Learning Objectives: By the end of this course you will be able to: Identify the characteristics of effective public involvement processes Facilitate a team or public meeting Design an interactive team or public meeting or workshop Identify behaviors that escalate conflict during a dispute with other agencies or the public and identify behaviors that halt this escalation Develop a public participation plan Select appropriate techniques for a participatory process

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PLANS

NECESSARY CRITERA TO IMPLEMENT A CHANGEProblem Awareness and Need for the StudyLegitimate planning processExchange of InformationTradeoff AnalysisAcceptance of the Final Decision

2Recall the criteria for public acceptance, and that we need public buy-in that our planning process is legitimate, makes sense.

We spent some time yesterday going over our planning process, and the decision making steps.THE RATIONALE FOR PUBLIC INVOLVEMENTImproved quality of decisions by: Anticipating public concerns and attitudesBetter problem definitionFull consideration of alternativesBetter understanding of why things are the way they are

Public understandsThe problemsThe potential solutions & consequencesThe RisksThe Role of Corps and other organizations3THE RATIONALELessens Overall Cost and Prevents Latter Delays

Plans are Implementable

4DEVELOPING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PLANSThree stages:Process appraisalProcess designImplementation

PROCESS APPRAISALAssess potential level of controversyClarify the decision being madeIdentify decision constraints and schedule driversIdentify issues and stakeholdersIdentify the decision-process

6Weve Identified the decision process, which is the six step planning processAPPRAISAL PROCESSIdentified the IssuesIdentified Stakeholders Their Power and Level of InterestMatched Issues and Stakeholders to the Planning Process P&Gs Six Steps

PROCESS DESIGNIdentify the steps in the decision making process, and the schedule for completionLink issues and stakeholders to the decision processAnalyze the exchange of information that should take place at each step in the planning processIdentify appropriate involvement techniques to meet the planning step objectivesDevelop a plan integrating the techniques

8Recall the GOAL: By the Time We Select Techniques We Should KnowWho the stakeholders areWhat needs be accomplished with them at each step

What well be doing with the information we learn from them

INFORM CONSULTINVOLVE

COLLAB-ORATE

EMPOWERTECHNIQUE DEPENDS ON THE GOAL OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATIONExample TechniquesFact sheetsWeb sitesOpen housesPublic CommentFocus GroupsSurveysPublic MeetingsWorkshopsDeliberative PollingCitizen Advisory CommitteesConsensus BldgParticipatory Decision MakingCitizen JuriesBallotsDelegated Decisionswww.iap2.org

Promises to the publicAdopted by CEQ Collaboration in NEPA10STAKEHOLDERS ORBITS OF PARTICIPATION

DIFFERENT ORBITS MAY BE INVOLVED IN DIFFERENT WAYS

Analyze the exchange of information that should take place at each step in the planning processExchange of Information: Public Participation Techniques (Appendix)

To: Informative TechniquesFrom: Participative Techniques

A PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PLAN INCLUDES PUBLIC INFORMATIONInside every good public involvement program is a good public information program Good public information is a necessary precondition, just not enough in-and-of itself.

PUBLIC INVOLVEMENTPUBLIC INFORMATION

INFORMATION TECHNIQUESNewsletters Fact sheetsNewspaper insertsPublic service announcementsPaid advertisementsBriefings News releases Press kits Exhibits/Displays Web pages Information repositories Mailings e.g. report / study summariesFeature stories News conferences Speakers bureau

PARTICIPATIVE TECHNIQUESAdvisory Groups/Task ForceWeb Page Feedback FormsInterviewsInteractive WorkshopsTown Hall MeetingsINFORM CONSULTINVOLVE

COLLAB-ORATEEMPOWERFact sheetsWeb sitesOpen housesPublic CommentFocus GroupsSurveysPublic MeetingsWorkshopsDeliberative PollingCitizen Advisory CommitteesConsensus BldgParticipatory Decision MakingCitizen JuriesBallotsDelegated Decisions

TECHNIQUE SELECTION REFERENCESYour District/Division PAOUSACE Conflict-Resolution Public-Participation Center of Expertise - (CPC)

Army Public Involvement Toolbox

Collaborative Planning Toolkitwww.svp.iwr.usace.army.mil/CPToolkitwww.asale.army.mil/Public/IE/Toolbox/default.htmlwww.iwr.usace.army.mil/CPC

Information Techniques (Web Pages, etc.) are used to obtain input from stakeholders.TrueFalsePOP QUIZ

Information Techniques (Web Pages, etc.) are used to obtain input from stakeholders.b. FalseInformation techniques provide information to stakeholders, whileParticipation techniques obtain information from stakeholdersPOP QUIZ

IMPLEMENTATIONInformation & Participative Techniques are Planned - for Example:Who Does Web Page Design?Who is Going to Lead and Where Will the Meetings be Held?Newsletter Content? How much will it Cost?and Executed

GROUP EXERCISEIdentify appropriate information (to stakeholders) and participative (from stakeholders) techniques for each Stakeholder Orbit and Issue

Organize techniques into the six-step Planning Process

Present to the class

GROUP EXERCISE: Identify and Organize Techniques Based on the stakeholder and issue, identify the information and participation techniques Organize these techniques into six-step process Some issues may need to be addressed at more than one step

Select Techniques to Meet the ObjectivesUse various techniques to reach different stakeholdersTechniques should accommodate the intended level of participationUse techniques tailored to the objective - information or participation: information TO/FROM

Key Issue: The closer to the center you are, the more influence you have on the decision, but the more time, energy and commitment of resources is required

ORBIT OF PARTICIPATIONPOSSIBLE MECHANISMS

Co-decision makersInteragency teams, partnering, negotiation

Active participantsInteractive workshops; advisory groups or task forces

Technical reviewersPeer review processes. technical advisory committees

CommentersPublic meetings, comment periods

ObserversNewsletters, information bulletins, web pages

Unsurprised apatheticsPress releases; news stories