Public Disclosure Authorized * E1 697 - World Bank€¦ · With the improved access road (by January 2007), the project area can be accessed by car. The project includes the following

* E1 697

| Renewable energy project for Remote Area RuralRARE |Electrification

Initial Environmental Examination forPa Ve Su, Mu Ca, Thu Lum, Pa U, NamSi Luong, Ban Giang and Na Hu SHP

Muong Te district - Lai Chau province

7 th July 2007

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RARE Nam Si luong, Feasibility StudyW Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Muong Te district)

Initial Environmental Examination

1. Pa Ve Su small hydropower plant

2. Mu Ca small hydropower plant

3. Thu Lum small hydropower plant

4. Pa U small hydropower plant

5. Nam Si Luong small hydropower plant

6. Ban Giang small hydropower plant

7. Na Hu small hydropower plant

Annex 8dPa Ve Su Commune

Table 6: Household's Kerosene use survey; Time of survey 26 - 31 August 2005

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3 LyLyHun Lighting 2.2 30 OOo DiTrict 17 Man FMeale/P aL Mi Lighting 0.7 10000 District 17 1 FMeale

Town

2 Lyan Hua Lihig 30 40 000 District 17 1 Male!a LihigTown Female

P y yHun Lighig 5 000 District 17 Man Male I

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DLRARE 2007\06. Reports MPresentabons\FS repor PVS-MC-TL-PU\Pa ve Su\Annex

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Annex 8d, Page 1

RARE5, Feasibility StudyW Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

Annex 8Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

1. Background and IntroductionThe project is to build a small hydropower plant (SHP) with a capacity of 56 kW andlocal transmission distribution lines for the electrification of the remote hamlets Phi ChiA and Phi Chi B, Khoang Then, Seo Then B, Pa Ha in the Pa Ve Su Commune, MuongTe district, Lai Chau province and to provide electricity for 198 households in six ham-lets of the commune, inclusive the new committee area of Pa Ve Su.With the improved access road (by January 2007), the project area can be accessedby car.

The project includes the following parts:

o Weir, intake, headrace, forebay and penstocko Powerhouse with relevant equipmento Local medium, low voltage distribution linesThe main design parameters (factors) of this small hydropower plant are presented inthe following table.

Table 1: Development options

Site Pa Ve Su commune, approximately 20 m downstreamfrom the confluence of Nam Si Luong River vith Pa HaStream

Catchment area 153 km2

Minimum stream flow Q347 2.43 m3/sDesign flow 2.0 m3/s

Approx. head 5.0 mApprox. power 56 kWDistance from MHP to load - 0.8 km to Khoang Then (future commune centre)centre - 3.5 km to Phi Chi A (current commune centre)

- 2.0 km to Seo Then B and Pa Ha

Annex 8, Page 1

RARE5, Feasibility StudyES Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

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Figure 1: Layout of site

The overspill weir is located approximately 50m downstream of the confluence of NamSi Luong River with Pa Ha Stream and will be founded on solid bedrock. The core ofthe weir is built from cyclopean concrete and covered with reinforced concrete. Thelength of the overspill section is 31 m. The height of the weir is 1.8 m at the deepestpoint of the stream, the depth of its foundation depends on the condition of the bedrockand will vary between 50 cm and 1.20 m. The width of the weir crest is 95 cm, while thebottom width is 2.40 m (see figure below).

Annex 8, Page 2

RARE5, Feasibility StudyNf r Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

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Figure 3: Longitudinal section of the weir

2. Description of the Environment2.1. Physical environment

2.1.1. Geographical locationPa Ve Su commune is located about 16 km in the North East of Muong Te Town. Itscoordinates of longitude and latitude are 102°50'30"E and 22°26'50"N respectively. PaVe Su is about 51 km far away from the national grid. Pa Ve Su is bordering with Chinain the North East. its neighbouring communes are Bun To and Pa U in the West,Muong Te town and Bum Nua in the south and Hua Bum in the South East.Pa Ve Su is also the name of Pa Ve Su Mountain with its peak of 2550 m above sealevel.

2.1 .2. TopographyThe topography of Pa Ve Su commune is characterized by high mountains (Pu Si Lungpeak, 3076 m above sea level).Stream valleys are deep and narrow and their slope is rather big (30%). The processesof soil erosion mainly occur during the rain season at the steep slope of the mountain

Annex 8, Page 3

RARE5, Feasibility Studyed Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydmpower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

where the natural forest has been destroyed. Road construction causes heavy erosiontoo.

2.1.3. Soil

There are two types of soil in Pa Ve Su commune. The mountainous hummus grey soilis distributed in the South part of the commune and comprises about 60% of total natu-ral land of the commune. The mountainous humus Alit soil is in the north part of thecommune. This soil comprises about 35% of the total land areas of the commune. InPa Ve Su, there is a small area of ferralit grey soil.

2.1.4. ClimateThe Climate of Pa Ve Su area is characterized by tropical monsoon. It is rather wet andhas high annual rainfall (# 2800 mm) all year.In winter it is rather dry. The rainfall amounts than only 150...250 mm (10% of the an-nual rainfall). There are 6 months of dry season (from October to March). In this sea-son, there are only 20.. .30 rain-days. Wet season begins earlier (from April) and last toSeptember (period of 6 months). 90% of the rain falls in this season, with a maximumof 400 - 500 mm (in July).

Table 2: Climate

Annual average maximum month minimum monthTemperature 23°C 26.5°C (July) 17.3°C (Jan)Humidity 82% 89% (July) 75% (March)Wind directions Main directions: NE (Dec - Mar), S (Apr - Nov)

Minor directions: NW (Jan, May, June, Sep, Oct), W (Mar, June,July, Aug), N (Nov, Dec)

Wind speed 0.8 m/s 40 m/s

2.1.5. Hydrological conditionsIn Pa Ve Su, there are two rather big streams: Nam Si Lung and Nam Cao. The dis-tance between these two streams is about 20 km. Nam Si Lung stream has a catch--ment area of about 165 km2. The streams are an important source of water supply fordomestic use and economic activities of Pa Ve Su commune.

2.1.6. Vegetation cover* Savannah and scrub

In Pa Ve Su commune, grass and scrub dominates the vegetation cover (about 80% oftotal natural land area of the commune). Co tranh (Imperata) is the main grass specieof the commune. Scrub includes: Mang tang (litsea), Thanh nganh (Cratoxylum), Thoiba (Alangium), Co khiet (Dalbergia hupeana), Thic h (Acer), Tre nua (Bambusa).* Natural forest (evergreen forest)

Natural forest is the original type of forest which has been destroyed mostly by slash-and-bum forest clearing. Some distributed remains of it can be found in the high moun-tains of Pa Ve Su. It concentrates in the North-West of the commune and comprisesabout 11% of total land area of the commune. Some popular wood tree of this forestare: Gioi (Poramichelia), Re (cinamomum), Coi (Pterocarya), Ngat (Gironniera), Maythu lu (Schima), Gie gai (Castanopsis), Nhoc (Polyalthia), Cang lo (Betulaceae), Goi(Aglaia).

Annex 8, Page 4

RARE5, Feasibility StudyConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

Scrub with scattered trees

Four to five percent of the total natural land area in Pa Ve Su is categorized as scrubwith scattered trees. In this area, grasses like co tranh (Imperata), co la tre (Panicum)and other grass species and wood tree species like Tong qua su (Alnus), Vang anh(Saraca), May thu lu (Schima), Gao (Bombax), Den (Cleidiocarpa), Co'i (Pterocarya),Thoi ba (Alangium) can be found.

2.1.7. Fauna

In the above mentioned areas some popular wild animals species can be found:o Mammals: Bos Gaurus, Cervus, Muntiacuso other wild animals: Panthera Tigris, Panthera Pardus, Elephas, Presbytiso birds, e.g. Anthracoceros, Pavo, Buceras, Lophurao Fish, e.g. Cobitis, Culter, Carassius sp, Carass ius, HermibassusAt the site of Pa Ve Su hydropower plant, villagers catch about 100 kg of fish permonth by using fishing nets. '

Socio - economic conditionThe population amounts 1 916 inhabitants (September, 2005), of which 97% are La Huand 3% Mang, living in 374 households. 757 persons are working in the agriculturalsector. Growth of population was 5.84% over the last years.

Table 3: Administrative units

No Village I Hamlet Households People1 Phi Chi A 51 2802 Phi Chi B 31 1533 Pa Cum 14 724 AMai 11 675 Khoang Then 33 1616 Pa Ha 26 1227 Cha Ga 21 1138 Seo Then A 13 569 Seo Then B 46 186

10 Tho Ma 29 14011 Sin Chai A 25 14312 Sin Chai B 28 19113 Sin Chai C 11 6314 Phung Sang 8 4215 Xa Phin 13 5516 Pa Cum 14 72

TOTAL 374 1 916

The total income of the commune amounts 2 930 138 MVND, resulting in an incomeper person of 1 547 000 VND per year. 327 households have an annual income of lessthan 960 000 VND per person, additional 24 less than 1 080 000 VND per person (lowincome). The commune produces 826.5 tons of rice equivalents per year, resulting in417.2 kg food per year and person. The crop yield amounts 312.2 kg/100 m2.

Source: Village interview during field study from 26 August to 3 September 2005 conducted byVu Quang Dang

Annex 8, Page 5


This information may provide / help local government back ground information (LaiChau province, Muong Te district) for the decision of setting the electricity fees.The total land area of Pa Ve Su commune amounts to 25 232 ha of which are 234.6 harice land, 853.1 ha crop land, 8 951.17 ha forest land and 6.30 ha residential and gar-den land.

The commune centre can be accessed by car in the dry season. During rain season,the road is often blocked by several land slides. Within the commune there are onlypaths allowing human or horse traffic.A nursery school with one class and 30 pupils, a primary school with 35 classes and369 pupils and a secondary school with two classes and 18 pupils are present in thecommune. The rate of literacy amounts 15%. 210 households own a radio and 17 acassette recorder.

A health centre with four beds exists too. In the village there is no market. People of PaVe Su have to buy or sell everything in Muong Te town, located about 17 km from thevillage.

Screening of Potential Environmental Issues and Rationale fortheir Significance Grading

The following potential environmental impact could be caused by the project on smallhydropower plant.

3.1. Negative impacts

3.1.1. Topography

During the construction phase of the project, some activities like digging, soil and rockloading (filling), ground levelling and so on may cause a certain impact on the topogra-phy. The construction of the powerhouse will cause an additional change of the topog-raphy. The area of this impact is estimated 150 - 200 m2 and considered as small. Foraccess, no road has to be built; the existing path will be improved and the effects to thetopography can be minimised.

Summarized, the construction of a powerhouse and the improvement of the access willcause negligible impacts on the topography.

3.1.2. Land useThere is about 1 ha of crop land (maize) which is located some hundreds meters awayfrom the site of hydropower plant. This agricultural land will not be affected by the pro-ject. The area of land used for the project is small (;200 m2) and is classified as fallowland. Close to the power plant, there is public area for school and clinic. They are beingconstructed in January 2007. But the power supplying project is not in planed area sothere is not conflict of land use. Therefore neither the construction phase nor the opera-tional phase of the project will have impact on land use.The low voltage distribution line is integrated into the landscape and lead along existingfootpaths and the riverbed. Therewith land take can be minimised and the impact isconsidered as negligible.

3.1.3. VegetationThe existing vegetation, especially the parts with natural forest, is mainly responsiblefor the prevention of landslides. By cutting trees, the risk of landslides increases signifi-cantly.

Annex 8, Page 6


The area of the project (powerhouse) now is covered by grass, bush and few smallwood trees. The construction of the powerhouse and the improvement of the accesspath will need clearance of grass, bush and few small wood trees. About 20 - 30 smalltrees (size of tree, Diameter: 5 - 10 cm, height: 5 - 10 m) would be cut. This impact isgraded as small, negligible and can be mitigated during design, construction and op-eration.

The immediate surrounding of the low voltage distribution line has to be kept free ofvegetation to reduce the risk of physical damage of the line. But in comparison to amedium voltage distribution line, this clearance can be reduced to a minimum and theimpact on the vegetation is estimated as negligible.

3.1.4. Air qualityThere could be a minor impact on the air quality during the construction phase on drydays. Soil dust originating from the construction (manual work) with low loading andlow concentration (less than 0.2 mg/m 3) can be expected2.There will be practically no noise created durng construction due to the fact that therewill be minimal use of noise-generating equipment and machines. The impact is gradedas minor and negligible.

3.1.5. Water stream qualityRun-off may bring loose soil, litter, and garbage created during the construction to thestream and would cause water turbidity. The downstream section of about 100 m fromthe project site may be polluted during heavy rain-days. During the construction of theoverspill weir, the turbidity of water may be increased. Due to the small amount of soiland rubbish created during the construction, therefore its impacts on water quality willbe minor and temporarily limited3.The use of oil-hydraulic actuators during the operation of the hydropower plant re-quests a regular substitution of the oil. The lack of suitable disposal places representsa potential risk for unsuitable disposal and contamination of the water.In fact, local people don't use down stream water for drinking purpose, therefore therewill be no impact of the project during construction and operation on water supply fordrinking.

3.1.6. Solid wastesSolid waste (soil, rock, tree roots, grass, bush, plastic bag, food waste and human ma-nure (nigh soil)) can be caused during the construction of the hydropower plant, mainlybecause of clearance, soil and rock excavation, disposal and workers' life (activities).The solid wastes may reduce the quality of water and cause smell and the reduction ofthe aesthetic of the landscape.

3.1.7. FaunaThe activities of construction and operation of the project may cause negative impactson the moving of wild animals. These impacts may be negligible, but have to be con-sidered.

2 Vietnamese Standard for Ambient Air Quality, TCVN 5937-1995, average 24h: 0.2 mg/in fordust concentration3 in comparison to the Vietnamese Standard for Surface Water Quality (TCVN 5942-1995)

Annex 8, Page 7

RARE5, Feasibility StudyWd Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

It is necessary to deal with the negative impact of construction activities on fish (habitatand population) in the project stream section, especially for fish which are sensitive tothe small change of aquatical ecosystem or disturbance caused by the project.During operation, the overspill weir might be an obstacle to fish movement from down-stream to upstream. On the other side, upstream fish movement takes only place inspawning season to reach the spawning grounds. For the relevant fully-grown fishesthe weir is just another obstacle in the river (as many natural ones already exist), andthe fishes should be able to pass upstream.At almost all time, there will be flow remaining in the residual flow section, only during afew hours in the evening during less than a month, the complete flow will be utilised forpower generation. Additionally, these very lean months are usually not relevant forupstream fish movement.

Impacts on fishes during operation are considered as minor.

3.1.8. Health impact

The risks of using electrictiy and its impact on health are described in chapter 3.3.There are no other negative impacts on health expected. On the other side, theexistence of electricity enables the operation of a fridge to cool pharmaceuticals.Altogether, the impacts on health are considered as possitive

3.1.9. Security impact

By electrifying villages in border areas, the quality of life will be improved. Therewith,satisfaction of frontier-guards will raise and allow them to do a good job. There are nonegative impacts expected by the project

3.1.10. Soil erosionThere is no actual impact on soil erosion. An appropriate water drainage system hasbeen considered and will be constructed to avoid water spreading which could causesoil erosion.Erosion is not only an environmental thread but also poses a hazard to the civil con-struction (stability of substructures) and was therefore thoroughly considered during thedetailed design.

3.2. Positive impactUp to now, almost all families of Pa Ve Su commune still use kerosene for illumination.In near future, this will be replaced by the project's electricity. The designed capacity ofPa Ve Su hydro power plant is 56 kW which will supply enough electricity for at leastsix villages with totally 198 households.

Beneficiaries are:

o People (969 persons) of Phi Chi A, Phi Chi B, A Mai, Khoang Then, Pa Haand Seo Then B village, as well as the new location of the Pa Ve Su People'sCommittee

o Phi Chi A, Phi Chi B, Khoang Then, Seo Then B, Pa Ha and A Maio 417 pupils of nursery, primary and secondary schools.o The commune's infirmary (Health care centre): 12 nurses and many other pa-

tients.

Annex 8, Page 8


Electricity allows the use for multiple purposes, such as lighting, television, fan, radio,cassette and cooking will be increased. The pupils will have a chance to learn at homeand at school with the use of electric light. The positive impact of the project on the lifeof Pa Ve Su commune will be long-term and the project's benefit will be very high.Another positive impact will be the reduction of fuel wood consumption in the com-mune. For certain type of cooking electricity can be used instead of wood. This will re-duce the amount of collected fuel wood and leads to a limitation of forest damage.One of component (electricity, road, school and infirmary) of the policy on social - eco-nomic development for rural and mountainous (remote) areas has been implementingin Pa Ve Su

Electricity supply for Pa Ve Su (Frontier area) is very significant in term of political andsocial aspects:

+ To keep people stay at their homeland+ To limit villagers may move to China by providing them good life's conditions+ To give expression to concern of the Vietnamese Party and Government (Centraland Local) in socio-economic development of remote areas

3.3. RisksUse of electricity may cause some risk (fire, burn, death) to health, property and eco-system. Reasons for incidents could be:

o Electricity is very new for most of the villagers. It is the first time villagers useelectricity

o The inhabitants don't know a lot about electricityo Problems with electric consumers (cooker, iron, television, radio, cassette, fan,

o Failure in electric installationThe frequency of incidents is estimated initially as high (20 to 30 incidents in the firsttwo years) and later as moderate (5 to 10 incidences per year).All inhabitants are exposed to the risk, but especially children and old people should beconsidered. Faulty electrical equipment can cause electric shock, injuries or evendeath, or can cause fire which could damage property (house, furniture, domestic ani-mals).

3.4. Environmental Protection Measures

3.4.1. Vegetation coverIt is absolutely necessary to limit tree cutting and avoid the felling of big and precioustrees. For doing that, workers must follow the project's plan and design. The tree cut-ting must be controlled by the project managers and leaders of the people committee ofPa Ve Su commune.

3.4.2. Air qualityDuring the construction phase at dry days, soil has to be watered to reduce soil dustemitted to the air. Water for the reduction of dust can be taken from the nearest stream.

Annex 8, Page 9


3.4.3. Water qualitySolid waste (waste soil, rock, tree roots, grass, trees, bush, human wastes...) disposalhas to be established in a suitable site. This will minimize solid waste loading to thestream.

If automatic actuators are necessary, oil-hydraulic systems must not be used. Insteadof them electric actuators could be used.There is no impact on drinking water. Drinking water is not collected from the river.

3.4.4. ErosionTo avoid run-off and sedimentation caused by grading for the civil construction of thehydropower plant and to avoid the alteration of the hydrological pattern, the design andconstruction of these components must be examined carefully. An appropriate waterdrainage system has to be considered and constructed when needed to avoid waterspreading which could cause soil erosion.

3.4.5. WasteIt is necessary to allocate a toilet (washroom) and a domestic solid waste disposal forthe workers. Finding an appropriate site for the toilet and the domestic solid wastedumping is recommended. The septic tank (toilet) and the waste water from the toilethas to be treated, e.g. by soil absorption.

3.4.6. SafetyThe project must provide labour safety facilities like clothes, gloves, boots, gauzemasks / respirators for workers. Workers must use these during working in the field(construction).

For the operation phase, suitable safety equipment has to be provided (fire extin-guisher, clothes, gloves etc.) in the power plant. In the village electric, installationsmust be done by experienced, trained and proficient electric workers. Electric redun-dant safety systems (fuses, Fl-switch) must be implemented.Residential installations have to be checked by experienced staff regularly.

3.4.7. TrainingTo reduce the risk due to the use of electricity, villagers must be trained in the use ofelectricity and the danger associated with it. The inhabitants must be trained beforethey are supplied with electricity. The project has to cooperate with the local govern-ment (PC) of the commune and Muong Te district to organize training courses on theuse of electricity.

There will be two steps of the training courses:o First training course for village leaders, villagers' representatives, executed by ex-

perts.o Second training: participants of 1st training course will teach the other villagers un-

der the supervision of an expert.

3.4.8. FaunaThe fish movement has to be considered in the planning of the hydro plant. If themovement gets interrupted, a fish pass system has to be implemented.

Annex 8, Page 10

RARE5, Feasibility StudyConsulting and Engineerng Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

3.5. Environmental controlEnvironmental control must be done during the construction and the operation phase ofthe project. The following environmental factors (components) should be considered:o Vegetationo Air and water qualityo Amount of solid wastes, solid waste collection and disposalo Safety aspectsO Risk due to use of electricityVietnamese Standards for Ambient Air Quality (TCVN 5937-1995) and Surface WaterQuality (TCVN 5942-1995) and other Environmental Regulations of Central and LocalGovernment have to be applied during E nvironmental Control.

4. Environmental Management4.1. Institutions

o Commune level (Pa Ve Su): one person from the people committee (PC) of PaVe Su commune will be responsible for natural resources and environment of thecommune. He / she will help the PC of the commune in managing the commune'snatural resource and environment. The People's Committee of the communeshould help and cooperate with environmental impact assessor in field survey,data collection, interview etc.

o District level (Muong Te district). The office of resources and environment of theMuong Te district helps the PC of the district in managing district resources andenvironment. Pa Ve Su is one cell of the office of resources and environment ofMuong Te district. This office may help and cooperate with the environmental im-pact assessor in providing letter of permission or letter of introduction, in field sur-vey, data collection.

o Provincial level (Lai Chau): The department of Resources and Environment ofLai Chau province (DONRE) is responsible for checking the Initial EnvironmentalExamination (IEE) in the identification stage and the necessity of a full EIA.DONRE is responsible for the approval of the IEE and EIA report for issuing theenvironment certificate for the project. During implementation, DONRE will super-vise the compliance of the project to the environmental requirements.

o Project management unit (PMU): The PMU's role is very important. The PMU isresponsible for the environmental issue of the project in construction phase: i)monitor the environment; ii) evaluate the environmental impacts; iii) solve the envi-ronmental problems; iv) co-ordinate with relevant organizations in Muong Te dis-trict and Lai Chau provincial level on order to prepare environmental reports (forapproval of reports). Next step (operation phase), PMU needs to set up the plan ofenvironmental activities for operation phase: i) recruit a staff who knows about en-vironmental field; ii) set up the schedule for environmental activities for each year.Next step (operation phase): The PMU is responsible for the environmental moni-toring and the implementation of the different mitigation measures. The PMU trainsthe operators as far as needed to allow them to do the job in a proper manner

The contractors will be responsible for compliance of environmental requirements rec-ommended in IEE and EMP. The contractors are required to closely coordinate withlocal authority (people committee of commune & Muong Te district) and DONRE of LaiChau province.

Annex 8, Page 11

RARE5, Feasibility StudyV Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

4.2. Environmental monitoringEnvironmental components, parameters, site of measurements of monitoring and costsare presented in the table below.

Table 4: Environmental monitoring for Pa Ve Su hydropower plant

Environ- Parameter No of points Frequency Implementing Cost (VND)mental com- / sites of person / re-ponents monitoring sponsibility

Tree No of tree / area 10 2 times / operator (or 400 000(m2, ha) year DOME) / PC of

Pa Ve Su com-mune

Stream water water level 2 daily operator (or 400 000Turbidity DOME) / PC ofOil contamination Pa Ve Su com-

muneSolid waste / Volume, weight, 5 1 time / operator (or 300 000Environmental composition year DOME) / PC ofsanitation Pa Ve Su com-

muneFish in stream Species / popula- 4 1 time / operator (or 200 000

tion year DOME) / PC ofPa Ve Su com-mune

Risk No. of incidents, connected 2 times I operator (or 400 000No. of persons at villages year DOME) / PC ofrisk Pa Ve Su com-

muneErosion Area, volume of 6 After flood operator (or 400 000

soil / rock or heavy DOME) / PC ofrain Pa Ve Su com-

muneTotal 2 100 000For details about environmental monitoring, please refer to Annex 8b.

4.2.1. Method of monitoringo Water quality assesment: observationo Solid wastes: Volume and weight measuremento Erosion, tree, fish...: Observationo Fish, risk, erosion, tree...: Interview / questionnaire by field survey

Annex 8, Page 12

RARE5, Feasibility Studyd Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

4.3. Environmental awareness and trainingA one-day training course for the 6 leaders of the villages to be connected to the MHPand 12 village representatives shall be carried out in parallel to the construction phase.The course could take place at the meeting room of the PC of Pa Ve Su commune.The officers of PC of Muong Te district or the operators of the hydro power plant canbe the teachers. The costs for a one-day training course are estimated to 2 900 000VND (see table below).

Table 5: costs for a one-day training course

cost each (VND) cost total (VND)

18 participants 50 000 900 0002 teachers 200 000 400 000Lunch and tea break 1 000 000Room 100 000Hand outs 500 000

Total 2 900 000

Environmental protection issues shall be treated at the meetings of the village and ofthe commune. Inhabitants have to be informed regularly about environmental protec-tion. The Project Management Unit (PMU) and PC of Muong Te district are responsiblefor providing Environmental Protection material (booklet, brochure) to Pa Ve Su com-mune. Costs are estimated to 1 000 000 VND per year.

4.4. Cost-benefit Analysis for the Domestic Electricity Use

4.4.1. Costs for the use of electricity- Initial cost

The project costs of the Pa Ve Su hydro power plant are estimated in detail in the mainreport and in Annex 7. The central government contributes 80% from its RARE WBfunds, the Lai Chau province contributes 10% and the consumers of Pa Ve Su com-mune contribute the remaining 10%. By connecting 198 households will be connectedto the micro grid.

- Operational cost

The average cost of electricity use is estimated to in the main report. This estimatedcost is based on the current status of electricity use of villagers living in low-income inrural areas of North Vietnam.

- Benefit

Electricity helps in everyday activities, e.g. for illumination, cooking (application limited),labour, reduction of the use of wood and the improvement of the cultural life. Addition-ally, the expenditure of time for buying kerosene in Muong Te town can be saved.

