Provincial and local information on institutions (contact ... Statistics/DoE Stats at a Glance 1999.pdf · In 1999, 32 178 educational institutions were registered with the Department

National information on different sectors of the education system may be requested (preferably in writing) from the followingmembers of the national Directorate: Information Systems.

Director: Information SystemsMs Lulama MboboDepartment of Education, Pretoria, South Africa,Sol Plaatje House, 123 Schoeman Street, Pretoria, 0001Postal Address: Private Bag X895, Pretoria, 0001Email: [email protected]: 012-312 5239/5247Fax: 012-328 3089

General enquiriesMs Yvonne MotsepeEmail: [email protected]: 012-312 5247

Higher EducationMr Hennie de BeerEmail: [email protected]: 012-312 5098

Ms Jean SkeneEmail: [email protected]: 012-312 5099

General Education/SchoolsMs Carol Nuga DeliweEmail: [email protected]: 012-312 5244

SCOPE OF THIS PUBLICATION:

• Higher Education (HE)(including universities and technikons)

• Further Education and Training (FET)(including youth, community and technical colleges)

• General Education and Training (GET)(including mainstream schools with primary and secondary grades)

• Adult Basic Education and Training (ABET)(including public adult learning centres)

• Early Childhood Development (ECD)(including stand-alone pre-primary schools/centresoffering no primary grades. They may offer reception grades, i.e. Grade R/0)

• Education for Learners with Special EducationNeeds (ELSEN)(including stand-alone schools/centresfor learners with special educationneeds, e.g. learners who arevisually impaired)

Did you know that..34 in every 100 people inSouth Africa are learners in theeducation and training system?

In 1999, 32 178 institutions,comprising the following, wereregistered with theDepartment of Education:

• 27 461 ordinary public and independent schools• 2 226 ABET centres• 353 ELSEN centres• 81 colleges of education• 153 technical colleges• 1 868 pre-primary/ECD centres• 36 HE institutions

Of every 200 learners in the education system in South Africa in1999:

• 176 were in public schools• 3 were in independent schools• 8 were in HE institutions• 4 were in technical colleges• 4 were in public adult education learning centres

(ABET centres)• 2 were in pre-primary/ECD centres• 1 was in an ELSEN centre• 1 was in a college of education

Data reported by provinces unless otherwise stated. Directorate: Information Systems Tel: +27 (0) 12 312 5247/39 Fax: +27 (0) 12 328 3089

Provincial and local information on institutions (contact details, etc.) may be requested (preferably in writing) from the followingprovincial EMIS units:

Eastern Cape Department of Education and Culture Free State Department of Education and CultureMr John Bennett/ Mr Riaan van Rensburg Dr Fred WilkinsonActing Head, EMIS Unit Head, EMIS Unit2nd floor, Teachers' Centre, Epsom Road, Stirling, East London, 5201 Private Bag X20565, Bloemfontein, 9300Email: [email protected]/ [email protected] Email: [email protected]: 043-735 1820/1 Tel: 051-404 8414Fax: 043-735 1993 Fax: 051-404 8094

Gauteng Department of Education KwaZulu-Natal Department of Education and CultureMr Mohammed Sujee Mr Michael MainActing Head, EMIS Unit Acting Head, EMIS UnitPO Box 7710, Johannesburg, 2000 Private Bag X54330, Durban, 4000Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]: 011-355 1777/8 Tel: 031-205 0768Fax: 011-355 0670 Fax: 031-205 0765

Mpumalanga Department of Education North West Department of Education, Sports and RecreationMr Mario Pillay Mr Hilton VisagieHead, EMIS Unit Head, EMIS UnitPrivate Bag X251863, Middelburg, 1050 Private Bag X2044, Mmabatho, 2735Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]: 013-249 8592 Tel: 018-381 2016/7Fax: 013-282 7784 Fax: 018-381 2015

Northern Cape Department of Education, Sports and Culture Northern Province Department of Education, Arts, Culture and SportsMr Andrew Bartlett Mr Ngwako MatetaHead, EMIS Unit Head, EMIS UnitPrivate Bag X5020, Kimberley, 8301 Private Bag X9489, Pietersburg, 0700Email: [email protected] Email: not availableTel: 053-839 6641 Tel: 082 803 2152Fax: 053-839 6580 Fax: 015-297 4452

Western Cape Department of EducationMr Mike ChilesHead, EMIS UnitPrivate Bag X9114, Cape Town, 8000Email: [email protected]: 021-467 2650Fax: 021-467 2610

Colleges of Education & Training/Adult EducationMr Andrew LebepeEmail: [email protected]: 012-312 5477

Further Education and TrainingMr Ray NtiwaneEmail: [email protected]: 012-312 5240

Senior Certificate Examination (Grade 12 results)/ReportsMr Christo LombaardEmail: [email protected]: 012-312 5242

Systems DevelopmentMr Zenzo KubhekaEmail: [email protected]: 012-312 5246

Figure 7: Percentage distribution of learners in the education system, 1999

TechnicalColleges

2.0%Colleges ofEducation

0.6%

ELSEN Centres0.5%

ABET Centres2.1%

IndependentSchools1.6%

Pre-primary/ECD Centres

1.0%

HE Institutions3.9%

DATA COLLECTION

In South Africa, the task of collecting core data on the education system as a whole began in 1996 with the establishment of a national Directorate: Information Systems (EMIS)and nine provincial EMIS units. The EMIS was initially established to systematically collect and analyse data on learners, educators and resources at schools in particular. However,this work has since expanded to include data on other types of institutions in the GET, FET and HE sectors. Data submissions from institutions are usually in response to a shortsnap survey or a more detailed annual survey.

Because data collection systems are still developing, gaps in data sets are inevitable. Wherever possible, gaps were filled using other existing data sets to provide as complete apicture as possible. Notes on and details of adjustments made to the reported data are included in the footnotes. We hope that these shortcomings will be overcome as informationcollection, management and analysis techniques are refined.

13.

This publication has been produced by the Directorate:Information Systems,

Department of Education,Pretoria,

South Africaand may be used in part or as a whole, subject to the

Department of Education being acknowledged.

ISBN: 0-7970-3886-8

Acknowledgements

This publication has been produced with assistance and funds from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA), and with assistance and informationfrom the following:

Provincial EMIS unitsCensus in brief, 1999, Statistics South Africa

Population estimates for 1999, Statistics South AfricaPreliminary data from the National Business Initiative Quantitative Survey, 1999

Intergovernmental Fiscal Review, 1999, Department of Finance, South Africa

Of the 13 759 731 learners in all sectors of the education system in SouthAfrica in 1999, just over 88% were in ordinary public schools and almost12% of learners were in other institutions in the education system. Of theselearners in other institutions, 5% were in ordinary independent schools andABET, ELSEN and pre-primary/ECD centres, 2% were in technical colleges,and almost 5% were in colleges of education and HE institutions.

Copyright Department of Education 2001Sol Plaatjie House123 Schoeman Street, PretoriaPrivate Bag X895Pretoria0001

All rights reserved.You may copy material from this publication for use in non-profiteducation programmes if you acknowledge the source.

For use in publications, please get the written permission of theDepartment of Education.

C

FOREWORD

Public Schools88.2%

One of the most important priorities in education is the challenge of improving organisational effectivenessthrough improving monitoring, evaluation and accountability. We stated this in our Tirisano implementationplan and as one of the many steps towards achieving this objective, I am delighted to release thispublication of education statistics and indicators in South Africa for the year 1999. I believe that thisinformation on education and training will be useful to clients of, and participants in, our educationsystem. Learners, educators and parents as well as administrators, managers, unions and decision-makers will find the tables and charts informative and easy to use. To facilitate comparisons, the statisticsare also presented in percentages.

As the Department of Education is committed to producing an annual publication of this kind in future,I hope that readers within and outside the education community will use it and comment on its contents.

I would like to encourage schools and other education institutions to use this publication for classroom research and as a tool for institutionalisingknowledge about our education system.

This publication would not have been possible without the contributions of the members of the national Education Management Information System(EMIS) unit and the nine provincial EMIS units who had the onerous task of setting up, managing and maintaining the management informationsystems that yielded the contents of this publication. We remain deeply indebted to other partners in the education community whose recommendationswill provide the basis for further development and refinement of statistical reporting on education in South Africa. Special gratitude is owed to theSwedish International Development Agency who provided the funding support that made this publication possible.

TD MselekuDirector-General: Department of Education

Pretoria, South Africa

SUMMARY OF EDUCATION STATISTICS

In 1999, 32 178 educational institutions were registered with the Department of Education in South Africa, namely 27 461 ordinary schools and 4 717 other education institutions,as follows (see centre page):

• 27 461 institutions were ordinary schools with 365 447 educators and 12 362 277 learners. These ordinary schools were made up of:

- 26 644 ordinary public schools with 351 158 educators and 12 138 032 learners- 817 ordinary independent schools with 14 289 educators and 224 245 learners

The 27 461 institutions were also made up of:

- 17 254 primary schools with 187 245 educators and 6 550 920 learners- 5 673 secondary schools with 116 614 educators and 3 731 838 learners- 4 534 combined, intermediate and middle schools with 61 588 educators and 2 079 519 learners

• 4 717 institutions in other education sectors with 52 119 educators and 1 397 454 learners. These other institutions were made up of:

- 2 226 ABET centres with 16 089 educators and 294 566 learners- 353 ELSEN centres with 5 727 educators and 71 177 learners- 81 colleges of education with 3 962 educators and 85 985 learners- 153 technical colleges with 7 038 educators and 271 900 learners- 1 868 pre-primary/ECD centres with 5 525 educators and 142 741 learners- 36 HE institutions with 13 778 educators and 531 085 learners


Pre-primary

1 2693 491

9492 0741 8493 3703 1012 921

6351 8273 1051 1192 6434 825

5893 3961 816

2 197

1 2861 074

565765

67 852

7 3316 3063 6951 4835 8474 3642 4754 1616 721

42 383110 235

Secondary 3)

24 340

20 194

18 675

24 225

32 494

29 552

19 770

20 329

12 820

21 864

24 9419 277

16 06131 88217 14423 18318 755

36 589883

25 77125 1309 081

15 112655 438

15 664

29 361

38 806

21 765

24 981

26 085

17 463

20 606

40 516

35 863

34 494

27 851

333 455

46 412

35 263

33 245

42 390

34 614

32 347

20 455

32 521

31 910

309 1574 131 356

Number ofEducators

1 835

1 523

1 529

1 878

2 722

2 294

1 819

1 789

1 366

1 850

2 060

910

1 387

2 488

1 434

2 070

1 607

12

3 311

31

2 185

2 079

1 046

1 284

55 408

1 627

2 728

3 148

2 218

2 386

2 471

1 734

1 850

4 264

2 841

3 355

2 754

31 376

4 217

3 474

3 424

3 588

3 339

3 269

2 271

3 544

3 487

30 613370 922

Learner Enrolment Educators Institutions

Number of Publicand Independent

Institutions119

172

159

153

177

209

127

165

145

127

241

119

98

241

111

172

130

1

257

1

166

154

165

92

4 803

124

163

219

226

124

153

190

174

268

174

298

212

2 325

296

209

310

139

198

221

221

384

219

2 19728 982

Region District

Hlanganani

Konekwena

Magakala

Mahwelereng

Malamulele

Mankweng

Mkhuhlu

Mogodumo

Mutale

Naphuno

NeboPalalaPhalaborwaPolokwaneRitaviSekgoseseSekhukhuneSibasa

Soutpansberg

Thabina

Thohoyandou

Vuwani

Warmbaths

Zebediela

Total

Atamelang

Brits

Klerksdorp

Lichtenburg

Mabopane

Mafikeng

Mothibistad

Potchefstroom

Rustenburg

Temba

Vryburg

Zeerust

Total

Athlone

Bellville

George

Kuils River

Mitchells Plain

Paarl

West Coast

Worcester

Wynberg

Total

Total 1)

61 670

51 213

49 858

63 815

91 457

77 060

61 049

57 264

38 905

59 742

64 90129 54349 24183 88445 94466 25251 790

250106 452

88372 86167 83928 34839 217

1 823 017

48 198

81 155

111 402

69 163

69 990

70 715

50 974

60 356

114 710

91 757

105 498

70 839

944 757

126 323

104 429

107 998

134 047

116 528

99 571

73 929

109 692

90 841

963 35812 275 784

Primary 2)

36 061

27 528

30 234

37 498

57 114

43 925

38 178

33 956

25 450

35 685

36 79719 14730 52346 31828 21139 67331 219

67 659

45 80441 63518 65223 340

1 097 708

32 534

51 312

72 176

47 290

44 612

44 289

33 511

39 537

72 898

55 894

70 994

42 848

607 895

71 677

62 107

70 677

89 797

75 799

62 375

50 529

72 590

51 578

607 1297 981 325GRAND TOTAL

(NATIONAL)

9. Western Cape (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12, Pre-primary, Gr R/0, ELSEN & unspecified)

8. North West (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12 & Gr R/0)

Table 1: Demography of South Africa, 1996 1)

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF SOUTH AFRICA

HISTORY

The demographic, geographic and economic characteristics of South Africa's provincesvary due to natural, but mainly historical, factors. The geographical distribution ofdifferent population groups and the allocation of resources to these populations withinwhat are now nine provincial boundaries, have their roots in the history and politicsof the country.

