PSk Solar Pump Systems - LORENTZ · PSk Solar Pump Systems Manual for Installation, Operation, Service. v140822 ERNT LORENT GmbH Co KG Kroegerskoppel 7, 24558 Henstedt-Ulzburg, Germany,

v140822 Sun. Water. Life.BERNT LORENTZ GmbH & Co. KG Kroegerskoppel 7, 24558 Henstedt-Ulzburg, Germany, Tel. +49 (0) 4193 7548 - 0, Fax - 29, www.lorentz.deAll specifi cations and information are given with good intent, errors are possible and products may be subject to change without notice. Pictures may

differ from actual products depending on local market requirements and regulations.

1

PSk Solar Pump Systems Manual for Installation, Operation, Service



2

Figure 1: Components of a solar pumping system ............................................................ 5

Figure 2: Installation dimensions ...................................................................................... 6

Figure 3: Wiring diagram ................................................................................................. 7

Figure 4: Well probe ........................................................................................................ 9

Figure 5: Grounding ...................................................................................................... 10

Figure 6: Grounding cable mounting at controller housing .............................................. 10

Figure 7: Grounding cable mounting at grounding profile rod ......................................... 10

Figure 8: Keyboard layout .............................................................................................. 11

Figure 9: Diagram for display status switching ................................................................ 12

1 Safety Instruction 3

1.1 General Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1.2 Purchase Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.4 Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.5 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.6 Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 Introduction 5

2.1 Solar Pumping System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.2 Product Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.3 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3 Installation and Wiring 6

3.1 Purchase Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.2 Packing List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.3 Dimension and Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.4 Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.5 DC Disconnect switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.6 External Sockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.7 Recommended Wire Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.8 Connecting the Well Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.9 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.9.1 Why Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.9.2 How to ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.9.3 SunSwitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4 Operation 11

4.1 Panel Layout and Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4.2 Controller Setup and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.2.1 Instructions for Display Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.2.2 View Running Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

4.2.3 View Historical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.2.4 View or modify the control parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

4.3 Parameter Setup Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

4.4 Setup before First Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5 Fault Diagnosis 20

5.1 Fault Code Description and Countermeasure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

5.2 Description for Other Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5.3 Fault Inquiry and Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

6 Service and Maintenance 22

6.1 Routine Inspection and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

6.2 Replacement of Wear Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Contents Figures



3

1 Safety Instruction

Safe operation of this product depends on its correct

transportation, installation, operation and maintenance.

Failure to follow these instructions can be dangerous and/

or void the warranty.

READ AND FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONS!

When installing and using this electrical equip-

ment, basic safety precautions should always be

followed, including the following:

WARNING – To reduce the risk of injury,

do not permit children to use this

product unless they are closely

supervised at all times

WARNING – To reduce the risk of electric

shock, replace damaged cord immedi-

ately

WARNING – It must be assured that all

grounding connections are properly

made and that the resistances do meet

local codes or requirements

RETAIN THESE INSTRUCTIONS FOR FUTURE USE!

1 1 General Warnings

� The manual contains basic instructions which

must be observed during installation, operation

and maintenance The manual should be care-

fully read before installation and start-up by the

person in charge of the installation The manual

should also be read by all other technical per-

sonnel/operators and should be available at the

installation site at all times

� Personnel Qualification and Training – All person-

nel for the operation, maintenance, inspection and

installation must be fully qualified to perform that type

of job. Responsibility, competence and the supervision

of such personnel must be strictly regulated by the user.

Should the available personnel be lacking the neces-

sary qualification, they must be trained and instructed

accordingly. If necessary, the operator may require

the manufacturer/supplier to provide such training.

Furthermore the operator/user must make sure that the

personnel fully understands the contents of the manual.

� Dangers of Ignoring the Safety Symbols – Ignor-

ing the safety directions and symbols may pose a danger

to humans as well as to the environment and the equip-

ment itself. Non-observance may void any warranties.

Non-observance of safety directions and symbols may

for example entail the following: Failure of important

functions of the equipment/plant; failure of prescribed

methods for maintenance and repair; endangerment

of persons through electrical, mechanical and chemical

effects; danger to the environment because of leakage

of hazardous material; danger of damage to equipment

and buildings.

� Safety-oriented Operation – The safety directions

contained in the manual, existing national regulations

for the prevention of accidents as well as internal

guidelines and safety-regulations for the operator and

user must be observed at all times.

� General Safety Directions for the Operator/User

– If hot or cold equipment parts pose a danger then

they must be protected by the operator/user against

contact with people. Protective covers for moving

parts (e.g. couplings) must not be removed when the

equipment is running. Leaks (e.g. at the shaft seal) of

hazardous pumping media (e.g. explosive, toxic, hot

liquids) must be disposed of in such a way that any dan-

ger to personnel and the environment is removed. All

government and local regulations must be observed at

all times. Any danger to persons from electrical energy

must be excluded by using good installation practices

and working to local regulations. (For example VDE in

Germany).

� Safety Directions for Maintenance, Inspection

and Assembly Work – It is the user’s responsibility

to make sure that all maintenance, inspection and as-

sembly work is performed exclusively by authorized and

qualified experts sufficiently informed through careful

perusal of the Operating Instructions.The accident pre-

vention regulations must be observed. All work on the

equipment should be done when it is not operational

and ideally electrically isolated. The sequence for shut-

ting the equipment down is described in the manual

and must be strictly observed. Pumps or pump units

handling hazardous liquids must be decontaminated.

Immediately upon completion of the work, all safety and

protective equipment must be restored and activated.

Before restarting the equipment, all points contained in

chapter “Initial Start-up” must be observed.

