Public Input No. 4-NFPA 11-2012 [ Global Input ] Statement of

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Public Input No. 4-NFPA 11-2012 [ Global Input ]

Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam and Compressed AirFoam Systems

Statement of Problem and Substantiation for Public Input

Currently, the Title does not coincide with the Scope (1.1.1). There is now a separate chapter (Chapter 7) dedicated to Compressed Air Foam Systems.

Submitter Information Verification

Submitter Full Name:Doug Hohbein

Organization: Northcentral Fire Code Develop

Submittal Date: Thu Aug 16 10:29:14 EDT 2012

Committee Statement

Resolution: The existing title already encompasses the foams produced by compressed airfoam systems, which are either low-, medium-, or high-expansion, per thedefinitions in Chapter 3.

Copyright Assignment

I, Doug Hohbein, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and

full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement of Problem

and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in any

publication of the NFPA in w hich this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. I hereby

w arrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full pow er and authority to enter into this

copyright assignment.

By checking this box I aff irm that I am Doug Hohbein, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright

Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by checking this box,

I am creating an electronic signature that w ill, upon my submission of this form, have the same legal force and

effect as a handw ritten signature

/TerraView/Content/11-2010.ditamap/2/C1345127354689.xml



Public Input No. 5-NFPA 11-2012 [ Global Input ]

Revise Title of the Standard to read, “Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam and Compressed Air Foam Systems


Currently, the Title does not coincide with the Scope (1.1.1). There is now a separate chapter (Chapter 7) dedicated to Compressed Air Foam Systems.


Submitter Full Name:John Chartier

Organization: Northeastern Regional Fire Cod


Committee Statement

Resolution: The existing title already encompasses the foams produced by compressed airfoam systems, which are either low-, medium-, or high-expansion, per thedefinitions in Chapter 3.


I, John Chartier, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am John Chartier, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright




Public Input No. 49-NFPA 11-2013 [ Section No. 1.1.1 ]

Original Hide Markup




1.1.1

This standard covers the design, installation, operation, testing, and maintenanceof low-, medium-, and high-expansion and , compressed air and self-expandingfoam systems for fire protection.


Self-Expanding Foam System is a different fire protection arrangement than prescribed in the current standard.


Submitter Full Name:CHRISTOS SIDEROPOULOS

Organization: FOAMFATALE GREECE LTD.

Submittal Date: Thu Jan 03 13:10:08 EST 2013

Committee Statement

Resolution: 1. Foam Fatale (FF) has proposed a dramatic decrease in the required dischargetime(s) for application of foam to tank fires. The FF recommended application timesare 2 or 3 minutes, depending on tank size, compared to 50-65 minutes dependingon fuel type required by NFPA 11 Para. 5.4.2 and 60 minutes required by EN13565-2 Table 3. These times are for fixed systems on cone roof tanks. Thisrecommendation is supported by only one fire test on an 82 ft diameter tankcontaining gasoline. In this test there was virtually no freeboard of tank wall abovethe fuel and foam application was started immediately after ignition. We believe thatthis does not replicate real world conditions and that much additional testing isneeded to validate this system. 2. FF supports the idea of immediate application bysuggesting that the system will be actuated by detectors. No provision is made forbackup manual actuation as required by NFPA 11 Para. 4.9.1.2 and EN 13565-2Para. 4.7.2 Moreover, FF does not provide fire test data simulating a scenario inwhich detector driven automatic actuation fails and manual actuation is required.We believe that this is important because tank fires are often ignited by lightningthat has the potential to disable detectors and/or automatic actuation systems,making it important to test with longer preburns and design systems for the longerrun times that would be required in the case of long preburns caused by failure ofautomatic actuation. 3. In the fire test shown by FF the application rate is at therecommended application rate. There is no provision for a safety factor as is thecase in UL and NFPA standards where design rates are much higher than the testrates. It is generally accepted by NFPA that typical critical application rates areapproximately 50% of design rates 4. Performing hydraulic calculations for the FFsystem appears to us to be quite a challenge. The foam solution is stored in apressure vessel that is pressurized with carbon dioxide, a gas that is soluble inwater. Whether there is any gas headspace or all of the carbon dioxide is insolution is not clear. The system relies on the pressure of the carbon dioxide todrive the solution through piping and the discharge device. It is obvious that as thesolution is discharged the headspace in the pressure vessel will increase, reducingthe pressure and, therefore, the flow rate. The pressure/temperature curve of carbondioxide is quite steep, suggesting a large variation in discharge pressure and flowwith variations in ambient temperature. Further, as the solution flows through thepiping to the fire its pressure will decrease due to pipe friction. That will allow thesolution to release more carbon dioxide that will then exist as bubbles in thesolution increasing its volume and, therefore, its velocity and friction loss. At thesame time the density of the solution is decreasing, decreasing friction loss. FF



does not suggest a calculation method to handle these problems. 5. Solutions of

carbon dioxide in water are quite acidic, having a pH value between 3 and 4, aboutthe same as vinegar. FF proposes corrosion protection for the pressure vessel butdoes not suggest how this might be accomplished. 6. FF suggests freezeprotection in cold climates, but again does not suggest a practical method. Addingfreeze point depressants to foam solution severely degrades fire extinguishingperformance. 7. Most, if not all, of the AFFF, ARAFFF and F3 foam concentratesnow on the market use alkyl sulfates and/or alkyl ether sulfates as foaming agents.These chemicals undergo rapid autocatalytic hydrolysis at acidic pH, destroyingtheir effectiveness as foamers. Additionally, foam concentrates based onhydrolyzed protein i.e. FFFP, ARFFFP, FP and regular protein will also loseefficacy over time due to exposure to acidic conditions.


I, CHRISTOS SIDEROPOULOS, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association

(NFPA) all and full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement

of Problem and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint

author, in any publication of the NFPA in w hich this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is

used. I hereby w arrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full pow er and authority to enter

into this copyright assignment.

By checking this box I aff irm that I am CHRISTOS SIDEROPOULOS, and I agree to be legally bound by the

above Copyright Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by

checking this box, I am creating an electronic signature that w ill, upon my submission of this form, have the

same legal force and effect as a handw ritten signature






1.2.1

This standard is intended for the use and guidance of those responsible fordesigning, installing, testing, inspecting, approving, listing, operating, ormaintaining fixed, semifixed, or portable low-, medium-, and high-expansion and ,compressed air and self-expanding foam fire-extinguishing systems for interior orexterior hazards.


Self-Expanding Foam System is a different fire protection arrangement than prescribed in the current standard.





Committee Statement

Resolution: See the response to PI 49.

















1.2.3

Low-, medium-, and high high - expansion foam and compressed air foamsystems are intended to provide property protection and not life safety.


Sections addressing Scope (1.1.1) and Purpose (1.2.1) were revised on previous cycle to reflect the addition of compressed air foam systems and should also be added here unless compressed air foam systems are specifically intended to provide life safety.





Committee Statement

Resolution: FR-31-NFPA 11-2013

Statement: Sections addressing Scope (1.1.1) and Purpose (1.2.1) were revised on previouscycle to reflect the addition of compressed air foam systems and should also beadded here unless compressed air foam systems are specifically intended toprovide life safety.

















2.3.8 UL Publication.

Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096.

UL 162, Standard for Safety Foam Equipment and Liquid Concentrates, 1994 withrevisions through September 8, 1999 2012 .


Update referenced standard to most recent edition.


Submitter Full Name:John Bender

Organization: UL LLC

Submittal Date: Tue Aug 14 13:20:39 EDT 2012

Committee Statement


Statement: Update reference.


I, John Bender, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am John Bender, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright




Public Input No. 16-NFPA 11-2012 [ Chapter 3 ]


Chapter 3 Definitions




3.1 General.

The definitions contained in this chapter shall apply to the terms used in this standard.Where terms are not defined in this chapter or within another chapter, they shall bedefined using their ordinarily accepted meanings within the context in which they areused. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, shall be the source for theordinarily accepted meaning.

3.2 NFPA Official Definitions.

3.2.1* Approved.

Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.

3.2.2* Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).

An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a codeor standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.

3.2.3 Labeled.

Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifyingmark of an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction andconcerned with product evaluation, that maintains periodic inspection of production oflabeled equipment or materials, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicatescompliance with appropriate standards or performance in a specified manner.

3.2.4* Listed.

Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that isacceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of productsor services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment ormaterials or periodic evaluation of services, and whose listing states that either theequipment, material, or service meets appropriate designated standards or has beentested and found suitable for a specified purpose.

3.2.5 Shall.

Indicates a mandatory requirement.

3.2.6 Should.

Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.

3.2.7 Standard.

A document, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word“shall” to indicate requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for mandatoryreference by another standard or code or for adoption into law. Nonmandatory provisionsshall be located in an appendix or annex, footnote, or fine-print note and are not to beconsidered a part of the requirements of a standard.

3.3 General Definitions.

3.3.1 Combustible Liquid.

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 37.8°C (100°F). [30, 2008]

3.3.1.1 Combustible Liquid Classification.

3.3.1.1.1 Class II.

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 37.8°C (100°F) and below 60°C(140°F). [30, 2008]

3.3.1.1.2 Class IIIA.

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 60°C (140°F), but below 93°C(200°F). [30, 2008]

3.3.1.1.3 Class IIIB.

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 93°C (200°F). [30, 2008]

3.3.2* Concentration.

The percent of foam concentrate contained in a foam solution.



3.3.3 Coupled Water-Motor Pump.

A correctly designed positive displacement pump in the water supply line coupled to asecond, smaller, positive displacement foam concentrate pump to provide proportioning.

3.3.4 Discharge Device.

A device designed to discharge water or foam-water solution in a predetermined, fixed,or adjustable pattern. Examples include, but are not limited to, sprinklers, spraynozzles, and hose nozzles.

3.3.4.1 Air-Aspirating Discharge Devices.

Devices specially designed to aspirate and mix air into the foam solution to generatefoam, followed by foam discharge in a specific design pattern.

3.3.4.2 Compressed Air Foam Discharge Device.

A device specifically designed to discharge compressed air foam in a predeterminedpattern.

3.3.4.3* Non-Air-Aspirating Discharge Devices.

Devices designed to provide a specific water discharge pattern.

3.3.5 Discharge Outlet.

3.3.5.1 Fixed Foam Discharge Outlet.

A device permanently attached to a tank, dike, or other containment structure, designedto introduce foam.

3.3.5.2* Type I Discharge Outlet.

An approved discharge outlet that conducts and delivers foam gently onto the liquidsurface without submergence of the foam or agitation of the surface.

3.3.5.3 Type II Discharge Outlet.

An approved discharge outlet that does not deliver foam gently onto the liquid surface butis designed to lessen submergence of the foam and agitation of the surface.

3.3.6* Eductor (Inductor).

A device that uses the Venturi principle to introduce a proportionate quantity of foamconcentrate into a water stream; the pressure at the throat is below atmosphericpressure and will draw in liquid from atmospheric storage.

3.3.6.1* In-Line Eductor.

A Venturi-type proportioning device that meters foam concentrate at a fixed or variableconcentration into the water stream at a point between the water source and a nozzle orother discharge device.

3.3.7 Expansion.

The ratio of final foam volume to original foam solution volume.

3.3.8 Fire.

3.3.8.1 Class A.

A fire in ordinary combustible materials, such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and manyplastics. [10, 2010]

3.3.8.2 Class B.

A fire in flammable liquids, combustible liquids, petroleum greases, tars, oils, oil-basedpaints, solvents, lacquers, alcohols, and flammable gases.

3.3.8.3 Class C.

A fire that involves energized electrical equipment where the electrical resistivity of theextinguishing media is of importance.

3.3.9 Flammable Liquid.

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point that is below 37.8°C (100°F) and a maximumvapor pressure of 2068.6 mm Hg (40 psia) at 37.8°C (100°F). [30, 2008]

3.3.9.1 Flammable Liquid Classification.



3.3.9.1.1 Class I.

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 37.8°C (100°F) and a vapor pressure notexceeding 2068.6 mm Hg (40 psia) at 37.8°C (100°F). [30, 2008]

3.3.9.1.2 Class IA.

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 22.8°C (73°F) and a boiling point below37.8°C (100°F). [30, 2008]

3.3.9.1.3 Class IB.

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 22.8°C (73°F) and a boiling point at orabove 37.8°C (100°F). [30, 2008]

3.3.9.1.4 Class IC.

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 22.8°C (73°F) but below 37.8°C(100°F). [30, 2008]

3.3.10* Foam.

A stable aggregation of bubbles of lower density than oil or water.

3.3.10.1 Compressed Air Foam (CAF).

A homogenous foam produced by the combination of water, foam concentrate, and air ornitrogen under pressure.

3.3.11 Foam Chamber.

See 3.3.5.1, Fixed Foam Discharge Outlet.

3.3.12* Foam Concentrate.

A concentrated liquid foaming agent as received from the manufacturer.

3.3.12.1* Alcohol-Resistant Foam Concentrate.

A concentrate used for fighting fires on water-soluble materials and other fuelsdestructive to regular, AFFF, or FFFP foams, as well as for fires involving hydrocarbons.

3.3.12.2* Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Concentrate (AFFF).

A concentrate based on fluorinated surfactants plus foam stabilizers to produce a fluidaqueous film for suppressing hydrocarbon fuel vapors and usually diluted with water to a1 percent, 3 percent, or 6 percent solution.