BEFORE 1994

The system of government in South Africa was centralised, but fragmented along raciallines. In total, there were 17 systems of government and administration in threeseparate administrations catering for Whites, Indians and Coloureds under the tricameralsystem, the four provincial administrations (extensions of the white House of Assembly),the four "independent states" and the six "self-governing" territories. The latter twomade up ten "homeland" administrative structures. Since 1994, the process of mergingthese 17 administrations into one coherent national education system while simultaneouslyredressing the imbalances of the past has been a challenge concerning the delivery ofpublic services such as education and training in South Africa.

MILIEU

Provinces containing former homelands tend to have a larger proportion of theirpopulation in more rural settings and a higher than average population density.Provinces with a high non-urban population (more than 50%) include the Eastern Cape,KwaZulu-Natal and the Northern Province. These populations are further from education,training and employment opportunities present in urban areas, and the challenge tothe education system is to improve access to such opportunities for non-urban populations.

SIZE AND POPULATION DENSITY

Generally, the larger the province, the larger the population. However, an analysis ofpopulation density shows that some provinces do not follow this trend. Gauteng, forexample, is the smallest province, with a population density of over 400 people persquare kilometre (km2), which is more than ten times the national average of 33people per km2. Gauteng contributes one in every three rands of the Gross Domestic

Product (GDP) of South Africa and is the province which is the main locus of economicactivity in the country.

The next three most densely populated provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, the Northern Provinceand the Eastern Cape, have a combined area of just over 385 000 km2 (almost 32%of the total national land area) with just under 50% of the total national population.High transport and logistical costs are challenges to education and training provisionin provinces such as the Northern Cape, which is the province with the largest area,yet also the most sparsely populated province.

YOUNG PEOPLE

The most densely populated provinces also contain the largest proportion of youngpeople of school-going age. KwaZulu-Natal, the Eastern Cape, Gauteng and the NorthernProvince together contain just fewer than seven in every ten young people of school-going age in South Africa.

EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC PROFILE

Provinces containing former homelands also show the results of an historical lack ofinvestment in human capital. More than one in five people aged over 20 years livingin the more rural provinces have had no schooling and only about five in every 100people have a tertiary education qualification according to Statistics South Africa.Unemployment rates higher than the average of 33.9% prevail in the same provinces.There are lower unemployment rates and more qualified populations living in the moreurban provinces, which have higher levels of economic activity (for example, theWestern Cape and Gauteng).

DIVERSITY AND GENDER RATIOS

Africans form the majority of the population in all provinces, except the Western Capeand the Northern Cape where Coloureds form the majority. 51.9% of South Africa'spopulation is female and all provinces except Gauteng have a larger proportion offemales than males.

1.12.

Source: Census in brief, 1999, Statistics South Africa (1996 census data).1) Numbers and percentages may not necessarily add up due to rounding off.

Land area (km2)

Total population

Male population

Female population

% Share of total national population

Population density (people per km2)

Total population

% Male

% Female

Total population

% African/Black

% Coloured

% Indian/Asian

% White

% Unspecified

Total population

% Urban population

% Non-urban population

School-age population (7-year-olds to 18-year-olds)

% of total national school-age population

Number of “homelands” in former administration

School-age population density (7-year-olds to 18-year-olds per km2)

% of population aged 20+ years with no education

% of population aged 20+ years with tertiary education

Unemployment rates by province (%)

Eastern Cape

169 580

6 302 525

2 908 056

3 394 469

15.5

37.2

100.0

46.1

53.9

100.0

86.4

7.4

0.3

5.2

0.6

100.0

36.6

63.4

1 984 942

18.4

2

11.7

20.9

4.7

48.5

Free State

129 480

2 633 504

1 298 348

1 335 156

6.5

20.3

100.0

49.3

50.7

100.0

84.4

3.0

0.1

12.0

0.4

100.0

68.6

31.4

677 661

6.2

2

5.2

16.1

5.2

30.0

Gauteng

17 010

7 348 423

3 750 845

3 597 578

18.1

432.0

100.0

51.0

49.0

100.0

70.0

3.8

2.2

23.2

0.8

100.0

97.0

3.0

1 390 882

12.8

0

81.8

9.5

8.4

28.2

KwaZulu-

Natal

92 100

8 417 021

3 950 527

4 466 493

20.7

91.4

100.0

46.9

53.1

100.0

81.7

1.4

9.4

6.6

0.8

100.0

43.1

56.9

2 361 561

21.7

1

25.6

22.9

4.8

39.1

Mpuma-

langa

79 490

2 800 711

1 362 028

1 438 683

6.9

35.2

100.0

48.6

51.4

100.0

89.2

0.7

0.5

9.0

0.6

100.0

39.1

60.9

780 419

7.2

2

9.8

29.4

5.0

32.9

Northern

Cape

361 830

840 321

412 681

427 639

2.1

2.3

100.0

49.1

50.9

100.0

33.2

51.8

0.3

13.3

1.5

100.0

70.1

29.9

220 956

2.0

0

0.6

21.7

5.8

28.5

Northern

Province

123 910

4 929 368

2 253 072

2 676 296

12.1

39.8

100.0

45.7

54.3

100.0

96.7

0.2

0.1

2.4

0.7

100.0

11.0

89.0

1 636 426

15.2

3

13.2

36.9

4.5

46.0

North

West

116 320

3 354 825

1 649 835

1 704 990

8.3

28.8

100.0

49.2

50.8

100.0

91.2

1.4

0.3

6.6

0.5

100.0

34.9

65.1

888 253

8.2

2

7.6

22.7

4.2

37.9

Western

Cape

129 370

3 956 875

1 935 494

2 021 381

9.7

30.6

100.0

48.9

51.1

100.0

20.9

54.2

1.0

20.8

3.1

100.0

88.9

11.1

889 173

8.2

0

6.9

6.7

10.6

17.9

South

Africa

1 219 090

40 583 573

19 520 887

21 062 685

100.0

33.3

100.0

48.1

51.9

100.0

76.7

8.9

2.6

10.9

0.9

100.0

53.7

46.3

10 830 275

100.0

8.9

19.3

6.2

33.9

Data reported by provinces unless otherwise stated. Directorate: Information Systems Tel: +27 (0) 12 312 5247/39 Fax: +27 (0) 12 328 3089 Data reported by provinces unless otherwise stated. Directorate: Information Systems Tel: +27 (0) 12 312 5247/39 Fax: +27 (0) 12 328 3089

Pre-primary

1 9491 1992 2656 7262 4664 3581 8291 539

655

Secondary 3)

19 762

24 561

29 852

295 568

40 664

29 843

46 284

26 167

26 123

32 120

22 710

26 401

30 977

31 871

34 733

29 435

17 423

42 737

42 076

28 437

37 658

24 151

569 810

142 754

128 918

136 331

147 683111 39583 777

110 89962 617

924 374

28 700

29 525

34 239

33 615

36 532

31 545

23 344

33 143

33 893

35 846

320 382

10 135

29 721

7 299

17 061

64 216

19 582

11 111

16 284

27 184

16 601

23 260

16 676

24 226

22 442

Number ofEducators

1 576

2 008

2 295

24 448

3 512

2 658

4 687

2 207

3 774

3 177

2 550

2 254

2 829

2 893

3 420

2 693

1 720

3 609

3 298

2 831

3 428

2 199

53 739

12 482

10 208

10 689

12 8879 9297 4699 5715 190

78 425

2 225

2 593

2 590

2 757

2 664

2 512

2 098

2 700

3 151

3 138

26 428

1 181

2 829

913

1 972

6 895

1 695

1 038

1 441

2 286

1 326

1 995

1 616

1 923

1 579


Number of Public and Independent

Institutions331

256

126

2 816

143

116

211

110

118

112

117

89

126

119

135

95

76

133

144

135

142

93

2 214

698

815

779

730825620921525

5 913

157

290

169

214

158

157

180

202

309

225

2 061

98

173

88

142

501

122

97

157

240

125

200

117

155

89

Region District

Reitz

Sasolburg

Welkom

Total

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

N1

N2

N3

N4

N5

N6

N7

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

Total

Durban South

Empangeni

Ladysmith

North DurbanPietermaritzburgPort ShepstoneUlundiVryheidTotal

Eerstehoek

Ermelo

Groblersdal

Hazyview

Kwamhlanga

Malelane

Moretele

Nelspruit

Standerton

Witbank

Total

De Aar

Kimberley

Springbok

Upington

Total

Acornhoek

Apel

Bakenberg

Bochum

Bohlabela

Bolebedu

Bushbuckridge

Dennilton

Giyani

Total 1)

52 796

63 377

74 150

765 521

111 557

82 608

105 351

69 313

77 274

87 047

63 127

68 588

74 990

97 568

96 103

90 070

56 984

115 981

112 200

82 719

109 539

68 404

1 569 423

403 326

405 450

394 848

394 872323 903273 405385 832190 589

2 772 225

78 126

94 274

92 526

97 668

93 721

100 997

64 455

95 287

102 533

103 775

923 362

34 776

87 399

25 271

55 838

203 284

58 532

31 745

43 413

80 114

49 463

70 528

53 653

62 153

53 978

Primary 2)

33 034

38 816

44 298

469 953

69 545

51 911

57 474

41 891

50 281

53 759

39 427

41 860

43 043

64 988

59 807

59 597

39 102

72 499

69 261

53 479

71 213

43 479

982 616

260 572

276 532

258 517

247 189

212 508

189 628

274 933

127 972

1 847 851

46 105

63 742

57 103

61 091

56 326

69 086

38 496

58 895

66 533

64 002

581 379

23 867

56 126

16 951

37 969

134 913

36 925

19 435

24 864

46 168

30 396

42 910

35 148

36 374

30 881

3. Gauteng (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12, Pre-primary & ELSEN)

5. Mpumalanga (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12 & Gr R/0)

6. Northern Cape (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12, Pre-primary & Gr R/O)

7. Northern Province (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12, ELSEN & unspecified)

4. KwaZulu-Natal (Primary - includes Pre-primary & Gr R; Secondary - includes ELSEN; Total - Gr 1-12, Pre-primary, Gr R/0 & ELSEN)

Table 2: Number of learners, educators, schools and learner-to-educator ratio, Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) and Gender Parity Index (GPI) in theordinary public and independent school sector per province, 1999 (summary data)

Source: Western Cape - 1999 Annual Survey. Other provinces - 1999 SNAP Survey (conducted on the 10th school day).

