Protestant ReformationUnit 3, SSWH 9 d

How did life change during the Renaissance and Reformation?

SSWH 9 dAnalyze the impact of the Protestant Reformation; include the ideas of Martin Luther and John Calvin.

Protestant Reformation =“Religious Reform”

• Renaissance: emphasized the secular & individuality (challenged Church authority)• Rulers challenge Church’s political power• Critics claimed leaders in the Church were

corrupt (living extravagantly, fathered children, married, drank, gambled, & poorly educated) p. 423- 441

• Friar Johann Tetzel sold indulgences (forgiveness for the punishment of their sins) to congregation• Selling indulgences: people could

buy their way into heaven• 95 Theses: Martin Luther posted

95 arguments against Johann Tetzel’s actions & the church

Luther’s Ideasp.424-427• People could win salvation only

by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness• All church teachings should be

clearly based on the words of the Bible• All people with faith are equal

Impact of the Reformation• Followers of Martin Luther called

Lutherans• The princes who protected Luther

/protested against Pope = “Protestants”• Churches that practiced non-Catholic

ways = Protestants• Peace of Augsburg: meeting to stop

fighting bet. Catholics & Protestant princes p.440

•Meeting allowed princes to choose the type of church for their state•Protestantism broke into

several diff. church branches•Govts. quarreled over what

church people should follow

John Calvin’s Ideas• Luther idea influenced Calvin,

humans cannot earn a place in heaven• (Calvin) Predestination: Believed

that God chooses who will be saved• Believed govt. should be controlled

by religious leaders (theocracy) p.427

•Created a self-governing city with strict rules (no bright colors, playing cards)•His teachings influenced the formation of other Protestant branches

Legacy of Reformation• Left Europe culturally divided & ended

Christian unity: Protestant & Catholic• Protestant churches flourished & new

denominations developed • Role of education was emphasized • Catholic Church power declined• Individual monarchs & state gained

power p. 440-441

Religious Trick or Treat

• Trick: Name 1 negative impact of the Protestant Reformation

• Treat: Name 1 positive impact of the Protestant Reformation

1 minute—Prepare to Share