� Unauthorized Changes and Manufacturing of

Spare Parts – Any conversion or changes of the

equipment may only be undertaken after consulting

the manufacturer. Original spare parts and accessories

authorized by the manufacturer guarantee operational

safety. Using non-authorized parts may void any liability

on the part of the manufacturer.

� Unauthorized Operation – The operational safety

of the equipment delivered is only guaranteed if the

equipment is used in accordance with the directions

contained in this manual. Limits stated in the data

sheets may not be exceeded under any circumstances.

� Cited Standards and other Documentations –

DIN 4844 Part 1 Safety marking; Safety symbols W 8,

Supplement 13; DIN 4844 Part 1 Safety marking; Safety

symbols W 9, Supplement 14

� Transportation and Intermediate Storage – Pro-

longed intermediate storage in an environment of high

humidity and fluctuating temperatures must be avoided.

Moisture and condensation may damage windings and

metal parts. Non-compliance will void any warranty.



4

1 2 Purchase Inspection

CAUTION: Properly check the delivery

before installation Never install the

controller when you find it damaged or

lack a component Incomplete or

defective installation might cause

accidents

CAUTION: The submersible motor is a

waterfilled AC machine Always

observe the instructions delivered

together with the motor according to

its waterfilling These instructions can

be found in the motor manual or on

the motor body itself Ignoring these

instructions will shorten the product

lifetime and damage the motor

permanently

1 3 Installation

CAUTION: To ensure effective cooling,

the controller must be installed

vertically with at least 10 cm space

above and below the casing

CAUTION: When installed in an indoor

location sufficient ventilation must be

ensured by a vent or ventilator or

similar device Do not install in a place

which is exposed to direct sunlight

CAUTION: Do not let the drilling chips

fall into the controller fin or fan during

installation This might affect the heat

dissipation

CAUTION: To avoid multiple starts of

the pump in twilight conditions, a

SunSwitch must be installed and

configured according to COMPASS

data Multiple starts due to an

incorrectly configured SunSwitch can

lead to increased wear and damage

the pump Such damage is excluded

from the warranty

1 4 Connection

WARNING: The connection of the

controller must be carried out by

qualified personnel only Unqualified

handling might lead to shock, burn, or

death

WARNING: Please double-check that

input power has been disconnected

before connecting the device,

otherwise electrocution or fire can be

caused

WARNING: The earth terminal must be

reliably grounded, otherwise touching

the controller shell might lead to a

shock

WARNING: Selection of PV module

type, motor load and controller must

be adequate, or the equipment might

get damaged

WARNING: Grounding of this electrical

equipment is mandatory Never run the

pump system when the ground wire is

not connected to proper ground

Ignoring this instruction can lead to

electrocution

1 5 Operation

WARNING: The controller should only

be connected to power after correct

wiring, or the controller might get

damaged

WARNING: Do not modify the

connection while the system is

connected to power, or touching any

part of it might cause electrocution

CAUTION: Adjust partial control

parameters according to the steps

indicated by the manual before the

first operation Do not change the

control parameters of the controller by

random, or it might damage the

equipment

CAUTION: The heat sink gets hot during

operation Do not touch it until it has

cooled down again, or you might get

burned

CAUTION: At altitudes of more than

1,000 m above sea level, the controller

should be derated for use Output

current should be derated by 10% for

every 1,500 m increment of altitude

CAUTION: Never run the pump when it

is not fully submerged in water When

the pump is installed the correct

rotiational direction can be determined

by measuring the flow rates

1 6 Others

Maintenance and inspection must be performed by

qualified personnel only

Do not dismantle the controller while connected

to power For conduct maintenance and inspection

wait at least 5 minutes after the power has been

switched off

No serviceable parts inside the controller Opening

the controller will void the warranty

Treat the controller as industrial waste when

processing the discarded controller It is possible

that the electrolytic capacitor will explode during

incineration and that parts of components will

produce toxic and harmful gas



5

2 Introduction

2 1 Solar Pumping System Components

LORENTZ solar pumping systems can be applied to all

forms of daily use, water pumping for drinking water supply

for remote villages and farms without connection to the

water grid, for agricultural use such as livestock watering,

agricultural irrigation, forestry irrigation, pond manage-

ment, desert control, and industrial use such as wastewater

treatment etc. In recent years, with the promotion of the

utilization of renewable energy resources, solar pumping

systems are more and more used in municipal engineering,

city centre squares, parks, tourist sites, resorts and hotels,

and fountain systems in residential areas.

The system is composed of a PV generator, a pump and a

solar pump controller. Based on the design philosophy that

it is more efficient to store water rather than electricity,

there is no energy storing device such as storage battery in

the system. The system is prepared to be combined with a

elevated water storage, e.g. water tower or an uphill tank

installation.

The PV generator, an aggregation of PV modules connected

in series and in parallel, absorbs solar irradiation and

converts it into electrical energy, providing power for the

whole system. The pump controller controls and adjusts the

system operation and converts the DC produced by the PV

module into AC to drive the pump, and adjusts the output

frequency in real-time according to the variation of sunlight

intensity to realize the maximum power point tracking

(MPPT). The pump, driven by 3-phase AC motor, can draw

water from deep wells, rivers and lakes and pour it into

storage tanks or reservoirs, or be connected directly to the

irrigation system, fountain system, etc. According to the

actual system demand and installation condition, different

types of pumps such as centrifugal pump, axial flow pump,

mixed flow pump or deep well pump can be used.