3.3.12.3* Film-Forming Fluoroprotein Foam Concentrate (FFFP).

A protein-foam concentrate that uses fluorinated surfactants to produce a fluid aqueousfilm for suppressing hydrocarbon fuel vapors.

3.3.12.4 Film-Forming Foam.

A concentrate that when mixed at its nominal use concentration will form an aqueousfilm on hydrocarbon fuels. The hydrocarbon fuel typically used as a minimum benchmarkfor film formation is cyclohexane.

3.3.12.5* Fluoroprotein Foam Concentrate.

A concentrate very similar to protein-foam concentrate but with a synthetic fluorinatedsurfactant additive.

3.3.12.6* Medium- and High-Expansion Foam Concentrate.

A concentrate, usually derived from hydrocarbon surfactants, used in specially designedequipment to produce foams having foam-to-solution volume ratios of 20:1 toapproximately 1000:1.

3.3.12.7* Protein Foam Concentrate.

Concentrate consisting primarily of products from a protein hydrolysate, plus stabilizingadditives and inhibitors to protect against freezing, to prevent corrosion of equipment andcontainers, to resist bacterial decomposition, to control viscosity, and to otherwiseensure readiness for use under emergency conditions.

3.3.12.8 Synthetic Foam Concentrate.



Concentrate based on foaming agents other than hydrolyzed proteins and includingaqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) concentrates, medium- and high-expansion foamconcentrates, and other synthetic foam concentrates.

3.3.12.8.1* Other Synthetic Foam Concentrate.

A concentrate based on hydrocarbon surface active agents and listed as a wettingagent, foaming agent, or both.

3.3.13 Foam Concentrate Type.

A classification of a foam concentrate that includes the chemical composition as definedunder foam concentrate (see 3.3.12), including the use percentage, the minimum usabletemperature, and the fuels on which the concentrate is effective.

3.3.14 Foam Generators.

3.3.14.1 Foam Generators — Aspirator Type.

Foam generators, fixed or portable, in which jet streams of foam solution aspiratesufficient amounts of air that is then entrained on the screens to produce foam, andwhich usually produce foam with expansion ratios of not more than 250:1.

3.3.14.2* Foam Generators — Blower Type.

Foam generators, fixed or portable, in which the foam solution is discharged as a sprayonto screens through which an airstream developed by a fan or blower is passing.

3.3.15 Foam Injection.

3.3.15.1 Semisubsurface Foam Injection.

Discharge of foam at the liquid surface within a storage tank from a floating hose thatrises from a piped container near the tank bottom.

3.3.15.2 Subsurface Foam Injection.

Discharge of foam into a storage tank from an outlet near the tank bottom.

3.3.16* Foam Solution.

A homogeneous mixture of water and foam concentrate in the correct proportions.

3.3.16.1 Premixed Foam Solution.

Solution produced by introducing a measured amount of foam concentrate into a givenamount of water in a storage tank.

3.3.17 Foam System Types.

3.3.17.1 Compressed Air Foam System (CAFS).

A system employing compressed air foam discharge devices or hoses attached to apiping system through which foam is transported from a mixing chamber. Discharge ofCAFS begins with automatic actuation of a detection system, or manual actuation thatopens valves permitting compressed air foam generated in the mixing chamber, to flowthrough a piping system and discharged over the area served by the discharge devices orhoses. Hazards that compressed air foam systems are permitted to protect includeflammable liquids as defined in 3.3.9 and combustible liquids as defined in 3.3.1.Compressed air foam systems are not permitted to be used on the following fire hazards:(1) Chemicals, such as cellulose nitrate, that release sufficient oxygen or other oxidizingagents to sustain combustion; (2) Energized unenclosed electrical equipment; (3) Water-reactive metals such as sodium, potassium, and NaK (sodium–potassium alloys); (4)Hazardous water-reactive materials, such as triethyl-aluminum and phosphorouspentoxide; and (5) Liquefied flammable gas.

3.3.17.2 Fixed System.

A complete installation in which foam is piped from a central foam station, dischargingthrough fixed delivery outlets to the hazard to be protected with permanently installedpumps where required.

3.3.17.3* Mobile System.



3.3.17.3* Mobile System.

Any type of foam-producing unit that is mounted on wheels and that is self-propelled ortowed by a vehicle and can be connected to a water supply or can utilize a premixedfoam solution.

3.3.17.4 Portable System.

Foam-producing equipment, materials, hose, and so forth that are transported by hand.

3.3.17.5* Semifixed System.

A system in which the hazard is equipped with fixed discharge outlets connected topiping that terminates at a safe distance.

3.3.18* Foam-Generating Methods.

Methods of generation of air foam including hose stream, foam nozzle, and medium- andhigh-expansion generators, foam maker, pressure foam maker (high back pressure orforcing type), or foam monitor stream.

3.3.18.1 Compressed Air Foam-Generating Method.

A method of generating compressed air foam recognized in this standard using a mixingchamber to combine air or nitrogen under pressure, water, and foam concentrate in thecorrect proportions. The resulting compressed air foam flows through piping or hoses tothe hazard being protected.

3.3.19* Handline.

A hose and nozzle that can be held and directed by hand.

3.3.20 Monitor.

3.3.20.1* Fixed Monitor (Cannon).

A device that delivers a large foam stream and is mounted on a stationary support thateither is elevated or is at grade.

3.3.20.2 Portable Monitor (Cannon).

A device that delivers a foam monitor stream and is mounted on a movable support orwheels so it can be transported to the fire scene.

3.3.21 Nozzle.

3.3.21.1* Foam Nozzle or Fixed Foam Maker.

A specially designed hoseline nozzle or fixed foam maker designed to aspirate air that isconnected to a supply of foam solution.

3.3.21.2* Self-Educting Nozzle.

A device that incorporates a venturi to draw foam concentrate through a short length ofpipe and/or flexible tubing connected to the foam supply.

3.3.22* Pressure Foam Maker (High Back Pressure or Forcing Type).

A foam maker utilizing the Venturi principle for aspirating air into a stream of foamsolution forms foam under pressure.

3.3.23 Proportioning.

The continuous introduction of foam concentrate at the recommended ratio into thewater stream to form foam solution.

3.3.23.1* Balanced Pressure Pump-Type Proportioning.

A foam proportioning system that utilizes a foam pump and valve(s) to balance foam andwater pressures at a modified venturi-type proportioner located in the foam solutiondelivery piping; a foam concentrate metering orifice is fitted in the foam inlet section ofthe proportioner.

3.3.23.1.1* In-Line Balanced Pressure Proportioning.



3.3.23.1.1* In-Line Balanced Pressure Proportioning.

A foam proportioning system utilizing a foam concentrate pump or a bladder tank inconjunction with a listed pressure reducing valve. At all design flow rates, the constantfoam concentrate pressure is greater than the maximum water pressure at the inlet tothe in-line balanced pressure proportioner. A pressure balancing valve integral to the in-line balanced pressure proportioner regulates the foam concentrate pressure to bebalanced to incoming water pressure.

3.3.23.2* Direct Injection Variable Pump Output Proportioning.

A direct injection proportioning system that utilizes flowmeters for foam concentrate andwater in conjunction with a variable output foam pump control system.

3.3.24 Proportioning Methods for Foam Systems.

The methods of proportioning used to create the correct solution of water and foam liquidconcentrate.

3.3.25* Pump Proportioner (Around-the-Pump Proportioner).

A system that uses a venturi eductor installed in a bypass line between the dischargeand suction side of a water pump and suitable variable or fixed orifices to induct foamconcentrate from a tank or container into the pump suction line.

3.3.26 Stream.

3.3.26.1 Foam Hose Stream.

A foam stream from a handline.

3.3.26.2 Foam Monitor Stream.

A large capacity foam stream from a nozzle that is supported in position and can bedirected by one person.

3.3.27 Tank.

3.3.27.1 Balanced Pressure Bladder Tank.

A foam concentrate tank fitted with an internal bladder that uses waterflow through amodified venturi-type proportioner to control the foam concentrate injection rate bydisplacing the foam concentrate within the bladder with water outside the bladder.

3.3.27.2* Pressure Proportioning Tank.

A foam concentrate tank with no bladder that uses waterflow through an orifice todisplace the foam concentrate in the tank with water to add foam concentrate through anorifice into a water line at a specified rate. This device is only suitable for foams having aspecific gravity of at least 1.15.


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Submitter Full Name: fahrul reza reza

Organization: [ Not Specified ]

Submittal Date: Wed Sep 12 10:00:02 EDT 2012

Committee Statement

Resolution: Submitter did not provide a recommended revision.


I, fahrul reza reza, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all



and full rights in copyright in this Public Input (including both the Proposed Change and the Statement of

Problem and Substantiation). I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in

any publication of the NFPA in w hich this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. I

hereby w arrant that I am the author of this Public Input and that I have full pow er and authority to enter into this


By checking this box I aff irm that I am fahrul reza reza, and I agree to be legally bound by the above

Copyright Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by





3.3.3 Coupled Water-Motor Pump.

A correctly designed positive displacement pump in the water motor in the watersupply line coupled to a second, smaller, positive displacement foam concentratepump to provide proportioning.


Remarks: The pressure relief valve for positive displacement foam concentrate pumps and the flushing line described in Sections 9.1.2 and 9.2.1 are added to the figure of the water motor coupled foam proportioning pump. Annex D.2 describes the determination of the proportioning rate by the refractive index method and the conductivity method. Using a water motor foam proportioning pump offers a third realistic testing option. "Cycle the volumetric flow rate of the extinguishing water as well as the volumetric flow rate of the foam concentrate without mixing both liquids. Measure both flows and calculate the proportioning rate. By using an adjustable pressure relief valve at the positive displacement foam pump, the back pressure on that pump can be set to the same pressure level as the extinguishing water." Especially regarding environmental impacts of the foam concentrates and costs for the end-user of the extinguishing system, the volumetric test method offer a great benefit and delivers realistic test results because all water flows can be tested with the actual foam concentrate installed in system. Even the influence of the viscosity of the foam concentrate can show during testing.


Submitter Full Name:Walter Barker

Organization: Fire Safe Services, LLC

Submittal Date: Thu Dec 06 13:58:55 EST 2012

Committee Statement


Statement: The revised definition provides clarification on the operation of this technology. Thedefinition is moved to 3.3.23.3.





I, Walter Barker, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and



publication of the NFPA in w hich this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. Except to

the extent that I may lack authority to make an assignment of content identif ied above, I hereby w arrant that I

am the author of this Public Input and that I have full pow er and authority to enter into this copyright

assignment.

By checking this box I aff irm that I am Walter Barker, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright




Origin (from sources other than the submitter)

Marc Zielinski - FireDos GmbH




Public Input No. 66-NFPA 11-2013 [ New Section after 3.3.5.3 ]

3.3.6 Self-expanding Foam Introduction Device (foam ring). A torus shapedevice permanently attached along the inner shell of a tank to introduce self-expanding foam in a predetermined pattern.


A new device shall be introduced that releases self-expanding foam. This device has many advantages: a) capable to serve superintensive foam application rates, b) immediately starts to cool the inner tank shell, c) with the continuous, curtain-like foam flow from the first intorduction point, the oxigen is excluded, d) there are not uncovered surfaces like between the points of foam generation devices, e) the foam loss (dehydration and deconsumption) compared to point-like introduction, arising from fires between the uncovered surfaces, is negligible, f) the foam blanket is closing in the center of the surface, forming a reignition safe thickness. According to the current edition of NFPA 11 A.5.2.6.1, "foam generation equipment (foam chamber) disruption often arises as a result of an initial tank explosion or the presence of fire surrounding the tank". Therefore different foam introduction device shall also be recommended. The self-expanding foam introduction device is attached to the inner shell of the cone roof tank on the whole circumference under the weak seam and in case of an explosion, which is considered as one of the most frequent sources of cone roof tank fires, it acts also like a support frame. The self-expanding foam intoduction device directs foam to the tank shell and then the foam flows down on the whole surface of the inner tank shell cooling it very effectively. The one and only function of the self-expanding foam introduction device is to release foam, hence malfunction is excluded.




Submittal Date: Fri Jan 04 08:33:18 EST 2013

Committee Statement

















3.3.10.2 Self-expanding Foam (SEF). A homogeneous foam produced in advanceof a fire by the combination of water, foam concentrate, and carbon-dioxide orthe gas mixture of carbon-dioxide and nitrogen under pressure, and stored in alocation not exposed to the hazard.


Self-expanding Foam (SEF) shall be introduced. SEF is the fire extinguishing media of the Self-Expanding Foam Systems (SEFS). The SEF is a ready-to-use homogenous foam, can be alcohol-resistant or non alcohol-resistant, can be frost proof and non frost proof too. The physical and the chemical features of the SEF can be adjusted to the stored material. SEF is perfectly produced well in advance of a fire, there is no preparation, foam solution mixing and foam generation time in case of a given fire, and of course the equipment required for doing these steps are not needed also, the only thing that has to do to introduce the required foam volume to put out the fire.





Committee Statement

















Inductor (see educator 3.3.6)


Although the two terms are used interchangeably, there are those that will look for the definition under the word “Inductor”.





Committee Statement


Statement: Although the two terms are used interchangeably, there are those that will look forthe definition under the word “Inductor”.
