Note: Data is for ordinary public and independent schools only. Data on stand-alone pre-primary schools/centres, ELSEN/special schools, ABET schools/centres, colleges of education and technical colleges is excluded.

SCHOOLS

In 1999, there were 27 461 ordinary public and independent schools (hereafter togetherreferred to as ordinary schools) in South Africa. Ordinary schools are the so-calledmainstream schools and exclude stand-alone ELSEN/special schools and pre-primary/ECDschools or centres. Just over 97% (26 644) of these ordinary schools were public schoolsand less than 3% (817) were independent schools. The Eastern Cape had the largestnumber of ordinary schools (6 190), while the Northern Cape had the smallest numberof ordinary schools (493).

• Ordinary public schools

The Eastern Cape had the highest number of ordinary public schools (6 145), whilethe Northern Cape had the smallest number (475). The Eastern Cape (6 145),

KwaZulu-Natal (5 578) and the Northern Province (4 035) together contained almost 60% of all ordinary public schools in South Africa.

• Ordinary independent schools

Gauteng had the highest number of ordinary independent schools (314), while theNorthern Cape had the smallest number (18). Gauteng (314), KwaZulu-Natal (138)and the Western Cape (128) together contained over 70% of the total number of

ordinary independent schools in the country.

LEARNERS

In 1999, there were 12 313 8991) learners at ordinary schools in South Africa. Over56% of these learners were concentrated in three largely rural provinces (the NorthernProvince, the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal). Approximately one in every threepeople in South Africa is in the school system.

EDUCATORS

In 1999, there were 365 447 educators teaching 12 313 899 learners in ordinaryschools in South Africa. KwaZulu-Natal (74 719) had the highest number of educatorsin ordinary schools, while the Northern Cape (6 773) had the lowest.

INDICATORS

All three indicators are for ordinary schools including primary and secondary grades.

• Learner-to-educator ratio

On average, there were almost 34 learners per educator in South Africa. The learner-to-educator ratio varied from 37.1 in KwaZulu-Natal to 30.1 in the Free State. In general, the lower the learner-to-educator ratio, the more contact an educator mayhave with a learner during the learning and teaching process.

• Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER)

GER is defined as the number of learners enrolled in primary and secondary gradesregardless of age, as a proportion of the appropriate age group in the population(7-year-olds to 18-year-olds), and expressed as a percentage. GER is widely used

to show the level of participation in education. In 1999, there were large variationsin GER by province, ranging from 104% in the Eastern Cape to 81% in the NorthernCape. A GER value that exceeds 100% in four provinces (Eastern Cape, Free State,KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga) indicates a high prevalence of enrolment of under-aged and over-aged learners in the school system.

• Gender Parity Index (GPI)

GPI is defined as GER for females divided by GER for males. This indicator is used to indicate the level of access of females to education. In 1999, there were fewer females than males in the school system in only one province, namely KwaZulu-

Natal, as shown by a GPI of less than one (0.99). The Eastern Cape had more females(53.9%) in its population, and this is reflected in a high GPI of 1.06. The high GPI

in the Western Cape of 1.04 may signal an under-enrolment of males since the underlying percentage distribution of females in the population was only 51.1%.

2. 11.

Province

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

National

Learners 1)

2 324 684

780 170

1 569 423

2 772 225

930 624

204 238

1 823 017

946 160

963 358

12 313 899

Public

6 145

2 816

1 900

5 578

1 877

475

4 035

2 293

1 525

26 644

Total

6 190

2 872

2 214

5 716

1 927

493

4 071

2 325

1 653

27 461

Independent

45

56

314

138

50

18

36

32

128

817

Learner-to-educator Ratio

36.3

30.1

29.2

37.1

36.0

30.2

33.9

30.2

32.9

33.7

GER as a %

104%

101%

100%

103%

103%

81%

96%

95%

94%

100%

GPI

1.06

1.01

1.01

0.99

1.00

1.01

1.02

1.01

1.04

1.02

Educators

64 080

25 940

53 739

74 719

25 856

6 773

53 712

31 376

29 252

365 447

Schools Indicators

1) Including learners in pre-primary, Grade R/0 and ELSEN at ordinary public and independent schools. Figures are the same as in Table 3, but don’t tally with figures on the centre page due to unstandardised differences among different school types across provinces.



Figure 1: Percentage distribution of learners, educators and schools in the ordinary public and independent education sector per province , 1999

Largely urban provinces tend to have fewer schools as a percentage of the national total and a larger enrolment per school. Largely rural provinces tend to have proportionallymore schools with fewer pupils per school. In Figure 1, we see that the highly urban province of Gauteng has 8% of the national total of ordinary schools serving 13% ofSouth Africa's learners, while the more rural Eastern Cape has 23% of the national total of ordinary schools serving 19% of the country's learners.

In 1999, there were proportionally more ordinary independent schools in Gauteng (14%), the Western Cape (8%) and the Northern Cape (4%), compared with about 1% eachin the Eastern Cape, the Northern Province and North West.

Figure 2: Percentage distribution of ordinary public and independent schools per type and province, 1999

Learners

Educators

Schools

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Mpumalanga Northern Cape NorthernProvince North West Western Cape

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

Public

Independent

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Mpumalanga Northern Cape NorthernProvince

North West Western Cape

99.3%

0.7%

98.1%

1.9%

85.8%

14.2%

2.4%

97.6% 97.4%

2.6%

96.3%

3.7% 0.9%

99.1% 98.6%

1.4%

92.3%

7.7%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Table 6: Number of learners, educators and institutions in ordinary public and independent schools per province and district, 1999

Source for ordinary public and independent schools: Western Cape - 1999 Annual Survey. Other provinces - 1999 SNAP Survey (conducted on the 10th school day).Note 1: Excluding learners at stand-alone pre-primary schools/centres, ELSEN/special schools, ABET schools/centres, colleges of education and technical colleges.Note 2: Figures in this table do not tally with previous tables for all provinces due to data extraction from different tables submitted.Note 3: Empty cells could mean data not available, not applicable or quantity nil.1) Excluding learners in pre-primary and/or Grade R/0 and/or ELSEN for provinces as shown.2) Including learners in pre-primary and/or Grade R/0 for two provinces as shown.3) Including ELSEN for two provinces as shown.�

3.10.

18.9

%

17.5

%22

.5%

6.3% 7.

1%10

.5%

12.7

%14

.7%

8.1%

22.5

%

20.4

%20

.8%

7.6%

7.1%

7.0%

1.7% 1.9%

1.8%

14.8

%14

.7%

14.8

%

7.7% 8.

6%8.

5%

7.8% 8.0%

6.0%

Data reported by provinces unless otherwise stated. Directorate: Information Systems Tel: +27 (0) 12 312 5247/39 Fax: +27 (0) 12 328 3089Data reported by provinces unless otherwise stated. Directorate: Information Systems Tel: +27 (0) 12 312 5247/39 Fax: +27 (0) 12 328 3089

Central

Eastern

Northern

North Eastern

South Eastern

Western

Pre-primary Secondary 3)

18 52831 99223 70223 7469 425

19 80216 50715 93112 93311 5316 663

11 78812 16729 4617 2975 935

25 73726 06913 02414 84120 9659 790

21 05017 9069 280

15 00712 91314 49518 15712 04311 0419 727

10 3448 1099 1099 451

14 6695 525

35 70435 10621 486

658 956

28 812

22 729

19 792

29 415

21 588

25 479

25 782

24 497

23 299

Primary 2)

36 71257 94341 66831 47613 08933 28263 55359 69842 67747 14225 04236 84039 06569 26619 84516 95079 62253 31521 10031 69868 26842 07074 72245 81126 81242 94338 23948 79753 03323 48230 22734 37527 12821 06535 98520 94624 71416 14754 64059 711

42 783

1 651 881

41 404

44 122

43 595

42 073

32 899

39 305

41 889

40 162

28 356

1 9452 6051 6431 652

9171 6971 6031 8141 2211 332

7411 3191 4202 597

781858

3 0642 2121 1731 2221 8071 0991 8971 692

9551 5851 2481 0551 6361 2051 1411 2551 3951 0521 2951 1601 390

7873 0213 1421 957

63 590

2 122

1 918

2 134

2 330

1 652

2 200

2 297

2 024

1 892

Total 1)

55 24089 93565 37055 22222 51453 08480 06075 62955 61058 67331 70548 62851 23298 72727 14222 885

105 35979 38434 12446 53989 23351 86095 77263 71736 09257 95051 15263 29271 19035 52541 26844 10237 47229 17445 09430 39739 38321 67290 34494 81764 269

2 310 837

70 216

66 851

63 387

71 488

54 487

64 784

67 671

64 659

51 655

Learner Enrolment

District

AliceEast LondonKing William’s TownMdantsanePeddieZwelitshaElliotdaleEngcoboLibodeNgqeleniPort St JohnsQumbuTsoloUmtataAliwal NorthCradockLady FrereQueenstown EastQueenstown WestSterkspruitBizanaFlagstaffLusikisikiMalutiMount AyliffMount FrereMt FletcherTabankuluUmzimkuluButterworthIdutywaKentaniNqamakweTsomoWillowvaleGraaff-reinetGrahamstownHumansdorpPort Elizabeth EastPort Elizabeth WestUitenhageTotal

Bethlehem

Bloemfontein East

Bloemfontein South

Bloemfontein West

Harrismith

Kroonstad

Ladybrand

Odendaalsrus

Puthaditjhaba

Educators Institutions

27018018412010616520420413314486

14016020110994

30925110411617612319616510116915514217510912112813611713411816283

125129108

6 152

271

115

227

261

207

332

321

295

74

1. Eastern Cape (Public schools only; Primary - includes Gr R/0; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr R/0 - 12)


Institutions

Number ofEducatorsRegion

2. Free State (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - includes ELSEN; Total - Gr 1-12 & ELSEN)


Figure 3: Learner-to-educator ratios in ordinary public and independent schools per province, 1999

In 1999, the average learner-to-educator ratio at ordinary schools in South Africa was 33.7. The learner-to-educator ratio of four provinces (Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal,Mpumalanga and the Northern Province) was higher than the national average, while five provinces (Free State, Gauteng, Northern Cape, North West and Western Cape) hadratios lower than the national average.

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Mpumalanga Northern Cape NorthernProvince North West Western Cape National

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

36.3

30.1 29.2

37.136.0

30.2

33.9

30.2

32.9 33.7

Table 3: Number of learners in ordinary public and independent schools per grade, gender and province, 1999

Table 4: Divisions of the allocation (in thousands of rand) to the establishment of education for 1999/2000Source: Annual Report 1999, Department of Education.

1) Includes R211 million for the conditional grants to provinces (former Policy Reserve Fund), R35.475million for youth colleges and R168.954 million for the functioning of the nationalDepartment of Education.

2) Please note that this is real expenditure for 1998/1999 as indicated in Table 5.

Education accounts for the largest single item of state expenditure in the countryat about 21% of the state budget, equivalent to 6% of the GDP. On average,provinces spend about 40% of their budgets on education, mostly on ordinaryschools.

Table 5: Expenditure (in thousands of rand) per province and sector/programme for the 1998/1999 1) financial year (excluding out-of-school arts and culture)

Source: Budget Review, Department of Finance.Note: Empty cells could mean data not available, not applicable or quantity nil.1) Data for 1999/2000 not available.2) Disaggregation of data not available.

4. 9.