Figure 1: Components of a solar pumping system

2 3 Technical Data

Model Pump motor: rated power

Pump motor: rated voltage

Solar input power

Max DC input voltage

MPP voltage output current frequency

[kW] [V] [kWp] [V] [V] [A] [Hz]

PS9k 7.5 380 – 440 10 800 500 – 600 18 0 – 60

PS15k 11 380 – 440 15 800 500 – 600 24 0 – 60

PS21k 15 380 – 440 21 800 500 – 600 30 0 – 60

2 2 Product Features

LORENTZ PSk AC has the following features:

• maximum power point tracking (MPPT) with fast

response speed and stable operation

• digital control for fully automatic operation, data

storage and protective functions

• intelligent power module (IPM) for the main circuit

• LED display operating panel

• low water probe sensor

• protection level IP41

• ambient temperature for using: -10 to +50˚C.

CAUTION: Make sure to select the

appropriate controller model according

to PV module and motor load



6

3 Installation and Wiring

3 1 Purchase Inspection

If any abnormity is found, contact your distributor. Once you get the product, please check according to the follow-ing table.

3 2 Packing List

# Item QTY

1 PSk controller 1 unit

2 Operation manual 1 copy

3 Plug for the positive terminal of the PV modules

2 pcs*

4 Plug for the negative terminal of the PV modules

2 pcs*

5 Motor plug 1 pc

6 sensor plug 1 pc

Inspection item Inspection method

Consistency with ordered product Inspect the identification plate

Damage or exfoliation phenomenon Inspect whole appearance

Completeness of main machine and accessories Check according to the packing list

Looseness of fastening parts such as screws If necessary, inspect with screwdriver

3 3 Dimension and Weight

H H1

W1W

D1

D

d

Model Dimension [mm] Weight [kg]

W H D W1 H1 D1 d

all models 250 310 200 235 295 167 7 8.0

CAUTION: The PSk Controllers must be

mounted to a wall Ensure that the

mounting backplane can support the

weight of the controller Controller

must be protected from rain, moisture

and animals Sufficient ventilation

must be provided

Figure 2: Installation dimensions

*) for PS15k and PS21k: 4



7

3 4 Wiring

Figure 3: Wiring diagram

Socket Terminal Connection

DC input

P connected to positive terminal of PV module

N connected to negative terminal of PV module

AC output

M-1 connected to protective ground wire

M-2 connected to U phase of the motor

M-3 connected to V phase of the motor

M-4 connected to W phase of the motor

water level sensor input

S-1 ground

S-8 float switch 1, controlled by PR 15

S-7 float switch 2, controlled by PR 16

S-6 well probe sensor 1, controlled by PR 17

S-5 well probe sensor 2, controlled by PR 18

grounding G connect to proper ground

CAUTION: Ensure the exact locations of

the DC input “P” and “N” sockets

CAUTION: Ensure the wiring of AC

output is based on the marks of the

sockets

CAUTION: To ensure proper operation

of the system, select the wire size

according to the following recom-

mended principle

Prompt: Float switch 1 controlled by PR 15 and

float switch 2 controlled by PR 16 can be combined

to a dual float switch

Prompt: Well probe sensor 1 controlled by PR 17

and well probe sensor 2 controlled by PR 18 can be

combined to a dual switch well probe

Prompt: Please refer to chapter 4 3 Parameter for

further information on parameter settings

3 5 DC Disconnect switch

The pump system must be equipped with proper sized DC

disconnect switch. The switch must be installed between

solar generator and controller. It must meet the following

requirements:

� minimum 800V DC

� continuous current rating according to maximum cur-

rent of pump controller or higher

� the switch must be rated for DC current, NOT AC

A PV disconnect switch, matching all requirements above,

can be purchased from LORENTZ.

The use of a properly sized disconnect switch is an

important safety measure and obligatory for a professional

installation of a solar pumping system.

WARNING – No disconnect switches

must be installed in power wires

between motor and pump controller

Connecting the motor wire to the

switched-on controller might

irreparably damage it Such damages

are excluded from the warranty



8

Socket Wires Connection

DC Power IN , positive (+) plug NBZH PV-ZH202 compatible

one-strand, blackconnect to positive pole (+) terminal of the PV generator

DC Power IN , negative (–) plug NBZH PV-ZH202 compatible

− one-strand, blackconnect to negative pole (–) terminal of the PV generator

Motor Plug

four wires

yellow/green wire (M-1) connected to protective ground wire

red wire (M-2) connected to U phase of the motor

yellow wire (M-3) connected to V phase of the motor

blue wire (M-4) connected to W phase of the motor

Sensor Plug

white sensor cable

red wire (S-8)For use with LORENTZ float switch: Connect to blue wire of the float switch and set parameter “PR15” to value “6”

yellow wire (S-7) float switch connection wire 2 (optional)

black wire (S-1)Common ground for float switches Connect to black wire of the LORENTZ float switch

black sensor cable

red wire (S-6)For use with LORENTZ well probe sensor: Connect to the white wire of the sensor and set parameter “PR17” to value “6”

yellow wire (S-5) well probe connection wire 2 (optional)

black wire (S-1)Common ground for well probe sensors Connect blue wire of the LORENTZ well probe sensor

3 6 External Sockets



9

3 7 Recommended Wire Sizes

Model Controller to module (P, N)

Earth wire (PE)

Controller to motor (U, V, W)

Controller to water level sensor (S)

[mm2] [mm2] [mm2] [mm2]

PS9k 4 2 4 for max. 130 m 1.00–1.50

PS15k 4 2

4 for max. 90 m or AWG #10 for max. 400 ft

1.00–1.50

6 for max. 140 m

PS21k 4 3.5

4 for max. 60 m or AWG #10 for max. 280 ft

1.00–1.50

6 for max. 90 m

PROMPT: Ambient temperature for the wire sizes as

recommended above is ≤50°C

PROMPT: High-power wall-mounting machine

model uses multi-channel DC input Wire size for

DC of each channel must be selected and used as

recommended in the table above

3 8 Connecting the Well Probe

The well probe contains a mechanical float with a magnet

inside. When the probe is submerged, the float rises, and

the magnet actuates a switch. The switch closes (makes

contact) to indicate the presence of water. If the water level

drops below the probe, the float drops, and the switch

opens (breaks contact): The controller will stop the pump.