3.3.17.2 Self-expanding Foam System (SEFS). A system employing self-expanding foam introduction device or monitors attached to a pipingsystem through which foam is transported from a pressure vessel.Introduction of self-expanding foam begins with automatic actuation of adetection system, or manual actuation that opens valves permitting self-expanding foam stored in the pressure vessel, to flow through a pipingsystem and introduced over the surface or area served by the self-expanding foam introduction device or monitors.


Self-Expanding Foam System has been brought to the market in Europe more than 10 years ago. The SEFS could not gained wide acceptance during these years because of the strict regulations coming from standard prescriptions that recommend 'flow-through' systems only. SEFS, a kind of improved CAF system, has a totaly different arrangement compared to the flow-trough systems. SEFS is a fully pre-engineered 'one-shot' fixed system with semi-fixed supplementary protection devices. No external water, seawater, water tanks are required, it has automatic operation with manual option, the maintenance of the system is low-to-zero. The ready-to-use foam, the one-shot system arrangement, the foam introduction pattern makes the Self-Expanding Foam System capable to put out a 500m2 gasoline fire in less than one minute. There is no NFPA standard addressing these systems which are substantially different technically from the flow-trough systems, currently covered and recommended by NFPA 11. In order to enable Self-Expanding Foam System to be listed, approved and accepted, listing organizations, approval bodies, regulatory authorities and others require some form of recognition and acknowledgement of the SEFS in NFPA 11 standard. Without the recognition of SEFS within NFPA standards and codes, this technology and system could not enter to the marketplace as NFPA is the most recognized body and its standards are the most adopted worldwide in fire protection. SEF system complies with EN-13565:2, European Standard of Fixed firefighting systems ? Foam systems. Part 2: Design, construction and maintenance.





Committee Statement
















3.3.23.3 description of the working principle of coupled water motor pumps: "....a positive displacement foam concentrate proportioner pump with fixed plunger drivenby a direct-coupled positive displacement water motor. The positive displacement pumpdraws the foam concentrate from an atmospheric storage tank and feeds it into the waterflow which passes through the water motor. The ratio between the volumes transferred perrotation of the two devices determines the proportioning ratio. Variation of the systempressure, volumetric flow rate or viscosity of the foam concentrate will not affect theproportioning ratio because of the positive displacement character of the two devices..." ..(Please see FM data sheet 4-12 at Section 3.2.5)







Committee Statement













assignment.










Public Input No. 23-NFPA 11-2012 [ New Section after 3.3.27 ]

Construction type:

Definition of light or unprotected steel construction

Definition of heavy or protected or fire-resistive construction

(I don't have a good suggestion for this, but it would have been good if there was adefinition for this)


I miss a definition of construction type. (To state submerge time for high expansion)


Submitter Full Name:HENNING HAUGEN

Organization: JOTUN A/S

Submittal Date: Wed Oct 17 06:53:50 EDT 2012

Committee Statement


Statement: Renumber section A.6.12.7 as A.6.12.7.1. The committee has formed a task groupto better define "light" and "heavy" construction referenced in Table 6.12.7.1.


I, HENNING HAUGEN, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all






By checking this box I aff irm that I am HENNING HAUGEN, and I agree to be legally bound by the above








3.3.27.3Self-expanding Foam Pressure Vessel. A self-expanding foam tank fittedwith safety valve, pressure transmitter and pressure gauges that stores the self-expanding foam under pressure.


With the recommendation of the Self-Expanding Foam System, new type of foam storage shall be introduced.





Committee Statement
















Public Input No. 14-NFPA 11-2012 [ Section No. 4.2.1.5 [Excluding any

Sub-Sections] ]


The water supply system shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA24.


Water supply system is the appropriate term.


Submitter Full Name:Bill Galloway

Organization: Southern Regional Fire Code De

Submittal Date: Tue Aug 28 15:44:28 EDT 2012

Committee Statement


Statement: Water supply system is the appropriate term.


I, Bill Gallow ay, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am Bill Gallow ay, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright









4.3.2 Concentrate Storage.

We would like to add one point regarding the sediments occur by proteinbased foam concentrates. In FM data sheet 4 -12 for example there is thispoint mentioned at Chapter 2 .3. 6.4.3 "Determine the quantity of foamconcentrate..." which describes a certain volume of the foam concentratestorage tank for sediments.

4.3. 2.1 Storage Facilities.

4.3.2.1.1

Foam concentrates and equipment shall be stored in a location not exposed to thehazard they protect.

4.3.2.1.2

If housed, foam concentrates and equipment shall be in a noncombustiblestructure.

4.3.2.1.3

For outdoor nonautomatic systems, the AHJ shall be permitted to approve thestorage of foam concentrate in a location off premises where these supplies areavailable at all times.

4.3.2.1.4

Loading and transportation facilities for foam concentrates shall be provided.

4.3.2.1.5

Off-premises supplies shall be of the type required for use in the systems of thegiven installation.

4.3.2.1.6

At the time of a fire, these off-premises supplies shall be accumulated in therequired quantities, before the equipment is placed in operation, to ensureuninterrupted foam production at the design rate for the required period of time.

4.3.2.2* Quantity.

The amount of concentrate shall meet the discharge requirements for the largestsingle hazard protected or group of hazards that are to be protectedsimultaneously.

4.3.2.3 Foam Concentrate Storage Tanks.

4.3.2.3.1

Bulk liquid storage tanks shall be fabricated from or be lined with materialscompatible with the concentrate.

4.3.2.3.2

The storage tank shall be designed to minimize evaporation of foam concentrate.

4.3.2.3.3*

Proportioning systems shall have signage to provide instruction on the propersequence of system shutdown to prevent accidental loss of foam concentrateand/or system damage.

4.3.2.4 Storage Conditions.

4.3.2.4.1*

In order to ensure the correct operation of any foam-producing system, thechemical and physical characteristics of the materials comprising the system shallbe taken into consideration in design.

4.3.2.4.2*

Foam concentrates shall be stored within the listed temperature limitations.

4.3.2.4.3

Markings shall be provided on storage vessels to identify the type of concentrateand its intended concentration in solution.



4.3.2.5 Foam Concentrate Supply.

4.3.2.5.1 Foam Concentrate Consumption Rates.

The consumption rates shall be based on the percentage concentrate used in thesystem design (e.g., 3 percent or 6 percent or other, if so listed or approved by theAHJ).

4.3.2.5.2 Reserve Supply of Foam Concentrate.

4.3.2.5.2.1

There shall be a reserve supply of foam concentrate to meet design requirements inorder to put the system back into service after operation.

4.3.2.5.2.2

The reserve supply shall be in separate tanks or compartments, in drums or canson the premises, or shall be able to be obtained from an approved outside sourcewithin 24 hours.

4.3.2.6 Auxiliary Supplies.

Other equipment necessary to recommission the system, such as bottles ofnitrogen or carbon dioxide for premixed systems, also shall be able to be secured.







Committee Statement


Statement: Sediment buildup in atmospheric tanks and allowance for residual foam concentratemust be considered in the design of foam concentrate tanks. Sediment can inhibitsystem operation if drawn into the foam pump.







publication of the NFPA in w hich this Public Input in this or another similar or derivative form is used. Except tothe extent that I may lack authority to make an assignment of content identif ied above, I hereby w arrant that I


assignment.










Public Input No. 24-NFPA 11-2012 [ Section No. 4.3.2.2 ]


4.3.2.2* Quantity.

The amount of concentrate shall meet the discharge requirements for the largestsingle hazard protected or group of hazards that are to be protectedsimultaneously.

(Calculated by the upper or lower limit of consumption of foam? Ref accpetancetest: (1) Not less than the rated concentration (2)*No more than 30 percent above the rated concentrate, or 1

percentage point above the rated concentration (whichever is less))


Have just inserted a question. I think there would have been good if there was a clear way to calculate the amount of foam. Shall we use the upper limit or the lower limit of foam consuption for the calculation of the amount of foam concentrate?


Submitter Full Name:HENNING HAUGEN

Organization: JOTUN A/S

Submittal Date: Wed Oct 17 07:06:27 EDT 2012

Committee Statement

Resolution: The quantity of foam concentrate is based on the nominal use percentage and notthe actual injection rate yielded by the system. The design of foam systemsincorporates safety factors that account for higher rates of consumption. However,the authority having jurisdiction may recommend additional concentrate to ensurethe full minimum discharge duration at the actual flow rate.


I, HENNING HAUGEN, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all






By checking this box I aff irm that I am HENNING HAUGEN, and I agree to be legally bound by the above









4.7.2 Foam System Piping.

4.7.2.1*

Galvanized pipe shall be used.

4.7.2.2

Pipe carrying foam concentrate shall not be galvanized.

4.7.2.3

Piping in constant contact with foam concentrates shall be constructed of materialcompatible with and not affected by the concentrate.

4.7.2.4

Piping in constant contact with foam concentrate shall not have a detrimental effecton the foam concentrate.

4.7.2.5

For the purpose of computing friction loss in foam solution piping, the following C-values shall be used for the Hazen–Williams formula:

(1) Galvanized steel pipe — 120

(2) Other C-values for corrosion-resistant piping materials in accordance withNFPA 13

Sections 4.7.2.1 and 4.7.2.5 "Galvanized pipe (fittings) shall be used." This point isquite unclear for which application inside the foam system piping galvanized pipeshall be used.

According to our experience galvanized pipes are never sufficient either for foam-water-solution nor for foam concentrates. According to European standards therecommendation is stainless like SS304 or SS316 for the foam concentrates andcarbon steel or stainless steel for the foam-water-solution.









Committee Statement


Statement: Sections 4.7.1 through 4.7.4 were revised to provide clarity in differentiating thepiping and fitting requirements for foam concentrate and for foam-water solution. Thesection was also revised to include those specific piping materials which areappropriate to be used in a foam system. The foam solution piping on thesesystems is exposed to thermal changes, air movement, and other environmentalconditions that can cause condensation and resulting corrosion leading to formationof debris and pipe scale. This debris and/or pipe scale can inhibit proper function ofthe foam system discharge devices due to blockage. To alleviate this problemencompassing foam systems with piping that is normally open to the surroundingatmosphere these types of systems are to be constructed using pipe and fittingsmaterials identified in 4.7.2.1 and 4.7.3.1. See attachments.








assignment.









4.7.2.1*

Galvanized pipe shall be used for threaded systems . Bare carbon steel pipe maybe used in welded systems or systems larger than 2"

Additional Proposed Changes




File Name Description Approved

Open PI_15_White_Paper.pdf PI # White Paper


Galvanized pipe is not readily available in sizes larger than 2". Systems for large petroleum storage tanks are typically constructed out of bare carbon steel pipe due to their size and that they are typically welded pipe. In order to galvanize the pipe, the system is fabricated first and then dismantled and galvanized. Smaller systems may benefit from using galvanized pipe as potential rust flakes may clog nozzles. However, storage tank foam chamber systems typically have larger orifices and are not affected by a small rust flake. Also, recent studies indicate that galvanized piping may not provide the corrosion protection that it is believed to provide.


Submitter Full Name:JIM DELUCA

Organization: SPEC Services, Inc

Submittal Date: Wed Sep 05 16:08:30 EDT 2012

Committee Statement


Statement: Sections 4.7.1 through 4.7.4 were revised to provide clarity in differentiating thepiping and fitting requirements for foam concentrate and for foam-water solution. Thesection was also revised to include those specific piping materials which areappropriate to be used in a foam system. The foam solution piping on thesesystems is exposed to thermal changes, air movement, and other environmentalconditions that can cause condensation and resulting corrosion leading to formationof debris and pipe scale. This debris and/or pipe scale can inhibit proper function ofthe foam system discharge devices due to blockage. To alleviate this problemencompassing foam systems with piping that is normally open to the surroundingatmosphere these types of systems are to be constructed using pipe and fittingsmaterials identified in 4.7.2.1 and 4.7.3.1. See attachments.


I, JIM DELUCA, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am JIM DELUCA, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright




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Public Input No. 8-NFPA 11-2012 [ Section No. 4.9.2.5.2 ]


4.9.2.5.2

Where approved by the AHJ, Small systems for localized hazards shall bepermitted to be unsupervised, subject to approval of the AHJ .


As written some installations are commissioned based on no indication of any objection by the AHJ when in reality, the AHJ was never consulted. This wording mandates that a specific approval needs to be obtained before the exception is allowed.





Committee Statement


Statement: As written some installations are commissioned based on no indication of anyobjection by the AHJ when in reality, the AHJ was never consulted. This wordingmandates that a specific approval needs to be obtained before the exception isallowed.















Public Input No. 9-NFPA 11-2012 [ Section No. 4.9.2.7.1 ]


4.9.2.7.1

Automatic shutdown shall be subject to the approval and the predeterminedoperating time shall be approved of the AHJ.


As written some installations are commissioned based on no indication of any objection by the AHJ when in reality, the AHJ was never consulted. This wording mandates that a specific approval needs to be obtained in order to allow automatic shutdown and where it is approved, the minimum amount of operating time prior to the shutdown is acceptable to the AHJ.





Committee Statement


Statement: As written some installations are commissioned based on no indication of anyobjection by the AHJ when in reality, the AHJ was never consulted. This wordingmandates that a specific approval needs to be obtained in order to allow automaticshutdown and where it is approved, the minimum amount of operating time prior tothe shutdown is acceptable to the AHJ.












Public Input No. 53-NFPA 11-2013 [ Section No. 5.2 [Excluding any Sub-




Sections] ]


The following methods for protecting exterior fixed-roof tanks shall be included withinthis section and shall not be considered to be in any order of preference:

(1) Foam monitors and handlines

(2) Surface application with fixed foam discharge outlets

(3) Surface application with self-expanding foam introduction device shall bedesigned according to Chapter 8.