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

National

Primary Phase

FemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotalFemaleMaleTotal

2 0771 8503 927

5 3565 407

10 7635 0415 107

10 1482 7002 6545 354

482472954

15 08214 06829 150

10 15410 22620 38040 89239 78480 676

10 54210 16120 7037 2547 395

14 649

18 12418 21036 3348 1258 177

16 3022 0732 0824 155

19 66819 03438 7021 8931 5513 444

10 89511 10822 00378 57477 718

156 292

12 61912 01124 6307 2547 395

14 6495 3565 407

10 76323 16523 31746 48210 82510 83121 6562 5552 5545 109

34 75033 10267 8521 8931 5513 444

21 04921 33442 383

119 466117 502236 968

174 707181 911356 61828 27731 79260 06974 01678 570

152 586148 727163 314312 04141 74145 13286 8738 7788 762

17 54077 18482 327

159 51140 12543 20583 33044 25246 11290 364

637 807681 125

1 318 932

129 297136 496265 79334 25237 39971 65173 60978 100

151 709130 391142 751273 14240 44844 91185 3599 639

10 43920 07881 36588 769

170 13442 97447 44990 42346 18649 05495 240

588 161635 368

1 223 529

119 567123 803243 37035 08537 24172 32673 05375 681

148 734129 415139 220268 63542 89446 43189 32510 12610 47220 59879 48286 358

165 84045 55249 33094 88244 65946 05690 715

579 833614 592

1 194 425

112 102113 559225 66135 98637 63873 62470 84673 964

144 810127 134135 418262 55242 71946 40389 12210 50810 92821 43677 74484 380

162 12447 35951 10598 46444 13845 75289 890

568 536599 147

1 167 683

103 68899 463

203 15134 70235 61570 31767 35269 171

136 523118 843123 332242 17540 58742 11982 7069 6479 834

19 48177 37280 492

157 86445 67445 11290 78642 19442 63284 826

540 059547 770

1 087 829

95 38488 766

184 15032 13132 04064 17163 90263 479

127 381112 878113 284226 16238 65538 45777 1128 8318 757

17 58873 27273 087

146 35938 44837 38775 83539 91240 03579 947

503 413495 292998 705

88 16978 639

166 80829 07428 72157 79561 45359 420

120 873109 155107 507216 66236 73135 96172 6928 2828 026

16 30868 46267 414

135 87637 76936 81174 58038 35137 79676 147

477 446460 295937 741

822 914822 637

1 645 551229 507240 446469 953484 231498 385982 616876 543924 826

1 801 369283 775299 414583 18965 81167 218

133 029534 881562 827

1 097 708297 901310 399608 300299 692307 437607 129

3 895 2554 033 5897 928 844

Pre-primary Phase

Allocation (R’000)

415 429

4 419 198

1 741 027

60 000

390 000

38 631 771

45 657 425

Division

National Department of Education 1)

Universities

Technikons

Redress funds for HE

National Student Financial Aid Scheme

Provincial education departments 2)

Total

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

Total

Province

Education Sector/Programme

Education inSpecialised Schools

Amount %

1.52%

2.66%

4.50%

2.19%

1.74%

0.37%

1.18%

1.79%

7.09%

2.70%

Teacher/EducatorTraining

Amount %

0.94%

2.53%

2.00%

2.66%

1.53%

0.88%

3.76%

1.83%

1.54%

2.12%

Technical CollegeEducation

Amount %

1.36%

1.69%

3.38%

1.59%

1.33%

1.64%

0.93%

1.56%

2.43%

1.81%

Non-formal Education

24 010

19 407

42 795

14 708

27 330

2 191

4 634

51 402

13 951

200 429

Amount %

0.36%

0.74%

0.71%

0.21%

1.03%

0.24%

0.08%

1.59%

0.36%

0.52%

ABET

Amount %

0.03%

0.06%

0.01%

ECD

3 651

3 651

Amount %

0.14%

0.01%

Youth Colleges

ProfessionalServices

Amount %

0.33%

3.08%

1.66%

3.00%

0.92%

0.44%

0.82%

0.30%

2.55%

1.55%

Total

Budget

17.05%

6.83%

15.65%

18.35%

6.87%

2.36%

14.54%

8.36%

10.01%

100.00%

Total

% of Total

Provincial

Education

Budget

100 063

70 135

271 943

155 066

46 101

3 397

66 014

57 878

274 061

1 044 658

61 981

66 817

121 066

188 762

40 487

8 010

211 425

59 134

59 573

817 255

89 292

44 656

204 090

112 403

35 437

14 960

52 410

50 250

93 829

697 327

260

2 306

2 566

21 757

81 167

100 184

212 742

24 550

4 043

45 925

9 682

98 464

598 514

6 584 958

2 638 656

6 045 192

7 088 259

2 654 752

910 101

5 615 892

3 227 765

3 866 195

38 631 771

Gender Pre-primary GR R/O Total(Pre-primary)

GR 1 GR 2 GR 3 GR 4 GR 5 GR 6 GR 7 Total(Primary)

Province

530 790

115 481

77 469

344 911

122 920

31 915

344 700

263 592

173 532

2 005 311

Province

3 511 371

1 293 104

3 035 303

3 687 790

1 507 307

514 027

2 775 475

1 773 809

1 832 077

19 930 263

2 238 321

936 101

2 063 081

2 343 059

838 096

328 438

2 104 426

956 046

1 279 460

13 087 027


Management Services

Amount %

8.06%

4.38%

1.28%

4.87%

4.63%

3.51%

6.14%

8.17%

4.49%

5.19%

Primary

Amount %

53.32%

49.01%

50.21%

52.03%

56.78%

56.48%

49.42%

54.95%

47.39%

51.59%

Secondary

Amount %

33.99%

35.48%

34.13%

33.06%

31.57%

36.09%

37.47%

29.62%

33.09%

33.88%

Ordinary Public School Education

5 749 692

2 229 205

5 098 384

6 030 848

2 345 403

842 465

4 879 901

2 729 855

3 111 537

33 017 290

Total

Amount %

87.32%

84.48%

84.34%

85.08%

88.35%

92.57%

86.89%

84.57%

80.48%

85.47%

5 370

34 937

19 439

32 281

92 027

6 417

94 324

9 380

6 661

116 782

Primary

Amount %

0.20%

0.58%

0.27%

0.83%

0.24%

Secondary

Amount %

0.24%

1.56%

0.13%

0.17%

0.30%

7 373 (2)

11 787

129 261

28 819

8 873 (2)

2 861 (2)

10 883 (2)

5 972 (2)

38 942

244 771

Total

Amount %

0.11%

0.45%

2.14%

0.41%

0.33%

0.31%

0.19%

0.19%

1.01%

0.63%

Ordinary Independent School Education

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

Total


Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

National

Other


90 55876 599

167 15735 37033 39868 76869 34866 594

135 942123 120119 596242 71643 97540 93684 9118 5348 647

17 18185 85481 978

167 83239 83438 10177 93541 07339 55280 625

537 666505 401

1 043 067

81 02167 620

148 64134 39431 69066 08465 24760 769

126 016106 99498 804

205 79838 14733 62171 7687 9137 800

15 71375 12966 672

141 80136 52433 71870 24236 98634 19071 176

482 355434 884917 239

77 04459 948

136 99234 53930 20064 73963 34756 153

119 50096 41785 293

181 71035 19830 10465 3026 7936 696

13 48964 23954 805

119 04439 80235 34975 15134 73230 14464 876

452 111388 692840 803

63 30147 386

110 68728 95124 52653 47756 97848 796

105 77488 99575 473

164 46831 51927 09158 6105 2664 901

10 16766 42454 299

120 72334 64828 99563 64327 98922 68250 671

404 071334 149738 220

52 05837 52689 58419 93916 68436 62345 56637 01282 57865 71653 329

119 04522 91119 00541 9164 0483 6187 666

59 07646 962

106 03826 08220 50746 58924 01217 79741 809

319 408252 440571 848

Total (Secondary)

363 982289 079653 061153 193136 498289 691300 486269 324569 810481 242432 495913 737171 750150 757322 50732 55431 66264 216

350 722304 716655 438176 890156 670333 560164 792144 365309 157

2 195 6111 915 5664 111 177

Secondary Phase

485852

1 3372 6503 2275 8772 4063 8286 2343 4946 0429 536

8811 6912 572

6551 2291 884

687955

1 642201418619

1 5692 9434 512

13 02821 18534 213

Un-specified

5649

105

376725

1 101

700700

4932837779

1582379483

177654

2 0432 697

Total(Other)

541901

1 4422 6503 2275 8772 4063 8286 2343 8706 767

10 637881

2 3913 272

6551 2291 884

7361 2832 019

280576856

1 6633 0264 689

13 68223 22836 910

Total(Gr 1-12)1 186 8961 111 7162 298 612

382 700376 944759 644784 717767 709

1 552 4261 357 7851 357 3212 715 106

455 525450 171905 69698 36598 880

197 245885 603867 543

1 753 146474 791467 069941 860464 484451 802916 286

6 090 8665 949 155

12 040 021

GrandTotal

1 200 0561 124 6282 324 684

392 604387 566780 170792 479776 944

1 569 4231 384 8201 387 4052 772 225

467 231463 393930 624101 575102 663204 238921 089901 928

1 823 017476 964469 196946 160487 196476 162963 358

6 224 0146 089 885

12 313 899

Of every 100 learners in ordinary schools, slightly fewer than two were in pre-primary grades (including Grade R/0) attached to ordinary schools, slightly more than 64 werein primary grades (Grades 1 to 7), slightly more than 33 were in secondary grades (Grades 8 to 12), and less than one learner was reported in other grades, which includeELSEN and unspecified learners. Also, there were roughly twice as many learners in primary grades as in secondary grades in ordinary schools in South Africa.

Figure 4: Percentage distribution of female learners in ordinary public and independent schools per phase and province, 1999

Pre-primary

Primary

Secondary



Source: Western Cape - 1999 Annual Survey. Other provinces - 1999 SNAP Survey (conducted on the 10th school day).Note 1: Excluding ELSEN at separate ELSEN schools/centres and learners at separate pre-primary schools/centres.Note 2: Empty cells could mean data not available, not applicable or quantity nil.

Total

National44%

46%

48%

50%

52%

54%

56%

58%

51.2%

50.0%

55.7%

51.6%

49.5%

48.8%

52.9%

50.3%

49.8%

49.3%

52.7%

50.5%

49.8%

48.7%

52.7%

50.0%

50.0%

48.7%

53.3%

50.2%

50.0%

49.5%

50.7%

49.7%

51.2%

48.7%

53.5%

50.5%

55.0%

49.0%

53.0%

50.4%

49.7%

49.4%

53.3%

50.6%

50.4%

49.1%

53.4%

50.5%

In ordinary schools in South Africa, there were fewer females (49.1%) than males in the primary grades and more females (53.4%) than males in the secondary grades. Overall,there were slightly more females (50.5%) in the school system. This mirrors the predominance of females in the population (51.9%), especially in the more rural and moredensely populated provinces.

Figure 5: Total number of learners in ordinary public and independent schools per grade compared with the appropriate age group in the population, 1999

Learners

Population

GR 1 GR 2 GR 3 GR 4 GR 5 GR 6 GR 7 GR 8 GR 9 GR 10 GR 11 GR 12

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 600 000

In ordinary schools in South Africa, enrolment dropped sharply across the primary and secondary grades from 1 318 932 learners in Grade 1 to 571 848 learners in Grade 12.This drop in enrolment from Grade 1 to Grade 12 is primarily due to the high drop out of learners across the school system. Estimations of drop-out rates show high rates in theearlier grades, especially in Grade 1. These high rates cause concern and affect the efficiency of the education system negatively.