When the water level recovers and switch closes again, the

controller will delay the restart for 10 minutes. This gives

time for the water level to recover. To force a quick restart,

turn the controller off, then on again. The switch is sealed,

so the contacts never touch the water.

Fixation: The probe is packed with two cable ties. For a

pump that is to be installed in a vertical position, clamp

it to the pipe just above the pump outlet, as shown in

the photo. Splice the two probe wires using the splice kit

components that are packed with the probe. The assembly

procedure is the same as the main pump splice.

Potential problems with the low-water probe in

surface water: The probe has a moving float. It is highly

resistant to deposits and debris. However, it may stick

under some extreme conditions, especially from algae or

water creatures (snails, etc.) that may be present in surface

water.

Possible solutions are:

• Hang the probe independently of the pump and pipe

(clamped to a weight, but not to the drop pipe). This

way, it can be pulled up for inspection or cleaning

without the need to pull up the pump. (This may not

be feasible if the well casing is smaller than 6 in)

• Pull the probe out periodically (with the pump, if nec-

essary) for testing and inspection. The pump should

stop at the moment the probe leaves the water.

• Wrap the probe in a protective screen (fibreglass

window screen, for example). Substitute a different

type of float switch. You can use any switch that

makes contact on rise (normally open).

WARNING – Always connect all DC

input sockets of the controller to

balance the load on the plugs! If

necessary use a combiner box to

distribute the power Otherwise the

controller will get damaged

WARNING: Running completely dry will

damage the pump and void the

warranty The purpose of the probe

system is to sense the loss of water

and turn the pump off before it can run dry

CAUTION: The low-water probe must

be positioned vertically, within 10° If

the pump is NOT to be installed

vertically, find an alternative way to

mount or suspend the probe, so that it is higher

than the pump, and in a vertical position

Figure 4: Well probe



10

PS15k2PumpController

3 9 Grounding

Before starting to work at the electrical system, by all

means make sure that all components are disconnected

from the power source. Only switch on the system when

you have finished all work.

3 9 1 Why Grounding

It is mandatory to protect the users from potentially fatal

electrical shocks. It also protects against electric charging

or a short circuit inside the device. This is accomplished

through clamping, bolting or other effective mechanical

means to provide an effective grounding path to the earth

to ensure safe operation at all time.

The grounding is also important to the system for lightning

protection. In general it is meant for indirect lightning

strikes and induced electrical potentials during operation of

the pump system.

3 9 2 How to ground

The grounding cable must be a copper cable with a cross

section of at least 16 mm2. For connection with the con-

troller use cable lugs of sufficient size!

CAUTION: The wiring has to be done by

qualified staff only Make sure that the

grounding cable has reliable connec-

tion to the ground

This is a possible example with a grounding rod. The

grounding profile rod should be located about 4 – 5 m from

the controller. The cable must not carry any mechanical

loads. The rod must be completely burried in the ground. In

any case you need to refer to local standards and require-

ments.

3 9 3 SunSwitch

CAUTION: To avoid multiple starts of

the pump in twilight conditions, a

SunSwitch must be installed and

configured according to COMPASS

data Multiple starts due to an

incorrectly configured SunSwitch can

lead to increased wear and damage

the pump Such damage is excluded

from the warranty

grounding rod

grounding cable

Picture may differ to product

Figure 5: Grounding

Figure 6: Grounding cable mounting at controller housing

Figure 7: Grounding cable mounting at grounding profile rod

washer cable tooth washer washer nut

nut washer tooth washer cable cable washer bolt

bolt for ground connection at controller housing



11

4 Operation

4 1 Panel Layout and Instruction

indicator LEDs

display

keys

Figure 8: Keyboard layout

Indicator light/key Name Function

[RUN] running indicator light GREEN ON: controller is running

[STOP] shutdown indicator light RED ON: controller is shut down

[FAULT] fault indicator light RED ON: system fault

[NORMAL] normal indicator light GREEN ON: system normal

[WELL DRY/TANK FULL] well/tank indicator light RED ON: float switch or well probe status is abnormal

RUN run key starting control for the controller

STOP stop key shutdown control for the controller

DATA data inquiry key enter or quit from displaying historical data

MODE mode switch keyswitch between different content when viewing data switch the digit that is being edited when editing data

increment key decrement key

increase/decrease the parameter number or its value when editing the parameters

change the historical date upward/downward or display the content of the historical data in turns when the historical data is displayed

increase/decrease the output frequency or display current run-ning data upward by turns when the data status is displayed during running

PROG programming key enter or quit from editing the control parameters

ENTER enter keyconfirm the edited content confirm and save the edited parameter value

+

reset key press the both keys to reset in the protection status



12

Operation Data displayed Display (e g )

initial status: current running data

MODE output frequency of controller = 50.00 Hz

MODE input voltage of controller = 340 V

MODE input current of controller = 5.00 A

MODE input power of controller = 1.50 kW

MODE output current of controller = 6.0 A

MODE time = 12.30 h

MODE syncronous rotation speed = 500 min-1

MODE controller temperature = 37° C

MODE water level sensor status = normal water level

4 2 Controller Setup and Operation

4 2 1 Instructions for Display Status

There are three kinds of status for operating panel display:

1) running data display, 2) control parameter display, 3)

historical data display. The default status is the display of

running data. Press the [PROG] key to enter the status of

control parameter display, and press the key again to return

to the default status. Press [DATA] key to enter the status

of historical data display, and press the [DATA] key again

to return to the default status.