Annex 8, Page 13

RARE5, Feasibility Studyr Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

5. Recommendations for Additional StudiesThe negative impacts of the project on topography, land use, water and quality, faunaand flora are clearly identified and assessed as small. Most of them were mitigated dur-ing project identification and planning through sound selection of the site, proper de-sign, construction and operation. No further environmental study is recommended.

6. ConclusionsAn off-grid small hydropower plant with a capacity of 56 kW will be constructed in PaVe Su commune and will bring socio-economic benefit to 198 households. The projectwill bring major improvements in the community everyday life through the provision ofelectricity for lighting, TV, productive use, school and the health centre. The consump-tion of kerosene and wood will be decreased.On the other hand, the project also has small and negligible impacts on tree, fish, waterquality and other environmental components. The use of the project's electricity maycause a risk to villages. These negative impacts and risks could be fully mitigated dur-ing design, construction and operation. The socio-economic and environmental benefitof the project is much higher than the cost of mitigation of negative impacts caused bythe project.

Annex 8, Page 14


Annex 8aEnvironmental Screening Checklist

Scoring guideline:

Plus: Positive impacts (e.g. leading to environmental improvements)o 3: Major improvementso 2: Minor improvement0 1: Uncertain but likely improvement, subject to more detailed assessmentMinus: negative impacts

o 3: Serious significant impacts and should be abandonedo 2: Impacts can be mitigatedo 1: Uncertain but likely potential impacts, subject to more detailed assessmento 0: No impacts

1. Project DataTitle: Pa Ve Su Small Hydropower Plant Description: Micro power plant of 56 kW;Province: Lai Chau Micro grid with approx. 7 km of MMV (10 kVDistrict: Muong Te line) and 20 km of LV (400V) lineCommune: Pa Ve Su Major Components: Diversion structure inCostEstmate US 321300river, intake, headrace, forebay, penstock,Cost Estimate: USD 321 300 powerhouse; transmission and distributionEnvironment Classification: Category B network

Key Environmental Issues: electrification ofinexperienced people, water quality, land-slidesConstruction contract period: 10 months

Annex 8a, Page 1


2. Project Screening MatrixEnviron- Project Impacts Mitigation Development Scoremental Measures

CritriaPlus MinusCriteria

Air quality Negligible impact during the No need 0 0construction phase. No im-pact during operation phase

Noise and Negligible impact No need 0 0vibration

Water Negligible impact in the con- Prevent run-off of solid waste 0 0quality struction phase during rainy

days causing water turbidity careful selection of disposalSolid waste dumping can sites and toilet 1have an impact on the waterquality 1The awareness creation dur-ing the construction phasethrough confrontation withmitigation measures couldincrease in midterm the inter-action of the inhabitants withthe river

Water No impact 0 0supplysystems

Irrigation No impact 0 0systems

Drainage No No 0 0Water No impact 0 0born dis-ease

Flooding No impact by project but ex- project designed to withstand 0 0ceptional flood, may damage 50-yearly floodthe diversion structure andintake

Recreation No 0 0Mining not existing 0 0Sedimen- During construction phase, soil and rock from construc- 0 0tation sedimentation may be tion must be dumped at

caused proper siteAgriculture No 0 0dislocation

Land take Only waste land No need 0 0Tree & Only some small trees have Carefulness is needed in de- 1crops to be cut during the construc- sign and construction

tion phase of the hydro plant compensation

Wetland No 0 0effect

Annex 8a, Page 2

RARE5, Feasibility StudyVa Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

Environ- Project Impacts Mitigation Development Scoremental Measures Plus MinusCriteria

Resettle- No 0 0ment

Landscape Project may cause small The power plant and the low 0 0effects change of landscape voltage distribution line are

integrated in the landscapeEcology Project may cause negligible If the fish movement is inter- 0 0and nature impact; fish movement could rupted, a fish pass systemconserva- be affected has to be implementedtion

Cultural No effect because in the area 0 0heritage of the project is no cultural

heritage

Disruption No road has to be con- Carefulness is needed in de- 0 0due to structed, the site can be ac- sign and construction andconstruc- cessed by improved foot selection of external workerstion paths; minor impacts due to

external workers living in thevillages

Social ef- Improving the living quality 3fect (illumination, education, cul-

tural life)

Improve working conditions 3

Risk due to the use electricity Training of the inhabitants, 1electric fuses / safety andredundant systems

Health 3impact

Security 3impact

Totals: 13 3

Annex 8a, Page 3


Annex 8bSHP Designers Simplified Environmental Engineering

Checklist

Score: Prepared by:Tran YemClass: B Date: April 2007Major environmental concerns: impact on fish Approved by:movement, risk of Date:Decision: EIA is not requiredJustification

Environmental Assessment Criteria Engineering Design Task Checked and Environ-mental Impact Identified: Power house, weir

Construction Operation

Yes No Yes No

Air quality Village locations x xNoise and Temples x xvibraton Schools and hospitals x x

Recreational sites x xWater Water supply x xquality Irrigation x

Drainage x xWater born disease x xFlooding x xRecreation x x

Geology Mining x xand soil Erosion x

Sedimentation x xLand use Agriculture dislocation x x

Land take4 x xWetlands effect x xResettlement x x

Landscape National park locations x xeffects Tourism sites x x

Aesthetic conditions x xVisual impact x x

4 Land take is estimated to about 200 m2 max

Annex 8b, Page 1




Yes No Yes NoEcology Aquatic bio-resources5 x xand nature Terrestrial bio- x6

xconserva- resourcestion

National park locations x xProtected species x xAreas of special scien- x xtific interest

Cultural Temple locations x xheritage Burial grounds x x

Archaeological sites x xBattle fields and ceme- x xteries

Disruption Schools, hospitals and x xdue to con- institutional facilitiesstruction Agricultural calendar x x

Socio- Ethnic community x xeconomicconditions Handicraft x x

Transportation x x

Conclusion

The impact to the environment is limited and with suitable mitigation measures man-ageable.

S as long as the fish movement is not blocked, the influence is minimised6 because of the construction activities, terrestrial bio-resources could be influenced temporarily

Annex 8b, Page 2

RARE5, Feasibility StudyHmConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

Annex 8cEnvironmental Management Plan

A - Mitigation measures

Cost Institutional ResponsibilityIssue Mitigating MeasureInstallation Operating Installation Operating

Flow obstruc- Suitable plan, included in tender document of construction and Included in the None MHP plant con- Operators oftion installation parts maintain a flow as designed cost for construction MHP plantstruction

Construction Suitable construction plan, tight construction supervision; suit- Not to be di- None MHP plant con- Operators ofmaterial, able tanks and place for waste collecting, dumping vided sepa- struction MHP plant,waste rately,. Detail communeinformation in leadercost estimationin FS

Dust watering the site with river water during dry days None None MHP plant con- Operators ofstruction MHP plant,0

communeleader

Noise No influence, far from residential areas None None MHP plant con- Operators ofo struction MHP plantTree cutting, Tight monitoring, supplying sufficient wood / timber for construc- Not to be di- None MHP plant con- Operators ofaffected vege- tion, compensation of cut trees, no access road (only improved vided sepa- struction MHP planttable cover foot path) rately,. Detail

Integration of the low voltage distribution line into the landscape information incost estimationin FS

Camps Suitably arranged with toilet area as regulated None None MHP plant con- Operators ofstruction MHP plant

Water quality Abandonment of the application of oil-hydraulic actuators None None MHP plant con- Operators ofstruction MHP plant

Annex 8c, Page 1

RARE5, Feasibility Studyrm Consulting and Engineerng Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune


Fishery The fish movement shall be monitored. None None MHP plant con- Operator ofstruction MHP plant.- ----.---- -- ---- ---- --- ---- --- - - - . . .. - - - --- ---- -- --- --- ---- - --- --- - --- --- ---- ------- - -- ---- - - - -- --. --.- ---- --- ---- -- - -..... ............ .. ......Labour Safety Instructions about labour safety None None MHP plant con- Operators ofstruction MHP plant

Resettlement No influence because there is no residential inundated area None None MHP plant con- Operators ofstruction MHP plant

Land take Carefully selection of site for all items of the project None None MHP plant con- Operators ofstruction MHP plant and

PCDeforestation There are mountain slopes with grass and bushes in the project None None MHP plant con- Operators ofarea. Tight management of tree cutting struction MHP plant and

PC-- -- -- - -- - ---- --- ----- -.-- - -- -- - - ------ - - --------- --- --- -.-. - - -- --- --- - ----- --- -------Flow obstruc- Inconsiderable because the over-spilt weir with a low height None None MHP plant con- Operators oftion Maintain a flows of at least 5 I/s all time struction MHP plant andPC

Fishery The fish movement shall be monitored. None None MHP plant con- Operator ofstruction MHP plant and0

PCX Waste from Check, collect and treat timely None None MHP plant con- Operators of0.O Powerhouse Prevention of use of oil-hydraulic actuators struction MHP plant and

PCCamps NoneLabour Safety Instruction about labour safety, supply sufficient labour safety MHP plant con- Operators oftools and equipment struction MHP plant and

PCErosion Water drainage and sediment trap in erosion sensitive areas, Not to be di- To be included MHP plant con- Operators ofconcrete embankment will be constructed where necessary vided sepa- in operator struction MHP plant and

rately, to be wage PCincluded in con-

.. .. struction cost

Annex 8c, Page 2

RARE5, Feasibility StudyNMConsulting and Engineenng Micro Hydropower Development in Pa ye Su Commune

Isu iiaigMaueCost Institutional ResponsibilityInstallation Operating Installation Operating

Resettlement No influence because there is no residential inundated areaRisk of Elec- Proper Safety Equipment has to be used in the hydropower plant Equipment of little (mainte- MHP plant con- Operators oftric Shock as well as in residential installations. Installations have to be car- the hydropower nance), in- *struction MHP plant andried out by experienced, trained and proficient electric workers. plant is included in op- PCImplementation of redundant safety systems. cluded in the eration cost

Regularly checks of residential installations (first two years every constructionyear, afterwards all five years cost

Deforestation MHP construc- Operators oftion MHP plant and

PCSedimenta- Sedimentation accumulated in the settling basins of the No No Operators oftion SHP, will be flushed back into the river in regular intervals. MHP plant and

Therefore the overall amount of sediments carried in the PCriver is neutral, but becomes periodic, compared to steadyas it is in the natural stream.

If absolutely required it would be possible to implementsettling basins with a constant flushing mechanism (suchas "automatic settling basin" or a Dufour type basin), butthese are costly, difficult to design and construct, and inpractice frequently fail to operate as anticipated.

This also has an impact on the generation capacity, mainlyduring the lean season, as water is required permanentlyfor flushing (approx. 1 0% of design flow).

Annex 8c, Page 3

RARE5, Feasibility StudyEd Consulting and Engineenng Micro Hydropower Development in Pa ye Su Commune

B - Monitoring Plan

Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoring Time I frequency Reason for CotInstitutional Respon-ters have to be parameter to be I of monitoring of monitoring monitoring sibilitymonitored? monitored? equipment? Install Operate Install Operate

Noise (dBA) Power House By listening. Normal Regularly, during If itlls more than Little Little -Operator.

construction usual level. VN MT officeEvery 6 months Standard for NRE

5949/1998Dust (Mg/in 3) Project site Regularly, during If there is too Little -Operator.

construction much dust (VN MT officeEvery 6 months Standard for NRE

5937,1995)No. of trees on project site counting before construc- Compensation 400'000 -Operator.

selected sites lion starts and at of the cut trees plus com- MT officethe time of coin- necessary pensation for N REmissioning expenses

------- --- --- - -- ---------- - ------.- --- ------ - ---------.- - - - - - ---------- - - - - - --o Erosion Project site and By observing, ap- Regularly, during Loss of soil, wa- Little -Operator.lOOm upstream pearance of land- construction ter containina- MT officeslides, erosion Every 6 months tion, sedimenta- for NRE

0 1-------- -- - -- - -- - - ----- - - - - - -- ------- - .-. ....-..-.....

lion.O Solid waste Project site By observing, is Regularly, during Pollution of little -Operator.

(Material con- waste disposed only construction vegetation and MT officestruction waste) at the defined site? Every 6 months water for N REPollution of Project site and By observing colours Regularly, during Turbidity is an Observa- -Operator.stream water lOOm down- change -> turbidity construction indicator of wa- tion: little MT office

stream Instrument for turbid- ter pollution. VN 300,000 for N REity measurement standard for sur- VND I day

face water for ex-5942,1995 amination

con-ducted byofficer for

____ NRE

Annex 8c, Page 4

RARE5, Feasibility StudyW Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa ye Su Commune

Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoring Time I frequency Reason for Cost Institutional Respon-ters have to be parameter to be I of monitoring of monitoring monitoring sibilitymonitored? monitored? equipment? Install Operate Install Operate

Solid waste, oil, Project area, river By observation: regularly, during Oil leakage poi- Little -Operator.grease (mg, g or Check if there is any operation sons drinking MT officekg) leakage of oil and Every 6 months and irrigation for N REgrease. If yes, does water of the set-the oil and grease tlements down-flow to the collecting stream and istank or not? Is a pol- poisonouslylution of the river aquatic and ter-visible? Is other kind restric wild life.of waste collected toa proper place ornot? Is the oil dis-posed in proper way

c (no contamination of0 soil or water)

(U ----- - - - - - - - - -- - -- --------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4) Noise level Power house By listening. Normal regularly, during health of opera- Little Operator.0.O (dBA) and by noise meas- operation tors, impact on MT officeurement instrument Every 6 months wild life for N RE

Village interviewErosion project area and By observing, ap- Regularly, during Loss of soil, wa- Little Operator.lOOm upstream pearance of land- construction ter contamina- MT officeslides, erosion Every 6 months tion, sedimenta- for N RE

tionStream water 2 different -observation daily base of living for -- little Operator.quality observation points -Taking samples when a contami- people, wild life - 400 000 MT office

and analyse in labo- nation is expected and vegetation for NREratory downstream- Interview with resi- - littledents

Annex 8c, Page 5


Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoring Time / frequency Reason for Cost Institutional Respon-ters have to be parameter to be / of monitoring of monitoring monitoring sibilitymonitored? monitored? equipment? Install Operate Install Operate

No. of trees on 10 sites, to be field study (counting) once a year trees are impor- 400 000 - Operator.selected sites defined tant for soil con- MT officesolidation, for NREmeasure ofquality assur-ance

Fishes in the 4 sites, two up- field study (e.g. with once a year fish is an impor- 200 000 Operator.river, species / stream, two bow net, counting) tant part of the MT officepopulation downstream Interview with fish- nutrition of the for NREermen inhabitants. The

fish populationhas to be pro-tected

Annex 8c, Page 6

RARE5, Feasibility Study*- Consulting and Engineerng Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

LOCRTION OF PR VE SU COMMUNE, MUONG TE DISTRICT,J, I JA

/ -u

-Jx

- ;-

' '- Kt -tr

M-g To- g

Annex 8c, Page 7

RARE5, Feasibility Study*d Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

SKETCH MRP OF TOPOGRRPHY IN PR VE SU COMMUNE

- 0 X r500

70

\ -u -1,000> * > 2 / -; -- 1,500

-1.700- X X . i\)2,000

\t- tv )2,700,3,000

.-- >3000

An m. 7

"N 2,000

Anne 8c 2,7008


SKETCH MRP OF SOIL IN PR VE SU COMMUNE

Legend

* Ferralite grey soil* Mountainous humus grey soil* Mountainous humus alit grey soil

r

Annex 8c, Page 9

RARE5, Feasibility Studyr Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa Ve Su Commune

SKiTCH MRP OF FOREST IN PR VE SU COMMUNE

Legend* Evergreen forest* Scrub* Scrub with scattered trees* Agricultural land - hill fields

A 8 a

Annex 8c, Page 10

Annex 8dPa Ve Su Commune

Table 6: Household's Kerosene use survey; Time of survey 26 - 31 August 2005

0 (U *

o 00 0 0 >7

L 03 P0

44 Chu Lihtn 1.1 0500 Tw 7 Mmal

0 01. 4

0 mU = 0 00 E

0 LC L) [L C

I Pha Chu Lighting 0.7 10 000 DiOswtrict 17 1FMemeale

Gio Town 0 Fe0al

2 an H Lghin 30 0 00 District 171Male/

Town Female

3 L yHun Lighting 2.2 30 000 District 107 0 0Male/

4 Pha Go Lighting 1.M i1000 District 17 1 Male /

Gio Ch Lighting 0.7 10 000 Ditit 17 1 FMale

Town

V.RR W\6Rprs8Peet9nSrpr MV-CTLPtalve SuAne2 Dy HulXa Lighting 3.0 40 000 District 17 1040l

Town Female

P y yHun Lighting 2.2 30 000 District 17 Man Male IXeCuTown tms Female

4 ag OLighting 1.1 215000 Ditit 17 1 MlChu Town Female

Last pL0nted 09/07/2007D i 0:43:01

Annex 8d, Page 1

RARE Nam Si luong, Feasibility Studyr Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Muong Te district)









RARE5, Feasibility StudyPA Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

Annex 8: Initial Environmental Examination1. Background and IntroductionThe project is to build a small hydropower plant (SHP) with a capacity of 23 kW andlocal distribution lines for the electrification of the remote hamlets of Mu Ca and Ma Kyin the Mu Ca Commune, Muong Te district, Lai Chau province and to provide electricityfor 89 households in the commune.The site is 94 km far away from the national grid. If the grid is established in the district,the closest interconnection point would be in a distance of 12 km (Pac Ma village,Muong Te commune)

Access to the project site is possible by foot paths which will be improved.The project includes the following parts:o Weir, intake, headrace, forebay and penstocko Powerhouse with relevant equipmentso Local medium and low voltage distribution systemThe main design parameters (factors) of this small hydropower plant are presented inthe following table.

Site Mu Ca Communelocation according to map in Annex 2

Catchment area (km2) 12 - 13 km2

Minimum stream flow Q347 (m3/s) 0.129 m3/s

Design flow (m3/s) 0.200 m3/sApprox. head (m) 20 m (7 - 8% gradient)Approx. power (kW) 25 kWDistance from MHP to load centre - Mu Ca Hamlet: Distance from MHP: 1.2 km,

approx length of low voltage distribution line: 0.9kmMa Ky Hamlet: approx length of low voltage line: ad-ditional 2 km to the one to Mu Ca Hamlet (2.9 kmtotal)

-k F

Annex 8, Page 1

RARE5, Feasibility Studyw Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

Design parameters of weir are as follows:

~'4

The overspill weir is located approximately 20m downstream of the confluence of MuCa stream with a smaller stream and will be founded on solid bedrock. The core of theweir is built from cyclopean concrete and covered with reinforced concrete. The lengthof the overspill section is 20 m. The height of the weir is up to 1.7 m at the deepestpoint of the stream; the depth of its foundation depends on the condition of the bedrockand will vary between 40 and 80 cm. The width of the weir crest is 80 cm, while the bot-tom width is 3.40 m (see figure below).

Annex 8, Page 2

RARE5, Feasibility StudyV Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

On the left end of the weir, next to the intake, a sluice opening (60 x 60 cm) can beclosed with stop logs during normal operation of the plant.

00

0

.11 ,/,1

1 IT

Annex 8, Page 3

RARE5, Feasibility StudyE Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune


2.1.1. Geographical locationMu Ca coordinates of longitude and latitude of 102050 E and 22043 N respectively and94 km from the national grid. In the North of Mu Ca commune is Kalang, in the East isMuong Te and Nam Khao in the South is Sin Tao, Chung Chai and Ta Tong and in theWest is China. Mu Ca commune is located in the Muong Nhe Natural reserve, whichwas established in 1992, but it is not anymore within the buffer nor the core zone of the1996 proposed revised boundary of Muong Nhe Nature Reserve.

Al.,.

Ca * ' '

\ t* r

*--j} I ¢ ,- h; LA00 (AI ./'/

, A , rv -

. YSt1NLf A.... .

Pi ctue kMofhMn Nhe National Reere

Picur I Ma of te Muon Nh Natona Reserve1fi

-map source: Birdlife International European Union I FIP, 2001: A Rapid Field Survey of

Muong Nhe Nature Reserve, Lai Chau Province, Vietnam; Conservation Report Nr. 26

Annex 8, Page 4

RARE5, Feasibility StudyW Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

2.1 .2. Topography

The altitude of Mu Ca hydropower plant is 400 m above sea level. The left slope ishigher than right slope of the stream. This slope is around 30 - 40%. In this area, thereis mountain peak of 850 m above sea level.

2.1.3. Soil

There are two types of soil in Mu Ca commune. 55% of the total land areas is moun-tainous ferralit gray soil and about 45% is mountainous hummus grey.

2.1.4. Climate

Climate of this area is characterized by tropical monsoon and high annual rainfall(approx 2800 mm). It is rather dry in winter because the rainfall in winter is only 150 -250 mm (10% of the annual rainfall). There are 6 months of dry season (October toMarch next year). In this season, there are only 20 - 30 rain days.Wet season begins earlier (from April) and last to September (6 months). Rainfall ofthis season comprises about 90% of total annual rainfall. Maximum monthly rainfall is400 - 500 mm (July).

Annual average maximum month minimum month

Temperature 230C 26.5°C (July) 26.50C (Jan)Humidity 82% 89% (July) 75% (March)Wind directions Main directions: W throughout the year

Minor directions: S (Jan to Mar, Aug to Dec)Wind speed 0.4 to 0.6 m/s 40 m/s

2.1 .5. Hydrological conditionsIn Mu Ca, there are some big streams: Nam Siu, Nam Ma, Nam Ma Pha, Nam PangPai, Nam Nap, Mu Ca. The catchment area of the Mu Ca stream is about 12 - 13 km2and the minimum flow about 0.15 - 0.8 m3/s. Mu Ca commune has more streams thanother communes do have. In some streams of Mu Ca, Muong Nhe natural reserve, thesalinity of water is rather high.

Annex 8, Page 5


2.1.6. Vegetation coverMu Ca commune belongs to Muong Nhe Natural reserve. It was established in 1992.There are many types of forest in Mu Ca commune.* Savannah and scrub

There is a big area of scrub with grass, it is about 23000 ha, comprises about 60% oftotal land area of the commune.Co tranh (Imperata) is the dominant species of grass. The representatives of scrub ofMu Ca commune are: Mang tang (Litsea), Thanh nganh (Cratoxylum), Thoi ba (Alan-gium), Co khiet (Dalbergia hupeana), Thich (Acer), Tre nua (Bambusa).* Natural forest (evergreen forest)In Mu Ca commune, there are 4 areas of evergreen forest. They are located in moun-tains. Two small area of this forest are located in the West of the commune. A largearea is located in the East of the commune. Total area of evergreen forest is about6300 ha (16% of total land area of the commune).In evergreen forest, there are many species of wood trees such as Gioi (Paramichelia),Goi (Aglaia), Re (Cinamomum), Ngat (Gironniera), Nhoc (Polyalthia), Coi (Pterocarya),Den (Cleidiocarpa), Cang lo (Betulaceae), De gai (Castanopsis), Gao (Bombax), Thung(Tetrameles), Tong qua su (Alnus), Vang anh (Saraca), Voi thuoc (Schima).* Scrub with scattered trees

There is big area of the scrub with scattered trees in the North of Mu Ca commune.Small area is in the West and other small area is in the South. Total area of this forestis about 3000 ha (8% of total land area of the commune).* Mixed broad leaf and coniferous forestThis forest is located in the South and South - West edge of the commune. Total areaof this forest is about 3000 ha (; 8% of total land area of the commune).* Pure bamboo

The area of pure bamboo is about 2000 ha (5% total land area of the commune).

2.1.7. FaunaBecause Mu Ca commune is a part of the Muong Nhe Natural Reserve, therefore it isrich in wild animals. They are:o Mammals: Bo tot (Bos Gaurus), Nai (Cervus), Hoang (Muntiacus), Ho (Panthera

Tigris), Bao (Panthera Pardus), Voi (Elephas), Vooc (Prsbytis).o Birds: Cao cat (Anthrococeros), Cong (Pavo), Phuong hoang dat (Buceros), Ga loi(Lophura).o Fish: Ca trach hoa (Cobitis), Ca ngao (Culter), Ca diec bac (Carassius sp), Canhung (Carassius), Ca lang (Hermibasrus).o Muong Nhe Natural Reserve. (Source: Le Tran Chan - Institute of Geography)Now, the area of Muong Nhe Natural Reserve is 300,000 ha. In this area, there are 542species of flora in 5 high order branches. 3 branches: Lycopodiophyta, Equisetophytaand Polypodiophyta with 52 species. Branch of Pinophyta has only 2 species. Almostspecies of flora belong to the branch of Magnoliophyta. 13 species of 542 species offlora are listed in Red Book of Vietnam. They are:o Rare species: Altingia Chinensis

Annex 8, Page 6

RARE5, Feasibility StudyConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

o Vulnerable to Endange: Markhamia Stipulata, Codonopsis Javanica, Manglietiafordiana, Burretiodendron Tonkinensis

O Threatened species: Drynaria fortunei, Tetrapanax Papyriferus, Pauldopia Ghirta,Buddleja Sinensis.

o Fauna: In Muong Nhe Natural Reserve, there are 9 species of amphibians, 2 spe-cies of Reptiles, 158 species of birds and 20 species of animals.

2.2. Socio - economic condition2

The population amounts 1780 inhabitants (end 2004), of which 98.7% are Na Nhi,1.2% La Hu and 0.1% Kinh living in 299 households. 565 persons are working in theagriculture sector, and the population growth amounts 2.7%.

