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Public Administration Challenges in

the Age of AI and Bots

PK AgarwalDean and CEO

pk.agarwal@northeastern.edu

• Disruption and Wealth Creation

• Tech Trends Driving AI

• Public Administration Challenges

• Parting Thoughts

Agenda

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Disruption and Wealth Creation

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This Happens All The

Time

The Scriporium (5th century AD to 15th Century AD)

https://sites.dartmouth.edu/ancientbooks/2016/05/24/medieval-book-

production-and-monastic-life/

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Xerox 2017 (40 years later)

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Horse => Horsepower

Fordson 1917 (the iPad!)

https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/03/how-the-tractor-

yes-the-tractor-explains-the-middle-class-crisis/254270/

It is 1908 All Over Again!!

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• Horses = 26.5 million

• Humans = 100.5 million

I Come From 1918

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The Year Is 1915

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1 Million

Cars

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• Horses = 26.5 million

• Humans = 100.5 million

• 1 million cars on December 10, 1915

• What career advice would you give to

this guy?

The Year Was 1918

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• Horses = 1 million

• Humans = 320 million

• Testing driverless cars

• What career advice

would you give this guy?

The Year Is 2018

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5M Jobs

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5M Jobs

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Most Common Job by State

Economic Impact of Autonomous Cars

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http://www.web-strategist.com/blog

• Car Sales

• Auto Repair

• InsuranceReduced insurance premiums by 50%

You are no longer insuring the driver – then who?

• Health Care

• Roads, Bridges, etc

• Parking lots

Our Answer to the Mr. T, the Time Traveler

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Bowling Pinsetters

Occupations to produce a 78 rpm record

• Assembling adjuster

• Backer-up

• Matrix-bath attendant

• Matrix-groove roller

• Matrix number stamper

• Needle lacquerer

• Pick-up assembler

• Pick-up coil winder

• Record finisher

• Record press adjuster

• Record-press man

• Sapphire-stylus grinder

• Sieve gyrator.

Phttp://www2.itif.org/2017-false-alarmism-technological-disruption.pdf

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• Machine Learning/AI

• Sensors – IoT

• Robotics

• Big Data

• Biotechnology , Genetics, Nanotechnology

• 3D Printing

• Blockchain

• Gig Economy (Uber, Ola, etc)

• eCommerce

Forces of Disruption

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Wealth Creation

Wealth Creation

Major Technological Innovations

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Wealth Creation

Market Value of

Tech Companies

Worldwide (est.) :

$15 - $20 Trillion

All the Gold

in the World:

$8.5 Trillion

222,000

Employees

4,200,000

Employees

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Three Comma Club1 Jeff Bezos $112 Amazon

2 Bill Gates 90 Microsoft

3 Warren Buffett* 84 Berkshire Hathaway

4 Mark Zuckerberg 71 Facebook

5 Charles Koch* 60 Koch Industries

6 David Koch* 60 Koch Industries

7 Larry Ellison 58.5 Software

8 Michael Bloomberg 50 Bloomberg LP

9 Larry Page 48.8 Google

10 Sergey Brin 47.5 Google

Adapted from Forbes Magazine

Wealth Creation = Middle Class Job Creation?

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http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/pwc-five-global-shifts-reshaping-the-world_us_587a5c6ee4b077a19d180e1e

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http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/pwc-five-global-shifts-reshaping-the-world_us_587a5c6ee4b077a19d180e1e

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http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/pwc-five-global-shifts-reshaping-the-world_us_587a5c6ee4b077a19d180e1e

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Tech Trends Driving AI

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Goodbye Keyboard

(Almost there)

Natural Language Processing

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Touch Screen

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Our Computers will…..

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Everything Smart

Everything Connected

Everything Digital

(aka Internet of Things)

1. Everything Smart- Everything Connected – Everything Digital

The Connected World

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Smart Hair Brush!!

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Big Data

Big Data•Analytics

• 360 view of the customer

•Intelligence

• Predictive

IoT – Opening the Data Floodgates

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Big Data Expectations

Data Analytic Correlations (R)

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http://blog.echonest.com/post/27047918145/musical-

taste-politics

Data Analytic Correlations (D)

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http://blog.echonest.com/post/27047918145/musical-

taste-politics

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Machine Learning/AI

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Machine learning involves the creation of

algorithms that allow computers to learn from

example and past experience rather than reading

preprogrammed information.

Machine Learning

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Deep Learning imitates the workings of the human brain

in processing data and creating patterns for use in

decision making. Deep learning is a subset of machine

learning that has networks which are capable of learning

unsupervised from data that is unstructured or unlabeled.

Deep Learning

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AI – Good or Evil?

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• AV

• Robotics

• Language processing

• Health care

• Fraud detection

• Financial

• Marketing personalization

AI Use Cases

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http://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2016/09/30/what-are-the-top-10-use-cases-for-machine-learning-and-ai/#1c56ad1410cf

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Public Administration Challenges

• Government Services

• Jobs and Economy

• Public Finances

• Consumer Protection (algorithm bias)

Public Administration Challenges

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NextGen eServices

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Jobs and Economy

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Apple Harvesting

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http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-34066941

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Compared to

Industrial Revolution?

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10 x Speed

=

300 x Scale

3,000

Net Impact

Technology transforming society 3,000x

impact than the Industrial Revolution

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SIZE OF U.S. ECONOMY

$18 trillion

$14 to 33 trillion

DISRUPTIVE IMPACT OF AI

Most in Demand Skills

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http://www.pcmaconvene.org/career/development-career-development/what-job-skills-will-you-need-in-2020/

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• App Developers

• Social Media Manager/Digital Marketing

• Cloud Computing Services

• UX Design

• Sustainability Expert

• Data Miners/Big Data Analysts

• Advanced Manufacturing Specialist

• Education/Admissions Consultants

• Genetic Counselor

• Drone Operator

Jobs That Didn’t Exist 10 Years Ago

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Public Finance

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https://www2.deloitte.com/insights/us/en/focus/future-of-

mobility/transportation-technology.html

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Consumer Protection

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Elon Musk and Jack Ma

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Parting Thoughts

Headline Lorem Ipsum

Body content.

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We asked:

“AI – Good or Evil?”

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The real question: “Will we be more

good or more evil?”

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The End