Péter Szűcs, Balázs Zákányi, Tamás Madarász, Andrea Tóth ... · Péter Szűcs, Balázs Zákányi, Tamás Madarász, Andrea Tóth Kolencsikné, Éva Hartai, László Lénárt,

Typical composition of geothermal fluids at Hungarian concession areas

Péter Szűcs, Balázs Zákányi, Tamás Madarász, Andrea Tóth Kolencsikné,

Éva Hartai, László Lénárt, Anikó Tóth

University of Miskolc, Faculty of Earth Science and Engineering

Geochemistry of geothermal fluids workshop

University of Miskolc, October 26-27, 2017

Mineral-, medicinal-, and thermal water resources in Hungary

Favorable conditions in the whole Carpathian Basin – outstanding opportunities in utilization

OGYFI – 248 recognized mineral water brands, 218 recognized medicinal water brands, 67

spas, 12 health resorts, 1 mofette

A zalakarosi

gyógyvíz

A mezőkövesdi

Zsóry Gyógy- és

Strandfürdő

Tapolcai

Barlangfürdő

Tiszaújváros K-

50 sz.

termálkút

Eger Városi

Gyógyfürdő

Hungarospa

Gyógyfürdő -

Hajdúszoboszló

Egerszalók -

Strandfürdő

Kationok [mg/dm3] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l]

Kálium, K+ 58 44 1.9 9.7 11.3 9

Nátrium, Na+ 1 810 218 9.2 1410 55.7 1530 59.6

Ammónium,

NH4+ 12 4.9 - 11.3 0.85 14.8 0.02

Kalcium, Ca2+ 136 370 101 13 151.7 8.6 86

Magnézium,

Mg2+ 47,5 52 11.9 6.4 15.6 5.4 19.7

Vas, Fe2+ 0,15 0.26 - 0.08 2.14 0.79 0.004

Mangán, Mn2+ - 0.18 - - 0.11 - 0.001

Lítium, Li+ - 1.58 - 0.2 - 0.2 -

Alumínium,

Al3+ - - - - - - < 0,02

Kationok

összesen:2016 690.92 124 1450.68 226.1 1571.09 174.325

Anionok

Nitrát, NO3-

- <1,00 1.3 - Nem mutatható ki - 1.2

Nitrit, NO2-

- <0,02 - - Nem mutatható ki - -

Klorid, Cl- 2 420 244 8 1128 20 1495 18.5

Bromid, Br- 6,5 1.43 2.3 0.22 9.8 -

Jodid, J- 5,4 0.19 1.2 0.022 5.5 -

Fluorid, F- 1,4 4.5 0.91 0.7 1.7 -

Szulfát, SO42-

121 17 5 - 50 37 67.7

Hidrogén-

karbonát,

HCO3-

1 650 1620 366 1920 586 1790 320

Szulfid, S2-

, S3- 2,9 14.6 - - 2.4 0.16 -

Foszfát, PO43- 0,12 2.4 - 0.32 - 0.25 -

Karbonát, CO32-

- - - - - 9 -

Anionok

összesen:4191 1904.12 380.3 3052.73 659.342 3348.41 -

Energetic thermal water production: around 55 million m3 /year

Around 50 million m3 /year thermal water production for balneology use

The importance of balneology research at the University of Miskolc

Mineral-, medicinal-, and thermal water resources in Hungary

Increasing mineral water consumption

The increasement and sustainable utilization of geothermal energy in Hungary Geothermal community heating: 250 MW capacity (Miskolc 60 MW , Győr 52 MW ) Geothermal energy in agriculture: 290 MW capacity

The geothermal potential of the producing medicinal water wells (around 250): 225 MW

Geothermal power plant capacity: one ongoing EGS project, 0 MWel

Mainly thermal water related (hydrothermal) projects can be expected in Hungary in the near future – the importance of hydrogeology

Sustainability issues and technical challenges in the main focus of the experts

(EGC, 2016)

DH - távfütés Agri - mezögazdaság Baln - termálfürdök Indiv – egyéni fütés

Geothermal heat production in the different countries of Europe

Dövényi et al. 1982

Estimated temperature at 5 km depth

Well-known fact – the geothermal energy potential is high in Hungary H' 1H1

DunaTisza

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Ele

va

tio

n a

.s.l

. (m

)

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Szeged

H'' 1H2

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Distance from western end of cross section (km)

50x exagerated elevation (m a.s.l.)