Repetition rates in Grade 1 and Grade 8 cause particular concern, because they lead to larger than expected enrolment in these grades - even higher than the projected populationfor the age group of learners for the specified grade. The high failure rates in Grade 8 of incoming primary school learners is a cause for concern. Inappropriately-aged learnersin Grade 1 also cause a larger than expected enrolment. High enrolment of over-aged and under-aged learners aggravates the effects of high drop-out, failure and repetitionrates in the education system.

Figure 6: Percentage distribution of learners per grade and ELSEN in ordinary public and independent schools, 1999

Of every 100 learners in ordinaryschools, just under 11 were enrolledin Grade 1 and just under five wereenrolled in Grade 12. In addition,0.3% of learners at ordinary schoolsin South Africa in 1999 were learnerswith special education needs.

5.8.

Table 3: (continued)

1 31

8 93

21

077

047 1 22

3 52

91

083

934

1 19

4 42

51

085

187

1 16

7 68

31

080

674

1 08

7 82

91

069

314

998

705

1 04

9 62

1

937

741

1 02

1 25

8

1 04

3 06

798

7 27

9

917

239

946

401

840

803

907

003

738

220 88

0 95

4

571

848

874

247

Source: Population estimates for 1999, Statistics South Africa.

Province Gender GR 8 GR 9 GR 10 GR 11 GR 12 ELSEN

GR 77.6%

GR 88.5%

GR 68.1%

GR 58.8%

GR 49.5%

GR 39.7%

GR 29.9%

GR 110.7%

Pre-primary

1.9%ELSEN0.3%

GR 124.6%GR 11

6.0%GR 106.8%

GR 97.5%

Refer to figure 4, page 5:


NORTHERN CAPE

WESTERN CAPE

EASTERN CAPE

FREE STATE KWAZULU-NATAL

NORTH WEST

NORTHERN PROVINCE

MPUMALANGA

GAUTENG

EDUCATION IN SOUTH AFRICAA GLOBAL PICTURE - 1999

Sources: 1. Ordinary public and independent schools: Western Cape - 1999 Annual Survey. Otherprovinces - 1999 SNAP Survey (conducted on the 10th school day); 2. Technical colleges: preliminaryfindings of the National Business Initiative Quantitative Survey 1999; 3. ABET: 1999 ABET Audit; 4.ELSEN, colleges of education, technical colleges and pre-primary/ECD centres: provinces used differentsources. 5. HE: SAPSE database from the Department of Education.

1) Including ELSEN at ordinary public schools.

2) Including ELSEN at ordinary independent schools.

3) Including learners in pre-primary classes at primary schools.

4) Total (public and independent) in this table does not, for most provinces, tally with previous tables due to unstandardised differences among different school types across provinces.

6.

Northern Province

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)

OtherEducational

Institutions/Centres

Grand Total

Primary 3)

SecondaryCombined,intermediate & middle

Primary 3)


ABETELSENColleges of EducationTechnical CollegesPre-primary/ECDHE

Total (Public)

Total (Independent)Total (Public andIndependent) 4)

Total (Other)

Learners

968 571692 249102 669

3 3712 1995 298

29 0513 0788 940

17 10045 58215 031

1 763 489

10 868

1 774 357

118 7821 893 139

Educators

27 69922 274

3 288

114121216

1 912283612506

1 413813

53 261

451

53 712

5 53959 251

Institutions

2 3451 464

226

121212

520141014

7182

4 035

36

4 071

1 2785 349

North West

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)

Other EducationalInstitutions/Centres

Grand Total

Primary 3)


Primary 3)



Total (Public)


Total (Other)

Learners

534 857236 428

13 683149 139

3 0033 4162 6511 580

49 4244 1894 8017 000

022 865

934 107

10 650

944 757

88 2791 033 036

Educators

17 0548 191

4915 196

100109171

64

2 912389428463

0753

30 932

444

31 376

4 94536 321

Institutions

1 517354

34388

106

115

37343

711

03

2 293

32

2 325

4372 762

Gauteng

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)

OtherEducational


Grand Total

Primary 3)


Primary 3)



Total (Public)


Total (Other)

Learners

869 340482 939105 171

24 70918 08369 181

59 29628 03630 51474 80010 589

318 167

1 457 450

111 973

1 569 423

521 4022 090 825

Educators

26 63316 905

3 140

1 5121 2314 318

2 9842 135

5801 996

7606 242

46 678

7 061

53 739

14 69768 436

Institutions

1 301451148

8663

165

2149510338911

1 900

314

2 214

4522 666

Mpumalanga

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)


Grand Total

Primary 3)


Primary 3)


ABETELSENColleges Of EducationTechnical CollegesPre-primary/ECDHE

Total (Public)


Total (Other)

Learners

580 608397 287

66 823

1 1531 0817 015

25 3181 6333 110

23 10010 338

0

1 044 718

9 249

1 053 967

63 4991 117 466

Educators

14 0408 2103 032

6935

470

1 294192238305489

0

25 282

574

25 856

2 51828 374

Institutions

1 332347198

86

36

25016

410

1500

1 877

50

1 927

4302 357

Free State

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)


Grand Total

Primary 3)


Primary 3)



Total (Public)


Total (Other)

Learners

454 103267 979

39 771

4 6692 3593 963

25 8076 4253 653

27 00013 91116 040

761 853

10 991

772 844

92 836865 680

Educators

15 3188 3401 631

169144338

1 699416376578

717

25 289

651

25 940

3 78629 726

Institutions

2 428296

92

236

27

14919

711

2

2 816

56

2 872

1883 060

KwaZulu-Natal

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)


Grand Total

Primary 3)


Primary 3)



Total (Public)


Total (Other)

Learners

1 744 821843 991168 328

10 5468 870

19 670

20 7406 822

21 60525 50017 57652 058

2 757 140

39 086

2 796 226

144 3012 940 527

Educators

43 67223 614

4 289

1 5901 330

224

1 44542

1 006783436

2 193

71 575

3 144

74 719

5 90580 624

Institutions

3 8881 424

266

463062

175341824

1546

5 578

138

5 716

4116 127

Western Cape

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)

OtherEducational


Grand Total

Primary 3)


Primary 3)



Total (Public)


Total (Other)

Learners

532 708280 493

96 795

9 4702 575

10 858

23 67612 430

3 02439 80030 45960 277

909 996

22 903

932 899

169 6661 102 565

Educators

15 3949 5042 835

481166872

1 1971 425

2031 1801 3612 327

27 733

1519

29252

7 69336 945

Institutions

1 080289156

562151

15281

418

5445

1 525

128

1 653

8042 457

7.

Northern Cape

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)

OtherEducational


Grand Total

Primary 3)


Primary 3)



Total (Public)


Total (Other)

Learners

94 54045 22455 872

3541 095

721

5 7631 417

71317 700

4 0610

195 636

2 170

197 806

29 654227 460

Educators

3 1031 6061 968

283632

333122

47212

0

6 677

96

6 773

7147 487

Institutions

30262

111

53

10

66816

0

475

18

493

81574

Eastern Cape

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)


Grand Total

Primary 3)


Primary 3)



Total (Public)


Total (Other)

Learners

709 83344 542

1 159 268

4 2641 0281 063

55 4917 1479 625

39 90010 22546 647

2 313 643

6 355

2 319 998

169 0352 489 033

Educators

20 07214 73228 927

1976686

2 313723472

1 0151 0661 435

63 731

349

64 080

7 02471 104

Institutions

2 779835

2 531

3645

327432026

2137

6 145

45

6 190

6366 826

Note 1: Empty cells could mean data not available, not applicable or quantity nil.

Note 2: Schools were classified as follows for purposes of comparison. (These classifications arenot binding and only serve to highlight provincial variations.):

• Primary schools are schools with a highest grade of between 1 and 7. They may offer pre-primary grades.

• Secondary schools are schools where the lowest grade is between 8 and 12.

• Combined schools are schools that offer any number of primary grades and secondary grades up to Grade 10, 11 or 12.

• Intermediate and middle schools in North West are schools that offer Grades 7 to 9.

OrdinaryPublic

Schools 1)

OrdinaryIndependent

Schools 2)

OtherEducational


Grand Total

Primary 3)


Primary 3)



Total (Public)


Total (Other)

NationalLearners

6 489 3813 691 1321 808 380

149 139

61 53940 706

120 4201 580

294 56671 17785 985

271 900142 741531 085

12 138 032

224 245

12 362 277

1 397 45413 759 731

Educators

182 985113 376

49 6015 196

4 2603 2386 727

64

16 0895 7273 9627 0385 525

14 480

351 158

14 289

365 447

52 821418 268

Institutions

16 9725 5223 762

388

282151379

5

2 226353

81153

1 86836

26 644

817

27 461

4 71732 178

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

National

Other


90 55876 599

167 15735 37033 39868 76869 34866 594

135 942123 120119 596242 71643 97540 93684 9118 5348 647

17 18185 85481 978

167 83239 83438 10177 93541 07339 55280 625

537 666505 401

1 043 067

81 02167 620

148 64134 39431 69066 08465 24760 769

126 016106 99498 804

205 79838 14733 62171 7687 9137 800

15 71375 12966 672

141 80136 52433 71870 24236 98634 19071 176

482 355434 884917 239

77 04459 948

136 99234 53930 20064 73963 34756 153

119 50096 41785 293

181 71035 19830 10465 3026 7936 696

13 48964 23954 805

119 04439 80235 34975 15134 73230 14464 876

452 111388 692840 803

63 30147 386

110 68728 95124 52653 47756 97848 796

105 77488 99575 473

164 46831 51927 09158 6105 2664 901

10 16766 42454 299

120 72334 64828 99563 64327 98922 68250 671

404 071334 149738 220

52 05837 52689 58419 93916 68436 62345 56637 01282 57865 71653 329

119 04522 91119 00541 9164 0483 6187 666

59 07646 962

106 03826 08220 50746 58924 01217 79741 809

319 408252 440571 848

Total (Secondary)

363 982289 079653 061153 193136 498289 691300 486269 324569 810481 242432 495913 737171 750150 757322 50732 55431 66264 216

350 722304 716655 438176 890156 670333 560164 792144 365309 157

2 195 6111 915 5664 111 177

Secondary Phase

485852

1 3372 6503 2275 8772 4063 8286 2343 4946 0429 536

8811 6912 572

6551 2291 884

687955

1 642201418619

1 5692 9434 512

13 02821 18534 213

Un-specified

5649

105

376725

1 101

700700

4932837779

1582379483

177654

2 0432 697

Total(Other)

541901

1 4422 6503 2275 8772 4063 8286 2343 8706 767

10 637881

2 3913 272

6551 2291 884

7361 2832 019

280576856

1 6633 0264 689

13 68223 22836 910

Total(Gr 1-12)1 186 8961 111 7162 298 612

382 700376 944759 644784 717767 709

1 552 4261 357 7851 357 3212 715 106

455 525450 171905 69698 36598 880

197 245885 603867 543

1 753 146474 791467 069941 860464 484451 802916 286

6 090 8665 949 155

12 040 021

GrandTotal

1 200 0561 124 6282 324 684

392 604387 566780 170792 479776 944

1 569 4231 384 8201 387 4052 772 225

467 231463 393930 624101 575102 663204 238921 089901 928

1 823 017476 964469 196946 160487 196476 162963 358

6 224 0146 089 885

12 313 899

Of every 100 learners in ordinary schools, slightly fewer than two were in pre-primary grades (including Grade R/0) attached to ordinary schools, slightly more than 64 werein primary grades (Grades 1 to 7), slightly more than 33 were in secondary grades (Grades 8 to 12), and less than one learner was reported in other grades, which includeELSEN and unspecified learners. Also, there were roughly twice as many learners in primary grades as in secondary grades in ordinary schools in South Africa.