No Village/ hamlet No of households Population (person)1 Ta Kho 31 143 (By the end of 2004)2 Xi Ne 53 3333 Mu Ca 47 2884 Ma Ky 44 2875 Cu Xa 18 1086 Gia Te 11 467 Go Cu 76 4468 Phin Kho 22 148

Within the commune the average income per person amounts 2'063'928 VND per year.223 households have an annual income of less than 960'000 VND per person, addi-tional 48 less than 1'080'000 VND per person (low income) and another 25 earn lessthan 1'200'000 VND per year. The commune produces 706 tons of rice equivalents peryear, resulting in 385 kg food per year and person.This information may provide / help local government back ground information (LaiChau province, Muong Te district) for the decision of setting the electricity fees.The total land area of Mu Ca commune amounts to 38'192 ha of which are 168.58 harice land, 638.58 ha crop land, 23'556.96 ha forest land and 11.4 ha residential andgarden land.

There are no roads within the commune but only paths, allowing traffic on foot or byhorse.

A nursery school with one class and 42 pupils, a primary school with 11 classes and192 pupils and a second-level school are present in the commune. The literacy rate isexpected to be very low, but no exact numbers are available. 245 households have aradio and 12 a cassette recorder and 2 a television.A health centre with four rooms and three beds exists and eight nurses are employed.Mu Ca also no market, so local people, who want to exchange goods or buy consumergoods, have to go to the markets in other communes or the townlets or even they haveto border market in China.

2Bases on the information mentioned in the "Socio-economic report of small-sized hydro powerstation project" from Ms Tam

Annex 8, Page 7


3. Screening of Potential Environmental Issues and Ration-ale for their Significance Grading



3.1.1. Topography

During the construction phase of the project, some activities like digging, soil and rockloading (filling), ground levelling and so on may cause a certain impact on the topogra-phy. The construction of the powerhouse will cause an additional change of the topog-raphy. The area of this impact is estimated 300 - 400 m2 and considered as small. Theconstruction of the water conveyance system may cause slightly impacts on the topog-raphy. For access, the existing paths will be improved and the impacts to the topogra-phy will be minimised.

Summarized, the construction of a powerhouse and the improvement of the access willcause negligible impacts on the topography.There will be no impact of the project on topography during operation phase.

3.1.2. Soil erosionDuring construction phase and during rain season, soil erosion may be occurred due topowerhouse and yard construction, access making, road improvement etc. Soil dump-ing on the slopes could cause soil / land slide. Eroded soil is one kind of sediments ofthe project's stream section / site.

There will be no impact of the project on soil erosion during operation phase.

3.1.3. Land useThe area of land used for the hydropower plant (powerhouse and other supportediterms is small (about 500 m2). At the project site, there is no agricultural land, there isgrass and scattered bush and fallow land. Therefore neither the construction phase northe operational phase of the project will have impact on land use.The low voltage distribution line shall be integrated into the landscape and lead alongexisting footpaths and the riverbed. Therewith land take can be minimised and the im-pact is considered as negligible.

3.1.4. Air quality, NoiseThere could be a minor impact on the air quality during the construction phase on drydays. Soil dust originating from the construction (manual work) with low loading andlow concentration (less than 0.2 mg/m 3) can be expected3.There will be practically no noise created during construction due to the fact that therewill be minimal use of noise-generating equipment and machines. The impact is gradedas minor and negligible.

There will be no impact of the project on air quality during operation phase.

3Vietnamese Standard for Ambient Air Quality, TCVN 5937-1995, average 24h: 0.2 mg/m3 fordust concentration

Annex 8, Page 8


3.1.5. Water stream qualityRun-off may bring loose soil, litter, and garbage created during the construction to thestream and would cause water turbidity. The downstream section of about 100 m fromthe project site may be polluted during heavy rain-days. During the construction of theoverspill weir, the turbidity of water may be increased. Due to the small amount of soiland rubbish created during the construction, therefore its impacts on water quality willbe minor and temporarily limited4.The use of oil-hydraulic actuators during the operation of the hydroplant requests aregular substitution of the oil. The lack of suitable disposal places represents a poten-tial risk for unsuitable disposal and contamination of the water.In fact, local people do not use down stream water for drinking purpose, therefore therewill be no impact of the project during construction and operation on water supply fordrinking.

3.1.6. Solid wastesSolid waste (soil, rock, tree roots, grass, bush, plastic bag, food waste and human ma-nure (nigh soil)) can be caused during the construction of the hydroplant, mainly be-cause of clearance, soil and rock excavation, disposal and workers' life (activities). Thesolid wastes may reduce the quality of water and cause smell and the reduction of theaesthetic of the landscape.

3.1.7. VegetationThe area of the project (powerhouse) now is covered by grass, bush and few smallwood trees. The construction of the powerhouse, the water conveyance system andthe improvement of the access path will need clearance of grass, bush and few smallwood trees. About 30 - 40 small trees (size of tree, Diameter: 5 - 10 cm, height: 5 - 10m) would be cut during the construction phase. This impact is graded as small, negligi-ble and can be mitigated during design, construction and operation.The existing vegetation, especially the parts with natural forest, is mainly responsiblefor the prevention of landslides. By cutting trees, the risk of landslides increases signifi-cantly.


3.1.8. Fauna

Construction activities may cause negative impacts on the moving of wild animals.These impacts may be negligible, but have to be considered. During the operationalphase no impact is expected.

It is necessary to deal with the negative impact of construction activities on fish (habitatand population) in the project stream section, especially for fish which are sensitive tothe small change of aquatical ecosystem or disturbance caused by the project.In dry season, the overspill weir might be an obstacle to fish movement from down-stream to upstream. On the other side, upstream fish movement takes only place inspawning season to reach the spawning grounds. For the relevant fully-grown fishes

4in comparison to the Vietnamese Standard for Surface Water Quality (TCVN 5942-1995)

Annex 8, Page 9


the weir is just another obstacle in the river (as many natural ones already exist), andthe fishes should be able to pass upstream without any problems.At almost all time, there will be flow remaining in the residual flow section of the river,only during a few hours in the evening during less than a month, the complete flow willbe utilised for power generation. Additionally, these very lean months are usually notrelevant for upstream fish movement.






3.1.11. Soil erosionThere is no actual impact on soil erosion. An appropriate water drainage system hasbeen considered and will be constructed to avoid water spreading which could causesoil erosion.Erosion is not only an environmental thread but also poses a hazard to the civil con-struction (stability of substructures) and was therefore thoroughly considered during thedetailed design.

3.2. Positive impactUp to now, almost all families of Mu Ca commune still use kerosene for illumination.According to the project's design, the hydropower plant with capacity of 23 kW willsupply electricity for 89 households. This means that about 27% of total commune'shouseholds will be beneficiary of the project.Beneficiaries are:

o 575 persons (32%) of total population of the communes will have access to elec-tricity.

o 42 pupils of the nursery school and 192 pupils of 11 classes of the primary schoolof Mu Ca commune will have electricity lighting for leaming.

O The project will provide electricity for the health centre of the commune.Electricity allows the use for multiple purposes: lighting, television, fan, radio, cassette,cooking,

Electricity provided by the project will improve cultural activities. Some rich householdsmay buy electrical machines or equipment and. The pupils will have a chance to learnat home and at school with the use of electric light while adults improve their knowl-edge with television and radio.

Annex 8, Page 10


Another positive impact will be the reduction of fuel wood consumption in the com-mune. For certain type of cooking electricity can be used instead of wood. This will re-duce the amount of collected fuel wood and leads to a limitation of forest damage.One of the component (electricity, road, school and infirmary) of the policy on social -economic development for rural and mountainous (remote) areas has been implement-ing in Mu Ca.

Electricity supply for Mu Ca (Frontier area) is very significant in term of political and so-cial aspects:

o To keep people stay at their homelando To limit villagers may move to China by providing them good life's conditionso To give expression of the concern of the Vietnamese Party and Government (Cen-tral and Local) in socio-economic development of remote areasThe positive impact of the project on the life of Mu Ca commune will be long-term andthe project's benefit will be very high.

3.3. RisksUse of electricity may cause some risk (fire, burn, death) to health. The cause or uncer-tainties of risk would be:o First time villagers use electricityo Almost villagers don't know well about electricityo Villagers no have experience in use of electricityO Electricity is very new for almost villagerso Problems of electric equipment, instruments, devices (cooker, iron, tivi, radio, cas-sette, fan...o Failure in electric installationThe frequency of incidents is estimated initially as high (20 to 30 incidents in the firsttwo years) and later as moderate (5 to 10 incidences per year).All inhabitants are exposed to the risk, but especially children and old people should beconsidered. Faulty electrical equipment can cause electric shock, injuries or evendeath, or can cause fire which could damage property

Environmental Protection Measures

3.4.1. Vegetation coverIt is absolutely necessary to limit tree cutting and avoid the felling of big and precioustrees. For doing that, workers must follow the project's plan and design. The tree cut-ting must be controlled by the project managers and leaders of the people committee ofMu Ca commune.

3.4.2. Air qualityDuring the construction phase at dry days, soil has to be watered to reduce soil dustemitted to the air. Water for the reduction of dust can be taken from the nearest stream.

3.4.3. Water qualitySolid waste (waste soil, rock, tree roots, grass, trees, bush, human wastes...) disposalhas to be established in a suitable site. This will minimize solid waste loading to thestream.

Annex 8, Page 11

RARE5, Feasibility StudyEd Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

If automatic actuators are necessary, oil-hydraulic systems must not be used. Insteadof them electric actuators could be used.There is no impact on drinking water. Drinking water is not collected from the river.

3.4.4. ErosionTo avoid run-off and sedimentation caused by grading for the civil construction of thehydropower plant and to avoid the alteration of the hydrological pattern, the design andconstruction of these components must be examined carefully. An appropriate waterdrainage system has to be considered and constructed when needed to avoid waterspreading which could cause soil eros ion.

3.4.5. WasteIt is necessary to allocate a toilet (washroom) and a domestic solid waste disposal forthe workers. Finding an appropriate site for the toilet and the domestic solid wastedumping is recommended. The septic tank (toilet) and the waste water from the toilethas to be treated, e.g. by soil absorption.

3.4.6. SafetyThe project must provide labour safety facilities like clothes, gloves, boots, gauzemasks / respirators for workers. Workers must use these during working in the field(construction).


3.4.7. TrainingTo reduce the risk due to the use of electricity, villagers must be trained in the use ofelectricity and the danger associated with it. The inhabitants must be trained beforethey are supplied with electricity. The project has to cooperate with the local govern-ment (PC) of the commune and Muong Te district to organize training courses on theuse of electricity.

Environmental protection awareness should be implemented frequently during Project'soperation. It must encourage villagers activity participate in the forest, water protectionand in improvement of rural environmental sanitation.There will be two steps of the training courses:o First training course for village leaders, villagers' representatives, executed by ex-

perts.o Second training: participants of 1 st training course will teach the other villagers un-

der the supervision of an expert.

3.4.8. FaunaThe fish movement has to be considered in the planning of the hydro plant. If themovement gets interrupted, a fish pass system has to be implemented.Emissions (noise, dust, waste) shall be kept on a minima prevent an impact on terresticwildlife.

Annex 8, Page 12

RARE5, Feasibility StudyA Consulting and Engineerng Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

3.5. Environmental controlEnvironmental control must be done during the construction and the operation phase ofthe project. The following environmental factors (components) should be considered:o Vegetationo Air and water qualityo Amount of solid wastes, solid waste collection and disposalo Safety aspectso Risk due to use of electricityVietnamese Standards for Ambient Air Quality (TCVN 5937-1995) and Surface WaterQuality (TCVN 5942-1995) and other Environmental Regulations of Central and LocalGovernment have to be applied during Environmental Control.

4. Environmental Management4.1. Institutions

o Commune level (Mu Ca): one person from the people committee (PC) of Mu Cacommune will be responsible for natural resources and environment of the com-mune. He / she will help the PC of the commune in managing the commune'snatural resource and environment. The PC of the commune should help and coop-erate with environmental impact assessor in field survey, data collection, interviewetc...

O District level (Muong Te district). The office of resources and environment of theMuong Te district helps the PC of the district in managing district resources andenvironment. Mu Ca is one cell of the office of resources and environment ofMuong Te district. This office may help and cooperate with the environmental im-pact assessor in providing letter of permission or letter of introduction, in field sur-vey, data collection....

o Provincial level (Lai Chau): The department of Resources and Environment ofLai Chau province (DONRE) is responsible for checking the Initial EnvironmentalExamination (IEE) in the identification stage and the necessity of a full EIA.DONRE is responsible for the approval of the IEE and EIA report for issuing theenvironment certificate for the project. During implementation, DONRE will super-vise the compliance of the project to the environmental requirements.

o Project management unit (PMU): The PMU's role is very important. The PMU isresponsible for the environmental issue of the project in construction phase: i)monitor the environment; ii) evaluate the environmental impacts; iii) solve the envi-ronmental problems; iv) co-ordinate with relevant organizations in Muong Te districtand Lai Chau provincial level on order to prepare environmental reports (for ap-proval of reports). Next step (operation phase), PMU needs to set up the plan ofenvironmental activities for operation phase: i) recruit a staff who knows about envi-ronmental field; ii) set up the schedule for environmental activities for each year.Next step (operation phase): The PMU is responsible for the environmental moni-toring and the implementation of the different mitigation measures. The PMU trainsthe operators as far as needed to allow them to do the job in a proper manner


Annex 8, Page 13



Environ- Parameter No of points Frequency Implementing Cost (VND)mental com- I sites of person / re-ponents monitoring sponsibility

Tree No of tree / area 10 2 times / operator (or 400'000(m2, ha) year DOME) / PC of

Mu Ca commu-ne

Stream water water level 2 daily operator (or 400 000Turbidity DOME) / PC ofOil contamination Mu Ca commu-

neSolid waste I Volume, weight, 5 1 time I operator (or 300'000Environmental composition year DOME) / PC ofsanitation Mu Ca commu-

neFish in stream Species / popula- 4 1 time I operator (or 200'000

tion year DOME) / PC ofMu Ca commu-ne

Risk No. of incidents, connected 2 times / operator (or 400'000No. of persons at villages year DOME) / PC ofrisk Mu Ca commu-

neErosion Area, volume of 6 After flood operator (or 400'000

soil / rock or heavy DOME) I PC ofrain Mu Ca commu-

neTotal 2 100 000For details about environmental monitoring, please refer to Annex 2 - B

4.2.1. Method of monitoringo Water quality assesment: observationo Solid wastes: Volume and weight measuremento Erosion, tree, fish...: ObservationO Fish, risk, erosion, tree...: Interview / questionnaire by field survey

Annex 8, Page 14

RARE5, Feasibility StudyAM Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

4.3. Environmental awareness and trainingA one day training course for the 8 leaders of the villages and 16 village representa-tives shall be carried out in parallel to the construction phase. The course could takeplace at the meeting room of the PC of Mu Ca commune. The officers of PC of MuongTe district or the operators of the hydro power plant can be the teachers. The costs fora one day training course are estimated to 3'200'000 VND (see table below). The train-ing shall focus on the specific circumstances of the Muong Nhe Natural Reserve.

cost each cost total(VND) (VND)

24 participants 50'000 1'200'0002 teachers 200'000 400'000Lunch and tea break 1'000'000Room

100'000Hand out

500'000Total 3'200'000Environmental protection issues shall be treated at the meetings of the village and ofthe commune. Inhabitants have to be informated regularly about environmental protec-tion. The Project Management Board (PMB) and PC of Muong Te district are responsi-ble for providing Environmental Protection material (booklet, brochure) to Mu Ca com-mune. Costs are estimated to 1'000'000 VND per year.

4.4. Cost-benefit Analysis for the Domestic Electricity and Kero-sene Use


The project costs of the Mu Ca hydro power plant are estimated in Annex 7 of the fea-sibility report. The central government pays 80%, the Lai Chau province pays 10% andthe consumers of Mu Ca commune pay 10%.- Operational cost

The average cost of electricity use is estimated to 5'000... 10'000 VND per month andhousehold. This estimated cost is based on the current status of electricity use of vil-lagers living in low-income in rural areas of North Vietnam.- Benefit


Annex 8, Page 15

RARE5, Feasibility StudyWUConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

4.4.2. Kerosene use- Cost

Use of kerosene does have neglectable initial cost, but the operational costs are about20'000 VND per month and household. Buying Kerosene takes about one day permonth, estimated to 5'700 VND per month. The total costs for the use of Keroseneamounts to 25'700 VND per month (for details please refer to the appendix).

- Benefit

The benefit of the use of kerosene is the existing equipment (no initial investment) andthe low risk due to the experience of using it.


6. ConclusionsAn off-grid small hydropower plant with a capacity of 23 kW will be constructed in MuCa commune and will bring socio-economic benefit to 89 households. The project willbring major improvements in the community everyday life through the provision of elec-tricity for lighting, TV, productive use, school and the health centre. The consumption ofkerosene and wood will be decreased.On the other hand, the project also has small and negligible impacts on tree, fish, waterquality and other environmental components. The use of the project's electricity maycause a risk to villages. Because the project is located in the sensitive area (MuongNhe reserve) therefore these negative impacts and risks must be fully mitigated duringdesign, construction and operation. The socio-economic and environmental benefit ofthe project is much higher than the cost of mitigation of negative impacts caused by theproject.

Annex 8, Page 16


Annex 8 a:Environmental Screening Checklist

Scoring guideline:

Plus: Positive impacts (e.g. leading to environmental improvements)o 3: Major improvementso 2: Minor improvemento 1: Uncertain but likely improvement, subject to more detailed assessmentMinus: negative impacts

o 3: Serious significant impacts and should be abandonedo 2: Impacts can be mitigateda 1: Uncertain but likely potential impacts, subject to more detailed assessmento 0: No impacts

1.1.1 Project Data

Title: Mu Ca Small Hydropower Plant Description: Micro power plant of 23 kW,Province: Lai Chau Major Components: Weir, Headrace, Fore-District: Muong Te bay, Penstock, Powerhouse; Distribution lineCommune: Mu Ca Key Environmental Issues: electrification ofCost Estimate: USD 129 800 unexperienced people, water quality, land-Environment Classification: Category B slides

Construction contract period: 7-9 months

1.1.2 Project Screening Matrix

Environ- Project Impacts Mitigation Develop- Scoremental Crite- ment Measures Plus Minusria

Air quality Negligible impact during the No need 0 0construction phase. No impactduring operation phase

Noise and vi- Negligible impact No need 0 0bration

Water quality Negligible impact in the con- Prevent run-off of solid 0 0struction phase during rainy days wastecausing water turbiditySolid waste dumping can have careful selection of dis- 1an impact on the water quality posal sites and toiletThe awareness creation during 1the construction phase throughconfrontation with mitigationmeasures could increase in mid-term the interaction of the inhabi-tants with the river

Water supply No impact 0 0systems - -Irrigation sys- No impact 0 0tems

Annex 8, Page 17

RARE5, Feasibility Studyr Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune


Drainage No No 0 0Water born No impact 0 0disease

Flooding No impact by project but excep- project designed to 0 0tional flood, may damage the withstand 50-yearlydiversion structure and intake flood

Recreation No 0 0Mining not existing 0 0Sedimentation During construction phase, soil and rock from con- 0 0

sedimentation may be caused struction must bedumped at proper site

Agriculture No 0 0dislocation

Land take Only waste land 0 0Low voltage distribution line: Integration of the lownegligible voltage distribution line

in the landscapeTree & crops Only some small trees have to Carefulness is needed 1

be cut during the construction in design and construc-phase of the hydro plant tion

compensation

Wetland effect No 0 0Resettlement No 0 0Landscape Project may cause small change The power plant and the 0 0effects of landscape low voltage distribution

line are integrated in thelandscape

Ecology and Project may cause negligible If the fish movement is 0 0nature conser- impact; fish movement could be interrupted, a fish passvation affected system has to be im-

plementedConstruction activities could af- Environmental trainingfect the normal behaviour of ter- for the village peoplerestic wildlife and the workers shall

improve the creation ofenvironmental aware-ness

Cultural heri- No effect because in the area of 0 0tage the project is no cultural heritage

Disruption due No road has to be constructed, Carefulness is needed 0 0to construction the site can be accessed by im- in design and construc-

proved foot paths; minor impacts tion and selection ofdue to external workers living in external workersthe villages

Social effect Improving the living quality (illu- 3mination, education, cultural life)

Annex 8, Page 18

RARE5, Feasibility StudyF Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune



Risk due to the use electricity Training of the inhabi- 1tants, electric fuses /safety and redundantsystems

Health impact 3

Security im- 3pact

Totals: 13 3

Annex 8, Page 19


Annex 8bSHP Designers Simplified Environmental Engineering

Checklist

Score: Prepared by: Entec AGClass: B Date:Major environmental concerns: impact on fish Approved by:movement, risk of electric shock Date:Decision: EIA is not requiredJustification: Impacts are minor and could be miti-gated in technical design



Yes No Yes NoAir quality Village locations x xNoise and Temples x xvibration Schools and hospitals x x

Recreational sites x xWater qual- Water supply x xity Irrigation x x


Geology Mining x xand soil Erosion x



Landscape National park locations x xeffects Tourism sites x X

Aesthetic conditions x x

5 land take is estimated to about 500 m2 max

Annex 8, Page 20




Yes No Yes No

Visual impact x xEcology Aquatic bio-resources6 x xand nature Terrestrial bio- x7

xconserva- resourcestion

National park locations x xProtected species x xAreas of special scien- x xtific interest


Archaeological sites x xBattle fields and ceme- x xteries


Socio- Ethnic community x xeconomic Handicraftconditions

Transportation x x

Conclusion


6as long as the fish movement is not blocked, the influence. is minimised7 due to the construction activities, terrestrial bio-resources could be influenced temporary

Annex 8, Page 21

RARE5, Feasibility Studyw Consulting and Engineering micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

Annex 8c:Environmental Management Plan



Flow obstruc- Suitable plan, included in tender document of construction and Included in the None Mu Ca HP plant Operators of Mution installation parts maintain a flow as designed cost for con- construction Ca HP plantstruction

Construction Suitable construction plan, tight construction supervision; suit- Not to be di- None Mu Ca HP plant Operators of Mumaterial, able tanks and place for waste collecting, dumping vided sepa- construction Ca HP plant, Muwaste rately,. Detail Ca PCinformation incost estimationin FS

Dust watering the site with river water during dry days None None Mu Ca HP plant Operators of Muo0 construction Ca HP plant, Mu

Ca PCR - - - - -- - - - - --- -I Noise No influence, far from residential areas None None Mu Ca HP plant Operators of Mu0construction Ca HP plant-0- - -- - --- - - - -- -- - -- - -- -- - - - - -- - -- - --- --- -- - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - I - - - - - I - -- -- - - - -- - - - - -Tree cutting, Tight monitoring, supplying sufficient wood I timber for construc- Not to be di- None Mu Ca HP plant Operators of Muaffected vege- tion, compensation of cut trees, no access road (only improved vided sepa- construction Ca HP planttable cover foot path) rately,. Detail

Integration of the low voltage distribution line into the landscape information incost estimationin ES

Camps Suitably arranged with toilet area as regulated None None Mu Ca HP plant Operators of Muconstruction Ca HP plantimpact on ter- Environmental training for the village people and the workers None Mu Ca HP plant Operators of Murestic wildlife shall improve the creation of environmental awareness construction Ca HP plant

Annex 8, Page 22


- --- -- -- - --- -- -. .-- - - -- - - - --, -- - - - -- - - - --- -- - ------------------------.. ..

Water quality Abandonment of the application of oil-hydraulic actuators None None Mu Ca HP plant Operators of Mu14construction Ca HP plantI ........ .... .. . .. .. . .. -- - -- - --- -- -- - - -- - - -- - --- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - ..... .... .--- --- - ._ ., . _ - -- - - -- - - - .. -- - -- - .. -. - - ... -- - - -- - - -

Labour Safety Instructions about labour safety None None Mu Ca HP plant Operators of Mu

construction Ca HP plant

Annex 8/ Page 23

RARE5, Feasibility StudyWEConsulting and Engineerng Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

Cost Institutional ResponsibilityIssue Mitigating Measure

Installation Operating Installation OperatingLand take Carefully selection of site for all items of the project None None MHP con- Operators and PC

struction of Mu Ca HP plant_Deforestation There are mountain slopes with grass and bushes in the project None None MHP con- Operators and PCarea. Tight management of tree cutting struction of Mu Ca HP plantl--.- - .-.-.- --- --- .------ -----

-------- - --.-...-. - ------- ------- - ..-...Flow obstruction Inconsiderable because the over-spilt weir with a low height None None MHP con- Operators and PCMaintain a flows of at least 5 I/s all time struction of Mu Ca HP plantFishery The fish movement shall be monitored None None MHP plant Operator of MHPconstruction plant and PCWaste from Pow- Check, collect and treat timely None None MHP con- Operators and PCerhouse Prevention of use of oil-hydraulic actuators struction of Mu Ca- -- --- -- -- -

- --.- -

.----------.---.- . - . - . . . r .Camps None

Labour Safety Instruction about labour safety, supply sufficient labour safety MHP con- Operators and PC0tools and equipment struction of Mu Ca.- - . . - .. - . - . - . - -- -.- . . ~~~- -- -- -- - -.- ---- .--- - .-.-.....--........Erosion Water drainage and sediment trap in erosion sensitive areas, Not to be divided To be included MHP con- Operators and MuQ concrete embankment will be constructed where necessary separately, to be in operator wage struction Ca PCO

included in con-struction cost

- ------ - .- .- ...... ... ---.-- - -- -.-- .- ................ ......... ... ................................---Impact on Muong Training, creation of environmental awareness (together with 3'200'000 VND 1'000'000 VND MT office Operators and MuNhe Natural Re- electric risk training) a year for NRE /or Ca PCserve / Risk of DONREElectric Shock

Risk of Electric Proper Safety Equipment to be used in MHP and residential Equipment of the little (mainte- MHP con- Operators and MuShock installations. Installations have to be carried out by experi- hydropower plant nance), included struction Ca PCenced, trained and proficient electricians. is included in the in operation costRegularly checks of residential installations (first two years construction costevery year, afterwards all five years

Deforestation compensation of cut trees Included in costs Included in costs Operators and Mufor the Provincial for the Provincial Ca PCforestry forestry.. --- ----- ---------- -------- ------- - . - - - - -- - - -- - -x

8 a g - - - -- e 8 / e 2

Annex 8/ Page 24


Sedimentation Sedimentation accumulated in the settling basins of the No No Operators of MHPSHP, will be flushed back into the river in regular inter- plant and PCvals. Therefore the overall amount of sediments carried inthe river is neutral, but becomes periodic, compared tosteady as it is in the natural stream.

