PROPOSALS ON POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT GOALS · PROPOSALS ON POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT GOALS No. WHO MONTH & YEAR WHAT COUNTRY SECTOR GOALS, TARGETS & INDICATORS CROSS-SECTOR PROPOSALS 1

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PROPOSALS ON POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT GOALS

No. WHO MONTH & YEAR WHAT COUNTRY SECTOR GOALS, TARGETS & INDICATORS

CROSS-SECTOR PROPOSALS

1. The Centre for International Governance Innovation

2012 Proposes 11 potential goals, targets and indicators

Canada Multiple Bellagio Goals:

Inclusive Growth; Food and Water; Education And Skills; Health; Gender Equality; Environmental Sustainability; Security; Resilient Communities; Infrastructure; Civil And Political Rights; Global Governance.

Multiple targets and indicators; cross-sectoral

http://www.cigionline.org/sites/default/files/MDG_Post_2015v3.pdf

2. The Center for Global Development

June 2012 Identifies possible goals, targets and time frames, based on an MDG+ approach and the Millennium Declaration.

USA Multiple MDGs 2.0:

Peace, security and disarmament

Development and poverty eradication

Protecting our common environment

Human rights, democracy and good governance

Protecting the vulnerable

Meeting the special needs of Africa

Multiple targets and indicators; cross-sectoral

http://www.cgdev.org/files/1426271_file_Kenny_Karver_MDGs_FINAL.pdf

3. Govt. of Japan

2011 Proposal by the Japanese government being discussed by the ‘MDG Contact Group’.

Japan Multiple Pact For Global Wellbeing:

Proposes that post-2015 goals address:

Poverty reduction (Resource /Food security; CC /Environment; Resilience / Disaster Reduction..)

Inclusive, green, shared, knowledge-based growth

Includes guidelines on aid cooperation - mutual accountability, removal of procedural bottlenecks, qualitative and numerical monitoring.

http://cafodpolicy.wordpress.com/2011/12/08/discussions-abo/

4. Save the Children

2013 Proposes 10 potential goals with targets and indicators

UK Multiple Ending poverty in our generation: Save the Children’s vision for a post-2015 framework:

Goal 1: By 2030 we will eradicate extreme poverty and reduce relative poverty through inclusive growth and decent work

Goal 2: By 2030 we will eradicate hunger, halve stunting, and ensure universal access to sustainable food, water and sanitation

Goal 3: By 2030 we will end preventable child and maternal mortality and provide healthcare for all

Goal 4: By 2030 we will ensure all children receive a good-quality education and have good learning outcomes



http://cafodpolicy.wordpress.com/2011/12/08/discussions-abo/

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Goal 5: By 2030 we will ensure all children live a life free from all forms of violence, are protected in conflict and thrive in a safe family environment

Goal 6: By 2030 governance will be more open, accountable and inclusive

http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/17_sustainable_development.pdf

5. Overseas Development Institute

October 2012 Suggests possible goals, indicators and targets for the UK Parliamentary Inquiry on Post-2015.

UK Multiple Action on climate change and sustainability in post‐2015 development goals

The post‐2015 goals should have a carbon budget: The set of goals could have an overall ‘greenhouse gas emissions target’, where from an established baseline, progress towards the goals should be carbon neutral at worst (not contribute to

net greenhouse gas emissions). This will likely require trade‐offs when setting targets and choosing methods of implementation.

Universal goals should include climate and sustainability targets: Each goal could have resource efficiency and climate change‐related targets. Examples:

Goal: Modern energy access for all: • Universal access to modern energy services; • Doubling the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency; • Doubling the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix.

Goal: Water and sanitation for all: • Ensuring universal access to improved drinking water sources; • Ensuring universal access to improved sanitation; • X% reduction in per capita global freshwater use by x

Goal: Healthy nutrition for all: • Zero incidence of child stunting by x; • X% reduction in rate of biodiversity and forest loss by x; • X% reduction in nitrogen levels in the world’s oceans by x.