(4) Subsurface application

(5) Semisubsurface injection methods


According to the current edition of NFPA 11 A.5.2.6.1, "foam generation equipment (foam chamber) disruption often arises as a result of an initial tank explosion or the presence of fire surrounding the tank". Therefore different foam introduction device is recommended. The self-expanding foam introduction device is attached to the inner shell of the cone roof tank on the whole circumference under the weak seam and in case of an explosion, which is considered as one of the most frequent sources of cone roof tank fires, it acts also like a support frame. The self-expanding foam intoduction device directs foam to the tank shell and then the foam flows down on the whole surface of the inner tank shell cooling it very effectively. The one and only function of the self-expanding foam introduction device is to release foam, hence malfunction is excluded. NFPA 11 A.5.3.4.3 states: "Foam can fail to seal against the tank shell as a result of prolonged free burning to agent discharge". The recommended foam introduction device can eliminate this problem also.





Committee Statement
















5.3.3.3 Full Surface Area Protection. Full surface area protection withself-expanding foam introduction device shall be designed according toChapter 8.


Because of the limitations of the flow-through systems, the available foam solution application rate limited by the fire pumps, and the foam discharge device, and the point-like arrangement of foam introduction, fixed systems were not considered as an effective way of open-top floating roof tank full surface fire protection, therefore mobile protection became the applied strategy to fight against these fires. Mobile applications need preparation time. During this preparation which takes a lot of time, the whole tank is exposed to the heat and flames of the fire, the terminal is exposed to the risk of fire escalation and even to boilover scenario. According to NFPA 11 A.5.6 "The speed of system operation is always critical in minimizing life and property loss". Self-expanding Foam System is a perfectly pre-engineered fixed system which is capable to put out a large scale full surface fire in minutes. The huge catastrophes, fatalities and unacceptable environmental pollution that happaned in the last decades can be avoided.





Committee Statement



















5.3.4.1

The following methods for fire protection of seals in open-top floating roof tanksshall be as required in 5.3.5 through 5.3.7:

(1) Fixed discharge outlets

(2) Foam handlines

(3) Foam monitors

(4) Self-expanding foam introduction device application shall be designedaccording to Chapter 8.


In case of a rim seal fire only, the curtain-like foam introduction of the Self-expanding Foam Introduction Device results in a very effective pattern of foam application. The design calculation shall be the same as for full suface fires. In case of a given fire, the released foam volume prevents escalation to full surface fire. The additional foam release method on the floating roof is an applied strategy in fire escalation prevention.





Committee Statement


















5.4.1

Requirements for tanks equipped with the following floating roof types shall not becovered in Section 5.4:

(1) Roofs made from floating diaphragms

(2) Roofs made from plastic blankets

(3) Roofs made with plastic or other flotation material, even if encapsulated in metal orfiberglass

(4) Roofs that rely on flotation device closures that are easily submerged if damaged

(5) Pan roofs



Open 11_L3_SM.pdf Supporting material


This wording is contradictory to Section 5.4.2, paragraph 3, as a metallic sandwich panel roof is defined as plastic or other flotation material encapsulated by metal. This type of roof is allowed. Note: Supporting material is available for review at NFPA Headquarters.


Submitter Full Name:Michael Doxey

Organization: HMT Inc.


Committee Statement

Resolution: The committee needs to investigate this issue to ensure that all floating roof typesare being evaluated for seal only protection in a similar fashion. A task group hasbeen formed to revisit this topic at the second draft.


I, Michael Doxey, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am Michael Doxey, and I agree to be legally bound by the above



http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/XmlImageManager?objId=/TerraView/Content/11-2010.ditamap/2/C1354819627514.xml:=root&imageId=11_L3_SM.G1354819794564.pdf&altImageId=G1354819794564




Public Input No. 28-NFPA 11-2012 [ Section No. 5.4.2 [Excluding any

Sub-Sections] ]


Seal area protection systems shall be permitted for the following types of roofconstruction:

(1) Steel double deck

(2) Steel pontoon

(3) Full liquid surface contact, metallic/composite sandwich panel, conforming toAppendix H, “Internal Floating Roofs,” requirements of API 650



Open 11_L4_SM.pdf Supporting material


The problem is that full surface foam protection is required when the roof is not constructed of steel or metallic sandwich panel. See supporting material for further explanation.


Submitter Full Name:Michael Doxey

Organization: HMT Inc.


Committee Statement

Resolution: The committee needs to investigate this issue to ensure that all floating roof typesare being evaluated for seal only protection in a similar fashion. A task group hasbeen formed to revisit this topic at the second draft.


I, Michael Doxey, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and







http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/XmlImageManager?objId=/TerraView/Content/11-2010.ditamap/2/C1354819829285.xml:=root&imageId=11_L4_SM.G1354819922633.pdf&altImageId=G1354819922633



By checking this box I aff irm that I am Michael Doxey, and I agree to be legally bound by the above









6.15.6* Training.

All personnel shall be properly trained in the operation of portable foam- generatingequipment and in the necessary fire-fighting techniques.


Text currently does not state portable foam-generating equipment but 6.15 refers to Portable Foam-Generating Devices. As stated, the Standard could be misinterpreted as addressing portable equipment that generates something other than foam; such as portable electric generating equipment or portable compressed air generating equipment, etc.





Committee Statement


Statement: Text currently does not state portable foam-generating equipment but 6.15 refers toPortable Foam-Generating Devices. As stated, the Standard could bemisinterpreted as addressing portable equipment that generates something otherthan foam; such as portable electric generating equipment or portable compressedair generating equipment, etc.















Public Input No. 70-NFPA 11-2013 [ New Section after 7.20 ]

Insertion of a new Chapter 8 according to the attached FFGR-PI-NFPA11-01 fileand renumbering the following chapters



Open FFGR-PI-NFPA11-01.pdf New Chapter 8, Self-expanding Foam Systems

Open SEFS_Test_results.xls SEFS test results

Open TUV_FF_en.jpg EN 13565-2 system compliance, TUV


Without the recognition of SEFS within NFPA standards and codes, this technology and system could not enter to the marketplace as NFPA is the most recognized body and its standards are the most adopted worldwide in fire protection. Listing and/or approval of the system or the components cannot be accomplished without NFPA recognition. Three cold foam tests and two 500m2 gasoline fire extinguishing tests have been carried out. Please see test results attached. A fire test has been witness tested by TUV Germany to certify system compliance to EN 13565-2 European Standard of Fixed firefighting systems ? Foam systems. Part 2: Design, construction and maintenance. Please see system compliance document attached.





Committee Statement














http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/XmlImageManager?objId=/TerraView/Content/11-2010.ditamap/2/C1357316435533.xml:=root&imageId=FFGR-PI-NFPA11-01.G1357318325047.pdf&altImageId=G1357318325047

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Page 1 of 5 FFGR-PI-NFPA11-01

01 03/1/2013 FIRST ISSUE C.S. A.S. C.S.

REV. DATE DESCRIPTION PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED

NFPA 11 Public Input

Insertion of new Chapter 8

Self-Expanding Foam Systems

FFGR-PI-NFPA11-01

FoamFatale Greece Ltd. DOCUMENT TITLE:

DOCUMENT NUMBER:


TABLE OF CONTENTS

8. Chapter Self-expanding Foam Systems (new chapter) .............................................. 3

8.1 General ....................................................................................................................... 3

8.2 Self-expanding Foam. ............................................................................................... 3

8.3 Distribution Systems. ............................................................................................... 4

8.4 Self-expanding Foam Introduction Device ............................................................. 4

8.5 Operation and Control Systems. ............................................................................. 4

8.6 System Types. ........................................................................................................... 4

8.7 Installation of Automatic Detection. ........................................................................ 4

8.8 Design Criteria for Storage Tank Full Surface Area ............................................... 5

8.9. System Flow Calculation....................................................................................... 5

8.10 Plans and Specifications....................................................................................... 5

8.11 Testing and Acceptance........................................................................................ 5

8.12 Maintenance. .......................................................................................................... 5


Chapter 8 Self-expanding Foam Systems (new chapter)

8.1 General 8.1.1 This chapter shall provide requirements for the correct use of self-expanding foam system

components. 8.1.2 All components shall be listed for their intented use. 8.1.2.1 Where listings for components do not exist, components shall be approved.

8.2 Self-expanding Foam. 8.2.1 Quality. 8.2.1.1 Foam concentrate used to produce self-expanding foam shall be listed. 8.2.1.2 The water to produce self-expanding foam shall be fresh, hard or soft. 8.2.1.3 The quality of the self-expanding foam for proper performance under the installation requirements

of this standard shall be determined by suitable tests. 8.2.2 Quantity. The amount of foam in the system shall be at least sufficient for the largest single hazard

protected, or a group of hazards that are to be protected simultaneously. 8.2.3 Self-expanding Foam Pressure Vessels. 8.2.3.1 Self-expanding foam pressure vessels shall be of corrosion-protected and construction compatible

with the self-expanding foam. 8.2.3.2 Pressure vessels shall be designed, fabricated, inspected, certified and stamped in accordance

with Section VIII of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. 8.2.3.3 Pressure vessels shall not be located where they are subject to severe weather conditions or to

mechanical, chemical, or other damage. 8.2.3.4 Each pressure vessel shall be provided with a releasing device. 8.2.3.5 Markings shall be provided on the pressure vessels to identify the type of foam concentrate used to

produce self-expanding foam and its intended concentration. 8.2.3.6 Pressure vessels shall be supervised for high and low pressure. 8.2.4 Freeze protection. Self-expanding foam shall be protected against freezing where freezing

temperatures are expected. 8.2.5 Reserve Supply of Foam Concentrate. 8.2.5.1 A reserve supply of foam concentrate sufficient to meet system design requirements shall be

provided in order to put the system back into service after operation. 8.2.5.2 The reserve supply shall be in separate tanks or compartments, in drums or cans on the premises,

or available from an approved outside source within 24 hours. 8.2.6 Compatibility of Foam Concentrate. 8.2.6.1 Different types of foam concentrates shall not be used to produce self-expanding foam.


8.2.6.2 Different brands of the same type of concentrate shall not be used to produce self-expanding foam unless data are provided by the manufacturer to prove that they are compatible and are acceptable by the AHJ.

8.3 Distribution Systems. 8.3.1 Piping. Pipe shall be in accordance with 4.7.2. 8.3.2 Fittings. All pipe fittings shall be in accordance with 4.7.3.

8.4 Self-expanding Foam Introduction Device (foam ring). 8.4.1 Self-expanding Foam Introduction Device shall be permanently attached along the inner shell of a

tank, under the weak seam of a cone roof tank, and at the topmost point of an open-top floating roof tank to introduce self-expanding foam in a predetermined pattern.

8.5 Operation and Control Systems. 8.5.1 Operation and control systems shall be in accordance with Section 4.9.

8.6 System Types. 8.6.1 Self-expanding foam systems conforming to this chapter shall be fixed deluge-type systems with

semi-fixed supplementary protection means, wherein self-expanding foam shall introduce continuously from the self-expanding foam introduction device upon system activation.

8.6.2 The system shall be permitted to be designed to protect a single hazard or multiple hazards. 8.7 Installation of Automatic Detection. Automatic detection devices shall be installed in accordance

with NFPA72.


8.8 Design Criteria for Storage Tank Full Surface Area.

16,9

18,4

20

21,8

23,6

Minimum Application Rates and Maximum Introduction Times for Self-expanding Foam Introduction Device on Storage Tanks

Containing Hydrocarbons or Flammable and Combustible Liquids Requiring Alcohol-Resistant Foams

with Calculated Foam Blanket Thickness

15

16,4

17,9

19,5

14,2

15,5

Over 40 to 45 Over 131 to 147 0,18

Over 50 to 55 Over 164 to 180

Over 75 to 80

Over 80 to 85

Over 85 to 90

Over 90

Notes:

(1) SEFS applies superintensive application rates in a short introduction time. Longer appl ication time is allowable only with

additional Self-expanding Foam.

Over 295

Over 35 to 40

Over 45 to 50

Over 55 to 60

Over 60 to 65

Over 65 to 70

Over 70 to 75

Over 114 to 131

Over 147 to 164

Over 180 to 196

Over 196 to 213

Over 213 to 229

Over 229 to 246

Over 246 to 262

Over 262 to 278

Over 278 to 295

12,8

12,8

13,9

3

3

3

30,43

2

2

2

3

3

3

0,26

0,28

0,3

0,33

0,36

0,39

2

0,15

0,15

0,17

0,2

0,23

2

0,21 2

Foam Blanket

ThicknessTank Diameter Mimimum Application Rate Maximum

Introduction

Time (minutes)

2

L/min * m2

Over 30 to 35 Over 98 to 114

Up to 30 Up to 98

m ft m

8.9. System Flow Calculation. 8.9.1 General. Self-expanding foam flow involves a mixture of both hydraulic and pneumatic elements,

which shall be addressed together in the system design to preserve the foam bubble structure until foam is discharged on a hazard.

8.9.2 Self-expanding foam system piping lengths and configurations of fittings and introduction devices

shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s limitations. 8.10 Plans and Specifications. Plans and specifications shall be in accordance with Chapter 8. 8.11 Testing and Acceptance. Self-expanding foam systems shall be tested in accordance with

Chapter 11. 8.12 Maintenance. Self-expanding foam systems shall be maintaned in accordance with Chapter 12.