If absolutely required it would be possible to implementsettling basins with a constant flushing mechanism (suchas "automatic settling basin" or a Dufour type basin), butthese are costly, difficult to design and construct, and inpractice frequently fail to operate as anticipated.This also has an impact on the generation capacity,mainly during the lean season, as water is required per-manently for flushing (approx. 10% of design flow).

---------. - ------------ . ------- ----------------------.-----------.-.--.- - - .-.-...

Annex 8/ Page 25


B - Monitoring Plan

Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoring / Time / fre- Reason for monitoring Cost Institutional Re-ters have to be parameter to be of monitoring equip- quency of sponsibilitymonitored? monitored? ment? monitoring Install Operate Install Operate

Noise (dBA) Power House By listening. Normal Regularly, If it is more than usual Little Little Operatorduring con- level. VN Standard MT officestruction, 5949/1998 for NREEvery 6months

Dust (mg/m3) Project site Regularly, If there is too much dust Little Operatorduring con- (VN Standard 5937,1995) MT officestruction for NREc Every 60

- -~ months.o - ---- - - -,------ -- --- ..th ...-... .. . ... .. - --- ..... .... -.------- -2 No. of trees on project site counting before con- Compensation of the cut 400'000 - Operator

selected sites struction trees necessary plus MT office0 starts and at compen- for NREthe time of sation

commission- expensesing... .. .- . . - -.....n ,,,,, .,, ----------- -, ... .. ... .. ... ........ . . .

Erosion Project site and By observing, ap- Regularly, Loss of soil, water contami- Little Operator100m upstream pearance of land- during con- nation, sedimentation MT office

slides, erosion struction for NREEvery 6months

.. - -- ...... ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... .... .... .. .. ..... ... ...... ..... ... -. -........ --........ .... . . . . ......... ... -.. ........ .... ... ....... ..... .. ..............Solid waste Project site By observing, is Regularly, Pollution of vegetation and - little Operator(Material con- waste disposed only during con- water MT officestruction waste) at the defined site? struction for NREEvery 6months---- - - ------ -- ... .. ..-- --- .. ... .. .

Annex 8 / Page 26


Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoring / Time / fre- Reason for monitoring CstInstitutional Re-ters have to be parameter to be of monitoring equip- quency of sponsibilitymonitored? monitored? ment? monitoring Install Operate Install Operate

Pollution of Project site and By observing colours Regularly, Turbidity is an indicator of Observation: little Operator.stream water 100m down- change -> turbidity during con- water pollution. VN stan- 300,000 VND / day MT office

stream Instrument for turbid- struction dard for surface water for examination for NREity measurement 5942,1995 conducted by offi-

cer for NRESolid waste, oil, Project area, By observation: regularly, dur- Oil leakage poisones drink- Little Operator.grease (mg, g or river Check if there is any ing operation ing and irrigation water of MT officekg) leakage of oil and Every 6 the settlements down- for NRE

grease. If yes, does months stream and is poisonouslythe oil and grease aquatic and terrestric wildflow to the collecting life.tank or not? Is a pollu-tion of the river visi-ble? Is other kind ofwaste collected to a

e proper place or not?o Is the oil disposed in

proper way (no con-0. tamination of soil oro water)

Noise level Power house By listening. Normal regularly, dur- health of operators, impact Little Operator.(dBA) and by noise meas- ing operation on wild life MT office

urement instrument Every 6 for NREVillage interview months

Erosion project area and By observing, ap- Regularly, Loss of soil, water contami- Little Operator.100m upstream pearance of land- during con- nation, sedimentation MT office


Annex 8 / Page 27



Stream water 2 different ob- - observation, - daily base of living for people, - little Operatorquality servation points - Taking samples and - when a con- wild life and vegetation 400 000 MT officeanalyse in laboratory tamination is downstream for NRE- Interview with resi- expected - littledents

No. of trees on 10 sites, to be field study (counting) once a year trees are important for soil 400'000 Operator.selected sites defined consolidation, measure of MT officequality assurance for NRE

Fishes in the 4 sites, two up- field study (e.g. with once a year fish is an important part of 200'000 Operator.river, species / stream, two bow net, counting) the nutrition of the inhabi- MT officepopulation downstream Interview with fisher- tants. The fish population for NREmen has to be protected

Annex 8/ Page 28


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RARE5, Feasibility StudyWE Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Mu Ca Commune

SKETCH MRP OF SOIL IN MU CR COMMUNi

Legend* Stream, lake!

Ferralite grey soilHight mountainous humus grey soil

Page 31


SKETCH MAP OF FORfST IN MU CA COMMUNE

F

r

Legend

U Pure bamrboo* Mxed broadleaf and coniferous forest* ScrubL Scrub wit." scattered trees

Agr!cu tjra. and - wet rnce* -1 and -hill fied

Annex 8/ Page 32










RARE5, Feasibility StudyW Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

Annex 8:Initial Environmental Examination

1. Background and IntroductionThe project is to build a small hydropower plant (SHP) with a capacity of 50 kW andlocal distribution lines for the electrification of the remote hamlets Thu Lum, Pa Thangand Go Kha in the Thu Lum Commune, Muong Te district, Lai Chau province and toprovide electricity for 175 households in three hamlets of the commune, plus the ThuLum Committee.

Access to the project site is possible by foot paths which will be improved.The project includes the following parts:

o Weir, intake, headrace, forebay and penstockO Powerhouse with relevant equipmento Local medium & low voltage distribution systemThe main design parameters (factors) of this small hydropower plant are presented inthe following table.

Site Thu Lum, Communelocation according to map in Annex 2

Catchment area (km2) z 70 km2

Minimum stream flow Q347 (m3/s) 1.128 m3/s

Design flow (m3/s) 1.5

Approx. head (m) 4.80 m

Approx. power (kW) 50 kW

Distance from MHP to load centre * 5.2 km to Thu Lum Committee* 6 km to Thu Lum Hamlet* 8 km to Pa Thang Hamlet


The overspill weir is located approximately 10m downstream of the road bridge overthe La Pa River to Thu Lum village and will be founded on solid bedrock.The core of the weir is built from cyclopean concrete and covered with reinforced con-crete. The length of the overspill section is 29.5 m. The height of the weir is 2.5 m atthe deepest point of the stream; the depth of its foundation depends on the condition ofthe bedrock and will vary between 30 and 80 cm. The width of the weir crest is 95 cm,while the bottom width is 2.20 m (see figure below).

Annex 8, Page 1

RARE5, Feasibility Studywd Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

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Annex 8, Page 2

RARE5, Feasibility Study* Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

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Ane I , Page 3

RARE5, Feasibility StudyU Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune


2.1.1. Geographical locationThu Lum commune has its name of Thu Lum mountain with the peak of 2090 m. Thecommune's coordinates of longitude and latitude is 102043 E and 22072 N respectively.It is located about 115 km (road distance) on the North-West of Muong Te town and110 km (direct distance) from the national grid. Thu Lum commune has border line withChina in the East, West and North. Its neighboring commune is Ka Lang in the South.

2.1.2. Topography

The topography of the project site is strongly divided into small fragments and highslope (30 - 40%). In the surrounding area of the project site, there is a mountain peak,which reaches to 1000 m above sea level.

2.1.3. Soil

There are two types of soils in Thu Lum commune. The dominant soil is mountainoushumus gray soil. Its area (9476 ha) comprises about 83% of the total area of the com-mune. The second soil type is mountainous feralit gray soil with a small area of 1940ha (about 17%) and is concentrated in the south of the commune.

2.1.4. Climate

The Climate of Thu Lum area is characterized by tropical monsoon. It is rather wet andhas high annual rainfall (# 2800 mm) all year.

In winter it is rather dry. The rainfall amounts than only 150...250 mm (10% of the an-nual rainfall). There are 6 months of dry season (from October to March). In this sea-son, there are only 20.. .30 rain-days. Wet season begins earlier (from April) and last toSeptember (period of 6 months). 90% of the rain falls in this season, with a maximumof 400 - 500 mm (in July).


Temperature 230C 0.4°C (Dec) 41.2°C (May)Humidity 82% 88% (July) 15% (March)Wind directions Main directions: NE (Dec - Mar), S (Apr - Nov)

Minor directions: NW (Jan, May, June, Sep, Oct), W (Mar, June,July, Aug), N (Nov, Dec)speed


2.1.5. Hydrological conditionsIn Thu Lum commune, there are some small and big streams. Two rather big streams:Pa Thang stream with a catchment area of 9 - 10 km2 and approx minimum flow of0.1.. .0.2 m3/s, and La Po stream has a catchment area of 65 km2 and a minimum flowof 0.8...1.0 m3/s. In the rain season, these streams are full of water causing flood.

2.1.6. Vegetation cover* Savannah and scrub

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RARE5, Feasibility StudyW Consulting and Engineerng Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

The area of grass and scrub of the commune is about 5200 ha (- 46% of total landarea of the commune). It is the biggest land area of the commune. It is concentrated inthe commune's middle part. The dominant species of grass and scrub of this area are:co tranh (imperata), tre nua (Bambusa).

* Natural forest (evergreen forest)

Natural forest is the original type of forest which has been destroyed mostly by slash-and-burn forest clearing. Some distributed remains of it can be found in the high moun-tains of Thu Lum. It is concentrated mainly in the North of the commune and comprisesabout 12% of total land area of the commune. Some popular wood tree of this forestare: Gioi (Paramichelia), Re (Cinamomun), Coi (Plerocarya), Nay Thu Lu (Schima),Thung (Tetrameles).

* Scrub with scattered trees

The area of scrub with scattered tree is about 4500 ha (40% of total land area of thecommune). The area of 2500 ha with scrub and scattered trees is in the North - Westand other area of 2000 ha is in the South - West of the commune. In the area of scruband scattered trees, there are some species of grass like co tranh (imperata), co la tre(panicum) and species wood trees: Tong qua su (Alnus), Vang anh (saraca), Gao(Bombax) and bush: Mang tang (Litsea).

2.1.7. Fauna

In the evergreen forest and grass moor, scrub with scattered trees there are some spe-cies of wild animals such as Bo tot (Bos Gaures), Nai (Cevus), Hoang (Muntiacus),Vooc (Presbytis). The number of this mammals and other big wild animals is small incomparation with the other communes.

o Birds: Cao cat (Anthracoceros), Cong (Pava), Phuong hoang dat (Buceros) andGa loi (Lophura).

o Fish: in La Pa stream, there are some species of fish such as Ca trach hoa (Co-bitis), Ca ngao (Culter), Ca diec bac (Carassius sp), Ca nhung (Carassius).

2.2. Socio - economic condition'The population amounts 1718 inhabitants (March, 2005), of which 89.7% are Ha Nhiand 10.3% Dao, living in 282 households. 485 persons are working in the agriculturesector, and the population growth amounts 2.98%.

No Village/ hamlet No of households Population (person)

1 Thu Lum 72 452 (by Mar, 2005)2 Go Kha 48 2903 Pa Thang 55 3264 Lo Na 36 2305 Cong Kha 35 2156 U Ma Tu Khoong 36 205

Total 282 1718

The total income of the commune amounts 3'262'895 MVND, resulting in an incomeper person of 1'955'000 VND per year. 131 households have an annual income of less

1 Bases on the information mentioned in the "Socio-economic report of small-sized hydro powerstation project"t from Ms Tam

Annex 8, Page 5


than 960'000 VND per person, additional 101 less than 1'080'000 VND per person (lowincome), additional 30 with less than 1'200'000 VND and 7 households have more than1'200'000 VND per year. The commune produces 460.5 tons of rice equivalents peryear, resulting in 456.6 kg food per year and person.

This information may provide / help local government back ground information (LaiChau province, Muong Te district) for the decision of setting the electricity fees.The total land area of Thu Lum commune amounts to 11 '417 ha of which are 383 harice land, 652 ha crop land and 7'029 ha forest land and 18 ha residential and gardenland.

A nursery school with one class and 18 pupils and a primary and secondary schoolwith 27 classes and 388 pupils are present in the commune. The rate of literacyamounts 32%, 238 households have a radio, 66 a cassette recorder and 3 a TV.A health centre with four rooms and two beds exists too.




3.1.1. Topography

During the construction phase of the project, some activities like digging, soil and rockloading (filling), ground levelling and so on may cause a certain impact on the topogra-phy. The construction of the powerhouse will cause an additional change of the topog-raphy. The area of this impact is estimated 400.. .500 m2 and considered as small. Theconstruction of a water conveyance system may cause a slightly impact on the topog-raphy. For access, no road has to be built; the existing path will be improved and theeffects to the topography can be minimised.


There will be no impact of the project on topography during operation phase.

3.1.2. Soil, erosionDuring construction phase and during rain season, soil erosion may be occurred due topowerhouse and yard construction, access making, road improvement etc. Soil dump-ing on the slopes could cause soil / land slide. Eroded soil is one kind of sediments ofthe project's stream section/ site.


3.1.3. Land useThe area of land used for the hydropower plant (powerhouse and other supporteditems is small (about 500 m2 ). At the project site, there is no agricultural land, there isgrass and scattered bush and fallow land. Therefore construction phase of the projectwill have no impact on land use.

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RARE5, FeasibilityStudyW Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

The medium& low voltage distribution systems are integrated into the landscape andlead along existing footpaths and the riverbed. Therewith land take can be minimisedand the impact is considered as negligible.


The area of the project (powerhouse) now is covered by grass, bush and few smallwood trees. The construction of the powerhouse and the improvement of the accesspath will need clearance of grass, bush and few small wood trees. About 30...40 smalltrees (size of tree, Diameter: 5 - 10 cm, height: 5 - 10 m) would be cut. This impact isgraded as small, negligible and can be mitigated during design, construction and op-eration.


3.1.5. Air qualityThere could be a minor impact on the air quality during the construction phase on drydays. Soil dust originating from the construction (manual work) with low loading andlow concentration (less than 0.2 mg/m3) can be expected2 .There will be practically no noise created during construction due to the fact that therewill be minimal use of noise-generating equipment and machines. The impact is gradedas minor and negligible.


3.1.6. Water stream qualityRun-off may bring loose soil, litter, and garbage created during the construction to thestream and would cause water turbidity. The downstream section of about 100 m fromthe project site may be polluted during heavy rain-days. During the construction of theoverspill weir, the turbidity of water may be increased. Due to the small amount of soiland rubbish created during the construction, therefore its impacts on water quality willbe minor and temporarily limited3.The use of oil-hydraulic actuators during the operation of the hydropower plant re-quests regularly substitution of the oil. The lack of suitable disposal places represents apotential risk for unsuitable disposal and contamination of the water.In fact, local people do not use down stream water for drinking purpose, therefore therewill be no impact of the project during construction and operation on water supply fordrinking.

Vietnamese Standard for Ambient Air Quality, TCVN 5937-1995, average 24h: 0.2 mg/r 3 fordust concentration3 in comparison to the Vietnamese Standard for Surface Water Quality (TCVN 5942-1995)

Annex 8, Page 7

RARE5, Feasibility StudyWd Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune


3.1.8. Fauna

Construction activities may cause negative impacts on the moving of wild animals.These impacts may be negligible, but have to be considered. During the operationalphase no impact is expected.

It is necessary to deal with the negative impact of construction activities on fish (habitatand population) in the project stream section, especially for fish which are sensitive tothe small change of aquatical ecosystem or disturbance caused by the project.In dry season, the overspill weir might be an obstacle to fish movement from down-stream to upstream. On the other side, upstream fish movement takes only place inspawning season to reach the spawning grounds. For the relevant fully-grown fishesthe weir is just another obstacle in the river (as many natural ones already exist), andthe fishes should be able to pass upstream without any problems.At almost all time, there will be flow remaining in the residual flow section of the river,only during a few hours in the evening during less than a month, the complete flow willbe utilised for power generation. Additionally, these very lean months are usually notrelevant for upstream fish movement.






3.1.11. Soil erosion

There is no actual impact on soil erosion. An appropriate water drainage system hasbeen considered and will be constructed to avoid water spreading which could causesoil erosion.Erosion is not only an environmental thread but also poses a hazard to the civil con-struction (stability of substructures) and was therefore thoroughly considered during thedetailed design.

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RARE5, Feasibility StudyConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

3.2. Positive impactUp to now, almost households of Thu Lum commune still use kerosene for lighting. Ac-cording to the project's design, the hydropower plant with capacity of 50-55 kW willsupply electricity for 175 households of 3 hamlets: 72 households in Thu Lum (com-mune centre), 48 households in Go Kha and 55 households in Pa Thang. This meansthat 62% (175/282) of total commune's households will be beneficiary of the project.Beneficiaries are:

o People (64%, 1068 persons) of Thu Lum, Go Kha, Pa Thang and Thu LumCommittee

o 406 pupils of nursery, primary and secondary schools.a The commune's infirmary (Health care centre)

Electricity allows the use for multiple purposes, such as lighting, television, fan, radio,cassette and cooking will be increased. The pupils will have a chance to learn at homeand at school with the use of electric light. The positive impact of the project on the lifeof Thu Lum commune will be long-term and the project's benefit will be very high.Another positive impact will be the reduction of fuel wood consumption in the com-mune. For certain type of cooking electricity can be used instead of wood. This will re-duce the amount of collected fuel wood and leads to a limitation of forest damage.One of component (electricity, road, school and infirmary) of the policy on social - eco-nomic development for rural and mountainous (remote) areas has been implementingin Thu Lum

Electricity supply for Thu Lum (Frontier area) is very significant in term of political andsocial aspects:

o To keep people stay at their homelando To limit villagers may move to China by providing them good life's conditionso To give expression to concern of the Vietnamese Party and Government (Central

and Local) in socio-economic development of remote areas




o Failure in electric installationThe frequency of incidents is estimated initially as high (20 to 30 incidents in the firsttwo years) and later as moderate (5 to 10 incidences per year).All inhabitants are exposed to the risk, but especially children and old people should beconsidered. Faulty electrical equipment can cause electric shock, injuries or evendeath, or can cause fire which could damage property (house, furniture, domestic ani-mals).

Annex 8, Page 9



3.4.1. Vegetation coverIt is necessary to limit tree cutting, avoid big and precious tree during making road, ac-cess and constructing power house. For doing that, workers must follow the project'splan and design.

Tree cutting must be controlled by project's managers and leaders of people committeeof Thu Lum commune.

It is absolutely necessary to limit tree cutting and avoid the felling of big and precioustrees. For doing that, workers must follow the project's plan and design. The tree cut-ting must be controlled by the project managers and leaders of the people committee ofThu Lum commune.

3.4.2. Air quality

During the construction phase at dry days, soil has to be watered to reduce soil dustemitted to the air. Water for the reduction of dust can be taken from the nearest stream.

3.4.3. Water quality

Solid waste (waste soil, rock, tree roots, grass, trees, bush, human wastes...) disposalhas to be established in a suitable site. This will minimize solid waste loading to thestream.

If automatic actuators are necessary, oil-hydraulic systems must not be used. Insteadof them electric actuators could be used.

There is no impact on drinking water. Drinking water is not collected from the river.

3.4.4. Erosion

To avoid run-off and sedimentation caused by grading for the civil construction of thehydropower plant and to avoid the alteration of the hydrological pattern, the design andconstruction of these components must be examined carefully. An appropriate waterdrainage system has to be considered and constructed when needed to avoid waterspreading which could cause soil eros ion.

3.4.5. Waste

It is necessary to allocate a toilet (washroom) and a domestic solid waste disposal forthe workers. Finding an appropriate site for the toilet and the domestic solid wastedumping is recommended. The septic tank (toilet) and the waste water from the toilethas to be treated, e.g. by soil absorption.

3.4.6. Safety

The project must provide labour safety facilities like clothes, gloves, boots, gauzemasks / respirators for workers. Workers must use these during working in the field(construction).


Annex 8, Page 10


3.4.7. Training

To reduce the risk due to the use of electricity, villagers must be trained in the use ofelectricity and the danger associated with it. The inhabitants must be trained beforethey are supplied with electricity. The project has to cooperate with the local govern-ment (PC) of the commune and Muong Te district to organize training courses on theuse of electricity.

There will be two steps of the training courses:

o First training course for village leaders, villagers' representatives, executed by ex-perts.

o Second training: participants of ls training course will teach the other villagers un-der the supervision of an expert.

3.4.8. Fauna

The fish movement has to be considered in the planning of the hydro plant. If themovement gets interrupted, a fish pass system has to be implemented.

3.5. Environmental controlEnvironmental control must be done during the construction and the operation phase ofthe project. The following environmental factors (components) should be considered:o Vegetationo Air and water qualityo Amount of solid wastes, solid waste collection and disposal.o Safety aspectso Risk due to use of electricityVietnamese Standards for Ambient Air Quality (TCVN 5937-1995) and Surface WaterQuality (TCVN 5942-1995) and other Environmental Regulations of Central and LocalGovernment have to be applied during Environmental Control.

4. Environmental Management

4.1. Institutions

o Commune level (Thu Lum): one person from the people committee (PC) of ThuLum commune will be responsible for natural resources and environment of thecommune. He / she will help the PC of the commune in managing the commune'snatural resource and environment. The PC of the commune should help and coop-erate with environmental impact assessor in field survey, data collection, interviewetc...

o District level (Muong Te district).The office of resources and environment of theMuong Te district helps the PC of the district in managing district resources andenvironment. Thu Lum is one cell of the office of resources and environment ofMuong Te district. This office may help and cooperate with the environmental im-pact assessor in providing letter of permission or letter of introduction, in field sur-vey, data collection....

o Provincial level (Lai Chau): The department of Resources and Environment ofLai Chau province (DONRE) is responsible for checking the Initial EnvironmentalExamination (IEE) in the identification stage and the necessity of a full EIA.DONRE is responsible for the approval of the IEE and EIA report for issuing the

Annex 8, Page 11

RARE5, Feasibility Study*4W Consulting and Engineerng Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

environment certificate for the project. During implementation, DONRE will super-vise the compliance of the project to the environmental requirements.

o Project management unit (PMU): The PMU's role is very important. The PMU isresponsible for the environmental issue of the project in construction phase: i)monitor the environment; ii) evaluate the environmental impacts; iii) solve the envi-ronmental problems; iv) co-ordinate with relevant organizations in Muong Te dis-trict and Lai Chau provincial level on order to prepare environmental reports (forapproval of reports). Next step (operation phase), PMU needs to set up the plan ofenvironmental activities for operation phase: i) recruit a staff who knows about en-vironmental field; ii) set up the schedule for environmental activities for each year.Next step (operation phase): The PMU is responsible for the environmental moni-toring and the implementation of the different mitigation measures. The PMU trainsthe operators as far as needed to allow them to do the job in a proper manner



Environ- Parameter No of points Frequency Implementing Cost (VND)mental com- / sites of person / re-ponents monitoring sponsibility

Tree No of tree / area 10 2 times / operator (or 400'000(m2, ha) year DOME) / PC of

Thu Lum com-mune

Stream water water level 2 daily operator (or 400 000Turbidity DOME) / PC ofOil contamination Thu Lum com-

muneSolid waste! Volume, weight, 5 1 time / operator (or 300'000Environmental composition year DOME) / PC ofsanitation Thu Lum com-

muneFish in stream Species / popula- 4 1 time / operator (or 200'000

tion year DOME) / PC ofThu Lum com-mune

Risk No. of incidents, connected 2 times / operator (or 400'000No. of persons at villages year DOME) / PC ofrisk Thu Lum com-

muneErosion Area, volume of 6 After flood operator (or 400'000

soil I rock or heavy DOME) / PC ofrain Thu Lum com-

muneTotal 2 100 000

Annex 8, Page 12

RARE5, Feasibility StudyR Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

For details about environmental monitoring, please refer to Annex

4.2.1. Method of monitoring

o Water quality assesment: observation/o Solid wastes: Volume and weight measurementO Erosion, tree, fish...: ObservationO Fish, risk, erosion, tree...: Interview / questionnaire by field survey

4.3. Environmental awareness and trainingA one day training course for the 3 leaders of the villages and 6 village representativesshall be carried out in parallel to the construction phase. The course could take place atthe meeting room of the PC of Thu Lum commune. The officers of PC of Muong Te dis-trict or the operators of the hydro power plant can be the teachers. The costs for a oneday training course are estimated to 2'450'000 VND (see table below).


9 participants 50'000 450'0002 teachers 200'000 400'000Lunch and tea break 1'000'000Room 100'000Hand out 500'000Total 2'450'000

Environmental protection issues shall be treated at the meetings of the village and ofthe commune. Inhabitants have to be informated regularly about environmental protec-tion. The Project Management Board (PMB) and PC of Muong Te district are responsi-ble for providing Environmental Protection material (booklet, brochure) to Thu Lumcommune. Costs are estimated to 1'000'000 VND per year.



The project costs of the Thu Lum hydro power plant are estimated to 237 400 USD in-cluding the transmission and distribution network, of which the central governmentpays 80%, the Lai Chau province pays 10% and the consumers of Thu Lum communepays 10%. By connecting 175 households, the cost per household amounts to 1 345USD per household. The investment in electric installation material (electric wire,socket, switch, breaker...) is estimated to 300 000 VND.

