use?elderly? Which formula to use? Vincent Launay-Vacher, France.
SummarySummarySummarySummary: Renal dysfunction and chronic kidney di-sease have been reported to be highly frequent in the general population in Uni-ted States where 13% of the subjects in the NHANES study present with chronic kidney disease. In some populations, such as solid tumour patients, HIV infection, diabetics or hypertensive, the prevalence is even more significant, renal dysfunction being linked to either the disease itself or its treatments.
In addition, renal insufficiency and/or an inappropriate dosage adjustment of drugs have been linked to increased mortality, especially in HIV and Cancer. With ageing kidney progressively losing its filtration capacities, the prevalence of renal insufficiency is expected to be higher in the elderly. However, all elderly patients do not present with decreased renal function, and a number have normal or close-to-normal renal function. A proper and reliable eva-luation of renal function is thus crucial in clinical practice, given that it is not possible to actually measure the renal function routinely. There are several formulae to estimate renal function. In the elderly, it is not always clear which formula should be used, and what are there limitations are. …/...
ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5----6, 6, 6, 6,
Reports from the symposium Reports from the symposium Reports from the symposium Reports from the symposium
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ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, ESCP International Symposium in Geriatrics, Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5Utrecht, The Netherlands, May 5----6, 6, 6, 6,
Reports from the symposium Reports from the symposium Reports from the symposium Reports from the symposium During this workshop, participants from several countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, Roma-nia, and Switzerland) shared their kno-wledge and views on 5 clinical cases from real life. The two 3-hour sessions, establis-hed that: To date, none of the formulae is ideal in the elderly. According to available data to date, the aMDRD formula (4-variables MDRD formu-la, or simplified MDRD formula) should be used in the elderly, including the old-elderly and in the obese and overweight. In those patients, Cockcroft-Gault formula has im-portant limitations, which make it inappro-priate in those patients. We need new tools to appropriately eva-luate renal function in the elderly: new formulae or new markers of renal function (for instance cystatin C, alone or combined with serum creatinine). Research is on-going. In practice, it is recommended to: Calculate the BMI since none of the formu-lae are valid when BMI is lower than 18.5. In those patients, a measure of creatinine clearance with a 24-hour urine collection is mandatory. aMDRD gives a result in ml/min/1.73m². This value must be used as such for the diagnosis of kidney disease and its stratifi-cation according to the international defini-tion and stratification of chronic kidney disease by the KDOQI-KDIGO. For drugs dosage adjustments, the result must be converted in ml/min, using the Body Surface Area of the individual patient. This is one of the most frequent sources of error in clinical practice. When the estimated GFR with aMDRD appears to be inappropriate (for instance estimates > 140 ml/min, which corres-ponds to hyperfiltration, which is really uncommon), the question of the quality of the serum creatinine dosage should be asked. Participants also shared the tools they are using for estimating renal function online: In German: www.dosing.de (the formula used is a modified Cockcroft-Gault, no aMDRD) In Dutch and soon in English: www.ephor.eu (aMDRD and Cockcroft-Gault) In French and English: www.sitegpr.com (simultaneous calculation with Cockcroft-Gault and aMDRD with automatic conver-sion from ml/min/1.73m² to ml/min for aMDRD). Workshop 7 Workshop 7 Workshop 7 Workshop 7 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————— Behavioural problems in the Behavioural problems in the Behavioural problems in the Behavioural problems in the elderly: how to manageelderly: how to manageelderly: how to manageelderly: how to manage Louise Mallet, Faculty of pharmacy, University of Montreal, Clinical phar-macist, McGill University Health Cen-ter, Montréal, Canada.
SummarySummarySummarySummary: The goal of this workshop was to un-derstand the common behavioural and psychological in dementia (BPSD), to identify appropriate pharmacological and non pharmacological interventions and to illustrate these with case stu-dies. A total of 50 participants from diffe-rent countries were divided between the two sessions. The workshop began with the presen-tation of a patient with symptoms of BPSD.
The Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) are defined by the International Psychoge-riatric Association (IPA) as: Behavioural symptoms: restlessness, physical ag-gression, screaming, agitation, wande-ring, culturally inappropriate beha-viours, sexual disinhibition, hoarding, cursing & shadowing and Psychologi-cal symptoms: anxiety, depressed mood, hallucinations & delusions. The causes of BPSD were discussed: physi-cal, medication, environmental and communication difficulties.
A systematic approach of the evalua-tion of BPSD presented by the patient was presented. Non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions were also illustrated. Participants were then asked to bring solutions for the patient with symptoms of BPSD.