There should be specific goals promoting resilience to the impacts of climate change: Some climate change is already locked in and impacts will become more severe. Development will need to become increasingly resilient to these impacts. Suggestions for relevant goals are as follows:

Goal: To reduce risk and build resilience to [natural] disasters for all: • X% reduction in people affected by disasters by x; • All countries have national disaster resilience plan by x; • All countries using forward looking risk assessments to make development decisions by x.

Goal: Access to comprehensive social protection for all: • % of people with access to education and healthcare; • % of children with income security during childhood; • X% reduction in poverty impacts in the period following shocks and stresses.

http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmintdev/writev/post2015/post2015.pdf



USA Sustainable Development

MDGs 2.0: Protecting our common environment

- % increase in forest cover

- % rise in ratio of protected areas

- % of energy from non-fossil sources

- GHG emissions/capita

- Fuel production per capita (in tons CO2 equivalent)

- Tax on gasoline $ PPP/litre

- % reduction in CO2 emissions per capita/per unit of GDP

- Halt known species extinction

- Manage agricultural/fisheries resources sustainably


7. Govt. of Colombia

June 2012 Colombia has proposed a set

Colombia Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):

http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/17_sustainable_development.pdf



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of SDGs as an input into the Rio+20 conference, aiming to translate the Green Economy / Sustainable Development debate into tangible goals.

Food security: production, access and nutrition

Integrated water management for sustainable growth

Energy for sustainable development

Sustainable and resilient cities

Healthy and productive oceans

Enhanced capacity of natural systems to support human welfare

Improved efficiency and sustainability in resource use

Enhanced employment and livelihood security

The SDGs would be based on Agenda 21 given that it already maps our requirements for sustainable development.

http://www.uncsd2012.org/content/documents/colombiasdgs.pdf / http://www.eurongos.org/Files/HTML/EuroNGOs/SONGs%20II/Gallery%20walk%20posters-%20B2015.pdf


May 2012 Proposal on how to bring together the poverty and environment agendas for sustainable development.

UK Sustainable Development

‘Best 2050 world’:

New goals. Bringing together global objective setting on development and environment

New financial and market regulation. Global social and sustainability standards that shape global markets

New institutional architecture. Any new goals would be implemented mainly through national policies.

http://www.odi.org.uk/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/7656.pdf

9. The Earth Institute - Jeffrey Sachs

June 2012 Sachs’ proposal to organise the SDGs into three broad categories. Sachs notes that success in any of these three categories (or subcategories) will depend on the success of all three.

USA Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development Goals:

Proposal to organise the SDGs into three broad categories: economic development, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion.

SDG 1: by 2030, if not earlier, all the world's people will have access to safe and sustainable water and sanitation, adequate nutrition, primary health services, and basic infrastructure, including electricity, roads, and connectivity to the global information network.

SDG 2: from 2015 to 2030, all nations will adopt economic strategies that increasingly build on sustainable best-practice technologies, appropriate market incentives, and individual responsibility. The world will move together towards low-carbon energy systems, sustainable food systems, sustainable urban areas (including resilience in the face of growing hazards), and stabilisation of the world's population through the voluntary fertility choices of families supported by health services and education. Countries will adopt a pace of change during these 15 years, individually and with global cooperation, that will enable humanity to avoid the most dangerous planetary thresholds. The world community will help low-income countries to bear the additional costs that they might entail in adoption of sustainable systems for energy, agriculture, and other sectors.

SDG 3: every country will promote the wellbeing and capabilities of all their citizens, enabling all citizens to reach their potential, irrespective of class, gender, ethnic origin, religion, or race. Every country will monitor the wellbeing of its citizenry with improved measurements and reporting of life satisfaction. Special attention will be given to early childhood, youth, and elderly people, addressing the vulnerabilities and needs of each age cohort.

A fourth basic determinant of the world's ability to achieve SDGs 1—3 will be the quality of governance at all levels, from local to global, and in the private sector as well as government.

SDG 4: governments at all levels will cooperate to promote sustainable development worldwide. This target includes a commitment to the rule of law, human rights, transparency, participation, inclusion, and sound economic institutions that support the private, public, and civil-society sectors in a productive and balanced manner. Power is held in trust to the people, not as a privilege of the state.

http://www.uncsd2012.org/content/documents/colombiasdgs.pdf

http://www.eurongos.org/Files/HTML/EuroNGOs/SONGs%20II/Gallery%20walk%20posters-%20B2015.pdf


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http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2812%2960685-0/fulltext

10. Oxfam - Kate Raworth

February 2012 “A visual framework for sustainable development – shaped like a doughnut – combining the concept of planetary boundaries with the complementary concept of social boundaries.”