Figure 9: Diagram for display status switching

4 2 2 View Running Data



13

4 2 3 View Historical Data

Operation Data displayed Display (e g )

initial status: non-historical data display

DATAenter the data inquiry interface

display: current date= 31st January

MODEselect the object to be modified

(day, month, year)

selected digit flickers

modify the date to be inquired = 12th February

ENTER confirm date to be inquired = year 2008

MODE historical data: accumulated generated energy of the day

= 9.99 kWh

MODE historical data: maximum power point voltage of the day

= 320 V

MODE historical data: maximum power of the day

= 2.20 kW

MODE historical data: starting time of the day

= 5.10 h

MODE historical data: shutdown time of the day

= 17.40 h

MODE historical data: running time of the day

= 12.5 h

DATAquit from displaying the historical data:

display: current running data = 50 Hz

PROMPT: To view the historical data, a valid date

must be entered first; confirm by pressing [ENTER]

After that it is possible to scroll though the data by

pressing [MODE] Press [DATA] again to go back to

the Running Data Display



14

4 2 4 View or modify the control parameters

Operation Operation, data displayed Display (e g )

initial status: non-control parameter display

PROGenter the parameter modification interface

display: parameter PR0 = PR 0

select the parameter to be viewed and edited

display: parameter number= PR 9

ENTERconfirm the parameter to be viewed or edited

display: parameter value= 30

edit parameter value = 25

ENTERconfirm the editing and save the new value

display: next parameter number= PR 10

PROGquit from the parameter display mode

display: current running data= 50 Hz

PROMPT: While the controller is in operation, the

parameter settings can only be viewed The control

parameter cannot be modified until the controller

is stopped



15

4 3 Parameter Setup Table

Parameter Name Range Description Factory value

PR 0 parameter set mode 0 to 3

0parameter can be read and written other parameter values cannot be modified until this parameter is set to 0

1

1 all other parameters (PR 1 to PR 29) are read-only

2Factory Restore – Use Factory Restore to recover the factory default values for ALL parameters (PR 0 to PR 29). Hereafter the controller has to be reset by pressing “UP” and “DOWN” at the same time.

3After setting the parameters from PR 6 to PR 10 to the actual date and time, you must set PR 0 to value “3”. The controller then stores the actual date and time to the internal clock and PR 0 is automaticly changed back to value “0”.

PR 1* maximum power point voltage 0 to PR 2 real maximum power point voltage of the whole PV generator 530 V

PR 2* open circuit voltage PR 1+1 to 1,000real open circuit voltage of the whole PV generator

Interlock function between PR 1 and PR 2: If necessary, the modification of PR 2 has to be coordinated with the modified value of PR 1

650 V

PR 3* rated voltage 1 to 1,000 rated voltage of the motor load 380 V

PR 4* rated current 0.1 to 300 rated current of the motor load (associated with the rated voltage from PR 3)according to pump model

PR 5 start up delay 1 to 150 start up delay time after power up or shut down (in seconds) 30 s

PR 6 year 2,000 to 2,999 year (must be set to actual date)

PR 7 month 1 to 12 month (must be set to actual date)

PR 8 day 1 to 31 month (must be set to actual date)

PR 9 hour 0 to 23 hour (must be set to actual date)

PR 10 minute 0 to 59 minute (must be set to actual date)

PR 11* resources of frequency instruction 0 to 2

0Manual START and STOP: 1) Press the [RUN] key to start the pump, while the initial frequency is determined by PR 12. 2) Press the [UP] and [DOWN] keys to modify the operating frequency. Only for testing purpose

11

Fully automatic operation: Pump starts automatically, when sufficient power is present. The operating frequency is adjusted accoring to the sunlight intensity (MPP tracking)

2Manual start of automatic operation: Press the [RUN] key to start the pump, the operating frequency is adjusted accoring to the sunlight intensity (MPP tracking)

PR 12 reference frequency 0 to PR 13 initial frequency when PR11 is 0 20 Hz

PR 13* maximum operating frequency 0.01 to 60to protect the motor load, maximum operating frequency must be in line with rated frequency of the motor

50 Hz

PR 14 stopping frequency 0 to 60 pump stopps, when the output frequency drops below the set value 20 Hz

PR 15setting for float switch 1 (white cable, red wire, S-8)

0 to 9

0 no float switch (sensor deactivated)

0

6 float switch normally closed

7 float switch normally open

8 float switch normally open (for dual switch mode with float switch 2)

9 float switch normally closed (for dual switch mode with float switch 2)

others Do not set other values, it may cause the inverter to work abnormally

For “Dual switch mode”, both float switches must be set to value “8” or “9”



16

*) After modification of parameters marked with *, the

next operation cannot be performed until the controller has

been reset.

PROMPT: Record is not made because of the

under-voltage fault of input voltage when the sun

irradiation is too low

PR 16setting for float switch 2 (white cable, yellow wire, S-7)

0 to 9

0 no float switch (sensor deactivated)

0

6 float switch normally closed

7 float switch normally open

8 float switch normally open (for dual switch mode with float switch 1)

9 float switch normally closed (for dual switch mode with float switch 1)


For “Dual switch mode”, both float switches must be set to value “8” or “9”

PR 17setting for well probe 1 (black cable, red wire, S-6)

0 to 9

0 no well probe (sensor deactivated)

0

6 well probe normally closed

7 well probe normally open

8 well probe normally open (for dual switch mode with well probe 2)

9 well probe normally closed (for dual switch mode with well probe 2)


For "Dual switch mode", both well probes must be set to value "8" or "9"

PR 18setting for well probe 2 (black cable, yellow wire, S-5)

0 to 9

0 no well probe (sensor deactivated)

0

6 well probe normally closed

7 well probe normally open

8 well probe normally open (for dual switch mode with well probe 1)