Oral communicationsOral communicationsOral communicationsOral communications
Six abstracts were selected for an oral communication presentation during the meeting. The winners of this selec-tion were the following: Priscus, STOPP and Beers’ criteria Priscus, STOPP and Beers’ criteria Priscus, STOPP and Beers’ criteria Priscus, STOPP and Beers’ criteria –––– A A A A GermanGermanGermanGerman----Irish Comparison Using Seve-Irish Comparison Using Seve-Irish Comparison Using Seve-Irish Comparison Using Seve-ral Screening Tools in the Residential ral Screening Tools in the Residential ral Screening Tools in the Residential ral Screening Tools in the Residential Home SettingHome SettingHome SettingHome Setting. J. Kruse1, D. O'Sullivan2, G. Hempel1, D. O'Mahony3, S. Byrne2 1 - Department of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, Clinical Pharmacy, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany, 2 - Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University College Cork, School of Pharmacy, 3 - Department of Geriatric Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland RASPRASPRASPRASP----list. A new tool to detect poten-list. A new tool to detect poten-list. A new tool to detect poten-list. A new tool to detect poten-tial inappropriate prescribing in a Bel-tial inappropriate prescribing in a Bel-tial inappropriate prescribing in a Bel-tial inappropriate prescribing in a Bel-gian geriatric population: assessment gian geriatric population: assessment gian geriatric population: assessment gian geriatric population: assessment of the reliabilityof the reliabilityof the reliabilityof the reliability. L. Decoutere1, L. R. Van Der Linden1, H. Deman1, I. Spriet1, J. Flamaing2, J. Tournoy2, L. Willems1 1 - Clinical Pharmacy Dpt., Hospital
Pharmacy, University Hospitals Leu-ven, 2 - Division of Gerontology and Geria-trics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leu-ven, Belgium Availability of information about old Availability of information about old Availability of information about old Availability of information about old people in SmPCs and EPARs: an eva-people in SmPCs and EPARs: an eva-people in SmPCs and EPARs: an eva-people in SmPCs and EPARs: an eva-luation of thirty recently approved luation of thirty recently approved luation of thirty recently approved luation of thirty recently approved drugsdrugsdrugsdrugs E. Beers1, P. A. Jansen1,2, A. C. Egberts 1,3,4, H. G. Leufkens4
1 - EPHOR, 2 - Geriatric Department, 3 - Department of Clinical Pharmacy, UMC Utrecht, 4 - Department of Pharmacoepidemio-logy and Pharmacotherapy, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Can a hospitalization in a geriatric Can a hospitalization in a geriatric Can a hospitalization in a geriatric Can a hospitalization in a geriatric Ward improve medication appropriate-Ward improve medication appropriate-Ward improve medication appropriate-Ward improve medication appropriate-ness?ness?ness?ness? C. Broggini1, M. Bruchez2, P.-A. Peti-gnat3, V. Von Gunten1, J. Beney1 1 - Pharmacy, Institut Central des Hô-pitaux Valaisans, Sion, 2 - Geriatry, Centre Hospitalier du Cen-tre du Valais, Sierre, 3 - Internal medicine, Centre Hospita-lier du Centre du Valais, Sion, Switzer-land. Positive Impact of a Pharmacothera-Positive Impact of a Pharmacothera-Positive Impact of a Pharmacothera-Positive Impact of a Pharmacothera-peutic Followpeutic Followpeutic Followpeutic Follow----up Program on the up Program on the up Program on the up Program on the Health Condition of a Geriatric Popula-Health Condition of a Geriatric Popula-Health Condition of a Geriatric Popula-Health Condition of a Geriatric Popula-tion. A New Strategic Approachtion. A New Strategic Approachtion. A New Strategic Approachtion. A New Strategic Approach. M. L. Condinho1, C. Sinogas1, F. Miran-da1, M. Vidinha1, M. Cavaco1 1 - ACF - Acompanhamento Farmaco-Terapeutico, LDA, Évora, Portugal Inappropriate Prescriptions according Inappropriate Prescriptions according Inappropriate Prescriptions according Inappropriate Prescriptions according to STOPP and related hospital admis-to STOPP and related hospital admis-to STOPP and related hospital admis-to STOPP and related hospital admis-sion in geriatric patientssion in geriatric patientssion in geriatric patientssion in geriatric patients O. Dalleur1, C. Deliens2, C. Losseau3, A. Spinewine4, B. Boland3 1 - Pharmacy, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCL, 2 - Pharmacy, Institut Jules Bordet, ULB, 3 - Geriatric Medicine, Cliniques Uni-versitaires Saint-Luc, UCL, Brussels, 4 - Pharmacy, Cliniques Universitaires UCL Mont-Godinne and Louvain Drug Research Institute, Centre for Clinical Pharmacy, UCLouvain, Yvoir, Belgium.