- Operational cost

The average selling price of electricity use is estimated to 1 000 VND per kWh. Thisestimated cost is based on the current status of electricity use of villagers living in low-income in rural areas of North Vietnam.

- Benefit

Annex 8, Page 13

RARE5, Feasibility Studyw Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune


4.4.2. Kerosene use

- Cost

Kerosene does have negligible initial cost, but the operational costs are about 25'400VND per month and household. Buying Kerosene in Muong Te town (distance 17 km)takes about one day per month, estimated to 5'400 VND per month. The total costs forthe use of Kerosene amounts to 20'000 VND per month.

- Benefit



6. ConclusionsAn off-grid small hydropower plant with a capacity of 50... 55 kW will be constructed inThu Lum commune and will bring socio-economic benefit to 175 households. The pro-ject will bring major improvements in the community everyday life through the provisionof electricity for lighting, TV, productive use, school and the health centre. The con-sumption of kerosene and wood will be decreased.

On the other hand, the project also has small and negligible impacts on tree, fish, waterquality and other environmental components. The use of the project's electricity maycause a risk to villages. These negative impacts and risks could be fully mitigated dur-ing design, construction and operation. The socio-economic and environmental benefitof the project is much higher than the cost of mitigation of negative impacts caused bythe project.

Annex 8, Page 14

RARE5, Feasibility StudyU Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune


Scoring guideline:

Plus: Positive impacts (e.g. leading to environmental improvements)

o 3: Major improvementso 2: Minor improvemento 1: Uncertain but likely improvement, subject to more detailed assessmentMinus: negative impacts

o 3: Serious significant impacts and should be abandonedo 2: Impacts can be mitigatedo 1: Uncertain but likely potential impacts, subject to more detailed assessmento 0: No impacts

1.1.1 Project Data

Title: Thu Lum Small Hydropower Plant Description: Micro power plant of 50 kW;Province: Lai Chau Major Components: Weir, Headrace, Fore-District: Muong Te bay, Penstock, Powerhouse; Distribution lineCommune: Thu Lum Key Environmental Issues: electrification ofCost Estimate: USD 235 400 (incl. T&D) unexperienced people, water quality, land-Environment Classification: Category B slides

Construction contract period: 8 months


Environ- Project Impacts Mitigation Development Scoremental MeasuresCriteria

0)

Air quality Negligible impact during the con- No need 0 0struction phase. No impact duringoperation phase


Water quality Negligible impact in the construc- Prevent run-off of solid 0 0tion phase during rainy days caus- wasteing water turbiditySolid waste dumping can have an careful selection of dis- 1impact on the water quality posal sites and toiletThe awareness creation during 1the construction phase throughconfrontation with mitigtationmeasures could increase in mid-term the interaction of the inhabi-tants with the river

Water supply No impact 0 0systems

Annex 8a, Page 15

RARE5, Feasibility Study* Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune


Irrigation sys- No impact 0 0tems

Drainage No No 0 0

Water born No impact 0 0disease

Flooding No impact by project but excep- project designed to with- 0 0tional flood, may damage the di- stand 50-yearly floodversion structure and intake

Recreation No 0 0

Mining not existing 0 0

Erosion Negligible Impact of the construc- concrete embankment for 1tion phase of the project, only dur- some places neededing rain days

Sedimentation During construction phase, sedi- soil and rock from con- 0 0mentation may be caused struction must be

dumped at proper site


Land take Only waste land No need 0 0Low voltage distribution line: neg- Integration of the lowligible voltage distribution line in

the landscape

Tree & crops Only some small trees have to be Carefulness is needed in 1cut during the construction phase design and constructionof the hydro plant compensation

Wetland effect No 0 0

Resettlement No 0 0

Landscape Project may cause small change The power plant and the 0 0effects of landscape low voltage distribution


Ecology and Project may cause negligible im- If the fish movement is 0 0nature conser- pact; fish movement could be af- interrupted, a fish passvation fected system has to be imple-

mented


Disruption due No road has to be constructed, Carefulness is needed in 0 0to construction the site can be accessed by im- design and construction

proved foot paths; minor impacts and selection of externaldue to external workers living in workersthe villages

Annex 8a, Page 16

RARE5, Feasibility StudyWAConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune


IL

Social effect Improving the living quality (illumi- 3nation, education, cultural life)


Risk due to the use electricity Training of the inhabi- 1tants, electric fuses /safety and redundantsystems

Health impact 3

Security im- 3pact

Totals: 13 4

Annex 8a, Page 17


Annex 8b:SHP Designers Simplified Environmental Engineering

ChecklistScore: Prepared by: entec agClass: B Date: 22 NovemberMajor environmental concerns: impact on fish Approved by:movement, risk of electric shock Date:Decision: EIA is not requiredJustification : Impacts are minor and could bemitigated in technical design



Yes No Yes No

Air quality Village locations x xNoise and Temples x xvibration Schools and hospitals x x

Recreational sites x xWater qual- Water supply x xity Irrigation x x


Geology Mining x xand soil Erosion x x





Ecology Aquatic bio-resources5 x x

4 Land take is estimated to about 500 m2 max

5 as long as the fish movement is not blocked, the influence is minimised

Annex 8b, Page 18

RARE5, Feasibility Studyconsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune



Yes No Yes No

and nature Terrestrial bio- x6 xconserva- resourcestion National park locations x x

Protected species x x

Areas of special scien- x xtific interest


Archaeological sites x x

Battle fields and ceme- x xteries


Socio- Ethnic community x xeconomic Handicraft x xconditions

Transportation x x

6 because of the construction activities, terrestrial bio-resources could be influencedtemporary

Annex 8b, Page 19

RARE5, Feasibility StudyFAConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune




Installation Operating Installation Operating

Flow obstruction Suitable plan, included in tender document of con- Included in None Thu Lum HP Operators of Thustruction and installation parts maintain a flow as de- the cost for plant construction Lum HP plantsigned construction

Construction material, Suitable construction plan, tight construction supervi- Not to be None Thu Lum HP Operators of Thuwaste sion; suitable tanks and place for waste collecting, divided plant construction Lum HP plant, Thu

dumping separately,. Lum PCDetail infor-mation incost estima-tion in FS

.0 Dust watering the site with river water during dry days None None Thu Lum HP Operators of Thuplant construction Lum HP plant, Thu

Lum PC- ---- ---- ---- -.--- - - --- - - --- - - ------------- - - ---- -- - ---- ------ - - -o Noise No influence, far from residential areas None None Thu Lum HP Operators of Thu

Uplant construction Lum HP plantTree cutting, affected Tight monitoring, supplying sufficient wood I timber Not to be None Thu Lum HP Operators of Thuvegetable cover for construction, compensation of cut trees, no ac- divided plant construction Lum HP plant

cess road (only improved foot path) separately,.Integration of the low voltage distribution line into the Detail infor-landscape mation in

cost estima-tion in ES

Camps Suitably arranged with toilet area as regulated None None Thu Lum HP Operators of Thuplant construction Lum HP plant

Annex 8d, Page 20

RARE5, Feasibility Study-r Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

Water quality Abandonment of the application of oil-hydraulic ac- None None Thu Lum HP Operators of Thutuators plant construction Lum HP plant

Labour Safety Instructions about labour safety None None Thu Lum HP Operators of Thuplant construction Lum HP plant

Annex 8d, Page 21

RARE5, Feasibility StudyConsulting and Engineering Micmr Hydropowr Development in Thu Lum Commune_

Isu iiaigMaueCost Institutional Responsibility

Installation Operating Installation OperatingLand take Carefully selection of site for all items of the None None MHP construc- Operators of MHP

project tion plant and PCDeforestation There are mountain slopes with grass and MHP construc- Operators and PC

bushes in the project area. Tight management tion of MHP plantof tree cutting Operators and ThuCompensation of cut trees Lum PC

Flow obstruction Inconsiderable because the over-spilt weir with None None MHP construc- Operators of MHPa low height tion plant and PCMaintain a flows of at least 5 I/s at all times

Fishery The fish movement shall be monitored. None None MHP plant con- Operator of MHPstruction plant and PC

C Waste from Power- Check, collect and treat timely None None MHP construc- Operators of MHP4.2 house Prevention of use of oil-hydraulic actuators tion plant and PC

4) Camps None0. - --- - - -- - --- - - - - ------O Fishery The fish movement has to be considered in the Included in the None MHP plant con- Operator of MHP

planning of the hydro plant. If the movement cost for construc- struction plantgets interrupted, a fish pass system has to be tionimplemented.---- -- - -- - -- -. ....-.....- -.-. ..-. ... ......-. ... ....-...-. ....-.- ----- -

Labour Safety Instruction about labour safety, supply sufficient MHP construc- Operators of MHPlabour safety tools and equipment tion plant and PC

Erosion Water drainage and sediment trap in erosion Not to be divided To be included in MHP construc- Operators and Thusensitive areas, concrete embankment will be separately, to be operator wage tion Lum PCconstructed where necessary included in con-

struction costEcology & Nature Con- Training, creation of environmental awarene'ss 2'450'000 VND 1'OOOO N a MT office for Operators of MHPservation I Risk of (together with electric risk training) year NRE I or plant and PCElectric Shock DONRE

Annex 8d, Page 22

RARE5, Feasibility Studyr-Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

Risk of Electric Shock Proper Safety Equipment has to be used in the Equipment of the little (mainte- Thu Lum HP Operators of MHPhydropower plant as well as in residential in- hydropower nance), included plant construc- plant and PCstallations. Installations have to be carried out plant is included in operation cost tionby experienced, trained and proficient electric in the construc-workers. Implementation of redundant safety tion costsystems.Regularly checks of residential installations(first two years every year, afterwards all fiveyears

Sedimentation Sedimentation accumulated in the settling No No Operators of MHPbasins of the SHP, will be flushed back into plant and PCthe river in regular intervals. Therefore theoverall amount of sediments carried in theriver is neutral, but becomes periodic,compared to steady as it is in the naturalstream.

If absolutely required it would be possibleto implement settling basins with a con-stant flushing mechanism (such as "auto-matic settling basin" or a Dufour type ba-sin), but these are costly, difficult to designand construct, and in practice frequentlyfail to operate as anticipated.

This also has an impact on the generationcapacity, mainly during the lean season, aswater is required permanently for flushing(approx. 10% of design flow).

Annex 8d, Page 23


B - Monitoring Plan

Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoring I Time I fre- Reason for monitoring Cost Institutional Re-ters have to be parameter to be of monitoring equip- quency of sponsibilitymonitored? monitored? ment? monitoring Install Operate Install Operate

Noise (dBA) Power House By listening. Normal Regularly. If it is more than usual Little Little -Operator.

during con- level. VN Standard MT officestruction 5949/1998 for NREEvery 6months

Dust (Mg/in3) Project site Regularly, If there is too much dust Little -Operator

during con- (VN Standard 5937,1995) MT officestructioni for N RE

No. of trees on project site counting before con- Compensation of the cut -400'000 OperatorC selected sites struction trees necessary plus MT office

0starts and at compen- for NREthe time of sationcommission- expensesing

Erosion Project site and By observing, ap- Regularly, Loss of soil, water con- -Little -Operator

lOOm upstream pearance of land- during contamination, sedimentation MT officeslides, erosion struction for NRE

Every 6months

Solid waste Project site By observing, is Regularly, Pollution of vegetation and -little -Operator

(Material con- waste disposed only during con- water MT officestruction waste) at the defined site? struction for NREEvery 6months

Annex 8d, Page 24



Pollution of Project site and By observing colours Regularly, Turbidity is an indicator of Observation: little Operator.stream water 100m down- change -> turbidity during con- water pollution. VN stan- 300,000 VND / day MT office

stream Instrument for turbid- struction dard for surface water for examination for NREity measurement 5942,1995 conducted by offi-

cer for NRESolid waste, oil, Project area, By observation: regularly, dur- Oil leakage poisones drink- Little Operator.grease (mg, g or river Check if there is any ing operation ing and irrigation water of MT officekg) leakage of oil and Every 6 the settlements down- for NRE

grease. If yes, does months stream and is poisonouslythe oil and grease aquatic and terrestric wildflow to the collecting life.tank or not? Is a pollu-tion of the river visi-ble? Is other kind ofwaste collected to aproper place or not?

o Is the oil disposed inproper way (no con-

0. tamination of soil orO water)

Noise level Power house By listening. Normal regularly, dur- health of operators, impact Little Operator.(dBA) and by noise meas- ing operation on wild life MT office


Erosion project area and By observing, ap- Regularly, Loss of soil, water con- Little Operator.100m upstream pearance of land- during contamination, sedimentation MT office


Annex 8d, Page 25


Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoring I Time I fre- Reason for monitoring CotInstitutional Re-ters have to be parameter to be of monitoring equip- quency of sosbltmonitored? monitored? ment? monitoring Install Operate Install Operate

Stream water 2 different ob- - observation, - daily base of living for people, -- little Operatorquality servation points - Taking samples and - when a con- wild life and vegetation -400 000 MT office

analyse in laboratory tamination is downstream for NRE- Interview with resi- expected -liftle

dentsNo. of trees on 1 0 sites, to be field study (counting) once a year trees are important for soil -400'000 -Operator.

selected sites defined consolidation, measure of MT officequality assurance for NRE

Fishes in the 4 sites, two up- field study (e.g. with once a year fish is an important part of 200'000 Operator.river, species I stream, two bow net, counting) the nutrition of the inhabi- MT officepopulation downstream Interview with fisher- tants. The fish population for NRE

men has to be protected

Annex 8d, Page 26


Annex 8d:Survey on the current status of kerosene and electricity household use in Thu Lum com-

muneHousehold mini hydropower generator Kerosene use

No Household Purpose of Lamp and Cost Purpose of Cost Place of Distance Times of Whouse capacity (VND) use Quantity (VND/month) kerosene (km) buying buymarket

lighting, cook- Before: light- fore Man (be-1 Chu La Hu ing, TV, ra- 2 lamps x ing, Now: 60 I/year 9 000 focMmue-s 60 times/year female

dio/cassette 75W smoking centre (now)times/ye

. Pac Ma (be- 22 iL a lighting, TV, 3 lamps x 30 000 - Bef,ore: light-r 4500fore) and 60times/year; ml2 Si Li Ca radio/cassefte 75W 40 000 in, ingow 30 /year 4 500 commune's 601 time/4 ' male

soigcentre (now) month

Before: light- Pac Ma (be-3 Ly Ha Xu ing, Now: commune's 60 1 time/year male

smoking centre (now)

CuPu lgtn,r- 2 lamps x Before: light- Pac Ma (be-4 ChPh lihigra 75W ing, Now: 20 1/year 3 000 fore) and 402tm/er al

Chu dio/cassette 2 lamps x smoking commune's 40 2 time/year male40W centre (now)

lighting, TV, 2 lamps x Before: light-5 Chu Xe Lu lgtn,T,ing, Now: ----radio/cassette 75W smoking

Annex 8d, Page 27

RARE5, Feasibility Study*-Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

LOCATION OF THU LUM COMMUNE, MUONG TE DISTRICT

pa i

M"c' -C

r r- .-

-a P .-MS ' . , .

I- . 1\ / ..-.

NaI --- -,a & C-! I

/o / p

! Ta T& 9 ,

K. M4|m9Nh~ * k / Msr 4 J

.Fu s ,ni Kai

M-ed TPg2

nex 8d, Page 28

RARE5, Feasibility Studyr Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

SKETCH MAP OF TOPOGRAPHY IN THU LUM COMMUNE

' ;,,,1 , ,/ a

,- ,~ C, \ -- ,- ,

ta > J <Legend.. . y ..700

1.00

A,< 1., 500

.1-700

a / - - - - Io

7P000->2500

Bd, Page 29

RARE5, Feasibility Study' Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

SKETCH MAP OF SOIL IN THU LUM COMMUNE

Legend* Ferralite grey soil

= _--_-_- | Mountainous humus grey soil

aX 8d, Page 30

RARE5, Feasibility StudyiSrConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Thu Lum Commune

SKETCH MAP OF FOREST IN THU LUM COMMUNE

Legend* Evergreen fores?! Scrub* Scrub rdh scattered trees

Annex 8d, Page 31

RARE Nam Si luong, Feasibility Studyr Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Muong Te district)









RARE5, Feasibility Study

WUConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

Annex 8: Initial Environmental Examination

1. Background and IntroductionThe project is to build a small hydropower plant (SHP) with a capacity of 25 kW and

local distribution lines for the electrification of the remote hamlets Tan Bien (communecentre), Mo Chi and Pa U in Muong Te district, Lai Chau province and to provide elec-tricity for 81 households in four hamlets of the commune.

Access to the project site is possible by foot paths which will be improved.

The project includes the following parts:

o Diversion structure in the river, intake, headrace, forebay and penstock

o Powerhouse with relevant equipment

o Local medium and low voltage distribution lines

The main design parameters (factors) of this small hydropower plant are presented in

the following table.

Site Pa Ulocation: : N24 96 350, E482 61 500 (UTM WGS84)

Catchment area 17.4 km2

Minimum stream flow Q347 0.205 m3/s

Design flow 0.270 m3/s

Approx. head 14 m

Approx. power 25 kW

Distance from MHP to load centre * 2.7 km to Pa U hamlet

* 2.5 km to Tan Bien

* 3.2 km to Mo Chi

Ae,g-

Annex 8, Page 1

RARE5, Feasibility StudyFW Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

The closest interconnection point to the national grid is 85 km away. If the grid is estab-lished in the district, the closest interconnection point would be in Ban Giang hamlet(12 km).


The overspill weir is located approximately 10m downstream of the confluence of Pa Ustream with a smaller stream approximately 1 km southwest from Pa U village and willbe founded on solid bedrock. The core of the weir is built from cyclopean concrete andcovered with reinforced concrete. The length of the overspill section is 30 m. Theheight of the weir is up to 1.70 m at the deepest point of the stream; the depth of itsfoundation depends on the condition of the bedrock and will vary between 40 and 80cm. The width of the weir crest is 80 cm, while the bottom width is 3.60 m.

On the left end of the weir, next to the intake, a sluice opening (60 x 60 cm) can beclosed with stop logs during normal operation of the plant.

Annex 8, Page 2

RARE5, Feasibility Study- Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

x0l I

Annex 8, P>age 3


W Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

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Annex 8, Page 4

RARE5, Feasibility StudyEd Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

2. Description of the Environment

2.1. Physical environment

2.1.1. Geographical location

Pa U commune's coordinates of longitude and latitude is 102067 E and 22060 N re-spectively. It is located about 60 km on the North West of Muong Te town. Pa U is bor-dering with Ka Lang and Muong Te in the west, Bum To and Pa Ve Su in the East andNam Khao commune and Muong Te town in the South.

Pa U also the name of Pha U Mountain with the peak of 1770 m.

2.1.2. Topography

The altitude of the project site is 800 m above sea level. The slopes of the mountainreach 60 - 70%. There are 2 mountain peak of 1223 m and 1332 m above sea level inthis area.

2.1.3. Soil

There are 3 types of soils in Pa U commune. The mountainous humus grey soil domi-nate in the commune (70%). The second largest is mountain Ferralite grey soil and thissoil is surrounded by the mountainous humus grey soil in the East, North and West. Asmall area of the mountainous Alit grey soil is located in the North-East of the com-mune.

2.1.4. Climate

The Climate of Pa U area is characterized by tropical monsoon. It is rather wet and hashigh annual rainfall (, 2800 mm) all year.

In winter it is rather dry. The rainfall amounts than only 150...250 mm (10% of the an-nual rainfall). There are 6 months of dry season (from October to March). In this sea-son, there are only 20.. .30 rain-days. Wet season begins earlier (from April) and last toSeptember (period of 6 months). 90% of the rain falls in this season, with a maximumof 400 - 500 mm (in July).


Temperature 230C 41.2 0C (May) 0.4°C (Dec)

Humidity 82% 88% (July) 15% (March)

Wind directions Main directions: NE (Dec - Mar), S (Apr - Nov)Minor directions: NW (Jan, May, June, Sep, Oct), W (Mar, June,July, Aug), N (Nov, Dec)speed


2.1.5. Hydrological conditions

In this area, Pa U stream is the biggest one. The other streams are smaller. Thecatchment area of Pa U stream is 17 km2. The stream has a good gradient for hydro-power plant.

2.1.6. Vegetation cover

Savannah and scrub

Annex 8, Page 5

RARE5, Feasibility StudyW Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

In Pa U, a large area of land (about 70% of total land area of the commune) is coveredby grass and scrub. Co tranh (Imperata) is the main grass species of the commune.Species of scrub: Mang tang (Litsea), Thanh nganh (Cratoxylum), Thoi ba (Alangium),Co khiet (Dalbergia Hupeana), Thich (Acer), Tre nua (Bambusa).

* Natural forest (evergreen forest)

Natural forest is the original type of forest which has been destroyed mostly by slash-and-burn forest clearing. Some distributed remains of it can be found in the high moun-tains of Pa U.This forest remains in the North and high mountains of the commune. Itcomprises about 11% of total land area of the commune. Populate wood tree speciesof this forest are: Gioi (Poramichelia), May thu lu (Schima), Gie gai (Castanopsis),Nhoc (Polyalthia), Cang lo (Betulaceae), Goi (Aglaia).

* Scrub with scattered trees

About 11 percent of the total natural land area in Pa U is categorized as scrub withscattered trees. In this area, there are grass such as Co tranh (Imperata), Co la tre(Panium) and other grass species. Wood tree species: Tong qua su (Almus), Vang Anh(Saraca), May thu lu (Schima), Gao (Bombax), Den (Cleidiocarpa), Coi (Pterocarya),Thoi ba (Alangium).

* Agricultural land

The area of agricultural land (rice land, crop land) f Pa U is about 1110 ha (; 4% totalarea of the commune). Cassava and maize are grown in the hill fields and the maincrop of the commune.

2.1.7. Fauna

In the above mentioned areas some popular wild animals species can be found:

o Mammals: Bos Gaurus, Cervus, Muntiacuso other wild animals: Panthera Tigris, Panthera Pardus, Elephas, Presbytisa birds, e.g. Anthracoceros, Pavo, Buceras, Lophurao Fish, e.g. Cobitis, Culter, Carassius sp, Carassius, Hermibassus

2.2. Socio - economic condition'

The population amounts 2443 inhabitants (end of 2004), all of them are of La Hu eth-nic, living in 400 households. 690 persons are working in the agriculture sector, and thepopulation growth amounts 2.81%.


1 Tan Bien 18 (by 2005, Mar, CFC) 97 (2005, Mar CFC)2 Mo Chi 28 1603 Pa U 35 2914 Xa Ho 53 2875 Cha Khe 28 1496 Pa Bu 47 2757 Tham Pa 44 2768 Tho Gu 25 133

'Bases on the information mentioned in the 'Socio-economic report of small-sized hydro powerstation project" from Ms Tam

Annex 8, Page 6

RARE5, Feasibility StudyP Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune


9 U Ma 29 26110 Ha Xi 29 13911 Co Lo 1 40 26112 Co Lo 2 24 115

Total 400 HHs 2444

The average income per person amounts 1'302'773 VND per year. 379 householdshave an annual income of less than 960'000 VND per person, additional 15 less than1'080'000 VND per person (low income). The commune produces 1'014.5 tons of riceequivalents per year, resulting in 492.5 kg food per year and person.

This information may provide / help local government back ground information (LaiChau province, Muong Te district) for the decision of setting the electricity fees.The total land area of Pa U commune amounts to 32'928 ha of which are 271 ha riceland, 837.5 ha crop land, 4,604 ha forest land and 14.2 ha residential and garden land.

The commune centre can be accessed by car in the dry season. During rain season,the road is often blocked by several land slides. Within the commune there are onlypaths allowing human or horse traffic.

A nursery school with one class and 31 pupils, a primary school with 34 classes and384 pupils and a secondary school with three classes and 37 pupils are present in thecommune. The rate of literacy amounts 15% and 285 households have a radio.

A health centre with four beds exists too. In the village there is no market. People of PaU have to buy or sell everything in Muong Te district market.




3.1.1. Topography

During the construction phase of the project, some activities like digging, soil and rockdumping, ground levelling and so on may cause a certain impact on the topography.The construction of the powerhouse will cause an additional change of the topography.The area of this impact is estimated 300 ... 400 m2 and is considered as small. For ac-cess, no road has to be built; the existing path will be improved and the effects to thetopography can be minimised.


There will be no impact of the project on topography during operation phase.

3.1.2. Soil, erosion

During the construction phase and rain season, soil erosion may be occurred due topowerhouse or yard construction, access improvement etc. Soil dumping on slopes

Annex 8, Page 7

RARE5, Feasibility Study* Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

could cause soil / land slide. Eroded soil is one type of sediments of the project'sstream section / site.


3.1.3. Land useAt the project site, there is no agricultural land but only grass and scattered bush andfallow land. Therefore neither the construction phase nor the operational phase of theproject will have a significant impact on land use.

The medium & low voltage distribution line is integrated into the landscape and leadalong existing footpaths and the riverbed. Therewith land take can be minimised andthe impact is considered as negligible.


The area of the project (powerhouse) now is covered by grass, bush and few smallwood trees. The construction of the powerhouse and the improvement of the accesspath will need clearance of grass, bush and few small wood trees. About 30.. .40 smalltrees (size of tree: Diameter: 5...10 cm, height: 5...10 m) would be cut. This impact isgraded as small and can be mitigated during design, construction and operation.


3.1.5. Air qualityThere could be a minor impact on the air quality during the construction phase on drydays. Soil dust originating from the construction (manual work) with low loading andlow concentration (less than 0.2 mg/m3) can be expected2 .

There will be practically no noise created during construction due to the fact that therewill be minimal use of noise-generating equipment and machines. The impact is gradedas minor and negligible.