9 well probe normally closed (for dual switch mode with well probe 1)


For "Dual switch mode", both well probes must be set to value "8" or "9"

PR 19 total generated energy read-only 0

PR 20 to PR 24

fault type record 1 to 5 read-only see chapter 4 the operating code explanation no

PR 25 rated motor power [kW] 0.1 to 300.00When loss load protection is working the parameter must be set correctly, otherwise it may cause to work abnormally.

according to pump model

PR 26 number of pole pairs 1 to 10 Pole number is used to calculate the synchronous velocity. 1

PR 27startup delay time after abnormal water level of well probe 1 or 2

1 to 30,000After the water level has been abnormal or idle load protection has been running, the controller will restart after this period of time (in seconds). While countdown is still higher than 999 seconds, the displayed digits flicker, delay time displayed remains at 999.

600

PR 28 loss load protection 0 to 1

0 unavailable

01 available (delay time of idle load protection set at PR 27)

When idle load protection parameter is set to 1 and if the actual output frequency is higher than the frequency set at PR 14, controller activate idle load protection

PR 29startup delay time after abnormal water level of float switch 1 or 2

1 to 30,000After the water level has been abnormal or idle load protection has been running, the controller will restart after this period of time (in seconds). While countdown is still higher than 999 seconds, the displayed digits flicker, delay time displayed remains at 999

600



17

4 4 Setup before First Operation

To ensure the efficient, reliable and stable operation of

the solar pumping system, trained personnel has to make

a setup for the control parameters to adjust the controller

according to the present operating conditions.

For first operation of the pump system, at least the

mentioned steps below must be performed. Please follow

all instructions strictly. You can find additional informations

for the setup precedures in the previous chapters of this

manual.

# Set up operation Description Method

1 switch on the controller Connect the DC power to the pump controller by switch-ing the DC Circuit Breaker to position “ON” “

Make sure, that the mechanical and electrical in-stallation of the whole pump system is complete, safe and without any errors!

2 set the control parameter to read/write This allows the operator to change the parameters Set the PR 0 value to 0.

3 date and time This step is necessary to store the actual date and time to the internal clock of the PSk Controller. After confirming the new date and time by setting PR 0 to value “3”, the internal clock is synchronized with the new date and PR 0 is automaticly changed back to the value “0”. The controller jumps to the next parameter (PR 1).

• Set PR 6 to PR 10 (year, month, day, hour, minute) according to actual date.

• Set the PR 0 parameter value to 3.

4 PV module parameters This step is necessary to indicate the controller the dimen-sions of the connected solar generator. Take care that the data origins from realistic working conditions. You can refer to your LORENTZ COMPASS sizing for proper data and compare to the factory values given in the parameter setup table.

Another way to determine correct values is to measure the real open circuit voltage “Voc” (PR 2) of the PV generator with a multimeter on a sunny day.

The real MPP voltage (PR 1) can be calculated approximately by multiplicating the real Voc with 0.8: Vmp = Voc × 0.8

• Set PR 1 (MPP voltage) and PR 2 (Open circuit voltage) according to the REAL values of your PV generator under real working conditions, NOT the datasheet values

• Note: Take care of the interlock function between PR 1 and PR 2 as described in the parameter setup table. Open circuit voltage (PR 2) must always be higher than the MPP voltage (PR 1).

5 water level sensor settings This step has to be done to configure the water sensors, that have been connected to the controller.

In the chapter “Wiring” and “Parameters” you can find detailed instructions about how to connect a well probe and float switch to the controller.

• If a float switch has been connected to the sensor terminals (S-8) and/or (S-7), set the parameters PR15 and/or PR 16 according to the parameter setup table.

• If a well probe has been connected to the sensor terminals (S-6) and/or (S-5), set the parameters PR17 and/or PR 18 according to the parameter setup table.

• If no sensor is connected set the related parameter to “0” (sensor disabled).

Prompt: The fan is temperature-controlled When

the temperature is higher than 55° C, the fan starts

When the device has cooled down to less than 45

degree, it stops

Wiring must be changed by qualified

personnel only!

Never perform any changes on the

wiring without diconnecting the

controller from the power supply!

Make sure that all components are

safe to work on by additionaly testing

them with a multimeter!

CAUTION: For the first operation test,

the pump must already be installed

properly in the well! Up to this point,

all electrical connections must be

finished and secured for operation!

CAUTION: Do not modify the control

parameters of the controller randomly,

otherwise it can cause disfunctions,

inefficient operation or damage to the

system components



18

6 the maximum operating frequency The maximum operating frequency has to be set correctly in order not to overload the motor or the controller. Please refer to your COMPASS sizing report to determine the maximum value for PR 13.

This value can be found in the data table “system character-istic” in row “frequency”. Please use the value from the right column named “Max./STC”

Set PR13 (rated frequency) according to the pump motor specifications; observe the maximum operating fre-quency given in the COMPASS sizing of your application.

7 confirm the motor wiring (correct rotating direction)

A centrifugal pump only produces its designed flow rate, when it is rotating in the correct direction (counter-clockwise, viewed from the top). To find out, which wiring of the motor phases matches the correct direction while the pump is installed, the flow rate of both rotating directions must be compared.

For successful testing, there must be sufficient power present from the PV generator. Thus, it is advisable to choose a sunny day for this test.

The PSk controller must be configured to “Manual Start and Stop” (PR 11 = ”0”); a medium rotation speed must be configured, to ensure a sufficient flow rate for comparison (PR 12 = ”30.00”).

In some cases, e.g. when the pump operates at very high head, a higher operating frequency has to be chosen for testing. Also the time span, until any water reaches the outlet of the pipe, will be longer.