Unit Test No. 1

Test No. 2

Test No. 3

m² 500 500 500m 0.035 0.03 0.04m³ 17.5 15 20sec 30 26 25

l/min/m² 70 69.2 96n/a 5 4.42 4.6m³ 3.5 3.4 5.4

l/min/m² 14 15.7 20.9m 0.09 0.1 0.11

m³ 45 50 55.2m³ 9 9 12sec 109 105 118

m³/min 24.6 28.2 27.6m 25.2 25.2 25.2

m/min 24.6 28.8 30l/min/m² 10 10.3 12.2

Average foam volume floodTank diameterAverage penetration velocityAverage foam solution intensity

Average foam blanket thickness measured on total emissionFoam volume on total emissionTotal foam solution volumeTotal operating time

COLD FOAM TEST RESULTS

Foam intensity till blanket closingMeasured average expansion ratioFoam solution volume released till closingFoam solution intensity

Foam closing time

Measured and calculated features

Liquid surface of the storage tankAverage foam blanket thickness at closingPresent foam volume at closing



Public Input No. 11-NFPA 11-2012 [ Section No. 8.1 ]


8.1 * Approval of Plans.

Plans shall be submitted to the AHJ for approval before installation.


Text is not needed as the requirement is already covered in 8.3.2.





Committee Statement


Statement: 8.3.2 was deleted, as it was redundant to 8.1. (See FR 47.) 8.1 was revised torequire approval before modifications to existing systems, as previously required in8.3.2.

















8.2.3

The specifications shall include the specific tests required to meet the approval ofthe AHJ and shall indicate how testing costs are to be met .


Indicating how the cost of testing will take place offers no additional fire protection purpose but it does provide good information and therefore should s be included in the Annex for guidance.





Committee Statement


Statement: Indicating how the cost of testing will take place offers no additional fire protectionpurpose. However, the cost of testing must still be considered, so the deleted textwas moved to the Annex.














8.3.4




The plans shall include or be accompanied by the following information, whereapplicable:

(1) Name of owner and occupant.

(2) Location, including street address.

(3) Point of compass.

(4) Full height cross section, or schematic diagram, including structural memberinformation construction of dike and tank.

(5) Size of supply main and whether dead end or circulating; if dead end, directionand distance to nearest circulating main; and water flow test results and systemelevation relative to test hydrant.

(6) Other sources of water supply, with pressure or elevation.

(7) Make, type, and model of discharge devices including model number.

(8) Pipe type and schedule of wall thickness.

(9) Nominal pipe size and cutting lengths of pipe (or center to- centerdimensions).

(10) Type of fittings and joints and location of all welds and bends. The contractorshall specify on drawing any sections to be shop welded and the type of fittings orformations to be used.

(11) Type and locations of hangers, sleeves, braces, and methods of securingfoam chambers or other discharge devices when applicable.

(12) All control valves, check valves, drain pipes, and test connections.

(13) Piping provisions for flushing.

(14) For hydraulically designed systems, the information on the hydraulic datanameplate.

(15) A graphic representation of the scale used on all plans.

(16) Name and address of contractor.

(17) Hydraulic reference points shown on the plan that correspond with comparablereference points on the hydraulic calculation sheets.

(18) Information about backflow preventers (manufacturer, size, type).

(19) Size and location of hydrants, showing size and number of outlets and ifoutlets are to be equipped with independent gate valves. Whether hose houses andequipment are to be provided, and by whom, shall be indicated. Static and residualhydrants that were used in flow tests shall be shown.

(20) Size, location, and piping arrangement of fire department connections.

(21) Physical details of the hazard, including the location, arrangement, andhazardous materials involved

(22) Type and percentage of foam concentrate

(23) Required solution application rate



(24) Submergence volume calculations

(25) Water requirements

(26) Calculations specifying required amount of concentrate

(28) Calculation specifying required amount of air

(29) CAFS flow calculations report

(30) Identification and capacity of all equipment and devices

(31 Location of piping, detection devices, operating devices, generators, dischargeoutlets, and auxiliary equipment

(32) Schematic wiring diagram

(33) Explanation of any special features


Provides a more detailed list of items that should appear on installation plans and is consistent with that of other installation standards such as NFPA 13 & 14. Previously, no guidance for the content of hydraulic calculations was provided. The proposed text for hydraulic calculations is consistent with that of NFPA 13 & 14


Submitter Full Name:David Hague

Organization: Liberty Mutual Insurance

Submittal Date: Mon Sep 24 10:28:51 EDT 2012

Committee Statement


Statement: Provides a more detailed list of items that should appear on installation plans and isconsistent with that of other installation standards such as NFPA 13 & 14.Previously, no guidance for the content of hydraulic calculations was provided. Theproposed text for hydraulic calculations is consistent with that of NFPA 13 & 14


I, David Hague, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






assignment.

By checking this box I aff irm that I am David Hague, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright




(27) * Hydraulic calculations




NFPA 13 & 14.



8.3.4

The plans shall include or be accompanied by the following information, whereapplicable:

(1) Physical details of the hazard, including the location, arrangement, andhazardous materials involved

(2) Type and percentage of foam concentrate

(3) Required solution application rate

(4) Submergence volume calculations

(5) Water requirements

(6) Calculations specifying required amount of concentrate

(7)

(8) Calculation specifying required amount of air

(9) CAFS flow calculations report

(10) SEFS flow calculations report

(11) Self-expanding foam volume and foam blanket thickness calculations

(12) Identification and capacity of all equipment and devices

(13) Location of piping, detection devices, operating devices, generators,discharge outlets, and auxiliary equipment

(14) Schematic wiring diagram

(15) Explanation of any special features


These calculations are necessary for the proper design of the Self-expanding Foam System (SEFS).






* Hydraulic calculations



Committee Statement














8.3.8 Hydraulic Calculations.

8.3.8.1 General. Hydraulic calculations shall be prepared on

forms that include a summary sheet, detailed worksheets,

and a graph sheet.

8.3.8.2* Summary Sheet. The summary sheet shall contain the following information,where applicable:

(1) Date

(2) Location

(3) Name of owner and occupant

(4) Building number or other identification

(5) Description of hazard

(6) Name and address of contractor or designer

(7) Name of approving authority

(8) System design requirements, as follows:

(a) Design area of foam application, ft2 (m2)

(b) Minimum rate of foam

(c) Area per foam chamber or discharge device, ft2 (m2)




(9) Total foam requirements as calculated, including allowance

for inside hose, outside hydrants, and exposure protection (such as dike area protection)

8.3.8.3 Detailed Worksheets. Detailed worksheets or computer printout sheets shallcontain the following information:

(1) Sheet number

(2) Foam chamber or discharge device description and discharge constant (K)

(3) Hydraulic reference points

(4) Flow in gpm (L/min)

(5) Pipe size

(6) Pipe lengths, center-to-center of fittings

(7) Equivalent pipe lengths for fittings and devices

(8) Friction loss in psi/ft (bar/m) of pipe

(9) Total friction loss between reference points

(10) Elevation head in psi (bar) between reference points

(11) Required pressure in psi (bar) at each reference point

(12) Notes to indicate starting points or reference to other sheets or to clarify data shown

8.3.8.4 Graph Sheet. A graphic representation of the complete hydraulic calculation shall

be plotted on semi-exponential graph paper (Q 1.85) and shall include the following:

(1) Water supply curve

(2) Foam system demand

(3) Hose allowance (where applicable)


Provides a more detailed list of items that should appear on installation plans and is consistent with that of other installation standards such as NFPA 13 & 14. Previously, no guidance for the content of hydraulic calculations was provided. The proposed text for hydraulic calculations is consistent with that of NFPA 13 & 14





Committee Statement


Statement: Provides a more detailed list of items that should appear on installation plans and is



consistent with that of other installation standards such as NFPA 13 & 14.Previously, no guidance for the content of hydraulic calculations was provided. Theproposed text for hydraulic calculations is consistent with that of NFPA 13 & 14








assignment.






NFPA 13 & 14.





11.2.5.3 All self-expanding foam system piping interiors shall be carefullyvisually examined and, if necessary, cleaned during installation of thepipe.

11.2.5.4 Self-expanding foam system piping shall be flushed afterinstallation. The foam flow cannot face any obstacle in the piping system.


The way of the foam flow shall be unobstructed by the residues of the installation.





Committee Statement













Public Input No. 20-NFPA 11-2012 [ Section No. 11.5 ]


11.5 Operating Tests.




11.5.1

Before approval acceptance , all operating devices and equipment shall be testedfor function.

11.5.2

Tests for total flooding systems shall establish that all automatic closing devicesfor doors, windows, and conveyor openings, and automatic equipment interlocks,as well as automatic opening of heat and smoke vents or ventilators, will functionupon system operation.

11.5.3

Tests shall include a complete check of electrical control circuits and supervisorysystems to ensure operation and supervision in the event of failure.

11.5.

4 Operating

4.1 The main drain valve shall be opened and remain open until the systempressure stabilizes.

11.5.4.1.1 The static and residual pressures shall be recorded on thecontractor’s material and test certificate.

11.5.5 Operating Test for Control Valves. All control valves shall be fullyclosed and opened under system water pressure to ensure proper operation.

11.5.6

Operating instructions provided by the supplier and device identification shall beverified.


Inserts the word “acceptance” since this is an acceptance test and plans and calculations should already be approved. Adds the main drain test and valve operating test and is consistent with NFPA 13. The main drain test results should be recorded as is the case for acceptance tests of other water based systems to provide for future evaluation of the water supply condition. This test also verifies that the water supply control valves are open. Closed water supply valves are a significant contributor to system failures including new systems. The operating test for control valves verifies that valves will properly seat following operation.





Committee Statement


Statement: Inserts the word “acceptance” since this is an acceptance test and plans andcalculations should already be approved. Adds the water supply test and valveoperating test and is consistent with NFPA 13. The water supply test results shouldbe recorded as is the case for acceptance tests of other water based systems toprovide for future evaluation of the water supply condition. This test also verifies thatthe water supply control valves are open. Closed water supply valves are asignificant contributor to system failures including new systems. The operating test



for control valves verifies that valves will properly seat following operation.








assignment.






NFPA 13.





11.6.2.2 For self-expanding foam systems, the following data shall be recorded aspart of any foam test:

(1) Self-expanding foam pressure vessel pressure

(2) System pressure at the control valve

(3) Self-expanding foam concentration


These data are necessary to collect ensuring proper system operation.





Committee Statement














11.6.5 .....If a realistic test using water and foam concentrate could be done with theproportioning device like a coupled water motor driven proportioning pump without feedingthe foam concentrate into water flow this test method should be preferred to avoid anyenvironmental impact caused by the foam concentrates.










Committee Statement


Statement: The committee seeks to establish the use of alternative test methods, which haveenvironmental advantages over testing with foam concentrate. New material isprovided in Annex D to describe those methods. See attachment for new Annex Amaterial.








assignment.













11.6.4

Foam concentration shall have one of the following proportions:

Not less than the rated concentration

No more than 30 percent above the rated concentrate, or 1 percentage pointabove the rated concentration (whichever is less)

The foam concentrate induction rate of a proportioner, expressed as a percentageof the foam solution flow (water plus foam concentrate), shall be within minus 0percent to plus 30 percent of the manufacturer's listed concentration, or plus 1percentage point, whichever is less (For information on tests for physicalproperties of foam, see Annex D .)


The revision will provide clarity to the criteria for acceptance by identifying the specific tolerance range for the concentration. This range for acceptance is based upon the type of concentration being inducted. The current wording is confusing such that it can be inferred there are discrete allowable set points for acceptance that varies based upon the type of proportioning. EMERGENCY NATURE: This change must be added since it has come to the attention of the committee that the current wording is confusing and would permit an Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) to accept a foam system that inducts or proportions foam concentrate at a concentration that would violate the listing.


Submitter Full Name:Robert Kasiski

Organization: FM Global


Committee Statement


Statement: The revision will provide clarity to the criteria for acceptance by identifying thespecific tolerance range for the concentration. This range for acceptance is basedupon the type of concentration being inducted. The current wording is confusingsuch that it can be inferred there are discrete allowable set points for acceptancethat varies based upon the type of proportioning.


I, Robert Kasiski, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am Robert Kasiski, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright


*








Public Input No. 17-NFPA 11-2012 [ New Section after 11.7 ]

Insert new Figure 11.7 Contractors Material and Test Certificate.



Open

CONTRACTORS_MATERIALS_TEST_CERTIFICATE_for_Low-Expansion_Foam.pdf

Contractors Materials & Test Certificate


A test form is needed to document the acceptance test results.





Committee Statement


Statement: New annex material for 11.7(3). A sample test form is provided to document theacceptance test results in accordance with NFPA 3 & 4.








assignment.






NFPA 13.


http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/XmlImageManager?objId=/TerraView/Content/11-2010.ditamap/2/C1348496754599.xml:=root&imageId=CONTRACTORS_MATERIALS_TEST_CERTIFICATE_for_Low-Expansion_Foam.G1348496842158.pdf&altImageId=G1348496842158

Contractor's Material and Test Certificate for Low-Expansion Foam

PROCEDURE Upon completion of work, inspection and tests shall be made by the contractor's representative and witnessed by an owner's representative. All defects shall be corrected and system left in service before contractor's personnel finally leave the job.