3.1.6. Water stream qualityRun-off may bring loose soil, litter, and garbage created during the construction to thestream and would cause water turbidity. The downstream section of about 100 m fromthe project site may be polluted during heavy rain-days. During the construction of theoverspill weir, the turbidity of water may be increased. Due to the small amount of soiland rubbish created during the construction, therefore its impacts on water quality willbe minor and temporarily limited3.

2 Vietnamese Standard for Ambient Air Quality, TCVN 5937-1995, average 24h: 0.2 mg/m3 fordust concentration

3in comparison to the Vietnamese Standard for Surface Water Quality (TCVN 5942-1995)

Annex 8, Page 8


The use of oil-hydraulic actuators during the operation of the hydropower plant re-quests a regular substitution of the oil. The lack of suitable disposal places representsa potential risk for unsuitable disposal and contamination of the water.

In fact, local people do not use down stream water for drinking purpose, therefore therewill be no impact of the project during construction and operation on water supply fordrinking.


3.1.8. FaunaConstruction activities may cause negative impacts on the moving of wild animals.These impacts may be negligible, but have to be considered. During the operationalphase no impact is expected.

It is necessary to deal with the negative impact of construction activities on fish (habitatand population) in the project stream section, especially for fish which are sensitive tothe small change of aquatical ecosystem or disturbance caused by the project.

In dry season, the overspill weir might be an obstacle to fish movement from down-stream to upstream. On the other side, upstream fish movement takes only place inspawning season to reach the spawning grounds. For the relevant fully-grown fishesthe weir is just another obstacle in the river (as many natural ones already exist), andthe fishes should be able to pass upstream without any problems.

At almost all time, there will be flow remaining in the residual flow section of the river,only during a few hours in the evening during less than a month, the complete flow willbe utilised for power generation. Additionally, these very lean months are usually notrelevant for upstream fish movement.






3.1.11. Soil erosionThere is no actual impact on soil erosion. An appropriate water drainage system hasbeen considered and will be constructed to avoid water spreading which could causesoil erosion.Erosion is not only an environmental thread but also poses a hazard to the civil con-

Annex 8, Page 9

RARE5, Feasibility StudyW -Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

struction (stability of substructures) and was therefore thoroughly considered during thedetailed design.

3.2. Positive impact

Up to now, almost all households of Pa U commune still use kerosene for illumination.In near future, this will be replaced by the project's electricity. The designed capacity ofPa U hydro power plant is 25 kW which will supply enough electricity for at least fourvillages with totally 81 households (corresponding to over 31% of the households in PaU commune).

Beneficiaries are:

o 824 persons (33,73% of the total population of the commune) will have the oppor-tunity to use the project's electricity.

o 31 pupils of the nursery school and 384 pupils of 34 classes of the primary schooland 37 pupils of secondary school of the commune will have electricity lighting forlearning.

o The commune's infirmary (Health care centre): 12 nurses and patients.O Some rich households may buy machine or equipment to support daily life (e.g.

rice grinding machines), to produce local products or to start up workshopsElectricity allows the use for multiple purposes, such as lighting, television, fan, radio,cassette and cooking will be increased. Electricity provided by the project will increasecultural activities and improve the knowledge of villagers by television and radio. Thepupils will have a chance to learn at home and at school with the use of electric light.The positive impact of the project on the lIfe of Pa U commune will be long-term andthe project's benefit will be very high.

Another positive impact will be the reduction of fuel wood consumption in the com-mune. For certain type of cooking electricity can be used instead of wood. This will re-duce the amount of collected fuel wood and leads to a limitation of forest damage.

One of the components (electricity, road, school and infirmary) of the policy on social -economic development for rural and mountainous (remote) areas has been implement-ing in Pa U.

Electricity supply for Pa U (Frontier area) is very significant in term of political and so-cial aspects:

o To keep people stay at their homelando To limit villagers may move to China by providing them good life's conditionso To give expression to concern of the Vietnamese Party and Government (Central

and Local) in socio-economic development of remote areas




Annex 8, Page 10

RARE5, Feasibility StudyA Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

o Failure in electric installationThe frequency of incidents is estimated initially as high (20 to 30 incidents in the firsttwo years) and later as moderate (5 to 10 incidences per year).

All inhabitants are exposed to the risk, but especially children and old people should beconsidered. Faulty electrical equipment can cause electric shock, injuries or evendeath, or can cause fire which could damage property (house, furniture, domestic ani-mals).


3.4.1. Vegetation cover

It is absolutely necessary to limit tree cufting and avoid the felling of big and precioustrees. For doing that, workers must follow the project's plan and design. The tree cut-ting must be controlled by the project managers and leaders of the people committee ofPa U commune. Logged trees have to be compensated by new planted trees.

3.4.2. Air quality

During the construction phase at dry days, soil has to be watered to reduce soil dustemitted to the air. Water for the reduction of dust can be taken from the nearest stream.

3.4.3. Water quality

Solid waste (waste soil, rock, tree roots, grass, trees, bush, human wastes...) disposalhas to be established in a suitable site. This will minimize solid waste loading to thestream.

If automatic actuators are necessary, oil-hydraulic systems must not be used. Insteadof them electric actuators could be used.

There is no impact on drinking water. Drinking water is not collected from the river.

3.4.4. Erosion

To avoid run-off and sedimentation caused by grading for the civil construction of thehydropower plant and to avoid the alteration of the hydrological pattern, the design andconstruction of these components must be examined carefully. An appropriate waterdrainage system has to be considered and constructed when needed to avoid waterspreading which could cause soil erosion.

3.4.5. Waste

It is necessary to allocate a toilet (washroom) and a domestic solid waste disposal forthe workers. Finding an appropriate site for the toilet and the domestic solid wastedumping is recommended. The septic tank (toilet) and the waste water from the toilethas to be treated, e.g. by soil absorption.

3.4.6. Safety

The project must provide labour safety facilities like clothes, gloves, boots, gauzemasks / respirators for workers. Workers must use these during working in the field(construction).

For the operation phase, suitable safety equipment has to be provided (fire extin-guisher, clothes, gloves etc.) in the power plant. In the village electric, installationsmust be done by experienced, trained and proficient electric workers. Electric redun-dant safety systems (fuses, Fl-switch) must be implemented.

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RARE5, Feasibility StudyW Consulting and Engineerng Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

Residential installations have to be checked by experienced staff regularly.

3.4.7. Training

To reduce the risk due to the use of electricity, villagers must be trained in the use ofelectricity and the danger associated with it. The inhabitants must be trained beforethey are supplied with electricity. The project has to cooperate with the local govern-ment (PC) of the commune and Muong Te district to organize training courses on theuse of electricity.

There will be two steps of the training cou rses:

o First training course for village leaders, villagers' representatives, executed by ex-perts.

o Second training: participants of 1 st training course will teach the other villagers un-der the supervision of an expert.

3.4.8. Fauna

The fish movement has to be considered in the planning of the hydro plant. If themovement gets interrupted, a fish pass system has to be implemented.

3.5. Environmental controlEnvironmental control must be done during the construction and the operation phase ofthe project. The following environmental factors (components) should be considered:

o Vegetationo Air and water qualityo Amount of solid wastes, solid waste collection and disposalo Safety aspectso Risk due to use of electricityVietnamese Standards for Ambient Air Quality (TCVN 5937-1995) and Surface WaterQuality (TCVN 5942-1995) and other Environmental Regulations of Central and LocalGovernment have to be applied during Environmental Control.

4. Environmental Management

4.1. Institutionso Commune level (Pa U): one person from the people committee (PC) of Pa U

commune will be responsible for natural resources and environment of the com-mune. He / she will help the PC of the commune in managing the commune'snatural resource and environment. The PC of the commune should help and coop-erate with environmental impact assessor in field survey, data collection, interviewetc...

o District level (Muong Te district). The office of resources and environment of theMuong Te district helps the PC of the district in managing district resources andenvironment. Pa U is one cell of the office of resources and environment of MuongTe district. This office may help and cooperate with the environmental impact as-sessor in providing letter of permission or letter of introduction, in field survey, datacollection....Provincial level (Lai Chau): The department of Resources and Environment ofLai Chau province (DONRE) is responsible for checking the Initial EnvironmentalExamination (IEE) in the identification stage and the necessity of a full EIA.

Annex 8, Page 12


W Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

DONRE is responsible for the approval of the IEE and EIA report for issuing theenvironment certificate for the project. During implementation, DONRE will super-vise the compliance of the project to the environmental requirements.

Project management unit (PMU): The PMU's role is very important. The PMU isresponsible for the environmental issue of the project in construction phase: i)monitor the environment; ii) evaluate the environmental impacts; iii) solve the envi-ronmental problems; iv) co-ordinate with relevant organizations in Muong Te dis-trict and Lai Chau provincial level on order to prepare environmental reports (forapproval of reports). Next step (operation phase), PMU needs to set up the plan ofenvironmental activities for operation phase: i) recruit a staff who knows about en-vironmental field; ii) set up the schedule for environmental activities for each year.

Next step (operation phase): The PMU is responsible for the environmental moni-toring and the implementation of the different mitigation measures. The PMU trainsthe operators as far as needed to allow them to do the job in a proper manner

The contractors will be responsible for compliance of environmental requirements rec-ommended in IEE and in the Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP). The contractorsare required to closely coordinate with local authority (people committee of commune &Muong Te district) and DONRE of Lai Chau province.


Environ- Parameter No of points Frequency Implementing Cost (VND)mental com- / sites of person / re-

ponents monitoring sponsibility

Tree No of tree / area 10 2 times I operator (or 400'000(m , ha) year DOME) / PC of

Pa U commune

Stream water water level 2 daily operator (or 400 000Turbidity DOME) / PC ofOil contamination Pa U commune

Solid waste I Volume, weight, 5 1 time / operator (or 300'000Environmental composition year DOME) / PC ofsanitation Pa U commune

Fish in stream Species / popula- 4 1 time / operator (or 200'000tion year DOME) / PC of

Pa U communeRisk No. of incidents, connected 2 times / operator (or 400'000

No. of persons at villages year DOME) / PC ofrisk Pa U commune

Erosion Area, volume of 6 After flood operator (or 400'000soil / rock or heavy DOME) / PC of

rain Pa U commune

Total 2'1 00'000

For details about environmental monitoring, please refer to Annex

Annex 8, Page 13

RARE5. Feasibility Study* Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

4.2.1. Method of monitoring

o Water quality assessment: observationo Solid wastes: Volume and weight measurement

o Erosion, tree, fish...: Observationo Fish, risk, erosion, tree...: Interview / questionnaire by field survey

Annex 8, Page 14

RARE5, Feasibility Study* Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

4.3. Environmental awareness and trainingA one day training course for the 3 leaders of the villages and 6 village representativesshall be carried out in parallel to the construction phase. The course could take place atthe meeting room of the PC of Pa U commune. The officers of PC of Muong Te districtor the operators of the hydro power plant can be the teachers. The costs for a one daytraining course are estimated to 2'450'000 VND (see table below).


9 participants 50'000 450'000

2 teachers 200'000 400'000Lunch and tea break 1'000'000Room 100,000Hand out 500'000Total 2'450O000

Environmental protection issues shall be treated at the meetings of the village and ofthe commune. Inhabitants have to be informated regularly about environmental protec-tion. The Project Management Unit and PC of Muong Te district are responsible forproviding Environmental Protection material (booklet, brochure) to Pa U commune.Costs are estimated to 1'000'000 VND per year.


4.4.1. Costs for the use of electricity

- Initial cost

The project costs of the Pa U hydro power plant including the transmission and distri-bution are estimated to 235 400 USD, of which the central government pays 80%, theLai Chau province pays 10% and the consumers of Pa U commune pays 10%. By con-necting 81 households, the cost per household amounts to 134.5 USD (235 400 USD x10% / 81 households). The investment in electric installation material (electric wire,socket, switch, breaker...) is estimated to 300 000 VND.

- Operational cost

The average cost of electricity use is estimated to 5'000...10'000 VND per month andhousehold. This estimated cost is based on the current status of electricity use of vil-lagers living in low-income in rural areas of North Vietnam.

- Benefit


Annex 8, Page 15

RARE5, Feasibility StudyConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

4.4.2. Kerosene use

- Cost

Kerosene does have negligible initial cost, but the operational costs are about 20 000VND per month and household (for details please refer to the appendix).

- Benefit



6. ConclusionsAn off-grid small hydropower plant with a capacity of 25 kW will be constructed in Pa Ucommune and will bring socio-econo mic benefit to 81 households. The proj ect will bringmajor improvements in the community everyday life through the provision of electricityfor lighting, TV, productive use, school and the health centre. The consumption ofkerosene and wood will be decreased.

On the other hand, the project also has small and negligible impacts on tree, fish, waterquality and other environmental components. The use of the project's electricity maycause a risk to villages. These negative impacts and risks could be fully mitigated dur-ing design, construction and operation. The socio-economic and environmental benefitof the project is much higher than the cost of mitigation of negative impacts caused bythe project.

Annex 8, Page 16



Scoring guideline:

Plus: Positive impacts (e.g. leading to environmental improvements)

o 3: Major improvementso 2: Minor improvemento 1: Uncertain but likely improvement, subject to more detailed assessmentMinus: negative impacts

o 3: Serious significant impacts and should be abandonedo 2: Impacts can be mitigatedo 1: Uncertain but likely potential impacts, subject to more detailed assessment

o 0: No impacts

1.1.1 Project Data

Title: Pa U Small Hydropower Plant Description: Micro power plant of 25 kW'Province: Lai Chau Major Components: Weir, Headrace, Fore-District: Muong Te bay, Penstock, Powerhouse; Distribution lineCommune: Pa U Key Environmental Issues: electrification ofCost Estimate: USD 176 600 inexperienced people, water quality, land-Environment Classification: Category B slides

Construction contract period: 6-8 months


Environ- Project Impacts Mitigation Development Scoremental Crite- Measures Plus Minusria

Air quality Negligible impact during the con- No need 0 0struction phase. No impact duringoperation phase


Water quality Negligible impact in the construc- Prevent run-off of solid 0 0tion phase during rainy days caus- wasteing water turbiditySolid waste dumping can have an careful selection of dis- 1impact on the water quality posal sites and toiletThe awareness creation during 1the construction phase throughconfrontation with mitigationmeasures could increase in mid-term the interaction of the inhabi-tants with the river

Water supply No impact 0 0systemsIrrigation sys- No impact 0 0tems

Annex 8a, Page 1


Environ- Project Impacts Mitigation Development Score

mental Crite- Measures Plus Minus

ria

Drainage No No 0 0

Water born No impact 0 0disease

Flooding No impact by project but excep- project designed to with- 0 0tional flood, may damage the di- stand 50-yearly floodversion structure and intake

Recreation No 0 0

Mining not existing 0 0

Erosion Negligible Impact of the construc- concrete embankment for 1tion phase of the project, only dur- some places neededing rain days

Sedimentation During construction phase, sedi- soil and rock from con- 0 0mentation may be caused struction must be

dumped at proper site


Land take Only waste land No need 0 0Low voltage distribution line: neg- Integration of the lowligible voltage distribution line in

the landscape

Tree & crops Only some small trees have to be Carefulness is needed in 1cut during the construction phase design and constructionof the hydro plant compensation

Wetland effect No 0 0

Resettlement Prevention of movement to China - 1 0/ other places because the betterliving standard

Landscape Project may cause very limited The power plant and the 0 0effects change of landscape low voltage distribution


Ecology and Project may cause negligible im- If the fish movement is 0 0nature conser- pact; fish movement could be af- interrupted, a fish passvation fected system has to be imple-

mented


Disruption due No road has to be constructed, Carefulness is needed in 0 0to construction the site can be accessed by im- design and construction

proved foot paths; minor impacts and selection of externaldue to external workers living in workersthe villages

Social effect Improving the living quality (illumi- 3nation, education, cultural life)

Annex 8a, Page 2


Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

Environ- Project Impacts Mitigation Development Score

mental Crite- Measures Plus Minusria


Risk due to the use electricity Training of the inhabi- 1tants, electric fuses /safety and redundantsystemsRegular residential in-spections

Health impact 3

Security im- 3pact

Totals: 14 4

Annex 8a, Page 3

RARE5, Feasibility StudyWdConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

Annex 8 b:SHP Designers Simplified Environmental Engineering

ChecklistScore: Prepared by: entec agClass: B Date: November 2005Major environmental concerns: impact on fish Approved by:movement, risk of electric shock Date:Decision: EIA is not requiredJustification: Impacts are minor and could be miti-gated in technical design



Yes No Yes No

Air quality Village locations x x

Noise and Temples x x

vibration Schools and hospitals x x

Recreational sites x x

Water qual- Water supply x x

ity Irrigation x x

Drainage x x

Water born disease x x

Flooding x x

Recreation x x

Geology Mining x x

and soil Erosion x4 x

Sedimentation x x

Land use Agriculture dislocation x x

Land take5 x x

Wetlands effect x x

Resettlement x x


Aesthetic conditions6 x x

4limited impact, can be minimised by taking into consideration in the planning phase

5 Land take is estimated to be < 1 ha

6 Minimum influence because of the powerhouse and the distribution network. This can be inte-grated into the landscape and so the impact can be minimised.

Annex 8b, Page 1




Yes No Yes No

Visual impact x x

Ecology Aquatic bio-resources7 x xand nature Terrestrial bio- x8 xconserva- resourcestion _ _ _ _ _ _

National park locations x x


Areas of special scien- x xtific interest

Cultural Temple locations x x

heritage Burial grounds x x


Battle fields and ceme- x xteries



Transportation x x

1.1.3 Conclusion


7as long as the fish movement is not blocked, the influence is minimised

8 because of the construction activities, terrestrial bio-resources could be influenced temporarily

Annex 8b, Page 2

RARE5, Feasibility Study- Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune





Flow obstruc- Suitable plan, included in tender document of construc- Included in the None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa Ution tion and installation parts maintain a flow as designed cost for construc- construction HP plant

tion....................... .. . . . . . . . . . . ........ .-.. . .............-------..-- . . . . . -....---------...- --.-.

Construction Suitable construction plan, tight construction supervi- Not to be divided None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa Umaterial, sion; suitable tanks and place for waste collecting, separately,. Detail construction HP plant, Pa U PCwaste dumping information in cost

estimation in FS

Dust watering the site with river water during dry days None None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa Uconstruction HP plant

o Noise No influence, far from residential areas None None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa Uconstruction HP plant

.............. .... ....... . ... ........ .... .. .... - --....... -------------- - .- .. ..... .......... ...................... ........--------

e Tree cutting, Tight monitoring, supplying sufficient wood / timber for Not to be divided None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa Uo affected construction, compensation of cut trees, no access separately,. Detail construction HP plantO vegetable road (only improved foot path) information in cost

cover Integration of the low voltage distribution line into the estimation in FSlandscape

. ....... ................... ...........I .. . ... ..... ...... . ... .. . -- - - - - - - . . ---- - - - .. -- -- - - - . - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - .... ........ .... - - - ....... . -- - -- - -.. ..-....--....-.- - -- -

Camps Suitably arranged with toilet area as regulated None None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa Uconstruction HP plant

..... ............. -..... ........... .................. . . . . . . .... .. ... ... ... .......................................---...- --- ----....- ---- - ------------- . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................

Water quality Abandonment of the application of oil-hydraulic actua- None None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa Utors construction HP plant

Labour Instructions about labour safety None None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa USafety construction HP plant

--------- -------------- ------------------- -- - - .. - ... ........... .... ..........A nnex. .... c. - P g 1 . . _ _ - - - -- - -

Annex 8c / Page 1

RARE5, Feasibility Studyw Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune



Land take Carefully selection of site for all items of the project, None None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa Uintegration of the LV distribution network into the land- construction HP plant, Pa U PCscape

Deforestation There are mountain slopes with grass and bushes in None None Pa U HP plant Operators of Pa Uthe project area. Tight management of tree cutting construction HP plant, Pa U PCcompensation of cut trees Included in costs Included in Operators of Pa U

for the Provincial costs for the HP plant, Pa U PCforestry Provincial for-

estry



Flow obstruc- Inconsiderable because the over-spilt weir with a low None None Pa U HP plant Operators and PCtion height construction of Pa U HP plant

Maintain a flows of at least 5 I/s all time-- - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - ---- ---- -- ---- ----------------

Waste from Check, collect and treat timely None None Pa U HP plant Operators and PCPowerhouse Prevention of use of oil-hydraulic actuators construction of Pa U& .a- .- ..- _ .- ~ . . -1 . - _ --- -- -

o Camps NoneLabour Instruction about labour safety, supply sufficient labour Pa U HP plant Operators and PCSafety safety tools and equipment construction of Pa U

Erosion I Water drainage and sediment trap in erosion sensitive Not to be divided To be included Pa U HP plant Operators and PaSedimenta- areas, concrete embankment will be constructed separately,. Detail in operator construction U PCtion where necessary information in cost wage

estimation in ES

Annex 8c IPage 2

RARE5, Feasibility Studymm Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune



Ecology & Training, creation of environmental awareness (to- 2'600'000 VND 1'OOO'OOO MT office for Operators and PaNature Con- gether with electric risk training) VND ayear NRE /or U PCservation I DONRERisk of Elec-tric ShockFishery The fish movement shall be monitored. None None MHP plant con- Operator of MHP

struction plant and PC

Fi shery The fish movement has to be considered in the plan- None MHP plant con- Operator of MHPning of the hydro plant. struction plant

Risk of Elec- Proper Safety Equipment has to be used in the hydro- Equipment of the little (mainte- Pa U HP plant Operators and Patric Shock power plant as well as in residential installations. In- hydropower plant nance), in- construction U PC

stallations have to be carried out by experienced, is included in the cluded in op-trained and proficient electric workers. Implementation construction cost eration costof redundant safety systems.Regularly checks of residential installations (first two To be included in To be includedyears every year, afterwards all five years construction costs in operator

wage

Annex 8c/Page 3

RARE5. Feasibility Studyri,Consulting and Engineening Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

Cost Institutional Responsibility

Isu itgtn MaueInstallation O-perating Installation Operating

Sedimenta- Sedimentation accumulated in the settling basins No No Operators of MHPtion of the SHP, will be flushed back into the river in plant and PC

regular intervals. Therefore the overall amount ofsediments carried in the river is neutral, but be-comes periodic, compared to steady as it is in thenatural stream.If absolutely required it would be possible to Im-plement seftling basins with a constant flushingmechanism (such as "automatic settling basin" ora Dufour type basin), but these are costly, difficultto design and construct, and in practice frequentlyfail to operate as anticipated.This also has an impact on the generation capac-ity, malinly during the lean season, as water is re-quired permanently for flushing (approx. 10% ofdesign flow).

Annex 8c /Page 4


B - Monitoring Plan

Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoringI Time I fre- Reason for monitoring Cost Institutional Re-ters have to be parameter to of mntrn quency of sosbltmonitored? be monitored? equipment? monitoring Install Operate Install Operate

Noise (dBA) Power House By listening. Normal Regularly, dur- If it is more than usual Little Little - Operator.ing construc- level. VN Standard MT officetion 5949/1 998 for NREEvery 6months

Dust (Mg/in 3) Project site Regularly, dur- If there is too much dust Little -Operator.

ing construc- (VN Standard 5937,1995) MT officetion for NRE

0 Every 6-- - - months

No. of trees on project site counting before con- Compensation of the cut -400'000 - Operator.0 selected sites struction starts trees necessary plus MT office

Oand at the time compen- for NREof commis- sationsioning expenses

Erosion Project site and By observing, ap- Regularly, dur- Loss of soil, water con-- Little - Operator.lOOm upstream pearance of land- ing construc- tamination, sedimentation MT office

slides, erosion tion for NREEvery 6months

Solid waste Project site By observing, waste Regularly, dur- Pollution of vegetation and - little Operator.is disposed only at ing construc- water MT officethe defined site tion for NRE(Material construction Every 6waste) months

Annex 8c I Page 5


EAd'Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoring ITime I fre- Reason for monitoring Cost Institutional Re-

ters have to be parameter to of monitoring quency of sponsibility

monitored? be monitored? equipment? monitoring Instl Ope~rate Install Operate

Pollution of Project site and By observing colours Regularly, dur- Turbidity is an indicator of Observation: little -Operator.

stream water lOOm down- change -> turbidity ing construc- water pollution. VN stan- 300,000 VND I day MT officestream Instrument for turbid- tion dard for surface water for examination for NRE

ity measurement 5942,1995 conducted by offi-cer for NRE

Solid waste, oil, Project area, By observation: regularly, dur- Oil leakage poisons drink- -Little -Operator.

grease (mg, g river Check if there is any ing operation ing and irrigation water of MT officeor kg) leakage of oil and Every 6 the settlements down- for NRE

grease. If yes, does months stream and is poisonouslythe oil and grease aquatic and terrestric wildflow to the collecting life.tank or not? Is a pol-lution of the rivervisible? Is other kindof waste collected toa proper place or

.0 not? Is the oil dis-posed in proper way

CL (no contamination ofo soil or water)

Noise level Power house By listening. Normal regularly, dur- health of operators, impact -Little Operator.(dBA) and by noise meas- ing operation on wild life MT office


Erosion project area and By observing, ap- Regularly, dur- Loss of soil, water con- Little Operator.lOOm upstream pearance of land- ing construc- tamination, sedimentation MT office

slides, erosion tion for NREEvery 6months

Annex Bc /Page 6

RARE5, Feasibility StudyWUConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

Which parame- Location of the Type of monitoring I Time I fre- Reason for monitoring Cost Institutional Re-ters have to be parameter to of monitoring quency of sponsibility

monitored? be monitored? equipment? monitoring Install Operate Install Operate

Stream water 2 different ob- - observation, - daily base of living for people, -- little Operatorquality servation points - Taking samples and - when a con- wild life and vegetation -400 000 MT office

analyse in laboratory tamination is downstream for NRE- Interview with resi- expected -little

dentsNo. of trees on 1 0 sites, to be field study (counting) once a year trees are important for soil -400'000 - Operator.selected sites defined consolidation, measure of MT office

quality assurance for NRE

Fishes in the 4 sites, two up- field study (e.g. with once a year fish is an important part of 200'000 Operator.river, species I stream, two bow net, counting) the nutrition of the inhabi- MT officepopulation downstream Interview with fisher- tants. The fish population for NRE

men has to be protected

Annex 8c I Page 7

RARE5, Feasibility StudyHm Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

LOCRTION OF PR U COMMUNE, MUONG TE DISTRICT

'I -,3 - ~ .L

- - ,- ,

3 G-t-oev T(

d,x~- '- / .,

a r -o

\ ~ ~ ~~~~ Pag 8 P \eS

,- un 04% *?X *C;anMEanT H

s hersN To-Ag

\ /Page 8

RARE5, Feasibility StudyA Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

SKETCH MRP OF TOPOGRAPHY IN PR U COMMUNE

,V

1,0

.1,50;

i 'I. -,

I. . I

\ ,iC\ ')'' ~ - 'd ,)Y

aj < i ><" '/Legend

) I /1 700/ L -- / -X 1,000., .-- 1,500

1,7002,000

I .}., (2.500<- ~t - ~ - /2,700

\g/ ----------->3.000> 3000

:/Page 9


SKETCH MRP OF SOIL IN PR U COMMUNE

7.