Figure 4: Percentage distribution of female learners in ordinary public and independent schools per phase and province, 1999

Pre-primary

Primary

Secondary



Source: Western Cape - 1999 Annual Survey. Other provinces - 1999 SNAP Survey (conducted on the 10th school day).Note 1: Excluding ELSEN at separate ELSEN schools/centres and learners at separate pre-primary schools/centres.Note 2: Empty cells could mean data not available, not applicable or quantity nil.

Total

National44%

46%

48%

50%

52%

54%

56%

58%

51.2%

50.0%

55.7%

51.6%

49.5%

48.8%

52.9%

50.3%

49.8%

49.3%

52.7%

50.5%

49.8%

48.7%

52.7%

50.0%

50.0%

48.7%

53.3%

50.2%

50.0%

49.5%

50.7%

49.7%

51.2%

48.7%

53.5%

50.5%

55.0%

49.0%

53.0%

50.4%

49.7%

49.4%

53.3%

50.6%

50.4%

49.1%

53.4%

50.5%

In ordinary schools in South Africa, there were fewer females (49.1%) than males in the primary grades and more females (53.4%) than males in the secondary grades. Overall,there were slightly more females (50.5%) in the school system. This mirrors the predominance of females in the population (51.9%), especially in the more rural and moredensely populated provinces.

Figure 5: Total number of learners in ordinary public and independent schools per grade compared with the appropriate age group in the population, 1999

Learners

Population

GR 1 GR 2 GR 3 GR 4 GR 5 GR 6 GR 7 GR 8 GR 9 GR 10 GR 11 GR 12

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 600 000

In ordinary schools in South Africa, enrolment dropped sharply across the primary and secondary grades from 1 318 932 learners in Grade 1 to 571 848 learners in Grade 12.This drop in enrolment from Grade 1 to Grade 12 is primarily due to the high drop out of learners across the school system. Estimations of drop-out rates show high rates in theearlier grades, especially in Grade 1. These high rates cause concern and affect the efficiency of the education system negatively.

Repetition rates in Grade 1 and Grade 8 cause particular concern, because they lead to larger than expected enrolment in these grades - even higher than the projected populationfor the age group of learners for the specified grade. The high failure rates in Grade 8 of incoming primary school learners is a cause for concern. Inappropriately-aged learnersin Grade 1 also cause a larger than expected enrolment. High enrolment of over-aged and under-aged learners aggravates the effects of high drop-out, failure and repetitionrates in the education system.

Figure 6: Percentage distribution of learners per grade and ELSEN in ordinary public and independent schools, 1999

Of every 100 learners in ordinaryschools, just under 11 were enrolledin Grade 1 and just under five wereenrolled in Grade 12. In addition,0.3% of learners at ordinary schoolsin South Africa in 1999 were learnerswith special education needs.

5.8.

Table 3: (continued)

1 31

8 93

21

077

047 1 22

3 52

91

083

934

1 19

4 42

51

085

187

1 16

7 68

31

080

674

1 08

7 82

91

069

314

998

705

1 04

9 62

1

937

741

1 02

1 25

8

1 04

3 06

798

7 27

9

917

239

946

401

840

803

907

003

738

220 88

0 95

4

571

848

874

247

Source: Population estimates for 1999, Statistics South Africa.

Province Gender GR 8 GR 9 GR 10 GR 11 GR 12 ELSEN

GR 77.6%

GR 88.5%

GR 68.1%

GR 58.8%

GR 49.5%

GR 39.7%

GR 29.9%

GR 110.7%

Pre-primary

1.9%ELSEN0.3%

GR 124.6%GR 11

6.0%GR 106.8%

GR 97.5%

Refer to figure 4, page 5:


Figure 3: Learner-to-educator ratios in ordinary public and independent schools per province, 1999

In 1999, the average learner-to-educator ratio at ordinary schools in South Africa was 33.7. The learner-to-educator ratio of four provinces (Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal,Mpumalanga and the Northern Province) was higher than the national average, while five provinces (Free State, Gauteng, Northern Cape, North West and Western Cape) hadratios lower than the national average.

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Mpumalanga Northern Cape NorthernProvince North West Western Cape National

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

36.3

30.1 29.2

37.136.0

30.2

33.9

30.2

32.9 33.7

Table 3: Number of learners in ordinary public and independent schools per grade, gender and province, 1999

Table 4: Divisions of the allocation (in thousands of rand) to the establishment of education for 1999/2000Source: Annual Report 1999, Department of Education.

1) Includes R211 million for the conditional grants to provinces (former Policy Reserve Fund), R35.475million for youth colleges and R168.954 million for the functioning of the nationalDepartment of Education.

2) Please note that this is real expenditure for 1998/1999 as indicated in Table 5.

Education accounts for the largest single item of state expenditure in the countryat about 21% of the state budget, equivalent to 6% of the GDP. On average,provinces spend about 40% of their budgets on education, mostly on ordinaryschools.

Table 5: Expenditure (in thousands of rand) per province and sector/programme for the 1998/1999 1) financial year (excluding out-of-school arts and culture)

Source: Budget Review, Department of Finance.Note: Empty cells could mean data not available, not applicable or quantity nil.1) Data for 1999/2000 not available.2) Disaggregation of data not available.

4. 9.

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

National

Primary Phase


2 0771 8503 927

5 3565 407

10 7635 0415 107

10 1482 7002 6545 354

482472954

15 08214 06829 150

10 15410 22620 38040 89239 78480 676

10 54210 16120 7037 2547 395

14 649

18 12418 21036 3348 1258 177

16 3022 0732 0824 155

19 66819 03438 7021 8931 5513 444

10 89511 10822 00378 57477 718

156 292

12 61912 01124 6307 2547 395

14 6495 3565 407

10 76323 16523 31746 48210 82510 83121 6562 5552 5545 109

34 75033 10267 8521 8931 5513 444

21 04921 33442 383

119 466117 502236 968

174 707181 911356 61828 27731 79260 06974 01678 570

152 586148 727163 314312 04141 74145 13286 8738 7788 762

17 54077 18482 327

159 51140 12543 20583 33044 25246 11290 364

637 807681 125

1 318 932

129 297136 496265 79334 25237 39971 65173 60978 100

151 709130 391142 751273 14240 44844 91185 3599 639

10 43920 07881 36588 769

170 13442 97447 44990 42346 18649 05495 240

588 161635 368

1 223 529

119 567123 803243 37035 08537 24172 32673 05375 681

148 734129 415139 220268 63542 89446 43189 32510 12610 47220 59879 48286 358

165 84045 55249 33094 88244 65946 05690 715

579 833614 592

1 194 425

112 102113 559225 66135 98637 63873 62470 84673 964

144 810127 134135 418262 55242 71946 40389 12210 50810 92821 43677 74484 380

162 12447 35951 10598 46444 13845 75289 890

568 536599 147

1 167 683

103 68899 463

203 15134 70235 61570 31767 35269 171

136 523118 843123 332242 17540 58742 11982 7069 6479 834

19 48177 37280 492

157 86445 67445 11290 78642 19442 63284 826

540 059547 770

1 087 829

95 38488 766

184 15032 13132 04064 17163 90263 479

127 381112 878113 284226 16238 65538 45777 1128 8318 757

17 58873 27273 087

146 35938 44837 38775 83539 91240 03579 947

503 413495 292998 705

88 16978 639

166 80829 07428 72157 79561 45359 420

120 873109 155107 507216 66236 73135 96172 6928 2828 026

16 30868 46267 414

135 87637 76936 81174 58038 35137 79676 147

477 446460 295937 741

822 914822 637

1 645 551229 507240 446469 953484 231498 385982 616876 543924 826

1 801 369283 775299 414583 18965 81167 218

133 029534 881562 827

1 097 708297 901310 399608 300299 692307 437607 129

3 895 2554 033 5897 928 844

Pre-primary Phase

Allocation (R’000)

415 429

4 419 198

1 741 027

60 000

390 000

38 631 771

45 657 425

Division

National Department of Education 1)

Universities

Technikons

Redress funds for HE

National Student Financial Aid Scheme

Provincial education departments 2)

Total

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

Total

Province


Education inSpecialised Schools

Amount %

1.52%

2.66%

4.50%

2.19%

1.74%

0.37%

1.18%

1.79%

7.09%

2.70%

Teacher/EducatorTraining

Amount %

0.94%

2.53%

2.00%

2.66%

1.53%

0.88%

3.76%

1.83%

1.54%

2.12%

Technical CollegeEducation

Amount %

1.36%

1.69%

3.38%

1.59%

1.33%

1.64%

0.93%

1.56%

2.43%

1.81%

Non-formal Education

24 010

19 407

42 795

14 708

27 330

2 191

4 634

51 402

13 951

200 429

Amount %

0.36%

0.74%

0.71%

0.21%

1.03%

0.24%

0.08%

1.59%

0.36%

0.52%

ABET

Amount %

0.03%

0.06%

0.01%

ECD

3 651

3 651

Amount %

0.14%

0.01%

Youth Colleges

ProfessionalServices

Amount %

0.33%

3.08%

1.66%

3.00%

0.92%

0.44%

0.82%

0.30%

2.55%

1.55%

Total

Budget

17.05%

6.83%

15.65%

18.35%

6.87%

2.36%

14.54%

8.36%

10.01%

100.00%

Total

% of Total

Provincial

Education

Budget

100 063

70 135

271 943

155 066

46 101

3 397

66 014

57 878

274 061

1 044 658

61 981

66 817

121 066

188 762

40 487

8 010

211 425

59 134

59 573

817 255

89 292

44 656

204 090

112 403

35 437

14 960

52 410

50 250

93 829

697 327

260

2 306

2 566

21 757

81 167

100 184

212 742

24 550

4 043

45 925

9 682

98 464

598 514

6 584 958

2 638 656

6 045 192

7 088 259

2 654 752

910 101

5 615 892

3 227 765

3 866 195

38 631 771

Gender Pre-primary GR R/O Total(Pre-primary)

GR 1 GR 2 GR 3 GR 4 GR 5 GR 6 GR 7 Total(Primary)

Province

530 790

115 481

77 469

344 911

122 920

31 915

344 700

263 592

173 532

2 005 311

Province

3 511 371

1 293 104

3 035 303

3 687 790

1 507 307

514 027

2 775 475

1 773 809

1 832 077

19 930 263

2 238 321

936 101

2 063 081

2 343 059

838 096

328 438

2 104 426

956 046

1 279 460

13 087 027


Management Services

Amount %

8.06%

4.38%

1.28%

4.87%

4.63%

3.51%

6.14%

8.17%

4.49%

5.19%

Primary

Amount %

53.32%

49.01%

50.21%

52.03%

56.78%

56.48%

49.42%

54.95%

47.39%

51.59%

Secondary

Amount %

33.99%

35.48%

34.13%

33.06%

31.57%

36.09%

37.47%

29.62%

33.09%

33.88%

Ordinary Public School Education

5 749 692

2 229 205

5 098 384

6 030 848

2 345 403

842 465

4 879 901

2 729 855

3 111 537

33 017 290

Total

Amount %

87.32%

84.48%

84.34%

85.08%

88.35%

92.57%

86.89%

84.57%

80.48%

85.47%

5 370

34 937

19 439

32 281

92 027

6 417

94 324

9 380

6 661

116 782

Primary

Amount %

0.20%

0.58%

0.27%

0.83%

0.24%

Secondary

Amount %

0.24%

1.56%

0.13%

0.17%

0.30%

7 373 (2)

11 787

129 261

28 819

8 873 (2)

2 861 (2)

10 883 (2)

5 972 (2)

38 942

244 771

Total

Amount %

0.11%

0.45%

2.14%

0.41%

0.33%

0.31%

0.19%

0.19%

1.01%

0.63%

Ordinary Independent School Education

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

Total


Figure 1: Percentage distribution of learners, educators and schools in the ordinary public and independent education sector per province , 1999

Largely urban provinces tend to have fewer schools as a percentage of the national total and a larger enrolment per school. Largely rural provinces tend to have proportionallymore schools with fewer pupils per school. In Figure 1, we see that the highly urban province of Gauteng has 8% of the national total of ordinary schools serving 13% ofSouth Africa's learners, while the more rural Eastern Cape has 23% of the national total of ordinary schools serving 19% of the country's learners.