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Truly internationalTruly internationalTruly internationalTruly international IJCP does publish peer reviewed papers from many countries, not only European. The editorial policy is that the European readers must be able to learn from re-search conducted outside Europe.
In 2010, the (then still) PWS published for instance 3 papers from the USA and 6 from Australia, but also 3 from Brazil, 2 from China and 1 from Palestine. Howe-ver, most published papers (65 in 2010) come from Europe.
Submitted, published and rejectedSubmitted, published and rejectedSubmitted, published and rejectedSubmitted, published and rejected In the following table we outline the de-velopment of the journal over the last couple of years. It is interesting to note that the number of submissions more then tripled from 71 in 2000 to 313 in 2010. But the rejection rate also increa-sed from 30 to 60-70%.
Approx., 1/3rd of the submitted papers are outside the scope of the journal e.g. describing animal pharmacology re-search or hospital pharmacy logistics.
Reviewing and PipelineReviewing and PipelineReviewing and PipelineReviewing and Pipeline After the submission of a paper, the peer review begins. The International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy has approx. 220 dedicated reviewers. In general 2 revie-wers are assigned per article.
All reviewers have their specific area of expertise, and therefore some reviewers are called upon more often then others, We continuously need new reviewers, so if you have a scientific background and feel inclined, please do contact the edi-tor-in-chief of IJCP at [email protected]! Annually, the reviewers are invited to attend a meeting with the Advisory Board and Editorial Board. This meeting is usually held during the ESCP annual
symposia.
The Advisory board consists of the top-reviewers, who have shown a sound judgement and high quality knowledge of the field of clinical and social pharma-cy. They usually stay on the board for 3-5 years.
It is also clear that the review process may take some time, sometimes more than 3-6 months, depending on the qua-lity of the paper and the quality of the research.
Occasionally the gap between submis-sion and publication may be very long. This usually happens if the authors do not resubmit their paper with the incor-porated comments from the reviewers in time. For instance, Of the 234 papers received in 2008, 3 still must still be resubmitted by the authors in a revised version, 3 are now under consideration again and 12 have now been withdrawn.
Impact Factor (IF)Impact Factor (IF)Impact Factor (IF)Impact Factor (IF) The impact factor of a journal is a mea-sure for its impact in the scientific com-munity. However, it is not an absolute figure and it should be seen in relation with similar journals. Direct competitors of IJCP would probably be the Annals of Pharmacotherapy, the European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and the Interna-tional Journal of Pharmacy Practice.
Although the impact factor of PWS sho-wed a decline during the beginning of the 21st century it slowly crept up again. The IF by the end of 2003 was 0.56. By the end of 2004 the IF was 0.85. For 2005: 1,07. The impact factor for 2006 is 0.98. The impact factor over 2007 fell
again to 0.76, but it jumped to 1.02 in 2009.
The IF for 2010 was 0,919. Our IF is relatively low because especially social pharmacy research is hardly cited in other scientific journals on the IF list. The results of such research are being used in practice.
BoardsBoardsBoardsBoards The editorial board of the IJCP consists of the following people: Dr. F van Mil, Editor-in-Chief Prof. P de Smet, Representative KNMP Dr. MC Husson, Representative ESCP Mr. P Butler: Representative Springer and supervising editor.
This board decided to change the name of the journal in 2011 to the “International Journal of Clinical Pharma-cy (IJCP).” This also means that the ISSN number changed to ISSN: 2210-7703 (print) & ISSN: 2210-7711 (electronic). The impact factor will probably show a brief decline as a result of the name change. With the title change of the journal, Thomson Reuters will be calculating an Impact Factor for the old title and for the new title. It will take a few years for the new title to develop its Impact Factor owing to the 2-year nature of the IF cal-culation.
ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion The International Journal of Clinical Phar-macy is a health scientific journal. The number of submissions is continuously rising. Since the number of paper pages is relatively limited (a financial cons-traint), this also means logically that the rejection rate should go up.
However in practice this relationship is not apparent. We never have had to reject a paper because there was no space in the journal. The increase of the impact factor attracts more submissions, and many of these papers come from countries where English is not the native language.
This proves to be an important handicap. Therefore ESCP organises workshops on writing scientific articles during all their symposia.