UK Sustainable Development

The Doughnut: A Safe And Just Space For Humanity

“The social foundation forms an inner boundary, below which are many dimensions of human deprivation. The environmental ceiling forms an outer boundary, beyond which are many dimensions of environmental degradation. Between the two boundaries lies an area – shaped like a doughnut – which represents an environmentally safe and socially just space for humanity to thrive in. It is also the space in which inclusive and sustainable economic development takes place.”

Environmental ceiling: Climate change; freshwater use; nitrogen and phosphorus cycles; ocean acidification; chemical pollution; atmospheric aerosol loading; ozone depletion; biodiversity loss; land use change.

Social Foundation: Food; water; income; education; resilience; voice; jobs; energy; social equity; gender equality; health

http://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/dp-a-safe-and-just-space-for-humanity-130212-en.pdf

11. UNCSD Major Group of Children and Youth (MGCY)

2012 The UNCSD Major Group of Children and Youth (MGCY) promoted an exercise among its constituency to provide guidance to Member States on the process to develop the post-2015 framework. These goals are based on existing international agreements and obligations.

Global Sustainable Development

Proposal on SDGs

1. Promote human development and security of all people

Promote Gender Equality and Participation (follow-up for MDGs) Promote the decent work agenda and poverty eradication Scale up access to primary health care End armed conflict, promote peace and ensure sustainable post-conflict development Improve Disaster Risk Preparedness with a particular focus on youth

2. Strengthen international environmental governance

Eco-partnerships for technology development, innovation, and sustainability (follow-up for MDGs) The implementation on a global convention on principle 10: “Environmental issues are best handled with participation of all concerned citizens.” Recognizing the role of young people in the sustainable development governance

3. Address cross-sectoral development areas

Promote energy access and efficiency Promote water access and cross sectoral efficiency Ensure the health, protection and preservation of oceans, seas and marine ecosystems Promote sustainable food-systems Forests and Biodiversity Promote the development of sustainable cities and human settlements

Proposal document provides examples of possible targets for all areas.

http://uncsdchildrenyouth.org/pdfs/SDGMGCY2012.pdf

12. Munasinghe Institute for Development (MIND)

January 2011 A set of consumption targets proposed during preparations for the UNCSD 2012 (Rio+20).

Sri Lanka / Canada

Sustainable Development

Millennium Consumption Goals:

Some of the measurable areas MCGs would target: 1. Carbon emissions reduction. 2. Energy (conservation, renewable energy fraction). 3. Water (conservation, quality). 4. Pollution abatement (air and water effluents, solid waste, and toxic waste).

Further areas might include: efficient transport; urban footprint and sustainable dwellings; land use, deforestation and biodiversity loss; food security, sustainable agriculture and healthier diets; sustainable livelihoods and lifestyles; reduced working hours and improved working conditions; progressive taxation; government arms expenditures.

http://www.mohanmunasinghe.com/pdf/Island-MCG-1Feb20112.pdf


http://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/dp-a-safe-and-just-space-for-humanity-130212-en.pdf

http://uncsdchildrenyouth.org/pdfs/SDGMGCY2012.pdf

http://www.mohanmunasinghe.com/pdf/Island-MCG-1Feb20112.pdf

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SECTOR-SPECIFIC PROPOSALS


June 2012 Identifies possible goals, targets and time frames, based on the Millennium Declaration.