In 1999, there were proportionally more ordinary independent schools in Gauteng (14%), the Western Cape (8%) and the Northern Cape (4%), compared with about 1% eachin the Eastern Cape, the Northern Province and North West.

Figure 2: Percentage distribution of ordinary public and independent schools per type and province, 1999

Learners

Educators

Schools

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Mpumalanga Northern Cape NorthernProvince North West Western Cape

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

Public

Independent



99.3%

0.7%

98.1%

1.9%

85.8%

14.2%

2.4%

97.6% 97.4%

2.6%

96.3%

3.7% 0.9%

99.1% 98.6%

1.4%

92.3%

7.7%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Table 6: Number of learners, educators and institutions in ordinary public and independent schools per province and district, 1999

Source for ordinary public and independent schools: Western Cape - 1999 Annual Survey. Other provinces - 1999 SNAP Survey (conducted on the 10th school day).Note 1: Excluding learners at stand-alone pre-primary schools/centres, ELSEN/special schools, ABET schools/centres, colleges of education and technical colleges.Note 2: Figures in this table do not tally with previous tables for all provinces due to data extraction from different tables submitted.Note 3: Empty cells could mean data not available, not applicable or quantity nil.1) Excluding learners in pre-primary and/or Grade R/0 and/or ELSEN for provinces as shown.2) Including learners in pre-primary and/or Grade R/0 for two provinces as shown.3) Including ELSEN for two provinces as shown.�

3.10.

18.9

%

17.5

%22

.5%

6.3% 7.

1%10

.5%

12.7

%14

.7%

8.1%

22.5

%

20.4

%20

.8%

7.6%

7.1%

7.0%

1.7% 1.9%

1.8%

14.8

%14

.7%

14.8

%

7.7% 8.

6%8.

5%

7.8% 8.0%

6.0%

Data reported by provinces unless otherwise stated. Directorate: Information Systems Tel: +27 (0) 12 312 5247/39 Fax: +27 (0) 12 328 3089Data reported by provinces unless otherwise stated. Directorate: Information Systems Tel: +27 (0) 12 312 5247/39 Fax: +27 (0) 12 328 3089

Central

Eastern

Northern

North Eastern

South Eastern

Western

Pre-primary Secondary 3)

18 52831 99223 70223 7469 425

19 80216 50715 93112 93311 5316 663

11 78812 16729 4617 2975 935

25 73726 06913 02414 84120 9659 790

21 05017 9069 280

15 00712 91314 49518 15712 04311 0419 727

10 3448 1099 1099 451

14 6695 525

35 70435 10621 486

658 956

28 812

22 729

19 792

29 415

21 588

25 479

25 782

24 497

23 299

Primary 2)

36 71257 94341 66831 47613 08933 28263 55359 69842 67747 14225 04236 84039 06569 26619 84516 95079 62253 31521 10031 69868 26842 07074 72245 81126 81242 94338 23948 79753 03323 48230 22734 37527 12821 06535 98520 94624 71416 14754 64059 711

42 783

1 651 881

41 404

44 122

43 595

42 073

32 899

39 305

41 889

40 162

28 356

1 9452 6051 6431 652

9171 6971 6031 8141 2211 332

7411 3191 4202 597

781858

3 0642 2121 1731 2221 8071 0991 8971 692

9551 5851 2481 0551 6361 2051 1411 2551 3951 0521 2951 1601 390

7873 0213 1421 957

63 590

2 122

1 918

2 134

2 330

1 652

2 200

2 297

2 024

1 892

Total 1)

55 24089 93565 37055 22222 51453 08480 06075 62955 61058 67331 70548 62851 23298 72727 14222 885

105 35979 38434 12446 53989 23351 86095 77263 71736 09257 95051 15263 29271 19035 52541 26844 10237 47229 17445 09430 39739 38321 67290 34494 81764 269

2 310 837

70 216

66 851

63 387

71 488

54 487

64 784

67 671

64 659

51 655

Learner Enrolment

District

AliceEast LondonKing William’s TownMdantsanePeddieZwelitshaElliotdaleEngcoboLibodeNgqeleniPort St JohnsQumbuTsoloUmtataAliwal NorthCradockLady FrereQueenstown EastQueenstown WestSterkspruitBizanaFlagstaffLusikisikiMalutiMount AyliffMount FrereMt FletcherTabankuluUmzimkuluButterworthIdutywaKentaniNqamakweTsomoWillowvaleGraaff-reinetGrahamstownHumansdorpPort Elizabeth EastPort Elizabeth WestUitenhageTotal

Bethlehem

Bloemfontein East

Bloemfontein South

Bloemfontein West

Harrismith

Kroonstad

Ladybrand

Odendaalsrus

Puthaditjhaba

Educators Institutions

27018018412010616520420413314486

14016020110994

30925110411617612319616510116915514217510912112813611713411816283

125129108

6 152

271

115

227

261

207

332

321

295

74

1. Eastern Cape (Public schools only; Primary - includes Gr R/0; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr R/0 - 12)


Institutions

Number ofEducatorsRegion

2. Free State (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - includes ELSEN; Total - Gr 1-12 & ELSEN)


Pre-primary

1 9491 1992 2656 7262 4664 3581 8291 539

655

Secondary 3)

19 762

24 561

29 852

295 568

40 664

29 843

46 284

26 167

26 123

32 120

22 710

26 401

30 977

31 871

34 733

29 435

17 423

42 737

42 076

28 437

37 658

24 151

569 810

142 754

128 918

136 331

147 683111 39583 777

110 89962 617

924 374

28 700

29 525

34 239

33 615

36 532

31 545

23 344

33 143

33 893

35 846

320 382

10 135

29 721

7 299

17 061

64 216

19 582

11 111

16 284

27 184

16 601

23 260

16 676

24 226

22 442

Number ofEducators

1 576

2 008

2 295

24 448

3 512

2 658

4 687

2 207

3 774

3 177

2 550

2 254

2 829

2 893

3 420

2 693

1 720

3 609

3 298

2 831

3 428

2 199

53 739

12 482

10 208

10 689

12 8879 9297 4699 5715 190

78 425

2 225

2 593

2 590

2 757

2 664

2 512

2 098

2 700

3 151

3 138

26 428

1 181

2 829

913

1 972

6 895

1 695

1 038

1 441

2 286

1 326

1 995

1 616

1 923

1 579


Number of Public and Independent

Institutions331

256

126

2 816

143

116

211

110

118

112

117

89

126

119

135

95

76

133

144

135

142

93

2 214

698

815

779

730825620921525

5 913

157

290

169

214

158

157

180

202

309

225

2 061

98

173

88

142

501

122

97

157

240

125

200

117

155

89

Region District

Reitz

Sasolburg

Welkom

Total

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

N1

N2

N3

N4

N5

N6

N7

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

Total

Durban South

Empangeni

Ladysmith

North DurbanPietermaritzburgPort ShepstoneUlundiVryheidTotal

Eerstehoek

Ermelo

Groblersdal

Hazyview

Kwamhlanga

Malelane

Moretele

Nelspruit

Standerton

Witbank

Total

De Aar

Kimberley

Springbok

Upington

Total

Acornhoek

Apel

Bakenberg

Bochum

Bohlabela

Bolebedu

Bushbuckridge

Dennilton

Giyani

Total 1)

52 796

63 377

74 150

765 521

111 557

82 608

105 351

69 313

77 274

87 047

63 127

68 588

74 990

97 568

96 103

90 070

56 984

115 981

112 200

82 719

109 539

68 404

1 569 423

403 326

405 450

394 848

394 872323 903273 405385 832190 589

2 772 225

78 126

94 274

92 526

97 668

93 721

100 997

64 455

95 287

102 533

103 775

923 362

34 776

87 399

25 271

55 838

203 284

58 532

31 745

43 413

80 114

49 463

70 528

53 653

62 153

53 978

Primary 2)

33 034

38 816

44 298

469 953

69 545

51 911

57 474

41 891

50 281

53 759

39 427

41 860

43 043

64 988

59 807

59 597

39 102

72 499

69 261

53 479

71 213

43 479

982 616

260 572

276 532

258 517

247 189

212 508

189 628

274 933

127 972

1 847 851

46 105

63 742

57 103

61 091

56 326

69 086

38 496

58 895

66 533

64 002

581 379

23 867

56 126

16 951

37 969

134 913

36 925

19 435

24 864

46 168

30 396

42 910

35 148

36 374

30 881

3. Gauteng (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12, Pre-primary & ELSEN)

5. Mpumalanga (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12 & Gr R/0)

6. Northern Cape (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12, Pre-primary & Gr R/O)

7. Northern Province (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12, ELSEN & unspecified)

4. KwaZulu-Natal (Primary - includes Pre-primary & Gr R; Secondary - includes ELSEN; Total - Gr 1-12, Pre-primary, Gr R/0 & ELSEN)

Table 2: Number of learners, educators, schools and learner-to-educator ratio, Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) and Gender Parity Index (GPI) in theordinary public and independent school sector per province, 1999 (summary data)

Source: Western Cape - 1999 Annual Survey. Other provinces - 1999 SNAP Survey (conducted on the 10th school day).

Note: Data is for ordinary public and independent schools only. Data on stand-alone pre-primary schools/centres, ELSEN/special schools, ABET schools/centres, colleges of education and technical colleges is excluded.

SCHOOLS

In 1999, there were 27 461 ordinary public and independent schools (hereafter togetherreferred to as ordinary schools) in South Africa. Ordinary schools are the so-calledmainstream schools and exclude stand-alone ELSEN/special schools and pre-primary/ECDschools or centres. Just over 97% (26 644) of these ordinary schools were public schoolsand less than 3% (817) were independent schools. The Eastern Cape had the largestnumber of ordinary schools (6 190), while the Northern Cape had the smallest numberof ordinary schools (493).

• Ordinary public schools

The Eastern Cape had the highest number of ordinary public schools (6 145), whilethe Northern Cape had the smallest number (475). The Eastern Cape (6 145),

KwaZulu-Natal (5 578) and the Northern Province (4 035) together contained almost 60% of all ordinary public schools in South Africa.

• Ordinary independent schools

Gauteng had the highest number of ordinary independent schools (314), while theNorthern Cape had the smallest number (18). Gauteng (314), KwaZulu-Natal (138)and the Western Cape (128) together contained over 70% of the total number of

ordinary independent schools in the country.

LEARNERS

In 1999, there were 12 313 8991) learners at ordinary schools in South Africa. Over56% of these learners were concentrated in three largely rural provinces (the NorthernProvince, the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal). Approximately one in every threepeople in South Africa is in the school system.

EDUCATORS

In 1999, there were 365 447 educators teaching 12 313 899 learners in ordinaryschools in South Africa. KwaZulu-Natal (74 719) had the highest number of educatorsin ordinary schools, while the Northern Cape (6 773) had the lowest.

INDICATORS

All three indicators are for ordinary schools including primary and secondary grades.

• Learner-to-educator ratio

On average, there were almost 34 learners per educator in South Africa. The learner-to-educator ratio varied from 37.1 in KwaZulu-Natal to 30.1 in the Free State. In general, the lower the learner-to-educator ratio, the more contact an educator mayhave with a learner during the learning and teaching process.

• Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER)

GER is defined as the number of learners enrolled in primary and secondary gradesregardless of age, as a proportion of the appropriate age group in the population(7-year-olds to 18-year-olds), and expressed as a percentage. GER is widely used

to show the level of participation in education. In 1999, there were large variationsin GER by province, ranging from 104% in the Eastern Cape to 81% in the NorthernCape. A GER value that exceeds 100% in four provinces (Eastern Cape, Free State,KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga) indicates a high prevalence of enrolment of under-aged and over-aged learners in the school system.

• Gender Parity Index (GPI)

GPI is defined as GER for females divided by GER for males. This indicator is used to indicate the level of access of females to education. In 1999, there were fewer females than males in the school system in only one province, namely KwaZulu-

Natal, as shown by a GPI of less than one (0.99). The Eastern Cape had more females(53.9%) in its population, and this is reflected in a high GPI of 1.06. The high GPI

in the Western Cape of 1.04 may signal an under-enrolment of males since the underlying percentage distribution of females in the population was only 51.1%.

2. 11.

Province

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Mpumalanga

Northern Cape

Northern Province

North West

Western Cape

National

Learners 1)

2 324 684

780 170

1 569 423

2 772 225

930 624

204 238

1 823 017

946 160

963 358

12 313 899

Public

6 145

2 816

1 900

5 578

1 877

475

4 035

2 293

1 525

26 644

Total

6 190

2 872

2 214

5 716

1 927

493

4 071

2 325

1 653

27 461

Independent

45

56

314

138

50

18

36

32

128

817

Learner-to-educator Ratio

36.3

30.1

29.2

37.1

36.0

30.2

33.9

30.2

32.9

33.7

GER as a %

104%

101%

100%

103%

103%

81%

96%

95%

94%

100%

GPI

1.06

1.01

1.01

0.99

1.00

1.01

1.02

1.01

1.04

1.02

Educators

64 080

25 940

53 739

74 719

25 856

6 773

53 712

31 376

29 252

365 447

Schools Indicators




Pre-primary

1 2693 491

9492 0741 8493 3703 1012 921

6351 8273 1051 1192 6434 825

5893 3961 816

2 197

1 2861 074

565765

67 852

7 3316 3063 6951 4835 8474 3642 4754 1616 721

42 383110 235

Secondary 3)

24 340

20 194

18 675

24 225

32 494

29 552

19 770

20 329

12 820

21 864

24 9419 277

16 06131 88217 14423 18318 755

36 589883

25 77125 1309 081

15 112655 438

15 664

29 361

38 806

21 765

24 981

26 085

17 463

20 606

40 516

35 863

34 494

27 851

333 455

46 412

35 263

33 245

42 390

34 614

32 347

20 455

32 521

31 910

309 1574 131 356

Number ofEducators

1 835

1 523

1 529

1 878

2 722

2 294

1 819

1 789

1 366

1 850

2 060

910

1 387

2 488

1 434

2 070

1 607

12

3 311

31

2 185

2 079

1 046

1 284

55 408

1 627

2 728

3 148

2 218

2 386

2 471

1 734

1 850

4 264

2 841

3 355

2 754

31 376

4 217

3 474

3 424

3 588

3 339

3 269

2 271

3 544

3 487

30 613370 922



Institutions119

172

159

153

177

209

127

165

145

127

241

119

98

241

111

172

130

1

257

1

166

154

165

92

4 803

124

163

219

226

124

153

190

174

268

174

298

212

2 325

296

209

310

139

198

221

221

384

219

2 19728 982

Region District

Hlanganani

Konekwena

Magakala

Mahwelereng

Malamulele

Mankweng

Mkhuhlu

Mogodumo

Mutale

Naphuno

NeboPalalaPhalaborwaPolokwaneRitaviSekgoseseSekhukhuneSibasa

Soutpansberg

Thabina

Thohoyandou

Vuwani

Warmbaths

Zebediela

Total

Atamelang

Brits

Klerksdorp

Lichtenburg

Mabopane

Mafikeng

Mothibistad

Potchefstroom

Rustenburg

Temba

Vryburg

Zeerust

Total

Athlone

Bellville

George

Kuils River

Mitchells Plain

Paarl

West Coast

Worcester

Wynberg

Total

Total 1)

61 670

51 213

49 858

63 815

91 457

77 060

61 049

57 264

38 905

59 742

64 90129 54349 24183 88445 94466 25251 790

250106 452

88372 86167 83928 34839 217

1 823 017

48 198

81 155

111 402

69 163

69 990

70 715

50 974

60 356

114 710

91 757

105 498

70 839

944 757

126 323

104 429

107 998

134 047

116 528

99 571

73 929

109 692

90 841

963 35812 275 784

Primary 2)

36 061

27 528

30 234

37 498

57 114

43 925

38 178

33 956

25 450

35 685

36 79719 14730 52346 31828 21139 67331 219

67 659

45 80441 63518 65223 340

1 097 708

32 534

51 312

72 176

47 290

44 612

44 289

33 511

39 537

72 898

55 894

70 994

42 848

607 895

71 677

62 107

70 677

89 797

75 799

62 375

50 529

72 590

51 578

607 1297 981 325GRAND TOTAL

(NATIONAL)

9. Western Cape (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12, Pre-primary, Gr R/0, ELSEN & unspecified)

8. North West (Primary - Gr 1-7; Secondary - Gr 8-12; Total - Gr 1-12 & Gr R/0)

Table 1: Demography of South Africa, 1996 1)

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF SOUTH AFRICA

HISTORY

The demographic, geographic and economic characteristics of South Africa's provincesvary due to natural, but mainly historical, factors. The geographical distribution ofdifferent population groups and the allocation of resources to these populations withinwhat are now nine provincial boundaries, have their roots in the history and politicsof the country.

BEFORE 1994

The system of government in South Africa was centralised, but fragmented along raciallines. In total, there were 17 systems of government and administration in threeseparate administrations catering for Whites, Indians and Coloureds under the tricameralsystem, the four provincial administrations (extensions of the white House of Assembly),the four "independent states" and the six "self-governing" territories. The latter twomade up ten "homeland" administrative structures. Since 1994, the process of mergingthese 17 administrations into one coherent national education system while simultaneouslyredressing the imbalances of the past has been a challenge concerning the delivery ofpublic services such as education and training in South Africa.

MILIEU

Provinces containing former homelands tend to have a larger proportion of theirpopulation in more rural settings and a higher than average population density.Provinces with a high non-urban population (more than 50%) include the Eastern Cape,KwaZulu-Natal and the Northern Province. These populations are further from education,training and employment opportunities present in urban areas, and the challenge tothe education system is to improve access to such opportunities for non-urban populations.

SIZE AND POPULATION DENSITY

Generally, the larger the province, the larger the population. However, an analysis ofpopulation density shows that some provinces do not follow this trend. Gauteng, forexample, is the smallest province, with a population density of over 400 people persquare kilometre (km2), which is more than ten times the national average of 33people per km2. Gauteng contributes one in every three rands of the Gross Domestic

Product (GDP) of South Africa and is the province which is the main locus of economicactivity in the country.

The next three most densely populated provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, the Northern Provinceand the Eastern Cape, have a combined area of just over 385 000 km2 (almost 32%of the total national land area) with just under 50% of the total national population.High transport and logistical costs are challenges to education and training provisionin provinces such as the Northern Cape, which is the province with the largest area,yet also the most sparsely populated province.

YOUNG PEOPLE

The most densely populated provinces also contain the largest proportion of youngpeople of school-going age. KwaZulu-Natal, the Eastern Cape, Gauteng and the NorthernProvince together contain just fewer than seven in every ten young people of school-going age in South Africa.

EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC PROFILE

Provinces containing former homelands also show the results of an historical lack ofinvestment in human capital. More than one in five people aged over 20 years livingin the more rural provinces have had no schooling and only about five in every 100people have a tertiary education qualification according to Statistics South Africa.Unemployment rates higher than the average of 33.9% prevail in the same provinces.There are lower unemployment rates and more qualified populations living in the moreurban provinces, which have higher levels of economic activity (for example, theWestern Cape and Gauteng).

DIVERSITY AND GENDER RATIOS

Africans form the majority of the population in all provinces, except the Western Capeand the Northern Cape where Coloureds form the majority. 51.9% of South Africa'spopulation is female and all provinces except Gauteng have a larger proportion offemales than males.

1.12.

Source: Census in brief, 1999, Statistics South Africa (1996 census data).1) Numbers and percentages may not necessarily add up due to rounding off.

Land area (km2)

Total population

Male population

Female population

% Share of total national population

Population density (people per km2)

Total population

% Male

% Female

Total population

% African/Black

% Coloured

% Indian/Asian

% White

% Unspecified

Total population

% Urban population

% Non-urban population

School-age population (7-year-olds to 18-year-olds)

% of total national school-age population

Number of “homelands” in former administration

School-age population density (7-year-olds to 18-year-olds per km2)

% of population aged 20+ years with no education

% of population aged 20+ years with tertiary education

Unemployment rates by province (%)

Eastern Cape

169 580

6 302 525

2 908 056

3 394 469

15.5

37.2

100.0

46.1

53.9

100.0

86.4

7.4

0.3

5.2

0.6

100.0

36.6

63.4

1 984 942

18.4

2

11.7

20.9

4.7

48.5

Free State

129 480

2 633 504

1 298 348

1 335 156

6.5

20.3

100.0

49.3

50.7

100.0

84.4

3.0

0.1

12.0

0.4

100.0

68.6

31.4

677 661

6.2

2

5.2

16.1

5.2

30.0

Gauteng

17 010

7 348 423

3 750 845

3 597 578

18.1

432.0

100.0

51.0

49.0

100.0

70.0

3.8

2.2

23.2

0.8

100.0

97.0

3.0

1 390 882

12.8

0

81.8

9.5

8.4

28.2

KwaZulu-

Natal

92 100

8 417 021

3 950 527

4 466 493

20.7

91.4

100.0

46.9

53.1

100.0

81.7

1.4

9.4

6.6

0.8

100.0

43.1

56.9

2 361 561

21.7

1

25.6

22.9

4.8

39.1

Mpuma-

langa

79 490

2 800 711

1 362 028

1 438 683

6.9

35.2

100.0

48.6

51.4

100.0

89.2

0.7

0.5

9.0

0.6

100.0

39.1

60.9

780 419

7.2

2

9.8

29.4

5.0

32.9

Northern

Cape

361 830

840 321

412 681

427 639

2.1

2.3

100.0

49.1

50.9

100.0

33.2

51.8

0.3

13.3

1.5

100.0

70.1

29.9

220 956

2.0

0

0.6

21.7

5.8

28.5

Northern

Province

123 910

4 929 368

2 253 072

2 676 296

12.1

39.8

100.0

45.7

54.3

100.0

96.7

0.2

0.1

2.4

0.7

100.0

11.0

89.0

1 636 426

15.2

3

13.2

36.9

4.5

46.0

North

West

116 320

3 354 825

1 649 835

1 704 990

8.3

28.8

100.0

49.2

50.8

100.0

91.2

1.4

0.3

6.6

0.5

100.0

34.9

65.1

888 253

8.2

2

7.6

22.7

4.2

37.9

Western

Cape

129 370

3 956 875

1 935 494

2 021 381

9.7

30.6

100.0

48.9

51.1

100.0

20.9

54.2

1.0

20.8

3.1

100.0

88.9

11.1

889 173

8.2

0

6.9

6.7

10.6

17.9

South

Africa

1 219 090

40 583 573

19 520 887

21 062 685

100.0

33.3

100.0

48.1

51.9

100.0

76.7

8.9

2.6

10.9

0.9

100.0

53.7

46.3

10 830 275

100.0

8.9

19.3

6.2

33.9


Documents

Provincial and local information on institutions (contact ... Statistics/DoE Stats at a Glance 1999.pdf · In 1999, 32 178 educational institutions were registered with the Department