Legend

* Ferralite grey soil E

E Mountainous humus grey soil* Mountainous humus alit grey soil

--- Page 1 0

RARE5, Feasibility Studyw Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Pa U Commune

SKETCH MRP OF FOREST IN PR U COMMUNE

Legend

* Evergreen forest* Scrub* Scrub with scattered trees-Agncultural land - hill fields

x 8c Page 11

RARE Nam Si luong, Feasibility StudyA-Consulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Muong Te district)









RARE5, Rehabilitation plan

* Consulting and Engineeing Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

IEE FOR REHABILITATION OF NAM Si LUONG SMALL HY-DROPOWER SCHEME, MUONG TE TOWN

1. SITE DESCIPTION

1.1 Geographical CharacteristicsThe Nam Si Luong Small Hydropower Plant is located in Muong Te town, the administrative

centre of Muong Te district.

t - s ,,2, --

I I t-m Lli-o I -H 1 I

B11

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F-~3 - K :. - - E n-

5E~~7 r-,b. M..j

Sio Wam .' 14- -,

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IEE for NSL, Page I

RARE5, Rehabilitation planWEConsulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

1.2 General Information and Background

The approximately 800 households in the district town of Muong Te are supplied by electric-ity generated in a 2 x 250 kW hydropower plant, which was commissioned in late 2002. Theplant comprises of two Chinese made Francis turbines for 9.5 m head; each with a designcapacity of 278 kW and a design flow of 3.2 m3/s.

1.3 Current Situation and Assessment of Rehabilitation Need

The plant produces around 80 000 kWh per month (mean load of 110 kW). Peak load typi-cally occurs from 6 to 8 p.m. The peak demand rose from approximately 200 kW in the firstmonths of operation to a maximum of 300 kW in 2005. Muong Te town was supplied withelectricity generated by 2 diesel generators (2x500 kW) for several years before implementa-tion and commissioning of the SHP.

The plant is managed by the District Project Management Board (DPMB). Electricity is soldin bulk at MV for 450 VND/kWh and distributed by EVN (Power Company 1) at an averagetariff of 550 VND/kWh (national tariff system is applied).

Correspondingly the average household has a demand of 50 kWh/month and an averageelectricity bill of 27 500 VND per month (taking 10% overall losses and 40% of the total elec-tricity for public use (administrative buildings, schools, polyclinic and street lighting etc.) andproductive uses. Electricity is transmitted via a 10 kV transmission backbone. Six step-downtransformers are located along the MV transmission line in Muong Te town. After less than 3years of operation the Nam Si Luong SHP is running but in poor condition. Clearly manyshortcomings were already overlooked by the commissioning engineers, but the lack ofmaintenance is also obvious. Usual wearing parts have not been replaced in time and brokenparts have been bridged, unprofessionally replaced or ignored.

Even though the plant is still operating its condition is only mediocre. To a large extend theplant is operated manually and at several components a maintenance stagnated. Also envi-

ronmental issues have to be considered. Currently the oil-hydraulic actuators loose several li-ters of oil every week which is leaking through the poorly sealed piping system and basicallysweeping into the tail water and then into the Nam Si Luong River. Furthermore the actuatorsof the guide vane never have been taken into operation. Especially if considering the aimedfuture grid connection additional features and operational safety have to be added.

Another problem in the operation of the plant is the large amount of deposits in the smallreservoir upstream of the dam. Even though the reservoir's storage capacity is relativelysmall with a view to the high flow rate of 2 x 3.2 m3/s, the reservoir can improve the electric-ity supply situation during daily peak hours in the lean season.

Currently excavation and removal of disposals is ongoing with heavy equipment. The eco-nomic justification for this measure, however, is doubtful as the gained additional energy ismarginal compared to the energy used for the excavation and disposal of the material. Onthe long-term it might be feasible to commission a dredger and to dispose the material di-

IEE for NSL, Page 2

RARE5, Rehabilitation planW Consulting and Engineerng Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te distrct

rectly downstream of the dam.

In Muong Te Town a diesel generator provides electricity during down times of the Nam SiLuonc SHP and if the river flow is not sufficient to cover the peak demand in the evening

hours from 18:00 to 22:00.

1.4. Aims of the Rehabilitation and Upgrading

* Improved and sustainable operation of the SHP

* Reduce environmental pollution

* Preparing for grid -connection

2. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENT ISSUES AND RATIONALE OF THEIRSIGNIFICANCE GRADING

2.1. Main activities may cause impacts on the environment

* Reduce the environmental pollution caused by a leakage of the oil hydraulic actuators

* Replace the control and protection equipment and the oil hydraulic actuators

* Grid connection

2.2. Negative impact assessment

The project activities do have only negligible negative impacts to the environment.

The activities concentrate on rehabilitation of the equipment inside the powerhouse. There

are no outdoor activities planned, except the disposal of the old equipment.

Improper disposal procedures of the waste oil and the equipment could pollute soil orwater. But on the other side the water is already today polluted continuously. Therefor thisnegative impact is considered as negligible. Nevertheless, a proper disposal procedure hasto be defined.

2.3. Positive impacts of Nam Si Luong SHP rehabilitation

a. Electricity supply

The rehabilitation project will produce electricity that meet demand of about 800 householdsin the district town of Muong Te. The electricity will be projected to meet peak demand from 6to 8 p.m.

b. Enough electricity will make daily life better and economic activities developed

c. Quality of Nam Si Luong stream water will be better due to oil from oil - hydraulic actuatorwill be treated.

IEE for NSL, Page 3

RARE5, Rehabilitation planE Consultng and Engineenng Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

3. NEGATIVE IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES

3.1. Replacement of the oil hydraulic actuators

* The oil shall be collected in barrels (good condition). A suitable disposal procedure

shall be identified during a field visit in Muong Te by an international expert. A suit-able disposal procedure could be the co-processing within a heat requiring local in-dustry. Disposal into soil or water shall be prevented.

* Replacing the current oil-hydraulic system in short term is absolutely necessary to re-duce operational cost and ecological damage. This is part of the project, and there-fore the project is fundamental ecologically important.

* Cloth used for washing machine and equipment with oil and greases must be col-lected and burned. Do not throw cloth with oil/ greases into the reservoir or stream oron the bank of the reservoir/ stream.

* Control and maintenance of machines and equipments or their parts must be fre-quently implemented in order to prevent leakage of oil.

3.2. Disposal of the old equipment

Suitable disposal procedures for the old equipment have to be defined. They have to beagreed by the MT office for NRE.

The old equipment consists mainly of steel, wires and some electric equipment. It does notpollute or endanger the environment, if not disposed directly into the river.

Because the old equipment is a good source for spare parts, it shall be stored within thepower house at a suitable place.

4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

4. 1. Institutions

* Department of resource and environment of Lai Chau province

This department has to have a thorough grasp of environmental information and data re-lated to the Nam Si Luong SHP rehabilitation project. Normally, the Department of Resourceand Environment is responsible for checking review and approval of environmental impactreports.

* Office of Resource and Environment of Muong Te District

This office helps the PC of the district in managing district resources and environment. Thisoffice must have to have environmental information and data related to the Nam Si LuongSHP rehabilitation project and provide them to the Department of Resources and Environ-ment may implement Environment of Lai Chau province. The office of Resources and Envi-ronmental monitoring for Nam Si Luong SHP. In case of request of the Department of Re-sources and Environment of Lai Chau province, the office will conduct environmental controland inspection for the Nam Si Luong SHP.

IEE for NSL, Page 4

RARE5, Rehabilitation planwdConsulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

* The PC of Muonq Te Town

The PC of Muong Te Town is responsible for the environment and natural resources within

Muong Te Town areas. The focus issue will be Nam Si Luong water quality and quantity re-lated to the operation of SHP.

* Proiect Management Board

The operator of Nam Si Luong SHP should be a person in charge of the resource and envi-ronment related to Nam Si Luong SHP. He/she must implement environmental projection law

and regulation of the central and local government. He/ she regularly/ periodically reportsstate of the environment related to operation of Nam Si Luong SHP to the office/ Department

of Resources and Environment of Muong Te district! Lai Chau province. He/ she may imple-ment Environmental monitoring. If he/ she couldn't it, he/ she may ask Environmental con-

sultants or the office of Resource and Environment of Muong Te District or the Department ofResource and Environment of Lai Chau province for help in monitoring. The person in chargeof Nam Si Luong SHP environment is responsible for cooperating with the relevant environ-mental institutions in implementation of local environmental projection.

4.2. Environmental monitoring

Environmental monitoring for Nam Si Luong SHP should be regularly implemented. In caseof accident caused by operation of plant, a special environmental Test (examination) should

be needed. Because, Muong Te is the remote mountainous area and lack of instruments forenvironmental measurement, observation and local people interview are recommended. An

environmental monitoring plan for Nam Si Luong SHP is presented in annex

4.3. Training

Training on environmental protection for operators of Nam Si Luong SHP will be needed.Knowledge on environmental observation, environmental impact identification and assess-

ment, simple measures for mitigation of environmental negative impact should be provided tothe operators.

5. CONCLUSION

There are no negative impacts expected to the environment. The main activities are within

the powerhouse. Anyway, the project improves the environmental situation. The main impactof the project is positive: the availability and quality of electricity will be improved comparedto the existing situation.

IEE for NSL, Page 5

RARE5, Rehabilitation plan* Consulting and Engineerng Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

Annex 1 a: Environmental Screening Checklist

Scoring guideline: Plus: Positive impacts (e.g. leading to environmental improvements)

o 3: Major improvements

o 2: Minor improvement

o 1: Uncertain but likely improvement, subject to more detailed assessment Minus:negative impacts

o 3: Serious significant impacts and should be abandoned

o 2: Impacts can be mitigated

o 1: Uncertain but likely potential impacts, subject to more detailed assessment

o 0: No impacts

1. Project Data

Title: Nam Si Luong SHP Rehabilitation pro- Description: Micro power plant of 2x250ject kW;

Province: Lai Chau Major Components: Replacement of

District: Muong Te electro-mechanical components

Commune: Muong Te Town Key Environmental Issues: Disposal of

Cost Estimate: old equipment and oil

Environment Classification: Category B

2. Project Screening Matrix

Environmental Project Impacts Mitigation Develop- ScoreCriteria ment Measures

a.

Air quality None None 0 0

Noise and vibra- None None 0 0tion

Water quality Massive improvement com- None 3 0pared to the current situationbecause of stopping the oilleakage

IEE for NSL, Page 6

RARE5, Rehabilitation planw Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

Environmental Project Impacts Mitigation Develop- ScoreCriteria ment Measures

Water supply sys- None (same situation as today) None 0 0tems

Irrigation systems Massive improvement com- None 3 0pared to the current situationbecause of stopping the oilleakage

Water born dis- None None 0 0ease

Flooding None None 0 0

Recreation Improvement due to stopping None 0 0the oil leakage

Mining None None 0 0

Erosion None None 0 0

Sedimentation None (same situation as today) None 0 0

Agriculture dislo- None None 0 0cation

Land take None None 0 0

Vegetation (Ter- None None 0 0restrial ecosys-tem)

Wetland effect None None 0 0

Resettlement None None 0 0

Landscape ef- None None 0 0fects

Aquatic ecosys- Massive improvement com- 3 0tem pared to the current situation

because of stopping the oilleakage

Cultural heritage None None O O

IEE for NSL, Page 7


*d Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

Environmental Project Impacts Mitigation Develop- Score

Criteria ment Measures

U,

Disruption due to None None 0 0

construction

Social effect Improving the electricity pro- None 2 0

duction/ capacity of SHP

Meet electricity consumption None 2 0

demand

Improving the living quality None 2 0

Totals: 18 0

IEE for NSL, Page 8

RARE5, Rehabilitation planW Consulting and Engineerng Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

Annex 1 b:SHP Designers Simplified Environmental Engineering

Checklist

Score: Prepared by: entec ag

Class: B Date: April 2007

Major environmental concerns: None Approved by:

Decision: EIA is not required Date:

Justification

Environmental Assessment Cri- Engineering Design Task Checked and Envi-teria ronmental Impact Identified: Rehabilitation: re-

placement of electro-mechanical components.Solid waste.

Rehabilitation activi- Operation of plantties

Yes No Yes No

Air quality Village locations X X

Noise and vi- Temples x X

bration Schools and hos- x X

pitals

Recreational sites x X

Water quality Water supply x X

Irrigation x X

Drainage x X

Water born dis- x Xease

Flooding x X

Recreation x X

Geology and Mining x xsoil Erosion x X

IEE for NSL, Page 9

RARE5, Rehabilitation planrw Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

Environmental Assessment Cri- Engineering Design Task Checked and Envi-teria ronmental Impact Identified: Rehabilitation: re-

placement of electro-mechanical components.

Solid waste.

Rehabilitation activi- Operation of plantties

Yes No Yes No

Sedimentation x X

Land use Agriculture dislo- x X

cation

Land take x X

Wetlands effect x X

Resettlement x X

Landscape National park lo- x X

effects cations

Tourism sites x X

Aesthetic condi- X

tions

Visual impact x X

Ecology and Aquatic bio- x X

nature con- resources

servation Terrestrial bio- x X

resources

National park lo- x X

cations

Protected species x X

Areas of special x X

scientific interest

Cultural heri- Temple locations x X

tage Burial grounds x X

Archaeological x Xsites

IEE for NSL, Page 10

RARE5, Rehabilitation planW Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te district

Environmental Assessment Cri- Engineering Design Task Checked and Envi-

teria ronmental Impact Identified: Rehabilitation: re-placement of electro-mechanical components.

Solid waste.

Rehabilitation activi- Operation of plant

ties

Yes No Yes No

Battle fields and x X

cemeteries

Disruption Schools, hospitals x X

due to con- and institutionalstruction facilities

Agricultural calen- x X

dar

Socio- Ethnic community x x

economic Handicraft x x

conditionsTransportation x x


RARE5, Rehabilitation plan- Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development in Muong Te distict

Annex 1 c: Environmental Management Plan

A - Mitigation measuresCost Institutional Responsibility

Issue Mitigating MeasureInstallation Operating Installation Operating

Disposal of the old Because the old equipment is a Included in the None Nam Si Luongequipment good source for spare parts, it cost for con- HP plant con-

Co shall be stored within the power struction structionhouse at a suitable place.

' Disposal procedure To find an appropriate proce- Included in the None Nam Si Luongc of the waste oil dure is part of the rehabilitation cost for con- HP plant con-. project struction struction

. Safety The project must provide labour Included in the None Nam Si Luong Nam Si Luong SHPn0 safety facilities like clothes, cost for con- HP plant con- operators

gloves, boots, gauze masks/ struction structionrespirators for workers. Workersmust use these during rehabilita-tion works.

Safety For the operation phase, suit- None None HP of Nam Si Operators and PC ofable safety equipment has to be Luong construc- Nam Si Luong HP plantprovided (fire extinguisher, tion

o clothes, gloves etc) in the powerco plant. In the village electric in-

stallations must be done by ex-0 perienced, trained and proficient

electric workers. Electric redun-dant safety systems must beimplemented

IEE for NSL Page 12


B -Monitoring Plan

Which pa- Location of Type of Time / fre- Reason for Institutional Responsibilityrameters the pa- monitoring / quency of monitoring Costhave to be rameter to of monitor- monitoringmonitored? be moni- ing equip- Install

tord? men? nstll Operate Install Operatetored? ment?

c Solid waste Project site By observa- 2 times dur- Pollution of little Operator/ communeo (equipment, tion: is waste ing construc- vegetation

construction disposed only tion and water-. material,..) at the defined

site?

Solid waste, Project By observa- regularly, dur- Pollution of Little, in- Operator. MT office(mg, g or area, river tion: Is a pol- ing operation, vegetation cluded in for NREkg) lution of the daily and water the op-(domestic river visible? eratingwaste from Is other kind costslabour: food of waste col-

o waste, fe- lected to a. ces ...) proper placeo) or not?

O Noise level Power By listening. regularly, dur- health of Little - Operator. MT office(dBA) house Normal and ing operation operators for NRE

by noise 2 times/yearmeasurementinstrumentVillage inter-view



Stream wa- 2 different - observation observation: base of liv- little 400,0002 little Operator. MT officeter quality observation - Taking - daily ing for peo- for NRE

points samples and other types: ple, wild lifeanalyse in - once a year and vegeta-laboratory' - or if a con- tion down--Interview tamination is streamwith residents expected

D:\RARENRP rp NSL¶BG-N\NEF for NS¶, BO -d NHsReised IEE for bh.bdilti pla Mcrh 2007Trom Mrtin BollieO7O32O'NAMLUONG-ng 070320mbo.do

1 Parameters should be monitored for water supply: PH, BOD, N03, coliform, heavy metal, oil & grease

2 400,000 VND (paid by the Nam Si Luong project management organization-DOME)


RARE Nam Si luong, Feasibility StudyWAIConsulting and Engineering Micro Hydropower Development in Muong Te distrid)









RARE5, Rehabilitation planP Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Ban Giang SHP

IEE FOR BAN GIANG SHP REHABILITATION PROJECT

1. CURRENT SITUATION1.1 Location and Background

Ban Giang micro hydropower plant (MHP) is located in the Muong Te commune andprovides electricity for 99 households in Ban Giang hamlet.

The scheme was built in 1999 with funding from the MARD. It is incorporated into thevillage's irrigation system. The plant is operated only in the evening hours from 17:30 to23:00, without major problems or breakdowns. The Chinese electro-mechanical equipmentappears to be of good quality; however, the plant was operated manually during the visit asthe installed flow control is not operational. The cross flow turbine was built in 1998 and hasa capacity of 30 kW with a net head 25 m, discharge 0.1-0.5 m3/s and speed 750 rpm Thegenerator was built in 1998 and has a capacity of26 kW, speed of 750rpm, power factor of 0.8,runaway speed of 1800 rpm. More head isavailable if relocating the powerhouse (possibly LZO15-20 m more).This scheme is owned by Muong -.

Te CPC and operated by a team who is assignedby Muong Te CPC.

Figure 1: The Powerhouse of Ban Giang MHP

1.2 Operation

The load is well balanced between the three phases, but seems to grow slow but steadily.When the load of three phases is not balanced, they reconnect the households to adjust theload on the phases. They plan to repair the distribution system like as re-allocate, stretch theline,...Before connecting the MHP to the consumers, the operator switches the circuit breakerthree times on and off to inform the people that electricity will start to be delivered. Theoperator has been informed about the risk of damaging the equipment by continuing it. Thelogbook is updated daily and describes the most important parameters about 30 minutesafter starting up. Considering the logbook entries of the last weeks, a period of about oneweek can be seen where frequency and voltage were out of limits. The reason according tovillage people was a damage of the intake canal. It is still not repaired. But this incidentshows too that the operators were not aware of doing the correct manipulations to improvethe situation. During operation of the MHP no manipulation is taken.

1.3 Equipment

The safety valve is broken and has to be replaced. Currently it is permanently open to allowfurther operation of the plant. It is assumed that it was destroyed by water hammer caused

IEE for Ban Giang, Page 1

RARE5, Rehabilitation planConsulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Ban Giang SHP

by wrong manipulation, and repaired in a way allowing a further operation of the plant. Not allscrews were remounted, so water leaks out between the flanges.

To start up the plant the governor is opened by a manual intervention. As soon as the plant isrunning it can be controlled from the cubicle: Two buttons "increase" and "decrease". Thesystem does not contain a regulation system, neither speed nor frequency of the turbine/generator are measured for automated regulation. Because the electrical load is within asmall range constant, the operator just has to intervene in the case of a malfunction. Aflywheel helps to balance minor changes in the electric load. The generator has a maximumpower of 26 kW, the turbine 30 kW, showing a mismatch between the two devices. As longas the turbine is not operated at maximum power, no intervention is necessary. The MHPcurrently has an output of 12 to 17 kW.

The displays of the measurement equipment show coherent values (Al, A2, A3, frequency,Voltage, Excitation Voltage, Power). The guide vane can be controlled and the circuit breakerdoes work correctly. Nevertheless it is recommended to improve the control equipment,mainly because neither SHP equipment nor electrical consumers are protected againstunder-voltage, load alteration or frequency failure.For a possible grid connection in future, such a -acontrol system would be necessary. Themanometers at the penstock and the suction tubedo not react on any intervention and seem to bedefect. The coal brushes of the generator are at theend of their lifetime and should be replaced.

Figure 2: The EIM-Equipment in Ban Giang MHP

-- .

1.4 Safety, maintenance

With the exceptions of the safety valve the equipment is well kept and the powerhouse isclean. No manuals on provident maintenance procedures exist and the operators usuallyonly get aware of problems if it is too late for preventive measures.

2. THE REHABILITATION PROJECT2.1 Aims of the Rehabilitation and Upgrading

Multiple targets shall be reached with the rehabilitation of the MHP in Ban Giang:

1. Repair the damaged parts of the MHP (safety valve, intake channel)

2. Protect the equipment against operating errors and install a control system allowingautomatic operation

3. Train selected staff of the DPMB as maintenance and operation specialists in order toavoid downgrading of the new equipment by unqualified manipulations.



4. Make the plant's potential for income generation available by enabling daytimeoperation

5. Prepare the plant for grid connection

2.2 Rehabilitation steps

2.2.1 Minimum Rehabilitation

The minimum required activities to bring the SHP back to safe and reliable operation are:

* Replacement of the safety valve

* Maintenance of the generator: replacement of coal brushes

* Installation of a digital control system, replacement of defect switches

* Training of the operators.

The safety valve is broken and has to be replaced to improve the safety of the plant and toallow maintenance of other electro-mechanical parts of the hydro-plant. The coal brushes ofthe generator have to be replaced, additional no information about maintaining the device isavailable. The availability of the spare part is questionable, an answer of the company

pending. In the worst case, the generator has to be replaced by a modern, brushless type.The water for the MHP is delivered by two channels, of which one is damaged. This channelhas to be repaired to facilitate the processing of the designed capacity and to reach

maximum power. This work can be done by local people.

The digital control system does not only control the equipment of the MHP and reduces

abrasion of the existing equipment, it further protects the devices connected to it bypreventing frequency and voltage errors. If the MHP shall be connected to the grid, the digitalcontrol system could handle the synchronization of the different lines.

A training of the operational staff is necessary to build awareness of the correlation betweenwater, machines and electricity and to avoid the downgrading of new equipment byunqualified manipulations.

2.2.2 Requirement for grid connection

For a connection to the national grid, only some additional low voltage switching gear

equipment is needed to the above-mentioned improvements. The new digital control systemshall be able to manage the synchronization of the devices.

In midterm view a replacement of the existing generator shall be considered. It is assumedas a risk to rely on the availability of spare parts for the equipment (e.g. coal brushes, whichhave to be replaced periodically). By replacing the generator by a brushless type, this riskwould be minimized.


RARE5, Rehabilitation planConsulting and Engineenng Small Hydropower Development for Ban Giang SHP

3. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ANDRATIONALE FOR THEIR SIGNIFICANCE GRADING

3.1. Negative impacts of rehabilitation

The project activities do have only negliglible negative impacts on the environment. The

activities concentrate on rehabilitation of the equipment inside the powerhouse. Outside, the

existing channels will be repaired without changing its dimensions.

3.2. Positive impacts of rehabilitation

* Rehabilitation will bring socio - economic benefit to Muong Te commune in general

and Ban Giang MHP in particular. Rehabilitation facilitates the processing of the

designed capacity and to reach maximum power. The plant will provide electricity for

more than 99 households in Ban Giang hamlet.

* Rehabilitation will supply water for 30 - 50 ha of paddy fields.

4. MITIGATION MEASURES

4. 1. Safety

The project must provide labour safety facilities like clothes, gloves, boots, gauze masks,

respirators for workers. Workers must be use these during rehabilitation works.

For the operation phase, suitable safety equipment has to be provided (fire extinguisher

clothes, gloves etc...) in the power plant. In the village electric, installations must be done by

experienced, trained and proficient electric workers. Electric redundant safety systems must

be implemented.

4.2. Solid waste collection and dumping

The old equipment consists mainly of steel, wires and some electric equipment. It does not

pollute or endanger the environment, if not disposed directly into the river.

Because the old equipment is a good source for spare parts, it shall be stored within the

power house at a suitable place.