USA Child protection

MDGs 2.0: Protecting the vulnerable

- Ratification of the convention on the rights of the child

- % in child labor


14. UN System Task Team on the Post-2015 Development Agenda

May 2012 Thematic Think Piece

Global Culture Culture: a driver and an enabler of sustainable development

http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/2_culture.pdf



Global Disaster risk & resilience

Disaster risk and resilience

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/3_disaster_risk_resilience.pdf


2012 Candidate Goal 7 of 11 potential goals, targets and indicators

Canada Disaster risk & resilience

Bellagio Goals:

Candidate goal 7: resilient communities and nations for reduced disaster impact from natural and technological hazards

Targets and indicators proposed on:

Process: capacity; vulnerability

Impact: economic; human




UK Disaster risk

& resilience

Action on climate change and sustainability in post‐2015 development goals

Each goal could have resource efficiency and climate change‐related targets. For example:

There should be specific goals promoting resilience to the impacts of climate change

Some climate change is already locked in and impacts will become more severe. Development will need to become increasingly resilient to these impacts. Suggestions for relevant goals are as follows:

Goal: To reduce risk and build resilience to [natural] disasters for all

• X% reduction in people affected by disasters by x

• All countries have national disaster resilience plan by x

• All countries using forward looking risk assessments to make development decisions by x


18. UN System Task Team on the Post-2015 Development


Global Economic /Inclusive growth & employment

Macroeconomic stability, inclusive growth and employment

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/12_macroeconomics.pdf


http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/2_culture.pdf

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/3_disaster_risk_resilience.pdf



http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/12_macroeconomics.pdf

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Agenda



Canada Economic /Employment

Bellagio Goals:

Candidate goal 1: inclusive economic growth for dignified livelihoods and adequate standards of living


Inclusive Growth: income poverty; economic growth

Livelihoods and Employment: Opportunities; Conditions

Standards of Living: Shelter; Well-being; Social security




USA Economic /Employment

MDGs 2.0: Development and poverty eradication

- % reduction in gap between youth unemployment and total unemployment



June 2012 Sachs’ proposal to organise the SDGs into three broad categories. Success in any of these three categories (or subcategories) will depend on the success of all three.

USA Economic /Sustainable Development



SDG 2: from 2015 to 2030, all nations will adopt economic strategies that increasingly build on sustainable best-practice technologies, appropriate market incentives, and individual responsibility. The world will move together towards low-carbon energy systems, sustainable food systems, sustainable urban areas (including resilience in the face of growing hazards), and stabilisation of the world's population through the voluntary fertility choices of families supported by health services and education. Countries will adopt a pace of change during these 15 years, individually and with global cooperation, that will enable humanity to avoid the most dangerous planetary thresholds. The world community will help low-income countries to bear the additional costs that they might entail in adoption of sustainable systems for energy, agriculture, and other sectors.


22. Center for Universal Education, Brookings Insitiution

June 2011 Focuses on education for all

USA Education Global Compact on Learning:

Priority 1: Support quality early childhood development and learning opportunities for girls and boys

1A: Extend quality early childhood development opportunities, particularly to poor and marginalized communities

1B: Ensure girls and boys start school at an appropriate age

Priority 2: Build Foundational skills in literacy and numeracy in the lower primary grades

2A: Prioritize literacy and numeracy in the lower primary grades

2B: Provide mother tongue-based multilingual education in the lower primary grades

Priority 3: Support transitioning to and completing secondary school and other post-primary opportunities that build relevant life and labor skills.

3A: Reduce barriers that prevent girls and boys from transitioning to secondary school and other postprimary educational opportunities

3B: Ensure that postprimary education prepares young people for healthy lives, productive work, and civic participation




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http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/reports/2011/6/09%20global%20compact/0609_global_compact.pdf

23. Overseas Development Institute /Results for Development Institute

August 2012 Suggests five recommendations towards future education goals.

UK

Education Recommendations on new education goals:

1) Mechanisms are urgently needed to include developing countries in current discussions about education and to include education more in general discussions about the post-2015 world.

2) Be careful with some of the current technically attractive proposals, such as adopting a long time horizon, combining universal aspirations and country-determined targets, and setting context-relevant goals.

3) Definitely include Learning but be very careful about simplistic standardized measures. A new set of EFA goals may provide a mechanism to complement in a detailed way a rather general learning MDG.

4) Concentrate on equity and the poorest – any new goals should explicitly be measured for each quintile, for example, and could even be set in terms of the performance of the bottom one or two quintiles.

5) It may be worth developing some sort of simple educational equivalent of stunting, as used in work in health and malnutrition, to try to capture educational deprivation. Such a measure could combine learning, equity and political intelligibility.