land surface

(vertical exageration: MhMv

= 10 )

hydraulic head contour (m a.s.l.)with direction of fluid driving force

top of Pre-Neogene basement with fault

120

-Deep over-pressured flow systems

originated from the Pre-Neogene basement

-Superimposed, shallower, gravity-driven flow system

„Unique natural groundwater laboratory”

József Tóth

Tóth and Almási 2001

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102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240250Co

Temperature at the basin bottom

(Szanyi and Kovács 2007)

Simulated depressions in the Upper-Pannonian aquifers based the national scale flow modeling - Tóth Gy. 20120 Less than 10 % of the produced thermal water for energy purposes is injected back into the aquifers Our thermal water resources are not endless

Sustainability aspects

Overproduction of the Upper-Pannonian thermal water aquifers in Hungary

Geothermal Project of Miskolc – well parameters

MAL-PE-01 production well Depth: 2305 m Fluid temperature: 105 °C Yield: 6600-9000 l/min.

MAL-PE-02 production well Depth : 1514 m Fluid temperature : >90 °C Yield: 8 000 l/min.

KIS-PE-01 reinjection well Depth : 1737 m Receiving capacity: 1600 l/min.

KIS-PE-01B reinjection well Depth : 1093 m Receiving capacity : 5600 l/min.

KIS-PE-02 reinjection well Depth : 1058 m Receiving capacity : not a final result ~7000 l/min.

Miskolci Geotermia ZRt - Pannergy

Geothermal community heating: 60 MW capacity

Good example for sustainability – 100 % injection rate into a karst aquifer system

Concession application is required for the geothermal energy utilization bellow the depth of 2500 m in Hungary

Moderate interests from the potential investors

EGS geothermal power plant is proposed

Binary ORC geothermal power plant – around 9 MWe

Ongoing concession work by EU-FIRE at Battonya to build the first geothermal power plant in Hungary

Ádám László 2017.

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De

pth

(m

)

Concession areas

Battonya Ferencszállás Fertőd Gádoros Gödöllő Győr

Igal Jászberény Kecskemét Körmend Nagykanizsa Nagykanizsa-Nyugat

Ráckeve Sarkad Szilvágy Szolnok Zalalövő


17 different areas are delineated by the state

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

min max min max min max

Miocene Mesozoic Paleozoic

Co

nc.

(m

g/l)

Battonya

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3- Ca2+ SO4-


A zalakarosi

gyógyvíz

A mezőkövesdi

Zsóry Gyógy- és

Strandfürdő

Tapolcai

Barlangfürdő

Tiszaújváros K-

50 sz.

termálkút

Eger Városi

Gyógyfürdő

Hungarospa

Gyógyfürdő -

Hajdúszoboszló

Egerszalók -

Strandfürdő

Kationok [mg/dm3] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l]

Kálium, K+ 58 44 1.9 9.7 11.3 9

Nátrium, Na+ 1 810 218 9.2 1410 55.7 1530 59.6

Ammónium,

NH4+ 12 4.9 - 11.3 0.85 14.8 0.02

Kalcium, Ca2+ 136 370 101 13 151.7 8.6 86

Magnézium,

Mg2+ 47,5 52 11.9 6.4 15.6 5.4 19.7

Vas, Fe2+ 0,15 0.26 - 0.08 2.14 0.79 0.004

Mangán, Mn2+ - 0.18 - - 0.11 - 0.001

Lítium, Li+ - 1.58 - 0.2 - 0.2 -

Alumínium,

Al3+ - - - - - - < 0,02

Kationok

összesen:2016 690.92 124 1450.68 226.1 1571.09 174.325

Anionok

Nitrát, NO3-

- <1,00 1.3 - Nem mutatható ki - 1.2

Nitrit, NO2-

- <0,02 - - Nem mutatható ki - -

Klorid, Cl- 2 420 244 8 1128 20 1495 18.5

Bromid, Br- 6,5 1.43 2.3 0.22 9.8 -

Jodid, J- 5,4 0.19 1.2 0.022 5.5 -

Fluorid, F- 1,4 4.5 0.91 0.7 1.7 -

Szulfát, SO42-

121 17 5 - 50 37 67.7

Hidrogén-

karbonát,

HCO3-

1 650 1620 366 1920 586 1790 320

Szulfid, S2-

, S3- 2,9 14.6 - - 2.4 0.16 -

Foszfát, PO43- 0,12 2.4 - 0.32 - 0.25 -

Karbonát, CO32-

- - - - - 9 -

Anionok

összesen:4191 1904.12 380.3 3052.73 659.342 3348.41 -

0

2000

4000

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14000

min max min max

Upper Pannonian Paleozoic

Co

nc.

(m

g/l)

Ferencszállás



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Quaternary Upper Pannonian Lower Pannonian

Co

nc.