5. 1. Institutions


This department has to have a thorough grasp of environmental information and data related

to the Ban Giang MHP rehabilitation project. Normally, the Department of Resource and

Environment is responsible for checking review and approval of environmental impact

reports.


RARE5, Rehabilitation planWA Consulting and Engineenng Small Hydropower Development for Ban Giang SHP

* Office of Resource and Environment of Muonq Te District

This office helps the PC of the district in managing district resources and environment. This

office must have to have environmental information and data related to the Ban Giang MHP

rehabilitation project and provide them to the Department of Resources and Environment

may implement Environment of Lai Chau province. The office of Resources and

Environmental monitoring for Ban Giang MHP. In case of request of the Department of

Resources and Environment of Lai Chau province, the office will conduct environmental

control and inspection for the Ban Giang MHP.

* The PC of Muonw Te commune

The PC of Muong Te commune is responsible for the environment and natural resources

within Muong Te commune areas. The focus issue will be Ban Giang water quality and

quantity related to the operation of Ban Giang MHP.

* Project Management Board

The operator of Ban Giang MHP should be a person in charge of the resource and

environment related to Ban Giang MHP. He/ she must implement environmental projection

law and regulation of the central and local government. He/ she regularly/ periodically reports

state of the environment related to operation of Ban Giang MHP to the office! Department of

Resources and Environment of Muong Te district/ Lai Chau province. He/ she may

implement Environmental monitoring. If he/ she couldn't it, he/ she may ask Environmental

consultants or the office of Resource and Environment of Muong Te District or the

Department of Resource and Environment of Lai Chau province for help in monitoring. The

person in charge of Ban Giang MHP environment is responsible for cooperating with the

relevant environmental institutions in implementation of local environmental projection.

5. 2. Environmental monitoring

Environmental monitoring for Ban Giang MHP should be regularly implemented. In

case of accident caused by operation of plant, a special environmental Test (examination)

should be needed. Because, Muong Te is the remote mountainous area and lack of

instruments for environmental measurement, observation and local people interview are

recommended. An environmental monitoring plan for Ban Giang MHP is presented further

below.

4.3. Training

Training on environmental protection for operators of Ban Giang MHP will be needed.

Knowledge on environmental observation, environmental impact identification and

assessment, simple measures for mitigation of environmental negative impact should be

provided to the operators.


RARE5, Rehabilitation planV Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Ban Giang SHP

6. CONCLUSION

The rehabilitation activities will cause small impact on water quality and produce small

amount of solid wastes. This impact will be minimized. It is necessary to carry out

rehabilitation, because of its socio - economic benefit to the Ban Giang people.


RARE5, Rehabilitation planW Consulting and Engineerng Small Hydropower Development for Ban Giang SHP


Scoring guideline:Plus: Positive impacts (e.g. leading to environmental improvements)o 3: Major improvementso 2: Minor improvemento 1: Uncertain but likely improvement, subject to more detailed assessmentMinus: negative impactso 3: Serious significant impacts and should be abandonedo 2: Impacts can be mitigatedo 1: Uncertain but likely potential impacts, subject to more detailed assessmento 0: No impacts

1. Project Data

Title: Ban Giang SHP Rehabilitation Description: Micro power plant of BanProvince: Lai Chau Giang;District: Muong Te Major Components:Commune: Muong Te Repair the damaged partsCost Estimate: Key Environmental Issues: noneEnvironment Classification: Category B Construction contract period:


Environmental Project Impacts Mitigation ScoreCriteria Development

Measures N

Air quality none none 0 0Noise and none none 0 0vibrationWater quality none (same situation as today) none 0 0Water supply none (same situation as today) none 0 0systemsIrrigation none (same situation as today) None 0 0systemsDrainage None None 0 0Water born None none 0 0diseaseFlooding none none 0 0Recreation none none 0 0Mining none none 0 0Sedimentation none (same situation as today) none 0 0caused by damAgriculture none none 0 0dislocation




Measu res

Land take none none 0 0

Tree & crops none none 0 0

Wetland effect none none 0 0Resettlement none none 0 0Landscape none none 0 0effects

Ecology and none none 0 0natureconservation

Cultural heritage none none 0 0

Disruption due to none none 0 0construction

Social effect of Improving quality of life 2project operation

Improving social-economic and 2cultural activities

Totals: 4 0

lEE for Ban Giang, Page 8

RARE5, Rehabilitation planw Consulting and Engineerng Small Hydropower Development for Ban Giang SHP

Annex 2 b:SHP Designers Simplified Environmental Engineering Checklist

Score: Prepared by: entec agClass: B Date: April 2007Major environmental concerns: water quality, Approved bysocial environment Date:Decision: EIA is not requiredJustification : Impacts are minor and could bemitigated in technical design

Environmental Assessment Engineering Design Task Checked andCriteria Environmental Impact Identified: solid waste

during Rehabilitation.

Rehabilitation Operation

Yes No Yes No


Noise and Temples x xvibration Schools and x x

hospitals


Water Water supply x xquality Irrigation x x

Drainage x x


Flooding x x

Recreation x x

Geology Mining x xand soil Erosion x x

Sedimentation x x

Land use Agriculture x xdislocation

Land take x x

Wetlands effect x x

Resettlement x x

Landscape National park x xeffects locations

Tourism sites x x


IEE, Page 9

RARE5, Rehabilitation planConsultng and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Ban Giang SHP




Yes No Yes No

Ecology Aquatic bio- x xand nature resources'conservati Terrestrial bio- x xon resources

National park x xlocations


Areas of special x xscientific interest



Battle fields and x xcemeteries

Disruption Schools, hospitals x xdue to and institutionalconstructio facilitiesn Agricultural calendar x x

Socio- Ethnic community x xeconomicns Handicraft x x

Transportation x x

1 as long as the fish movement is not blocked, the influence is minimizedIEE, Page 10


Annex 2 c:Environmental Management Plan




Disposal of the old Because the old equipment is a good source included in none Ban Giang HP Operators of Bano equipment for spare parts, it shall be stored within the the cost for plant Giang HP plant,

power house at a suitable place. construction construction commune's leaderSafety The project must provide labour safety included in none Ban Giang HP Ban Giang HP

X facilities like clothes, gloves, boots, gauze the cost for plant plant constructionCD masks/ respirators for workers. Workers must construction construction

use these during rehabilitation works.Safety For the operation phase, suitable safety none none HP of Ban Operators and PC

equipment has to be provided (fire Giang of Ban Giang HPo extinguisher, clothes, gloves etc, .... ) in the construction plant

power plant. In the village electric,installations must be done by experienced,

0 trained and proficient electric workers.Electric redundant safety systems must beimplemented.



Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Ban Giang SHP

B - Monitoring PlanWhich Location of Type of Time / Reason for Institutionalparameters the parameter monitoring / of frequency of monitoring Responsibility

have to be to be monitoring monitoring Install Operate Install Operate

monitored? monitored? equipment?

Solid waste Project site By observation: daily Pollution of vegetation little Operator/(equipment, is waste and water commune

* n construction disposed only at* material,..) the defined

site?

Solid waste, Project area, By observation: regularly, during Pollution of vegetation Little Operator.(mg, g or kg) river Is a pollution of operation and water MT office(domestic the river visible? da1yfor NREwaste from Is other kind of alylabour: food waste collected

o waste, to a proper. feces,..) place or not?X Stream water 2 different - observation observation: base of living for 40,0003 - Operator.0 quality observation - Taking - daily people, wild life and MT office

points samples and other types: vegetation for NREanalyse in - once a year downstreamlaboratory2 - or if a-Interview with contamination is

...... ........ ......................................... . ........ re sid e n ts ex p ected

2 Parameters should be monitored for water supply: PH, BOD, N03, coliform, heavy metal, oil & grease

3 400,000 VND (paid by the Nam Si Luong project management organization-DOME)



Fishes in the 4 sites, two field study (e.g. once a year fish is an important - little Operator.river, species upstream, two with bow net, part of the nutrition of - 200 000 MT office/ population downstream counting) the inhabitants. The for NRE

Interview with fish population has to0.. fishermen be protected

Noise level Power house By listening, regularly, during health of operators, Little .Operator.O (dBA) Normal and by operation impact on wild life MT office

noise 2 times/year for NREmeasurementinstrument

................ .... . ... ......... llag e in ter iew . .......... .... ....

D \RARE\RP report NSL-BG-NH\IEE for NSL, BG and NH\Revised IEE for rehabilitation plan March 2007\From Martin Bollie0

70320\Ban Giang v070320 mbo doc

IEE for Ban Giang , Page 13










RARE5, Rehabilitation pland Consulting and Engineerng Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP

IEE FOR NA HU SHP REHABILITATION PROJECT

1. CURRENT SITUATION

1.1 Project Location

The micro hydro plant of Na Hu is located approximately 10 km east from Muong Te town.

_7~ .

>.,;'11-~ '*'' ''' .

p ~Na HuMNHP

Figure 1: Locationh kfap

1.2 General Information and Background

Na Hu MHP provides electricity to 132 households in Na Hu village. The plant is designed togenerate 25 to 28 kWel, however, it is concluded that the actual performance is much lower.The Vietnamese made cross flow turbine has capacity of 30 kW, head of 36.4 m and rateddischarge of 0.159 m3/s. The generator is in bad technical condition and has no type plate. Itis assumed that it is manufactured in China or Russia. The automatic control system hasbeen completely dismantled due to equipment failures. The plant is run manually. Theexisting meters, including the power and the frequency meter, are broken and thus the actualplant condition cannot be checked by the operators. A severe lack of capacity during thepeak hours has been reported. Electricity is transmitted by low voltage distribution system.

Like some other micro hydro plants in the district, Na Hu plant is only operated during theevening hours. This is not only a barrier to productive end-use of electricity, but it alsounnecessarily increases the peak load by forcing the entire electricity consu mption to happen

IEE for Na Hu, Page 1

RARE5, Rehabilitation planConsulting and Engineerng Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP

in the evening. Even though potential conflicts with the irrigation system must be considered,the overall benefit of a prolonged or even continuous operation is high.

A stable and continuous electricity supply, however, is not achievable with the presentelectro- mechanical equipment. A working automatic system is needed in order to improvethe quality of service, but also allow the operators to shift their attention from speedregulation to such essential tasks as maintenance and supervision of the entire scheme,including the civil structures. Even with new equipment electrical demand is expected to behigher than it could be covered by the SHP alone.

Another immediate problem is related to the generator. The machine being used is of lowquality and not suitable for grid connection. Problems occur with the voltage regulation andwith currents in the neutral conductor. The machine has definitely to be replaced.

The roof of the powerhouse is not tight and has to be repaired - water can enter and dropdirectly onto the generator. It would be just a matter of time a new generator would bedestroyed.

The turbine is rated for 30 kW, which corresponds to a very low efficiency of only 57%. It isnot clear whether this efficiency is actually reached. Generally, mechanical equipment (safetyvalve, guide vane, turbine) seems to be still ok, the bearings stay cool and no suspect noisecan be hearted.

Under the given circumstances, it is recommended to replace the generator and turbine toachieve a sustainable solution. This will boost the output by 40%, thus reduce the powershortages, increase the life expectancy of the equipment to 20 years and make the plantready for grid-connection. The new generator shall be of brush less type, electronicallyregulated, and rated for 100% asymmetric load. This will allow to implement a loadmanagement system by phase rotation (if necessary and until the grid connectionmaterializes).

2. THE REHABILITATION PROJECT

2.1. Aims of the Rehabilitation and Upgrading

Multiple targets shall be reached with the Na Hu rehabilitation:

1. Restore sustainable operation of the existing plant, replace faulty parts, replace thewiring and fix the grounding, provide spare parts.

2. Train selected staff of the DOME as maintenance and operation specialists in order toavoid downgrading of the new equipment by unqualified manipulations.

3. Make the plant's potential for income generation available by enabling daytimeoperation

4. Prepare the plant for grid connection


RARE5, Rehabilitation plan*-Consulling and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP

2.2. Minimum Rehabilitation

The replacement of the turbine and generator, the installation of a control system and thesealing of the roof are the most important steps to bring the SHP back to safe and reliableoperation. Training is needed to build awareness of the correlation between water, machines,electricity and load.

The weakest part of the scheme has been its control system. A more robust control systemcan help to reach most of the above goals simultaneously and protects equipment fromoverload and consumers from incorrect electrical conditions. Today, the availability of reliableintelligent control technology makes it possible to greatly increase the quality of electricitysupply. The improved system shall fully support grid connection.

The improved control system shall also enable automatic data logging, in order to providecomplete and error-free information about the plant availability to the O&M entity. This willallow to track technical problems and to anticipate capacity shortages.

The suggested approach for Na Hu is to build such a control system in the district itselfbased on a kit of selected high-quality components. This innovative approach can be ideallycombined with training of the O&M entity. Thorough knowledge of the system will enablebest-possible maintenance.

Any rehabilitation activity must be coordinated with the planning and construction of the newdistrict road. Possibly the road construction affects the current alignment of the penstock.

2.2.1 Efficiency improvement

By replacing the turbine with a type with a higher efficiency, the generated power could beboosted. Due to the low flow during the lean season and the limited demand of the village,however, the higher efficiency of the equipment mainly means a better year-round supplydue to improved peak load coverage. Considering a future grid connection, more incomecould be generated, and in island operation the availability of electricity would be increased.

2.2.2 Requirement for grid connection

With the minimum rehabilitation, most of the needed points to allow grid connection arefulfilled. A new control system as mentioned above is able to manage all the needed tasksfor grid connection. Additionally to that equipment, only some low voltage switchgear isnecessary.

3. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND RATIONALE FORTHEIR SIGNIFICANCE GRADING

3.1. Negative impacts of rehabilitation

The project activities do have only negliglible negative impacts on the environment.The activities concentrate on rehabilitation of the equipment inside the powerhouse.Outside, the existing channels will be repaired without changing its dimensions.


RARE5, Rehabilitation planU Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP

3.2. Positive impact of rehabilitation

* Will provide enough electricity to 132 households in Na Hu village

* Socio - economic and cultural activities of Na Hu village would be improved

4. MITIGATION MEASURES

4. 1. Safety

The project must provide labour safety facilities like clothes, gloves, boots, gauze masks,respirators for workers. Workers must use these during rehabil itation works.

For the operation phase, suitable safety equipment has to be provided (fire extinguisherclothes, gloves etc...) in the power plant. In the village electric, installations must be done byexperienced, trained and proficient electric workers. Electric redundant safety systems mustbe implemented.

4.2. Solid waste collection and dumping

The old equipment consists mainly of steel, wires and some electric equipment. It does notpollute or endanger the environment, if not disposed directly into the river.

Because the old equipment is a good source for spare parts, it shall be stored within thepower house at a suitable place.


5. 1. Institutions


This department has to have a thorough grasp of environmental information and data relatedto the Na Hu SHP rehabilitation project. Normally, the Department of Resource andEnvironment is responsible for checking review and approval of environmental impactreports.

* Office of Resource and Environment of Muonq Te District

This office helps the PC of the district in managing district resources and environment. Thisoffice must have to have environmental information and data related to the Na Hu SHPrehabilitation project and provide them to the Department of Resources and Environmentmay implement Environment of Lai Chau province. The office of Resources andEnvironmental monitoring for Na Hu SHP. In case of request of the Department of Resourcesand Environment of Lai Chau province, the office will conduct environmental control andinspection for the Na Hu SHP.

* The PC of Na Hu commune

The PC of Na Hu commune is responsible for the environment and natural resources withinNa Hu commune areas. The focus issue will be Na Hu water quality and quantity related tothe operation of SHP.

* Project Management Board


RARE5, Rehabilitation planP Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP

The operator of Na Hu SHP should be a person in charge of the resource and environmentrelated to Na Hu SHP. He/ she must implement environmental projection law and regulationof the central and local government. He/ she regularly/ periodically reports state of theenvironment related to operation of Na Hu SHP to the office/ Department of Resources andEnvironment of Muong Te district] Lai Chau province. He/ she may implement Environmentalmonitoring. If he/ she couldn't it, he/ she may ask Environmental consultants or the office ofResource and Environment of Muong Te District or the Department of Resource andEnvironment of Lai Chau province for help in monitoring. The person in charge of Na HuSHP environment is responsible for cooperating with the relevant environmental institutionsin implementation of local environmental projection.

5.2. Environmental monitoring

Environmental monitoring for Na Hu SHP should be regularly implemented. In case ofaccident caused by operation of plant, a special environmental Test (examination) should beneeded. Because, Muong Te is the remote mountainous area and lack of instruments forenvironmental measurement, observation and local people interview are recommended. Anenvironmental monitoring plan for Na Hu SHP is presented further below.

5.3. Training

Training on environmental protection for operators of Na Hu SHP will be needed. Knowledgeon environmental observation, environmental impact identification and assessment, simplemeasures for mitigation of environmental negative impact should be provided to theoperators.

6. CONCLUSION

There are no negative impacts expected to the environment. The main activities are withinthe powerhouse. Outside the powerhouse, cleaning and repairing the irrigation channels isthe only activity.

The main impact of the project is positive: the availability and quality of electricity will beimproved compared to the existing situation.

iEE for Na Hu, Page 5

RARE5, Rehabilitation plan*-Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP


Scoring guideline:Plus: Positive impacts (e.g. leading to environmental improvements)o 3: Major improvementso 2: Minor improvemento 1: Uncertain but likely improvement, subject to more detailed assessmentMinus: negative impactso 3: Serious significant impacts and should be abandonedo 2: Impacts can be mitigatedo 1 :Uncertain but likely potential impacts, subject to more detailed assessmento 0: No impacts

1. Project Data

Title: Na Hu SHP Rehabilitation Description: Micro power plant of NaProvince: Lai Chau Hu;District: Muong Te Major Components:Commune: Bum Nua - Repair of faulty parts.Cost Estimate: Key Environmental Issues: noneEnvironment Classification: Category B Construction contract period:



MeasuresM us

Air quality none none 0 0

Noise and none none 0 0vibration

Water quality none (same situation as today) none 0 0

Water supply none (same situation as today) none 0 0systems

Irrigation none (same situation as today) None 0 0systems

Drainage None None 0 0Water born None none 0 0disease

Flooding none none 0 0

lEE for Na Hu, Page 6

RARE5, Rehabilitation planW Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP


Measures

Recreation none none 0 0Mining none none 0 0Sedimentation none (same situation as today) none 0 0caused by dam

Agriculture none none 0 0dislocation

Land take none none 0 0

Tree & crops none none 0 0

Wetland effect none none 0 0Resettlement none none 0 0Landscape none none 0 0effects

Ecology and none none 0 0natureconservation

Cultural heritage none none 0 0

Disruption due to none none 0 0construction

Social effect of Improving quality of life 2project operation

Improving social-economic and 2cultural activities

Totals: 4 0


RARE5, Rehabilitation planr Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP

Annex 3b:SHP Designers Simplified Environmental Engineering Checklist

Score: Prepared by: entec agClass: B Date: 19 June 2006Major environmental concerns: : water Approved by:quality, social environment Date:Decision: EIA is not requiredJustification: Impacts are minor and could bemitigated in technical design

Environmental Assessment Engineering Design Task Checked and

Criteria Environmental Impact Identified: solid wasteduring Rehabilitation.


Yes No Yes No


Noise and Temples x xvibration Schools and x x

hospitals


Water Water supply x x

quality Irrigation x x

Drainage x x


Flooding x x

Recreation x x

Geology Mining x x

and soil Erosion x x

Sedimentation x x

Land use Agriculture x xdislocation

Land take x x

Wetlands effect x x

Resettlement x x

Landscape National park x xeffects locations

Tourism sites x x

Aesthetic conditions x x

Visual impact x x






Yes No Yes No

Ecology Aquatic bio- x xand nature resourcesconservati Terrestrial bio- x xon resources

National park x xlocations

Protected species x xAreas of special x xscientific interest



Battle fields and x xcemeteries

Disruption Schools, hospitals x xdue to and institutionalconstructio facilitiesn Agricultural calendar x x


Transportation x x

iEE for Na Hu, Page 9



A- Mitigation measures


Disposal of the old Because the old equipment is a good source included in none Na Hu HP plant Operators of Nao equipment for spare parts, it shall be stored within the the cost for construction Hu HP plant,j power house at a suitable place. construction commune's leader-Safety The project must provide labour safety included in none Na Hu HP plant Na Hu HP plantfacilities like clothes, gloves, boots, gauze the cost for construction construction

i masks/ respirators for workers. Workers must constructionbe use these during rehabilitation works.

Safety For the operation phase, suitable safety none none HP of Na Hu Operators and PCequipment has to be provided (fire construction of Na Hu HP planto extinguisher, clothes, gloves etc, .... ) in the

rw power plant. In the village electric,D installations must be done by experienced,0 trained and proficient electric workers.

Electric redundant safety systems must beimplemented.


RARE5, Rehabilitation plan- Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP

B - Monitoring PlanWhich Location of Type of Time / Reason for Cost Institutionalparameters the parameter monitoring t of frequency of monitoring Responsibilityhave to be to be monitoring monitoring Install Operate Install Operatemonitored? monitored? equipment?

Solid waste Project site By observation: daily Pollution of vegetation little Operator/o (equipment, is waste and water communeU construction disposed only at. material,..) the defined

site?

Solid waste, Project area, By observation: during operation Pollution of vegetation Little Operator.(mg, g or kg) river Is a pollution of daily and water MT office(domestic the river visible? for NREwaste from Is other kind of

c labour: food waste collected0o waste, to a properX feces,..) place or not?O. Noise level Power house By listening. during operation health of ofoperators, orLittle Opetor.0 (dBA) Normal and by Twice/year impact on wild life MT officenoise

for NREmeasurementinstrumentVillage interview -


RARE5, Rehabilitation plan* Consulting and Engineering Small Hydropower Development for Na Hu SHP

Stream water 2 different observation observation: base of living for 400 0002 Operator.quality observation - Taking - daily people, wild life and MT officepoints samples and other types: vegetation for NREanalyse in - once a year downstreamlaboratory' - or if a-Interview with contamination isresidents expected

Fishes in the 4 sites, two field study (e.g. once a year fish is an important - little Operator.river, species upstream, two with bow net, part of the nutrition of - 200 000 MT office/ population downstream counting) the inhabitants. The for NREInterview with fish population has tofishermen be protected

D \RARBRP re.pon N¶,-BG-NH\IEE for Ng, HG and NH\Rvsd IEF for rehabiliation plaM Marrh 2007\Fror Matrn Bollie 070320fEE NaIa i070320 mb.dom

I Parameters should be monitored for water supply: PH, BOD, N03, coliforn, heavy metal, oil & grease2 400,000 VND (paid by the Nam Si Luong project management organization-DOME)


LAI CHAU PROVINCIAL PEOPLE'S SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIET NAMCOMMITTEE

LAI CHAU DEPARTMENT OF Independent-Freedom-HappinessNATURAL RESOURCE AND

ENVIRONMENT Lai Chau, 3rd July 2007

Number: 352/GXN-STNMT

REGISTER CERTIFICATE OF REPORT OF ENGAGINGENVIRONMENTAL PROTECT

For project: Pa Ve Su, Mu Ca, Thu Lum and Pa U small hydropower projectsin Muonq Te district, Lai Chau province

DIRECTOR OF DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCE ANDENVIRONMENT CONFIRMS

Clause 1: On June 29, 2007, Muong Te district people's committee,investor, issue dispatch paper No 103/UBND dated June 25, 2007 referenceto propose of register certificate of report of engaging environmental protectfor Pa Ve Su, Mu Ca, Thu Lum and Pa U small hydropower projects inMuong Te district, Lai Chau province.

Clause 2: Muong Te DPC is responsible for implementing correctly andcompletely the contents of environmental protect mentioned in the engagingreport of environmental protect.

Clause 3: The engaging report of environmental protect of the project isbasic for authority who is responsible for environmental protect monitors,checks, inspects project's environmental protect.

Clause 4: This certificate is valid from signed date ./.

Recipients: LAI CHAU DEPARTMENT OF- Investor NATURAL RESOURCE AND- Filing systems. ENVIRONMENT

Director of Lai Chau DoNRE

Nguyen The Nghia(Signed)

LAI CHAU PROVINCIAL PEOPLE'S SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIET NAMCOMMITTEE

LAI CHAU DEPARTMENT OF Independent-Freedom-HappinessNATURAL RESOURCE AND

ENVIRONMENT Lai Chau, 3Td July 2007

Number: 351/GXN-STNMT

REGISTER CERTIFICATE OF REPORT OF ENGAGINGENVIRONMENTAL PROTECT

For project: Nam Si Luong, Ban Giang, Na Hu Rehabilitation Plan in MuongTe district, Lai Chau province

DIRECTOR OF DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCE ANDENVIRONMENT CONFIRMS

Clause 1: On June 29, 2007, Muong Te district people's committee,investor, issue dispatch paper No 103/UBND dated June 25, 2007 referenceto propose of register certificate of report of engaging environmental protectfor Pa Ve Su, Mu Ca, Thu Lum and Pa U small hydropower projects inMuong Te district, Lai Chau province.

Clause 2: Muong Te DPC is responsible for implementing correctly andcompletely the contents of environmental protect mentioned in the engagingreport of environmental protect.

Clause 3: The engaging report of environmental protect of the project isbasic for authority who is responsible for environmental protect monitors,checks, inspects project's environmental protect.

Clause 4: This certificate is valid from signed date ./.

Recipients: LAI CHAU DEPARTMENT OF- Investor NATURAL RESOURCE AND- Filing systems. ENVIRONMENT

Director of Lai Chau DoNRE

Nguyen The Nghia(Signed)

FROM :SO CONG NGHIEP LAI CHAU FAX NO. :023876759 Jul. 03 2007 04:04PM P2

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Documents

Public Disclosure Authorized * E1 697 - World Bank€¦ · With the improved access road (by January 2007), the project area can be accessed by car. The project includes the following