24. UN September 2012

UN Secretary-General’s Global Initiative on Education

Global Education UN Education First Initiative

Priority #1: Put every child in school

Priority #2: Improve the quality of learning

Priority #3: Foster global citizenship

http://www.globaleducationfirst.org/files/EdFirst_G29383UNOPS_lr.pdf



USA Education MDGs 2.0: Development and poverty eradication

- % complete secondary schooling

- % who cannot read and understand a simple paragraph.

- Scores on internationally comparable tests




Global Education & skills

Education and skills for inclusive and sustainable development beyond 2015

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/4_education.pdf



Canada Education & Skills

Bellagio Goals:

Candidate goal 3: appropriate education and skills for full participation in society


Establish Sufficient Education System Accessible to All at All Levels (Inputs): Capacity and Accessibility (Accessible School System); Sufficient Financing (Private; Public Expenditure); Equal Right to Education (Socio-economic Equality; Gender Equality)

Ensure Active Participation in EFA (Throughputs); Continued Pursuit of Lifelong Learning: Survival Ratio; Lifelong Learning; Advancement.


http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/reports/2011/6/09%20global%20compact/0609_global_compact.pdf


http://www.globaleducationfirst.org/files/EdFirst_G29383UNOPS_lr.pdf


http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/4_education.pdf


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Global Employment Emerging development challenges for the post-2015 UN development agenda: Employment

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/5_employment.pdf

29. UN Secretary-General

Sustainable Energy for All Initiative

October 2012 A global initiative on Sustainable Energy for All to mobilize action from all sectors of society in support of three interlinked objectives to be achieved by 2030

Global Energy Sustainable Energy for All:

Universal access to modern energy services, by 2030.

Doubling the rate of improvement in energy efficiency, by 2030.

Doubling the share of renewables in the global energy mix, by 2030.

Global Baseline Report to provide current state of progress towards the three goals




UK Energy Action on climate change and sustainability in post‐2015 development goals


Goal: Modern energy access for all

• Universal access to modern energy services.

• Doubling the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency.

• Doubling the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix.




Global Food security /nutrition

Imagining a world free from hunger: Ending hunger and malnutrition and ensuring food and nutrition security

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/6_food_nutrition.pdf



USA Food security /nutrition


- % of world living on >$1.25/day and/or >$2

- % GDP growth per capita

- Reduction in those suffering from hunger

- % children stunted




UK Food security /nutrition



Goal: Healthy nutrition for all

• Zero incidence of child stunting by x

• X% reduction in rate of biodiversity and forest loss by x

• X% reduction in nitrogen levels in the world’s oceans by x

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/5_employment.pdf



http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/6_food_nutrition.pdf


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USA Food security /nutrition



SDG 1: by 2030, if not earlier, all the world's people will have adequate nutrition.




Canada Food / Water & Sanitation

Bellagio Goals:

Candidate goal 2: sufficient food and water for active living


Food: Nutrition inputs; Nutrition outputs

Water: Sufficient quantity for a safe source; Diarrheal disease incidence

Sanitation: Reduce Open Defecation; Households; Public Facilities


36. Gender and Development Network

July 2012 Strategic proposal /think piece

UK Gender

A new gender equality goal

Suggests devising this by drawing on existing priority areas identified by:

1. The Millennium Project Task Force on Gender and Education - identified seven strategic priorities for gender equality / women’s empowerment: post-primary education (including secondary school, but also other kinds of non-formal education); sexual and reproductive rights and health; investment in infrastructure; property and inheritance rights; employment; seats in national parliaments and local governments; and ending violence against women.

2. The 2005 Task Force report on Achieving Gender Equality and Empowering Women recommendations.

3. The OECD’s four strategic priorities that it identifies as having a catalytic effect on achieving gender equality and women’s empowerment: women’s ownership and control of productive assets; girls’ secondary education; improving reproductive health and access to family planning; and supporting women’s leadership.

4. Two priorities consistently cited as by a range of actors: guaranteeing women’s inheritance and property rights and ending violence against women.

