Public Policy2

7/31/2019 Public Policy2

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Public Policy

Ms. April J. Rivera


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Definitions:

Whatever governments choose to do or not to do.(Dye, 1972, p. 18)

A proposed course of action of a person, group or

government within a given environment

providing obstacles and opportunities which the policy

was proposed to utilize and overcome in

an effort to reach a goal or realize an objective or

purpose. (Frederich, 1963, p. 79)


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Definitions

A broad guide to present and future decisions, selectedin light of given conditions from a

number of alternatives; the actual decision or set of

decisions designed to carry out the chosen

course of actions; a projected program consisting of

desired objectives (goals) and the means of

achieving them. (Daneke and Steiss, 1978)


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Definitions

Commitment to a course or plan of action agreedto by a group of people with the power to carry

it out.(Dodd et al., nd, p. 2)

A plan of action agreed to by a group of people

with the power to carry it out and enforce it.

(Capacity Building, p. 1)


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Definitions

Public policy is the broadframework of ideas and values

within which decisions are takenand action, or inaction, is pursued

by governments in relation to

some issue or problem. (Brooks,1989, p. 16)


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public policy is a choice ordecision made by government

that guides subsequentactions in similar

circumstances


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Some pointers

IndividualsFamilies

Organization

Governments


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Considerations in policy

making


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Public interest

Effectiveness

Efficiency

Fairness and equity Reflective


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Characteristics of a good policy


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Socially acceptable

Politically viable

Technically correct


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Sources of Public Policy


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Two categories of Policy issues:

those already on thepublic policy agenda

those not on the publicpolicy agenda


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Policies can be:

Reactive

Preactive

Proactive


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Preactive

when it responds to triggers that arerecognized because we are

scanning the operating environment,

identifying potential issues and

factors that could affect us,

and predicting and preparing formitigation and/or contingency


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Proactive

developing and pursuing avision; leading from values

and principles. Are the changes in policy

being driven by governmentor community?


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Basic Types of Public Policy

Vertical Policy

Horizontal Policy


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Vertical Policy

Normal and traditional way of policy making Developed within a single organizational structure

Starts with broad overarching policy called corporate

or framework policy

Decisions are made at the head office which guide

subsequent decisions throughout the organization

Broad policy from specific policy


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Horizontal Policy

Sectoral Multi-sectoral Integrated

Less Complex More Complex


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Sectoral Policy

Policy developedwithin a sector


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Integrated Policy

When thegroups developing the policy are able

to determine a shared, super ordinate

goal and to work

collaboratively to achieve policy that

addresses root causes as well assymptoms


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PROBLEM!!!


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Horizontal issues do not fit in a box -- theydont respect turf, they dont fit within the

jurisdiction of departments, they dont

respect boundaries. They do not fit withinthe constitutional definition of what level of

government does what -- or even which

country does what. (Bourgon, 1996)

S ifi bl h i t l


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Specific problems on horizontal

policies

Fragmentation

Superficiality

Dissociation


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Public Policy2