A certificate shall be filled out and signed by both representatives. Copies shall be prepared for approving authorities, owners and contractor. It is understood the owner's representative's signature in no way prejudices any claim against contractor for faulty material, poor workmanship, or failure to comply with approving authority's requirements or local ordinances. PROPERTY NAME DATE

PROPERTY ADDRESS

ACCEPTED BY APPROVING AUTHORITY('S) NAMES 1 2 3 ADDRESS 1 2 3 INSTALLATION CONFORMS TO ACCEPTED PLANS EQUIPMENT USED IS APPROVED IF NO, EXPLAIN DEVIATIONS

HAS PERSON IN CHARGE OF FIRE EQUIPMENT BEEN INSTRUCTED AS TO LOCATION OF CONTROL VALVES AND CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF THIS NEW EQUIPMENT? IF NO, EXPLAIN

PLANS

YES YES

NO NO

YES NO

INSTRUCTIONS HAVE COPIES OF THE FOLLOWING BEEN LEFT ON THE PREMISES? 1. SYSTEM COMPONENTS INSTRUCTIONS 2. CARE AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS 3. NFPA 25

4. WITH WHOM HAVE THE COPIES BEEN LEFT? SUPPLIES BUILDINGS SQUARE FOOTAGE

YES YES YES

NO NO NO

LOCATION OF SYSTEM

TOTAL SQUARE FOOTAGE

Make Model Year of Manufacture

Orifice Size Quantity

Other

DISCHARGE DEVICES

PIPE AND FITTINGS

ALARM VALVE OR FLOW INDICATOR

Type of Pipe Type of Fittings

Alarm Device

Type Make Size Model

Maximum Time to Operate Through Test Connection

Min. Sec.

Dry Valve Make Size Model Serial No. Type

Accelerator Exhauster

Make Q.O.D.

Size Model Serial No.

DRY PIPE OPERATING TEST

Time to Trip Thru Test Connection

Min. Without Q.O.D. With Q.O.D. IF NO, EXPLAIN

Sec.

Water Pressure

PSI

Air Pressure

PSI

Trip Point Air Pressure

PSI

Time Water Reached Test Outlet 1

Min. Sec.

Alarm Operated Properly

Yes No

OPERATION PIPING SUPERVISED

PNEUMATIC YES

ELECTRIC NO

HYDRAULIC DETECTING MEDIA SUPERVISED YES

YES NO NO

DELUGE & PREACTION VALVES

DOES VALVE OPERATE FROM THE MANUAL TRIP, REMOTE, OR BOTH CONTROL STATIONS IS THERE AN ACCESSIBLE FACILITY IF NO, EXPLAIN IN EACH CIRCUIT FOR TESTING?

YES

Make

NO

Model Does Each Circuit Operate Supervision Loss Alarm

Yes No

Does Each Circuit Operate Valve Release

Yes No

Maximum Time to Operate Release

Min. Sec.

BACKFLOW PREVENTERS

Make Model Size

FOAM

TEST DESCRIPTION

HYDROSTATIC: Hydrostatic tests shall be made at not less than 200 psi (13.6 bars) for 2 hours or 50 psi (3.4 bars) above static pressure in excess of 150 psi (10.2 bars) for 2 hours. Differential dry-pipe valve clappers shall be left open during the test to prevent damage. All aboveground piping leakage shall be stopped. Maximum Static Pressure.

PNEUMATIC: Establish 40 psi (2.7 bars) air pressure and measure drop, which shall not exceed 1 1/2 psi (0.1 bars) in 24 hours. Test pressure tanks at normal water level and air pressure and measure air pressure drop, which shall not exceed 1 1/2 psi (0.1 bars) in 24 hours.

ALL PIPING HYDROSTATICALLY TESTED AT DRY PIPING PNEUMATICALLY TESTED EQUIPMENT OPERATES PROPERLY

PSI ( YES YES

BARS) FOR NO NO

HRS. IF NO, STATE REASON

DO YOU CERTIFY AS THE SPRINKLER CONTRACTOR THAT ADDITIVES AND CORROSIVE CHEMICALS, SODIUM SILICATE OR DERIVATIVES OF SODIUM SILICATE, BRINE, OR OTHER CORROSIVE CHEMICALS WERE NOT USED FOR TESTING SYSTEMS OR STOPPING LEAKS? YES NO

TESTS READING OF GAUGE LOCATED NEAR WATER SUPPLY TEST RESIDUAL PRESSURE WITH VALVE IN TEST PIPE OPEN WIDE DRAIN TEST CONNECTION: PSI ( BARS) PSI ( BARS) Underground mains and lead in connections to system risers flushed before connection made to sprinkler piping.

VERIFIED BY COPY OF THE U FORM NO. 85B FLUSHED BY INSTALLER OF UNDER- GROUND SPRINKLER PIPING

IF POWDER-DRIVEN FASTENERS ARE USED IN CONCRETE, HAS REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE TESTING BEEN SATISFACTORILY COMPLETED?

YES

YES

YES

NO

NO IF NO, EXPLAIN

NO

OTHER EXPLAIN

1 MEASURED FROM TIME INSPECTOR'S TEST CONNECTION IS OPENED.

High Flow Rate _________ gpm @ _____ psi Results fall within -0% to +30% for balanced pressure system: □ Yes □ No Low Flow Rate ______ gpm @ _____ psi Results fall within -0% to +30% for balanced pressure system: □ Yes □ No For positive pressure systems with pump or pressure controlled bladder tank and in- line balanced pressure type proportioning systems: -0% to +30% or greater: □ Yes □ No Foam concentrate induction rate -0% to +30% of manufacturers listed induction rate or 1 percentage point whichever is less at listed flow rates: □ Yes □ No Balanced pressure proportioning systems produce the minimum percentage of manufacturers requirements -0% at minimum listed flow rate: □ Yes □ No Positive pressure proportioning with pumps or pressure-controlled bladder tanks produce the maximum percentage of manufacturers requirement +30% or 1 percentage point whichever is less at the minimum listed flow rate: □ Yes □ No Variable pressure orifice type proportioners produce the percentage is -0% to +30% or 1 percentage point whichever is less: □ Yes □ No Foam discharge was collected and disposed of properly: □ Yes □ No Approved simulated foam concentrates were used for this test: □ Yes □ No Type _____________________________ All foam residue was removed from the piping system by flushing with clean water: □ Yes □ No

BLANK TESTING NUMBER USED LOCATIONS GASKETS

WELDED PIPING YES NO

IF YES . . . DO YOU CERTIFY AS THE SPRINKLER CONTRACTOR THAT WELDING PROCEDURES COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF AT LEAST AWS B2.1?

NUMBER REMOVED

YES NO

WELDING DO YOU CERTIFY THAT THE WELDING WAS PERFORMED BY WELDERS QUALIFIED IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF AT LEAST AWS B2.1?

DO YOU CERTIFY THAT WELDING WAS CARRIED OUT IN COMPLIANCE WITH A DOCUMENTED QUALITY CONTROL PROCEDURE TO ENSURE THAT ALL DISCS ARE RETRIEVED, THAT OPENINGS IN PIPING ARE SMOOTH, THAT SLAG AND OTHER WELDING RESIDUE ARE REMOVED, AND THAT THE INTERNAL DIAMETERS OF PIPING ARE NOT PENETRATED?

YES NO

YES NO

HYDRAULIC

DATA

NAMEPLATE

CUTOUTS (DISCS)

DO YOU CERTIFY THAT YOU HAVE A CONTROL FEATURE TO ENSURE THAT ALL CUTOUTS (DISCS) ARE RETRIEVED?

NAMEPLATE PROVIDED YES NO

IF NO, EXPLAIN

YES NO

DATE LEFT IN SERVICE WITH ALL CONTROL VALVES OPEN:

REMARKS

NAME OF SPRINKLER CONTRACTOR ADDRESS

PHONE FAX

SIGNATURES FOR PROPERTY OWNER (SIGNED)

TESTS WITNESSED BY TITLE DATE

FOR SPRINKLER CONTRACTOR (SIGNED) TITLE DATE

ADDITIONAL EXPLANATION AND NOTES




12.7 Self-Expanding Foam Inspection

12.7.1 At least annually, an inspection shall be made of self-expanding foamand its pressure vessels for evidence of excessive sludging or deterioration.

12.7.2 Samples of self-expanding foam shall be taken for quality conditiontesting.

12.7.3 Quantity of self-expanding foam in pressure vessel shall meet designrequirements.


Regular inspection of the self-expanding foam shall be carried out in order to ensure that the extinguishing foam is in ready-to-use condition.





Committee Statement

















TITLE OF NEW CONTENT

Type your content here ...

Insert new Chapter 13 from attached file


Dry Foam is a new technology that performs very similar to traditional water based foam as it creates a vapor barrier between the flammable liquid and air space above. It has demonstrated results and particularly where it is applied in-situ as a floating vapor barrier where it suppresses vapors ~99% as well as prevents fires. The problem of traditional foams is where water is scarce or where extremely low temperatures e.g. the arctic preclude the storage of large volumes of water plus the complexity necessary with water based foams to avoid freezing. Dry foam solves this prolem since it does not require water and if applied in-situ it will prevent a flammable liquid fire in the most extreme conditions. It is inert and does not contain hazardous materials and can remain in place for years suppressing vapors. The same formulation can be used on multiple fuels including both polar and non-polar flammable liquids. It also has applications on cryogenic liquids e.g. LNG.

The passive nature if applied in-situ and the simplicity of operation makes it ideal where water based foams prove difficult or unworkable.


Submitter Full Name:Joe Riordan

Organization: Alyeska Pipeline aka The Trans-Alaska Pipeline

Submittal Date: Sat Nov 24 14:38:13 EST 2012

Committee Statement

Resolution: This technology, though potentially viable and important, does not belong in NFPA11, Standard on Low-, Medium-, and High- Expansion Foam. This standard revolvesaround the delivery of foam to a fire and the equipment that facilitates that activity.The proposed technology is not an active system. In addition, the product does notmeet the definition of a “foam”. This committee encourages the submitter to requesta new NFPA standard or to submit this technology to NFPA 30.


I, Joe Riordan, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am Joe Riordan, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright







Public Input No. 34-NFPA 11-2012 [ New Section after A.3.2.2 ]

See also Annex A figure A.3.3.23.2(c).

******Insert Figure A.3.3.23.2(c) Here******



Open 11_L5_Fig_A.3.3.23.2_c_R.docx Figure A.3.3.23.2(c)







Committee Statement










assignment.

http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/XmlImageManager?objId=/TerraView/Content/11-2010.ditamap/2/C1354821120150.xml:=root&imageId=11_L5_Fig_A.3.3.23.2_c_R.G1354821169820.docx&altImageId=G1354821169820










F2014_NFPA 11_Log #5_Figure A.3.3.23.2(c)_R



Public Input No. 13-NFPA 11-2012 [ New Section after A.8.1 ]

A.8.2.3 The specifications required to meet the approval of the AHJ shouldindicate how testing costs are to be met.


Indicating how the cost of testing will take place offers no additional fire protection purpose but it does provide good information and therefore should s be included in the Annex for guidance.

Related Public Inputs for This Document

Related Input Relationship

Open Public Input No. 12-NFPA 11-2012 [Section No. 8.2.3]





Committee Statement


Statement: Indicating how the cost of testing will take place offers no additional fire protectionpurpose. However, the cost of testing must still be considered, so the deleted textwas moved to the Annex.















Public Input No. 36-NFPA 11-2012 [ New Section after A.11.6 ]

A.11.6.4 The rate of concentrate flow can be measured by timing a given displacementfrom the storage tank. Solution concentration can be measured by either refractometric orconductivity means (see Section D.2), or it can be calculated from solution andconcentrate flow rates. Solution flow rates can be calculated by utilizing recorded inlet orend-of-system operating pressures or both.


Note: This Public Input originates from Tentative Interim Amendment 11-10-1 (TIA 973) issued by the Standards Council on March 3, 2010. The revision will provide clarity to the criteria for acceptance by identifying the specific tolerance range for the concentration. This range for acceptance is based upon the type of concentration being inducted. The current wording is confusing such that it can be inferred there are discrete allowable set points for acceptance that varies based upon the type of proportioning. EMERGENCY NATURE: This change must be added since it has come to the attention of the committee that the current wording is confusing and would permit an Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) to accept a foam system that inducts or proportions foam concentrate at a concentration that would violate the listing.


Submitter Full Name:Robert Kasiski

Organization: FM Global

Submittal Date: Fri Dec 07 09:11:19 EST 2012

Committee Statement


Statement: This information has been incorporated into the new D.5 (see FR 43).


I, Robert Kasiski, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am Robert Kasiski, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright







Public Input No. 41-NFPA 11-2013 [ Section No. F.2 ]


F.2 Scope.

The information provided in this section covers foams for Class B combustible andflammable liquid fuel fires. Foams for this purpose include protein foam,fluoroprotein foam, film-forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP), and synthetic foamssuch as aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF).

This section is primarily concerned with the discharge of foam solutions towastewater treatment facilities and to the environment. The discharge of foamconcentrates, while a related subject, is a much less common occurrence. Allmanufacturers of foam concentrate deal with clean-up and disposal of spilledconcentrate in their MSDS sheets and product literature. Disposal of foamconcentrates is also addressed in F.9.5.


The change would direct the reader to more information on the disposal of foam concentrates.