Proposes development of ‘transformative targets’, e.g.: women having more control over when and whether to have children, greater voice and influence in political decision-making, or greater ownership and control of economic assets such as income, land and property.

http://www.gadnetwork.org.uk/storage/GADN%20Briefing%203%20-%20Gender%20equality%20and%20the%20post-2015%20framework.pdf

37. The Centre 2012 Candidate Canada Gender Bellagio Goals:






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for International Governance Innovation

Goal 6 of 11 potential goals, targets and indicators

Candidate goal 6: gender equality enabling men and women to participate and benefit equally in society


Physical Autonomy: violence; reproductive rights

Economic Autonomy: capacity; participation

Decision-making Autonomy: public; private




USA Gender MDGs 2.0: Development and poverty eradication

- % reduction in earnings disparity

- % reduction in gap of share in non-agricultural workforce

- % increase in women’s representation in parliamentary bodies

- % decline in girl/boy disparity at age five




Global Governance Governance and development

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/7_governance.pdf



USA Governance



SDG 4: governments at all levels will cooperate to promote sustainable development worldwide. This target includes a commitment to the rule of law, human rights, transparency, participation, inclusion, and sound economic institutions that support the private, public, and civil-society sectors in a productive and balanced manner. Power is held in trust to the people, not as a privilege of the state.


41. UN inter-agency

June 2012 A UN inter-agency initiative to help identify and monitor progress on commitments to the global partnership for development.

Global Governance Integrated Implementation Framework (IIF)

Seeks to address main MDG 8 gaps in:

Official Development Assistance

Market Access

Debt sustainability

Access to essential medicines

Access to new technologies

Includes overview of commitments made in support of the MDGs by UN Member States and other stakeholders; tracks delivery, signals goals and inconsistencies. http://iif.un.org/

42. UNDP August 2012 Strategic proposal /think

Global Governance Areas that could shape post-2015 goals on governance:



http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/7_governance.pdf


http://iif.un.org/

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piece Participation and inclusion

Accountability and Responsiveness

Rules-based

Transparency

Equity, Non-Discrimination and Inclusiveness

Gender Equality

Proposes four options for developing and measuring targets and indicators, considering the global, regional and national dimensions.

Proposes using existing measures, e.g.: Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) (UNDP, 2012).

http://www.iag-agi.org/spip/IMG/pdf/Measuring-Democracy-and-Democratic-Governance.pdf



USA Governance /Human rights

MDGs 2.0: Human rights, democracy and good governance

- % countries (world’s population) ranked free by polity/Freedom House

- % countries improve World Governance Indicators scores




Canada Governance /Accountability

Bellagio Goals:

Candidate goal 9: empowering people to realize their civil and political rights

Targets and indicators proposed on: Participation in the Political Process; Accountability (transparency; human rights; corruption)




Canada Governance /Economic

Bellagio Goals:

Candidate goal 11: global governance and equitable rules for realizing human potential

Targets and indicators proposed on: Economic Rules: Capacity; Tariffs




USA Governance /Partnership


- Duty-free, quota-free language from original MDGs

- Tariffs and subsidies on agriculture commodities

- 0.7% of GDP in aid from all high income countries

- Commitment to finance costs of MDGs 2.0 on delivery

- ODA to low-income fragile states as % total ODA

- Remove all OECD taxes on remittances



June 2012 Identifies possible goals, targets and

USA Governance /Partnerships for


- FDI/remittance/private sector aid flows

http://www.iag-agi.org/spip/IMG/pdf/Measuring-Democracy-and-Democratic-Governance.pdf





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time frames, based on an MDG+ approach and the Millennium Declaration.

development finance


48. Foreign Policy and Global Health Initiative / WHO

October 2012 UHC is proposed as an overarching goal to ensure health coverage and financial protection for all. Aims to accommodate and maintain visibility of other internationally agreed health goals as sub-goals.

Global Health Universal Health Coverage

Two key components for goals:

1. coverage with needed health services (prevention, promotion, treatment and rehabilitation) and

2. coverage with financial risk protection, for everyone

Propose global and country-specific target and monitoring.

WHO. Health Systems Financing: the Path to Universal Coverage. World Health Report 2010.

http://www.who.int/topics/millennium_development_goals/post2015/WHOdiscussionpaper_October2012.pdf



USA Health MDGs 2.0: Development and poverty eradication

- % ‘vital drugs’ available generic/at cost.