(m

g/l)

Fertőd

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3- Ca2+ Mg2+


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Upper Pannonian Lower Pannonian Mesozoic Paleozoic

Co

nc.

(m

g/l)

Gádoros

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3- Ca2+ SO4- H2SiO3


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Upper Pannonian Paleozoic

Co

nc.

(m

g/l)

Ferencszállás



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Miocene Oligocene Eocene Triassic (bedrock)

Co

nc.

(m

g/l)

Gödöllő



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Miocene Oligocene Eocene Triassic (bedrock)

Co

nc.

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g/l)

Győr



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Upper Pannonian Lower Pannonian Miocene Mesozoic

Co

nc.

(m

g/l)

Igal



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Upper Pannonian Miocene Mesozoic

Co

nc.

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g/l)

Jászberény

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3-


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Lower Pannonian Miocene Mesozoic Paleozoic

Co

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Kecskemét

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3- SO4- NH4+


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Upper Pannonian Lower Pannonian Miocene

Co

nc.

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g/l)

Körmend

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3- CaO NO3-


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Upper Pannonian Lower Pannonian Miocene Triassic (bedrock)

Co

nc.

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g/l)

Nagykanizsa

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3-


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Lower Pannonian Miocene Mesozoic Paleozoic

Co

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g/l)

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Upper Pannonian Lower Pannonian Miocene Mesozoic

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Ráckeve

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3- Ca2+ SO4- Mg2+


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Lower Pannonian Miocene Paleozoic Triász

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Sarkad

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3- Ca2+ NH4+


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Upper Pannonian Creatic-Miocene

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g/l)

Szilvágy



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Lower Pannonian Miocene-Paleogene Upper Cretaceous Lower Cretaceous

Co

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g/l)

Szolnok

TDS Na+ Cl- HCO3- Ca2+


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Upper Pannonian Creatic-Miocene

Co

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g/l)

Zalalövő



0 20 40 60 80

P [MPa]

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z [mBf]

P(z), Rétegnyomás - mélység összefüggés

EOV Y: 749000 m - 777000 mEOV X: 136000 m - 157000 m

Terület: Fábiánsebestény és környéke

st 9.8067MPa/km

Hidrosztatikus nyomásállapot

Fáb-4

Fáb-4

Oros-3

Nsz-3

Oros-1

Szentes-ÉK-1

Innovative complex scientific and engineering solutions are required to combat against nature

extremes (the example of

Fábiánsebestény, 1985)

Blowout depth: 3684 m

Temperature: 190.5 0C

Formation pressure: 712.26 bar

TDS: 29.1 g/l

Bobok, Tóth and Szűcs 2008

Corrosion and scale problems because of the geothermal fluid compositions

Fáb-4. 1986. water sample

pH 7,70

Total hardness 991,04 g CaO/m3

NaCl 25,04 g/l

Ca(HCO3)2 0,82g/l

CaSO4 0,02 g/l

CaCl2 1,33 g/l

NaHCO3 0,00 g/l

Na+ 9852,19 mg/l

K+ 410,00 mg/l

Ca2+

616,17 mg/l

Mg2+

55,15 mg/l

NH4+ 14,02 mg/l

Fe2+

(Al3+

) 13,99 mg/l

Cl- 16039,60 mg/l

HCO3- 615,65 mg/l

SO42-

11,50 mg/l

Br- 4,300 mg/l

J- 8,40 mg/l

HBO2 780,74 mg/l

H2SiO3 820,95 mg/l

TDS 29,1 g/l

Mezőkövesd, Zsóry spa

Hydrodynamic relationship with

the Bükk thermal karst systems

Fotók: Dr. Lénárt László

Corrosion and scale problems because of the geothermal fluid compositions

Photos: Dr. Lénárt László

Corrosion and scale problems because of the geothermal fluid compositions Mezőkövesd, Zsóry spa

Conclusions

Concurrent thermal water production in Hungary – balneology and geothermal energy utilization Valuable but not endless thermal water resources Diverse water chemistry – advantages in balneology Challenges in geothermal energy utilization – corrosion, scales and other technical problems Water – gas – rock framework interactions, pressure and temperature conditions – hydrogeochemistry No generalized solutions – locally specified technical solutions – chemicals (inhibitors), magnetic methods, etc.

Documents

Péter Szűcs, Balázs Zákányi, Tamás Madarász, Andrea Tóth ... · Péter Szűcs, Balázs Zákányi, Tamás Madarász, Andrea Tóth Kolencsikné, Éva Hartai, László Lénárt,