Foppe van Mil Foppe van Mil Foppe van Mil Foppe van Mil IJCP Editor-in-Chief
From PWS to the International Journal From PWS to the International Journal From PWS to the International Journal From PWS to the International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP)of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP)of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP)of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP)
The scientific journal that ESCP contributes to, Pharmacy World & Science, has been renamed to reflect its content better.
Starting 2011, it will be called the International Journal for Clinical Pharma-cy (IJCP). The renaming was an urgent wish expressed by ESCP. The journal appears every two months, and is edited by Springer SBM in the Netherlands.
Originally started as the scientific edition of the Dutch ‘Pharmaceutisch Weekblad’, the journal developed into a scientific publication for research in social pharmacy, pharmaceutical care and especially clinical pharmacy. Up to 2010 From 2011
Article types:
2003200320032003 2004200420042004 2005200520052005 2006200620062006 2007200720072007 2008200820082008 2009200920092009 2010201020102010 Article TypeArticle TypeArticle TypeArticle Type
2 6 5 10 11 5 11 17 Case reports
10 9 15 14 8 9 12 14 Commentaries
1 1 1 1 3 4 6 4 Letter to the editor
5 14 3 3 8 8 13 24 Review articles
75 66 69 110 143 178 199 221 Research articles
7 13 22 18 19 30 34 31 Short research reports
100100100100 109109109109 115115115115 158158158158 192192192192 234234234234 275275275275 313313313313 Total submissionsTotal submissionsTotal submissionsTotal submissions
Lyon (France)Lyon (France)Lyon (France)Lyon (France)
Uppsala (Sweden)Uppsala (Sweden)Uppsala (Sweden)Uppsala (Sweden)
1111stststst April 2011 April 2011 April 2011 April 2011 Registration openRegistration openRegistration openRegistration open
1111st st st st May 2011May 2011May 2011May 2011 Abstracts submission Abstracts submission Abstracts submission Abstracts submission
openopenopenopen
1111stststst July 2011 July 2011 July 2011 July 2011 Abstracts submission Abstracts submission Abstracts submission Abstracts submission
deadlinedeadlinedeadlinedeadline
31 July 201131 July 201131 July 201131 July 2011 Early bird registration Early bird registration Early bird registration Early bird registration
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To learn more about the
programme and register, visit:
www.escpweb.org or mail
Organizing CommitteeOrganizing CommitteeOrganizing CommitteeOrganizing Committee
Aisling Collins, Ireland Siska Desplenter, Belgium Erik Gerbrands, Netherlands Martin Henman, Ireland Marie-Caroline Husson, France Pamela Logan, Ireland James McElnay, Northern Ireland Kate O’Flaherty, Ireland Joan Peppard, Ireland
Scientific CommitteeScientific CommitteeScientific CommitteeScientific Committee
Mara Guerreiro, Portugal Martin Henmann, Ireland Gert Laekeman, Belgium Anne Lendertse, Netherlands James McElnay, Northern Ireland Foppe van Mil, Netherlands Piera Polidori, Italy
On behalf of the Hospital Pharmacists Association of Ireland, the Irish Phar-macy Union, the Pharmaceutical Socie-ty of Ireland, and the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP), you are
invited to the 40th European Sympo-sium on Clinical Pharmacy in Dublin (October 19th-21st). Patient care at an excellent level is at the care of the prac-tice of clinical pharmacy.
Clinical Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy ---- Connecting Care and Outcomes Connecting Care and Outcomes Connecting Care and Outcomes Connecting Care and Outcomes
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The ESCP 40th International Sympo-sium on Clinical Pharmacy, with the theme Clinical Pharmacy - Connecting Care and Outcomes, will be held in Dublin, Ireland, on Wednesday, 19 Oc-tober, till Friday, 21 October 2011. The Symposium is supported by The Hospi-tal Pharmacists Association of Ireland, The Irish Pharmacy Union, and The Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland.
In the morning sessions you can listen to plenary lectures, in the afternoons you can join in workshops or listen to lectures or short oral presentations. On the evening before the Symposium will be a lecture «Doing more with less» by a well known economist and policy maker from Dublin Trinity College, Prof C. Normand.
On the first day the session title is: Di-versity - Providing care and measuring outcomes, on the second day: Connec-ted Health – Facilitating care and opti-mising outcomes, and on the last day: Researching care and outcomes in Chronic Disease – Case studies across the care pathway. You can check the regularly updated program at the ESCP-website. In the social program you can enjoy the Welcome Reception on Wednesday-evening, the Farewell drinks after the Closing Ceremony and the Symposium
Dinner (with separate registration) on Friday evening.