To change the rotating direction of the motor, disconnect the controller from the solar power supply by switching the DC circuit breaker to position “OFF”. Wait until the capacitor inside the controller has discharged (numeric display extinguishes) and disconnect the motor plug. Now interchange the wiring of any two phases of the three motor phases to reverse the rotating direction. Reconnect the motor plug and switch on the power supply again.

For both rotating directions, observe the flow rate at the pipe outlet and choose the motor wiring with the bigger flow rate for permanent operation. The difference will be clearly visible without measuring.

• Set parameter “PR 11” to value “0”

• Set parameter “PR 12” to value “30.00”

• Press the [RUN] key to start the pump and observe the water yield from the outlet

• Press the [STOP] key to stop the pump

• Disconnect the controller from power supply, i.e. switch off the circuit breaker.

• Reverse the rotating direction by interchanging the wiring of two of the three motor phases

• Connect the DC power again

• Press the [RUN] key to start the pump and ob-serve the water yield from the outlet again.

• Press the [STOP] key to stop the pump

• Disconnect the controller from power supply and choose the motor wiring with the bigger water yield according to the observations.

8 minimum operating frequency Depending on the static head the pump system has to over-come, it needs a certain minimum operating frequency to pro-duce any water yield at the outlet. To protect the pump system from running without pumping any water to the surface, the minimum operating frequency has to be figured out by testing.

The minimum operating frequnecy is determined by the param-eter “PR 14” (“stopping frequency”). If the solar power input is getting less and the operating frequency drops below the value stored in “PR 14”, the controller will shut down the pump. The same case occurs in the morning; the pump will only be oper-ated when it can exceed the minimum operation speed.

The controller should still be configured to “Manual Start and Stop” from the previous step. To figure out the minimum frequency, set the reference frequency “PR 12” to value “10”. This value ensures, that the pump is operating at a low speed; not producing any flow.

Press the [RUN] key to start the pump; it should run now at 10.00 Hz. Observe the effluent from the pump outlet and in-crease the frequency slowly by pressing [UP]. Press [DOWN] to decrease the frequency if necessary. Increase the frequency until water reaches the surface, or respectively a desired minimum flow rate is reached.

The controller is showing the current operating frequency on the display. Write down this value of miminum operating frequency (f0) and stop the pump by pressing [STOP].

Set the the parameter for the shutdown frequency (PR 14) ac-cording to the determined minimum operating frequency f0.

The pump will now only run, when there is sufficient power to exceed the minimum operating frequency.

• Set PR 12 to 10.00.

• Press [RUN] key and observe the effluent of the water outlet

• If there is no effluent from the outlet, press [UP] key to slowly increase the output frequency

• If there is effluent from the pump, record the operating frequency f0.

• Set PR 14 to f0 (shutdown frequency).



19

9 operating mode of the controller The final step is to choose an operating mode that matches the demand of the pumping application. The controller can be operated in three diffrent modes:

• PR 11 = “0” : Manual Start and Stop - The pump ist started and stopped by pressing [RUN] and [STOP]; the operating frequency is adjusted manually by pressing [UP] + [DOWN]

• PR 11 = “1”: The pump will start automatically, when sufficient power is coming from the solar generator to exceed the minimum frequency stored in PR 14. The pump is operated at the highest possible frequency accord-ing to the available power from the PV generator (MPP tracking).

• PR 11 = “2”: Same behaviour like for PR 11 = “1”, but the pump is not starting automatically; it has to be started manually by pressing [RUN]. After that, the pump is oper-ated at the highest possible frequency according to the available power from the PV generator (MPP tracking).

Set PR11 (operating mode) according to the application demand.

0 Manual START and STOP: 1) Press [RUN] key to operate, the initial frequency value is deter-mined by PR12. 2) Then set the output frequency by pressing [UP] or [DOWN] key.

1 Fully automatic operation: Pump starts automatically, when sufficient power is present. The operating frequency is adjusted accoring to the sunlight intensity (MPP tracking)

2 Manual start of automatic operation: Press the [RUN] key to start the pump, the operating frequency is adjusted accoring to the sunlight intensity (MPP tracking)

11 set control parameter to read-only This step is necessary to protect the program parameters from accidentally changes after final setup. (writing protection)

Set PR0 to 1 before Controller start up.



20

5 Fault Diagnosis

5 1 Fault Code Description and Countermeasure

LORENTZ PSk series of solar pumping Controller have vari-

ous protection routines to ensure the controller and other

parts of the installation are not damaged when a fault

occurs. As a general protection measure the driving signal

output of the motor is stopped (breakaway) immediately

while restart is forbidden for a certain period of time.

The controller will automatically switch to the fault display

when an error occurs. The fault code will be displayed in

the last two digits and flash. If the first digit displays “P”,

this means protection measures have been taken and the

controller is reset. Disconntect controller from power and

wait until the capacitators have fully discharged. This will

be indicated by the display switching off. Then reconnect.

Alternatively, press the [RESET] key to reset. If the fault

still persists after resetting, please contact the manufac-

turer and make relevant processing.

After the fault or protection to be reset is eliminated, the

controller will conduct automatically a time-delayed restart.

At this time the fault number will appear in the first and

second digit of the numeric display. The last several digits

will display the countdown of the restart, when the count-

down is”0”, fault display unit will disap-pear automatically

and operating status data will be displayed.