Submitter Full Name:TOM CORTINA

Organization: Cortina Environmental Consulting

Affilliation: Fire Fighting Foam Coalition


Committee Statement


Statement: The new sentence directs the reader to more information on the disposal of foamconcentrates.


I, TOM CORTINA, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am TOM CORTINA, and I agree to be legally bound by the above









F.3 Discharge Scenarios.

A discharge of foam water solution is most likely to be the result of one of fourscenarios:

(1) Manual fire-fighting or fuel-blanketing operations

(2) Training

(3) Foam equipment system and vehicle tests

(4) Fixed system releases

These four scenarios include events occurring at such places as aircraft facilities,fire fighter training facilities, and special hazards facilities (such asflammable/hazardous warehouses, bulk flammable liquid storage facilities, andhazardous waste storage facilities). Each scenario is considered separately inF.3.1 through F.3.4.

F.3.1 Fire-Fighting Operations.

Fires occur in many types of locations and under many different circumstances. Insome cases, it is possible to collect the foam solution used; and in others, such asin marine fire fighting, it is not. These types of incidents include aircraft rescue andfire-fighting operations, vehicular fires (i.e., cars, boats, train cars), structural fireswith hazardous materials, and flammable liquid fires. Foam water solution that hasbeen used in fire-fighting operations will probably be heavily contaminated with thefuel or fuels involved in the fire. It is also likely to have been diluted with waterdischarged for cooling purposes.

In some cases, the foam solution used during fire department operations can becollected. However, it is not always possible to control or contain the foam. Thiscan be a consequence of the location of the incident or the circumstancessurrounding it.

Event-initiated manual containment measures are the operations usually executedby the responding fire department to contain the flow of foam water solution whenconditions and manpower permit. Those operations include the following measures:

(1) Blocking sewer drains: this is a common practice used to preventcontaminated foam water solution from entering the sewer systemunchecked. It is then diverted to an area suitable for containment.

(2) Portable dikes: these are generally used for land-based operations. They canbe set up by the fire department personnel during or after extinguishment tocollect run-off.

(3) Portable booms: these are used for marine-based operations, which are setup to contain foam in a defined area. These generally involve the use offloating booms within a natural body of water.



F.3.2 Training.

Training is normally There are specially designed training foams available frommost foam manufacturers that simulate AFFF during live training but do not containfluorosurfactants. These foams are normally biodegradable, have minimalenvironmental impact, and can be safely sent for treatment to the local wastewatertreatment plant. Because they do not contain fluorosurfactants, training foams alsohave reduced burn back resistance that allows for more repeat fire trainingsessions. Fire fighters and other foam users should work with the Authority HavingJurisdiction (AHJ) to ensure that the use of training foams meets all local andapplication-specific live training requirements. In some cases training foams canalso be used as a substitute for AFFF in vehicle and equipment testing.

Training should be conducted under circumstances conducive to the collection ofspent foam. Some fire training facilities have had elaborate systems designed andconstructed to collect foam solution, separate it from the fuel, treat it, and — insome cases — re-use the treated water. At a minimum, most fire training facilitiescollect the foam solution for discharge to a wastewater treatment facility.

Training can include the use of special training foams or actual fire-fighting foams.Training facility design should include a containment system.

The wastewater treatment facility should first be notified and should givepermission for the agent to be released at a prescribed rate.

F.3.3 System Tests.

Testing primarily involves engineered, fixed foam fire-extinguishing systems. Twotypes of tests are conducted on foam systems: acceptance tests, conductedpursuant to installation of the system; and maintenance tests, usually conductedannually to ensure the operability of the system. These tests can be arranged topose no hazard to the environment. It is possible to test some systems using wateror other nonfoaming, environmentally acceptable liquids in the place of foamconcentrates if the AHJ permits such substitutions.

In the execution of both When foam must be used for acceptance andmaintenance tests, only a small amount of foam concentrate should be dischargedto verify the correct concentration of foam in the foam water solution. Designatedfoam water test ports can be designed into the piping system so that the dischargeof foam water solution can be directed to a controlled location. The controlledlocation can consist of a portable tank that would be transported to an approveddisposal site by a licensed contractor. The remainder of the acceptance test andmaintenance test should be conducted using Containment, transportation, anddisposal of the foam solution as well as foam concentrate replacement can becostly. Portions of the acceptance and ongoing maintenance testing do not requirethe proportioning system to operate and those parts can be accomplished bydischarging only water.

F.3.4 Fixed 5 Fixed System Releases.

This type of release is generally uncontrolled, whether the result of a fire incident ora malfunction in the system. The foam solution discharge in this type of scenariocan be dealt with by event-initiated operations or by engineered containmentsystems. Event-initiated operations encompass the same temporary measures thatwould be taken during fire department operations: portable dikes, floating booms,and so forth. Engineered containment would be based mainly on the location andtype of facility, and would consist of holding tanks or areas where the contaminatedfoam water solution would be collected, treated, and sent to a wastewatertreatment facility at a prescribed rate.




Expand the discharge scenarios to include vehicle tests. Promote the use of non-fluorosurfactant training foams in order to reduce discharges of AFFF.



Organization: CORTINA ENV CONSULTING



Committee Statement


Statement: Promote the use of non-fluorosurfactant training foams in order to reducedischarges of AFFF.















Public Input No. 43-NFPA 11-2013 [ New Section after F.3.3 ]


Type your content here ...



Open F.3.3.1.docx New section F.3.3.1


Add additional information and promote the use of alternative fluids for foam testing in order to reduce discharges of foam to the environment.






Committee Statement


Statement: The committee seeks to establish the use of alternative test methods, which haveenvironmental advantages over testing with foam concentrate. New material isprovided in Annex D to describe those methods.













http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/XmlImageManager?objId=/TerraView/Content/11-2010.ditamap/2/C1357235337566.xml:=root&imageId=F.3.3.1.G1357235658470.docx&altImageId=G1357235658470

F.3.3.1 Surrogate Liquid Test Methods

The major focus when evaluating foam system performance is to confirm proper function of the foam proportioning system. This is done by conducting a foam injection rate test. This testing can now be done using surrogate non-foaming environmentally acceptable test liquids in lieu of AFFF discharge. The surrogate test liquids are specifically formulated to simulate the flow behavior (viscosity characteristics) and approximate conductivity of the foam concentrate used in the system.

In addition to surrogate test liquids, the new method employs laptop computer-based data acquisition instrumentation and software to enable fast “on line real time” data monitoring and recording. Typically measurements include conductivity (translates to percent injection rate) of the proportioned solution stream, system flow rate, and several pressures on the proportioning system. Conductivity and flow are measured by means of in-line electronic instrumentation installed in flow tubes that are placed between fire hose sections on the test outlet side of the proportioning system. Pressure transducers are temporarily installed at strategic locations where measurements are desired. All instrumentation is connected to the laptop computer-based data acquisition system by means of shielded watertight cables. This test setup arrangement enables proportioning system performance to be viewed and recorded in real time as the system operates. Using this method system performance data can be gathered in less than 1 minute of system discharge. Since all data is recorded electronically it is possible to generate graphs and charts showing system performance from start to finish of test. Below is an example of a typical graph that is generated from the recorded data.

Plot of Real Time Test Data Gathered From Surrogate Liquid Injection Rate Test

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NFPA 11 PI #43

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For initial system commissioning the surrogate liquid can be placed directly in the foam system tank for injection rate tests and then flushed out before filling the tank with foam concentrate. After the system has been filled with foam concentrate it can still be tested using a surrogate test liquid but installation of some additional connections on the proportioning system piping are required. These additional connections enable the surrogate test liquid to be injected into the proportioning system in place of the foam concentrate already in the foam storage tank. Since there are many different types of proportioning systems the test set up arrangement varies according to the system type.

Following are illustrations of surrogate liquid test setup arrangements for various types of the most commonly used proportioning systems.

Figure 1 Bladder Tank Proportioning System (Containing Foam) Setup for Surrogate Liquid Type Test

Figure 2 – In-Line Balanced Pressure (Pump Type) System Using Surrogate Liquid Method

Figure 3 - Balanced Pressure Pump System Using Surrogate Liquid Method



Public Input No. 44-NFPA 11-2013 [ New Section after F.3.3 ]


Type your content here ...F.3.3.2 Water Equivalency Method

In some cases water can be used as a surrogate liquid in place of foam. This is generallycalled the “water equivalency method” since a correction factor (to account for viscositydifferences between foam and water) is applied to the water flow rate to make it equivalentto the foam concentrate flow rate. When using this method, flow meter measurements onthe water and foam concentrate sides of the system are compared to determine theinjection rate. The simulated foam concentrate (using water in place of foam) flow rate ismultiplied by a correction factor to account for the flow rate difference between foamconcentrate and water. This corrected flow rate is divided by the total system flow rate todetermine the foam injection rate percentage. While this practice may work on somesystems, water does not replicate the viscosity characteristics of most AR-AFFF foamconcentrates. These foams are non-Newtonian type liquids (do not behave like water) thatexhibit pseudo plastic or thixotropic behavior. These terms refer to liquids whose viscositychanges dramatically depending on flow rate through a given sized pipe.

F.3.4 Vehicle Tests

ARFF and municipal fire fighting vehicles are required to go through periodic foam nozzledischarge tests to ensure proper function of their foam proportioning system. Traditionally,these tests have been done by discharging foam solution with all of the associated issuesinvolved in containment and disposal. New technology is now available to enable testingthese vehicles using water or a water based surrogate liquid containing an environmentallybenign biodegradable dye. The dye in the surrogate test liquid can be detected in theproportioned solution stream by means of colorimeter instrumentation. When water isused as the surrogate test liquid a flow meter system measures the water injection rate.


Same as 43.






Committee Statement


Statement: The committee seeks to establish the use of alternative test methods, which haveenvironmental advantages over testing with foam concentrate. New material isprovided in Annex D to describe those methods.














Public Input No. 45-NFPA 11-2013 [ Section No. F.4.1 ]


F.4.1 Facilities Without Engineered Containment.

Given the absence of any past requirements to provide containment, many existingfacilities simply allow the foam water solution to flow out of the building andevaporate into the atmosphere or percolate into the ground. The choices forcontainment of foam water solution at such facilities fall into two categories: event-initiated manual containment measures and installation of engineered containmentsystems.

Selection of the appropriate choice is dependent on the location of the facility, therisk to the environment, the risk of an automatic system discharge, the frequencyof automatic system discharges, and any applicable rules or regulations.

“Event-initiated manual containment measures” will be the most likely course ofaction for existing facilities without engineered containment systems. This can fallunder the responsibility of the responding fire department and include suchmeasures as blocking storm sewers, constructing temporary dikes, and deployingfloating booms. The degree of such measures will primarily be dictated by locationas well as available resources and manpower.

The “installation installation of " engineered containment systems” is a possiblechoice for existing facilities. Retrofitting an engineered containment system iscostly and can adversely affect facility operations. There are special cases,however, that can warrant the design and installation of such systems. Such actionis a consideration where an existing facility is immediately adjacent to a naturalbody of water and has a high frequency of activation.


Editorial correction.









Committee Statement


Statement: Editorial correction.















Public Input No. 46-NFPA 11-2013 [ Section No. F.8 [Excluding any Sub-

Sections] ]


Federal (U.S.), state, and local environmental jurisdictions have certain chemicalreporting requirements that apply to chemical constituents within foamconcentrates. In addition, there are also requirements that apply to the flammableliquids to which the foams are being applied. For example, according to the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the guidelines in F.8.1 through F.8.4must be adhered to followed .








Committee Statement

















Public Input No. 47-NFPA 11-2013 [ Section No. F.8.1 ]


F.8.1

Releases of ethylene glycol in excess of 5000 lb are reportable under Sections102(b) and 103(a) of U.S. EPA Comprehensive Environmental ResponseCompensation & Liability Act (CERCLA). Ethylene glycol is generally commonlyused as a freeze-point suppressant in many foam concentrates.








Committee Statement



















F.9 Environmental Properties of Hydrocarbon Surfactants andFluorochemical Surfactants.

Fire-fighting foam agents contain surfactants. Surfactants or surface active agentsare compounds that reduce the surface tension of water. They have both a strongly“water-loving” portion and a strongly “water-avoiding” portion.

Dish soaps, laundry detergents, and personal health care products such asshampoos are common household products that contain hydrocarbon surfactants.

Fluorochemical surfactants are similar in composition to hydrocarbon surfactants;however, a portion of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine atoms.Unlike chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and some other volatile fluorocarbons,fluorochemical surfactants are not ozone depleting and are not restricted by theMontreal Protocol or related regulations. Fluorochemical surfactants also have noeffect on global warming or climate change. AFFF, fluoroprotein foam, and FFFPare foam liquid concentrates that contain fluorochemical surfactants.

There are environmental concerns with use of surfactants that should be kept inmind when these products are used for extinguishing fires or for fire training. Theseconcerns are as follows:

(1) All surfactants have a certain level of aquatic toxicity.

(2) Surfactants used in fire-fighting foams cause foaming.

(3) Surfactants used in fire-fighting foams can be persistent. (This is especiallytrue of the fluorine-containing portion of fluorochemical surfactants.)

(4) Surfactants can be mobile in the environment. They can move withmigrate with water in aquatic ecosystems and leach through soil in terrestrialecosystems.

F.9.1 through F.9.5 explain what each of these properties mean and what theproperties mean in terms of how these compounds should be handled.