As in former years, during the Closing Ceremony, the Award winners for the Best Poster and the Best Oral Presenta-tion will be announced.
Abstract submission is open until July 1st through the ESCP-website (www.escpweb.org), but be wise and do not wait till the last day for submitting. You can download the ESCP Guidelines for Successful Scientific Publications to help you writing a good abstract.
You can register through the ESCP web-site, and there you can also find all information needed. Remember: early bird fee till July 31st. We are looking forward to see many of you in Dublin!
Dublin bridgeDublin bridgeDublin bridgeDublin bridge
Trinity collegeTrinity collegeTrinity collegeTrinity college
Trinity libraryTrinity libraryTrinity libraryTrinity library
For Your DiaryFor Your DiaryFor Your DiaryFor Your Diary
ESSSSCP European Society of Clinical PharmacyEuropean Society of Clinical PharmacyEuropean Society of Clinical PharmacyEuropean Society of Clinical Pharmacy
ESCP News ESCP News ESCP News ESCP News is published by ESCP Editor: Marie Caroline Husson (France)Editor: Marie Caroline Husson (France)Editor: Marie Caroline Husson (France)Editor: Marie Caroline Husson (France) Page Lay-out: Corinne Tollier (France) Language editing: Ian Millar (UK)
The contents of this publication are compiled in good faith. The publisher accepts no responsibility for omissions or errors.
ESCP International OfficeESCP International OfficeESCP International OfficeESCP International Office It Krúswâld Pharmacy - Voorstraat 13 NL-9285 NM Buitenpost - The Netherlands Tel: +31 645 915 831 - Fax : +31 511 543 660 E-mail: [email protected] www.escpweb.org Deadline for the submission of material: for issue number 153 is 15th August 2011.
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2011201120112011
19191919----21 October21 October21 October21 October
Dublin (Ireland)
40th ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy
2012201220122012
30 May30 May30 May30 May----1 June1 June1 June1 June
Leuven (Belgium) International Workshop « Patients Infections and the Clinical Pharmacist »
29292929----31 October31 October31 October31 October
Barcelona (Spain)
41th ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy
New MembersNew MembersNew MembersNew Members AustriAustriAustriAustriaaaa Magdalena Hellauer.. Wien
BelgiumBelgiumBelgiumBelgium Michele Catry .............. Brugge Stéphanie Martens.... Kortrijk Martina Stekova......... Jette
Bosnia and HerzegowinaBosnia and HerzegowinaBosnia and HerzegowinaBosnia and Herzegowina Emina Obarcanin........ Sarajevo
BulgariBulgariBulgariBulgariaaaa Labanova Hristina...... Sofia
EstoniEstoniEstoniEstoniaaaa Marika Saar................. Tartu
FranceFranceFranceFrance Charleric Bornet.......... Marseille Jean-Pascal Levillain.. Joigny Hugues Michelon....... Paris Valérie Sautou ............ Clermont-Ferrand
GreeceGreeceGreeceGreece Nikolaos Antonelos.....Melissia-Athens
HungaryHungaryHungaryHungary Fodor Gyorgyike...........Budapest
IrelandIrelandIrelandIreland David O’Sullivan ..........Cork
ItalyItalyItalyItaly Giuseppe Bellavia.......Agrigento Raffaella La Russa......Roma Elena Lamura..............Ancona Simona Monte.............Castrignano Dei Greci Sara Simbula...............Ussana Marita Sironi.................Galbiate Silvia Vecchio...............Vercelli
NetherlandsNetherlandsNetherlandsNetherlands MMPM Jansen ............Tilburg Katja Taxis....................Groningen
PortugalPortugalPortugalPortugal Monica Condinha........Olhao Saudi Arabia Eman AlObary..............Riyadh
Serbia and MontenengroSerbia and MontenengroSerbia and MontenengroSerbia and Montenengro Aleksandar Stamenkovic .......................................Belgrade
Slovakia (Slovak Republic)Slovakia (Slovak Republic)Slovakia (Slovak Republic)Slovakia (Slovak Republic) Maria Goboova............Nitra
SpainSpainSpainSpain João Duarte..................Leiria
SwedenSwedenSwedenSweden Lina Hellstrom.............Kalmar
SwitzerlandSwitzerlandSwitzerlandSwitzerland Anne-Laure Blanc........Vevey Emmanuele Guignard Hefti .......................................Lausanne