Global Health Health in the post-2015 development agenda

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/8_health.pdf

51. Overseas Development Institute / Research for Development Institute

July 2012 Proposes three options for potential future health goals.

UK Health Three proposals:

1. Global goals and local targets. Global goals and local targets. The first option addresses the issue of having one global goal, giving each country or region a way to customize its approach to achieving it. One way to address the competing interests might be to set global health goals, but then ask each country (or region) to set its own specific targets on how to get there.

2. Stunting as an indicator of vulnerability. The second option is to have one goal that focuses on the most vulnerable (is poverty targeted) and that might be addressed in different ways in different countries—and also one that requires a multi-sectoral approach.

3. A health systems indicator. The third option takes a health systems approach rather than focusing on a health outcome indicator. A possible indicator that would meet this criteria would be the degree of attainment of universal health coverage.


52. The Earth Institute -

June 2012 Sachs’ proposal to

USA Health Sustainable Development Goals:

Proposal to organise the SDGs into three broad categories: economic development, environmental sustainability, and social


http://www.who.int/topics/millennium_development_goals/post2015/WHOdiscussionpaper_October2012.pdf


http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/8_health.pdf


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Jeffrey Sachs organise the SDGs into three broad categories. Sachs notes that success in any of these three categories (or subcategories) will depend on the success of all three.

inclusion.

SDG 1: by 2030, if not earlier, all the world's people will have access to primary health services.




USA Health /Maternal & U5 Mortality


- Maternal and under-five mortality

- Subsume into broader health goal




USA Health /HIV AIDS


- Achieve AIDS transition

- % reduction in new (malaria/HIV) infections

- % ensured ARV coverage

- To provide special assistance to children orphaned by HIV/AIDS




Canada Health & Well-being

Bellagio Goals:

Candidate goal 4: good health for the best possible physical, mental and social well-being


Impact: Financial Risk Protection; Health Status

Outcomes: Prevalence of Major Risk Factors; Coverage of Interventions

Outputs: Quality and Safety; Access and Service Readiness




Global Human rights Towards freedom from fear and want: Human rights in the post-2015 agenda

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/9_human_rights.pdf



Canada Infrastructure Bellagio Goals:

Candidate goal 8: quality infrastructure for access to energy, transportation and communication


Electricity and Clean Water:





http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/9_human_rights.pdf

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Provide Reliable Electricity and Clean Water at Affordable Price to All: Proportion of Population with Access to Affordable Electricity (actual usage; capacity and access); Proportion of Population with Access to Clean Water (Capacity and Access)

Provide Reliable Electricity and Clean Water at Affordable Price to All: Reliability of Electricity Supply (safety and future plan; service quality against unit cost)

ICT:

Connect All Through Readily Available Communication Technology: Proportion of Population Consistently Connected to the World (access; capacity; actual usage; safety and future plan; service quality against unit cost)

Transportation:

Establish Well-Maintained Transport System for Both Private and Business Purposes: Proportion of Population able to Access Transport Network (actual usage; capacity and access)

Establish Well-Maintained Transport System for Both Private and Business Purposes: Proportion of Population Able to Access Transport Network (actual usage)

Establish Well-Maintained Transport System for both Private and Business Purposes: Availability of Safe and High Quality Transport System (safety and future plan; service quality)




USA Infrastructure Sustainable Development Goals:


SDG 1: by 2030, if not earlier, all the world's people will have basic infrastructure, including electricity, roads, and connectivity to the global information network.




USA Infrastructure /ICT


- % reduction of those without access to electricity/lighting/clean fuels

- % reduction in population not covered by the mobile signal

- % of world with access to the Internet




Global Migration Migration and human mobility

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/13_migration.pdf

61. UN System Task Team on the Post-2015 Development


Global Migration Population dynamics

http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/15_population_dynamics.pdf




http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/13_migration.pdf

http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/15_population_dynamics.pdf

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Agenda

62. Geneva Declaration /Oslo Conference

April 2010 Derived through wide consultation with UN and non-UN agencies and practitioners and scholars.