Error Code Error Possible Reason Countermeasures

overvoltage too high input voltage inspect PV module voltage

undervoltagetoo low input voltage

sunlight too weak inspect PV module voltage

overcurrent

too large pump load

low PV module voltage

too long motor wiring

check if pump and motor are assembled correctly and no dirt has accumulated inside pump

change low-power pump load

inspect PV module voltage

shorten the cable between controller and motor

overload too large loadreduce the highest operating frequency

overcurrent of the moduleshorted output or grounding

module damaged

inspect the connection

turn to manufacturer for service

overtemperature of the module

air duct blocked

too high ambient tempera-ture

clear the air duct or improve the ventilation condition

AC CT fault device or circuit damagedcontact manufacturer for service

DC CT fault device or circuit damagedcontact manufacturer for service

data record fault device or circuit damaged device or circuit damaged

communication fault device or circuit damaged

reset, press “MODE” and “down” at the same time to load the default settings device or circuit damaged

idle load

indicates that pump has been running when water source is low, pump wire has been disconnected or pump does not match inverter

inspect water level, wire connection and whether the power of pump matches the capacity of the inverter



21

5 2 Description for Other Codes

Error Code Description

parameter initializationregular notification after performing a factory restore. Confirm the message by pressing [UP] and [DOWN] for controller reset

important parameter modificationregular notification after parameter modification. Confirm the message by pressing [UP] and [DOWN] for controller reset

controller type H: 380 V series, 11.0: rated power 11.0 kW

abnormal float switch 1

The pump will be restarted, after the controller has detected the switch as "normal" again. This time depends on the float switch startup latency (PR 29) plus the general pump start delay (PR 5).

abnormal float switch 2

The pump will be restarted, after the controller has detected the switch as “normal” again. This time depends on the float switch startup latency (PR 29) plus the general pump start delay (PR 5).

abnormal well probe sensor 1

The pump will be restarted, after the controller has detected the switch as "normal" again. This time de-pends on the startup latency (PR 27) plus the general pump start delay (PR 5).

abnormal well probe sensor 2

The pump will be restarted, after the controller has detected the switch as “normal” again. This time depends on the well probe startup latency (PR 27) plus the general pump start delay (PR 5)

abnormal coordination of float switch 1 and 2

The pump will be restarted, after the controller has detected both switches as “normal” again. This time depends on the well probe startup latency (PR 27) plus the general pump start delay (PR 5)

abnormal coordination of well probe sensor 1 and 2

The pump will be restarted, after the controller has detected both switches as "normal" again. This time depends on the startup latency (PR 27) plus the general pump start delay (PR 5).

starting time delay countdown of the restart: 30 seconds

PV voltage is too low to start pump; or too weak sunlight intensity; or PR 2 parameter is not suitable

When PV voltage is up to the start value, pump will start automatically.

Modify PR 2 parameter (open circuit voltage) accord-ing to the PV array. (Use the measured value, not the rated value given in the datasheet.)

5 3 Fault Inquiry and Reset

This series of Controllers record the fault codes of the latest

5 times. Searching this information will help find the fault

cause. Fault information is stored together with the control

parameter, code numbers are P20 to P24. Please refer to

the keyboard operation method to search and find out

relevant information.

When the Controller fault occurs, by pressing [UP] and

[DOWN] keys simultaneously or cutting off the power sup-

ply to restore normal operation.

CAUTION: Completely check up on the

fault cause and eliminate it before

resetting If it can not be reset or goes

wrong after resetting, check up on the

cause, because continuous resetting will damage

the Controller

CAUTION: Delay 5 minutes to reset

during overload and overheat

protection



22

6 Service and Maintenance

6 1 Routine Inspection and Maintenance

Affected by ambient temperature, humidity, dust, vibration

and internal device aging of the controller, problems might

occur during operation. To make the controller run stably, a

periodic inspection must be performed every year.

Requirement of Inspection and Maintenance

1. The inspection must be performed by professional

technical personnel.

2. Before working on the controller, always cut off the

power supply and wait, until the display turns off.

3. Avoid leaving any metal components in the

controller, or else they might cause damage to the

equipment.

4. An electric insulation test has been made on the con-

troller before it has left factory. A withstand-voltage

test is not necessary.

5. It is forbidden to use the megohmmeter to test in the

control circuit.

6. When conducting insulation test on the motor, you

have to disconnect the connection between motor

and controller.

Main Points for Inspection and Maintenance

Please use the controller under environment recommended

by this manual. Inspect and maintain as per the following

table.

Inspect frequency

regularInspection item Inspection content Judgment standard

√ running environment1. temperature, humidity

2. dust, gas

1. temperature <50 °C

2. humidity < 90 %, no dew condensation, no peculiar smell, flammable, explosive gas

√ cooling system1. installation environment

2. radiator

1. excellent ventilation in installation environment

2. radiator air duct not blocked

√ controller body

1. vibration, temperature rise

2. noise

3. lead, terminal

1. stable vibration, normal temperature of the shell

2. no abnormal noise and peculiar smell

3. fastening screws not loose

√ motor1. vibration, temperature rise

2. noise

1. steady running and normal tempera-ture

2. no abnormal and uneven noise

√ input and output parameter1. input voltage

2. output current

1. input voltage in the specified scope

2. output current under the rated value

6 2 Replacement of Wear Parts

Filter Capacitor

Pulsating current of the main circuit will influence the

performance of the aluminum electrolytic filter capacitor, of

which the degree will depend on the ambient tempera-

ture and application condition. The Controller used under

normal condition should replace its electrolytic capacitor

every 10 years. When the filter capacitor’s electrolyte is

leaking, safety valve bursting out or the capacitor main

body expanding, replace it immediately.

Cooling Fan

Cooling fan’s service life is about 15.000 hours. If the fan

appears abnormal noise or produces vibration, replace it

immediately.

Documents

PSk Solar Pump Systems - LORENTZ · PSk Solar Pump Systems Manual for Installation, Operation, Service. v140822 ERNT LORENT GmbH Co KG Kroegerskoppel 7, 24558 Henstedt-Ulzburg, Germany,