F.9.1 Toxicity of Surfactants.

Fire-fighting agents, used responsibly and following Material Safety Data Sheetinstructions, pose little toxicity risk to people. However, some toxicity does exist.The toxicity of the surfactants in fire-fighting foams, including the fluorochemicalsurfactants, is a reason to prevent unnecessary exposure to people and to theenvironment. It is a reason to contain and treat all fire-fighting foam wasteswhenever feasible. One should always make plans to contain wastes from trainingexercises and to treat them following according to the suppliers' disposalrecommendations as well as the requirements of local authorities.

Water that foams when shaken due to contamination from fire-fighting foam shouldnot be ingested. Even when foaming is not present, it is prudent to evaluate thelikelihood of drinking water supply contamination and to use alternate watersources until one is certain that surfactant concentrations of concern no longerexist. Suppliers of fire-fighting foams should be able to assist in evaluating thehazard and in recommending laboratories that can do appropriate analysis whennecessary.



F.9.2 Surfactants and Foaming.

Many surfactants can cause foaming at very low concentrations. This can causeaesthetic problems in rivers and streams, and both aesthetic and operationalproblems in sewers and wastewater treatment systems. When too much fire-fighting foam is discharged at one time once to a wastewater treatment system,serious foaming can occur. The bubbles of foam that form in the treatment systemcan trap and bring flocks of the activated sludge that treat the water in thetreatment system to the surface. If the foam blows off the surface of the treatmentsystem, it leaves a black or brown sludge residue where the foam lands and breaksdown.

If too much of the activated sludge is physically removed from the treatmentsystem in foam, the operation of the treatment system can be impaired. Otherwaste passing through the system will then be incompletely treated until theactivated sludge concentration again accumulates. For this reason, the rate of fire-fighting foam solution discharged to a treatment system has to be controlled.Somewhat higher discharge rates can be possible when antifoaming or defoamingagents are used. Foam concentrate suppliers can be contacted for guidance ondischarge rates and effective antifoaming or defoaming agents.

F.9.3 Persistence of Surfactants.

Surfactants can biodegrade slowly and/or only partially biodegrade. Thefluorochemical surfactants are known to be very resistant to chemical andbiochemical degradation. This means that, while the non-fluorochemical portion ofthese surfactants can break down, the fluorine-containing portion can likely remain.This means that after fire-fighting foam wastes are fully treated, the residual wasteresidual could still form some foam when shaken. It could also still have sometoxicity to aquatic organisms if not sufficiently diluted.

F.9.4 Mobility of Surfactants.

Tests and experience have shown that some surfactants or their residues canleach through at least some soil types. The resistance of some surfactants tobiodegradation makes the mobility of such surfactants a potential concern. While areadily degradable biodegradable compound is likely to degrade as it leachesthrough soil, this won't will not happen to all surfactants. Thus, if allowed to soakinto the ground, surfactants that don't become bound do not bind to soilcomponents can eventually reach groundwater or flow out of the ground into surfacewater. If adequate dilution has not occurred, surfactants can cause foaming orconcerns about toxicity. Therefore, it is inappropriate to allow training waste tocontinually seep into soil, especially in areas where water resources could becontaminated.



F.9.5 Environmental Regulation of Fluorochemical Surfactants.

Fluorochemical surfactants and related fluorochemical polymers are used in manyapplications besides fire-fighting foams, including paper and packaging, textiles,leather and carpet treatment, and coatings. Some of these fluorochemicals and/ortheir persistent degradation products have been found in living organisms, whichhas drawn the concern of environmental authorities worldwide and led to bothregulatory and nonregulatory actions to reduce emissions. The focus of theseactions has been on fluorochemicals that contain eight carbons (C8) or more, suchas PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonate) and PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid).

3M used a unique process to manufacture the fluorochemical surfactants containedin its fire-fighting foams. This process is called electrochemical fluorination (ECF),and fluorochemicals produced by this process both contain and degrade intoPFOS. 3M stopped the manufacture of PFOS-based foams in 2002, andregulations in the United States (U.S.), Canada, and the European Union (EU) actas a ban on new production. EPA regulations do not restrict the use of old stocksof PFOS foam in the U.S. Regulations in the EU and Canada require old stocks ofPFOS foam to be removed from service in 2011 and 2013, respectively. Excessstocks of PFOS foam concentrate can be destroyed by high-temperatureincineration at any approved hazardous waste destruction facility.

All current manufacturers use a process called telomerization to produce thefluorochemical surfactants contained in their fire-fighting foams. Chemicalsproduced by this process are generally referred to as telomers. Telomer-basedfoams do not contain or degrade into PFOS. They are not made with PFOA but cancontain trace levels as a contaminant of the manufacturing process.

Rather than regulate emissions of PFOA, EPA developed a global stewardshipprogram where fluorochemical manufacturers have voluntarily agreed to reduce 95percent by year-end 2010 and work to eliminate by year-end 2015 emissions ofPFOA, PFOA precursors, and higher homologue chemicals. As a result, telomer-based fluorochemicals that are used in fire-fighting foams after 2015 are likely tocontain only six carbons (C6) or less in order to comply with the EPA program.This will require some reformulation and likely some type of re-approvalReformulation and re-approvals (where needed) of most current foam productsbetween 2010 and 2015.

Regulatory authorities will continue to evaluate the environmental impacts offluorochemicals, and it is possible that regulations could change in the future

is ongoing by foam manufacturers in order to meet the 2015 target date .



F.9.6 Minimizing Emissions of Fluorochemical Surfactants.

Because of their persistent nature, emissions of fluorochemical surfactants to theenvironment should be minimized whenever possible using the followingtechniques:

(1) Use training foams that do not contain fluorochemical surfactants.

(2) Use surrogate liquid test methods for testing fixed system and vehicle foamproportioning systems.

(3) Provide for containment, treatment, and proper disposal of foam discharges.

(4) Develop plans for dealing with unplanned releases of foam concentrate orfoam solution so as to minimize the environmental impact.

(5) Follow applicable industry standards on the design, installation, andmaintenance of foam systems and extinguishers.

(6) Minimize false discharges from fixed foam systems by using approveddetection, actuation, and control systems as required by industry standards.

(7) Where appropriate, consider treating collected wastewater with granularactivated carbon (GAC) or a membrane process such as reverse osmosis toremove the fluorochemical surfactants prior to disposal.


Editorial corrections. Update the status of the reformulation of foam concentrates in response to the EPA PFOA Stewardship Program. Promote the use of training foams and alternative testing fluids as a way to reduce discharges of foam to the environment.






Committee Statement


Statement: Editorial corrections. Update the status of the reformulation of foam concentrates inresponse to the EPA PFOA Stewardship Program. Promote the use of trainingfoams and alternative testing fluids as a way to reduce discharges of foam to theenvironment.














Public Input No. 51-NFPA 11-2013 [ New Section after I.3 ]

Annex J - Dry Foam Fire Testing

See attached new Annex that is to complement the new Chapter 13 for Dry Foam. Theannex is modeled after existing UL 162 tests and designed to create a standard fortesting in-situ applied dry foam.



Open

NFPA_Chapter_13_Annex-_Dry_Foam_Fire_Testing.doc

Annex J - Dry Foam Fire TestingSee attached new Annex that is to complement the new Chapter 13 for Dry Foam. The annex is modeled after existing UL 162 tests and designed to create a standard for testing in-situ applied dry foam. The placement within the Annex section is at the descretion of NFPA if accepted.


A new Chapter 13 is proposed to include in-situ applied dry foam and the annex is provided as a standard to test dry foam in that application. The annex is modeled after the similar UL 162 test method and adjusted for the in-situ application and longer duration once applied to the flammable liquid and prior to conducting the candle tests and the stovepipe test.

Related Public Inputs for This Document

Related Input Relationship

Open

Public Input No. 25-NFPA 11-2012 [NewSection after 12.8.2]

Chapter 13 is the "parent" and theannex is the "child"


Submitter Full Name:Joe Riordan

Organization: Alyeska Pipeline


Committee Statement

Resolution: This technology, though potentially viable and important, does not belong in NFPA11, Standard on Low-, Medium-, and High- Expansion Foam. This standard revolvesaround the delivery of foam to a fire and the equipment that facilitates that activity.The proposed technology is not an active system. In addition, the product does not


http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/XmlImageManager?objId=/TerraView/Content/11-2010.ditamap/2/C1357261990859.xml:=root&imageId=NFPA_Chapter_13_Annex-_Dry_Foam_Fire_Testing.G1357272679565.doc&altImageId=G1357272679565



meet the definition of a “foam”. This committee encourages the submitter to requesta new NFPA standard or to submit this technology to NFPA 30.


I, Joe Riordan, hereby irrevocably grant and assign to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) all and






By checking this box I aff irm that I am Joe Riordan, and I agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright





Annex- Class B Dry Foam Fire Tests – In-situ Application 1.1 General 1.1.1 Dry Foam shall be tested in accordance with 1.3 and comply with the requirements specified in 1.1.2 - 1.3.5, and 1.4.1 - 1.5.6. 1.1.2 Dry foam applied onto flammable liquid test fires shall comply with each of the requirements specified in 1.1.2(a) - (d) when tested as described in 1.2.1 - 1.5.6.

a) The foam blanket shall spread over and completely cover the test fuel surface. b) Fire shall be completely extinguished during fire tests with noted exceptions. c) The test fuel blanketed with dry foam shall not reignite, candle, flame, or flash over when a lighted torch is moved over all areas of the surface.

Exception: Candling, flaming, or flashover that self-extinguishes is acceptable provided that the phenomenon does not remain in one area for more than 30 seconds.

d) When a stovepipe planted vertically in the foam (see 1.5.5) is removed, the dry foam blanket shall either:

1) Restrict the spread of fire for 5 minutes to an area not larger than 10 square feet (0.9 m2), or 2) Flow over and re-close the burning area.

1.1.3 Each dry foam to be tested is to be taken from its container as received from the manufacturer without alteration or modification. 1.2 Fuel 1.2.1 The test fuel is to be commercial grade heptane. 1.2.2 If dry foam is intended to be tested with hydrocarbon fuel(s) other than heptane, or polar solvent fuel(s), these other fuels shall have impurities not exceeding 1.0 percent. 1.2.3 The test fuel’s temperature shall comply with UL 162 9.3.5. 1.3 Test method 1.3.1 The test fuel is to be placed in the fire test pan. The pan is to be located on the ground. Exception: The fire test pan may be located not more than 72 inches (305 mm) above the ground when continuous skirting is provided from the pan to the ground on at least three sides of the pan. 1.3.2 For fire tests conducted outdoors, they shall be conducted under conditions of no precipitation. 1.3.3 If heptane or another test fuel that does not mix with water is used, a fuel layer 2 inches (50.8 mm) deep is to be floated on a layer of water not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) deep. The water depth is to be adjusted to provide a distance from the top of the pan to the surface of the liquid of not less than 8 inches (203 mm). 1.3.4 If test fuels used are miscible with water, the fuel is to be placed directly in the test pan to a depth that provides a distance from the top of the pan to the surface of the liquid of not less than 8 inches (203 mm). The fuel depth is to be not less than 1-1/2 inches (39 mm). 1.3.5 The amount of fuel in US. Gallons to be used for each test may be calculated using the formula specified in 9.3.5.

1.4 Application depth 1.4.1 Dry Foam shall be applied at a thickness of at least three inches and not more than four inches. It shall be evenly distributed across the test pan at the start of testing. 1.5 Fuel ignition 1.5.1 After the fuel has been added to the test pan, and the dry foam applied, the dry foam blanket shall remain undisturbed for a period of 30 minutes. 1.5.2 Deleted 1.5.3 Deleted 1.5.4 During the time the dry foam blanket is left undisturbed, a lighted torch is to be passed approximately 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the entire dry foam blanket, including corners, in an attempt to ignite the fuel. The fuel shall not reignite, candle, flame, or flash over while the torch is being passed over the fuel. The torch test is to be conducted twice during this period; five (5) minutes following application on the flammable liquid and prior to the ignition of the 12 inch diameter stovepipe. Each torch test shall be conducted for a period of not less than 1 minute. Exception: Candling, flaming, or flashover that self-extinguishes is acceptable provided that the phenomenon does not remain in one area for more than 30 seconds. 1.5.5 After completion of attempts to ignite the fuel with the lighted torch, a stovepipe is to be lowered into the dry foam blanket. The stovepipe is to be placed approximately 2-1/2 feet (0.76 m) from each of two adjacent sides of the test pan in the corner considered to cause the most severe burn back condition and lowered in such a manner that the dry foam blanket is not disturbed. The portion of the foam blanket that is enclosed by the stovepipe is to be removed with as little disturbance as possible of the blanket outside the stovepipe. The fuel cleared inside the stovepipe is to be ignited and allowed to burn for 1 minute. The stovepipe then is to be slowly removed from the pan while the fuel continues to burn. 1.5.6 When the stovepipe is removed, the dry foam blanket shall either:

a) Restrict the spread of fire at any time during a 5 minute duration to a total area of not more than 10 square feet (0.9 m2).The spread of fire caused by candling, ghosting or flashover, in which the flame height exceeds 2 feet (.6 m), but then self extinguishes, shall be considered unacceptable if the total area involved in flames exceeds 10 square feet at any time during the 5 minute duration, or b) Flow over and extinguish the burning area.

Documents

Public Input No. 4-NFPA 11-2012 [ Global Input ] Statement of