Geneva Peace & Security

Goals, Targets and Indicators of Armed Violence

Goal 1: Reduce the number of people physically harmed from armed violence

Goal 2: Reduce the number of people and groups affected by armed violence

Goal 3: Strengthen institutional responses to prevent and reduce armed violence

Targets and indicators are proposed.

http://www.genevadeclaration.org/fileadmin/docs/Indicators/Metrics_Paper.pdf


May 2012 Thematic Think Piece Takes a broad approach to peace and security, proposes that there should be a specific security goal.

Global Peace & security

Peace and security

Concrete (MDG) end goals and targets, should be reorganized along four key dimensions of a more holistic approach:

(1) inclusive social development;

(2) inclusive economic development;

(3) environmental sustainability; and

(4) peace and security

Cutting across the four proposed dimensions are three fundamental principles: human rights, equality and sustainability.

Its proposal links security (that is, a reduction of violence) with issues of equality, justice, employment, natural resource management, political inclusion and transparency in a ‘multidimensional approach where development, human rights, peace, security and the rule of law are interrelated dimensions of well-being’ (UN System Task Team 2012: 18).

The peace and security dimension should strengthen cultures of peace and tolerance and build state capacities, especially in fragile states (UN System Task Team 2012: 32).

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/14_peace_and_security_20July.pdf

64. The g7+ Group of Fragile and Conflict-Affected States (g7+)

April 2010 The g7+ group of conflict-affected states was established in Dili, Timor-Leste. The group agreed to pursue a New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States, captured by the PSGs - which are considered prerequisites for achieving the MDGs in fragile states.

Timor-Leste /Global

Peace & Security /Fragile States

Peacebuilding and Statebuilding Goals (PSGs)

The New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States sets out priority areas of focus in fragile states and the process for programming around these priorities. Priority areas are captured in agreed Peacebuilding and Statebuilding Goals (PSGs):

1. Legitimate Politics - Foster inclusive political settlements and conflict resolution 2. Security - Establish and strengthen people’s security 3. Justice - Address injustices and increase people’s access to justice 4. Economic Foundations - Generate employment and improve livelihoods 5. Revenues & Services - Manage revenue and build capacity for accountable and fair service delivery

Although the PSGs were not proposed as post-2015 goals, they are viewed as agreed goals that should be incorporated into any post-2015 framework, or as a basis for any new proposals on fragile states.

International Dialogue on Peacebuilding and Statebuilding, ‘New Deal for Engagement in Fragile

States,’ 2011, http://www.g7plus.org/storage/New%20Deal%20English.pdf

65. The Centre 2012 Candidate Canada Peace & Bellagio Goals:

http://www.genevadeclaration.org/fileadmin/docs/Indicators/Metrics_Paper.pdf

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/14_peace_and_security_20July.pdf

http://www.g7plus.org/storage/New%20Deal%20English.pdf

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for International Governance Innovation

Goal 5 of 11 potential goals, targets and indicators

Security Candidate goal 5: security for ensuring freedom from violence

Targets and indicators proposed on: Armed Conflict; Violent Crime; Domestic Violence; Other (detentions; bullying; military expenditure; fear)




USA Peace & Security

MDGs 2.0: Peace, security and disarmament

- War deaths; Military expenditure ; Arms exports


67. WHO /UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme Working Group

September 2012

Recently revised draft goal and targets by the core Working Group on Post-2015 Global Sanitation Monitoring, based on consultation.

Global Sanitation Universal use of sustainable sanitation services that protect public health and dignity

Target 1. By 2025, no one practices open defecation

Target 2. By 2030, the poorest fifth of the population uses an adequate sanitation facility

Target 3. By 2030, the excreta of 50% of households is fully Managed (safely stored transported and adequately treated before use)

Target 4. By 2025, everyone uses adequate sanitation in schools and health facilities.

Indicators in progress.

http://www.wssinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/resources/Minutes-from-Sanitation-WG-meeting-Sept-11th-and-12th-in-London.pdf


August 2012 Undergoing consultation; proposed by the WHO /UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation, alongside other WASH goals captured in this table

Global Sanitation /Hygiene

‘Hygiene (handwashing, food hygiene, menstrual hygiene management) will be universally recognized, promoted, and practiced as fundamental to good health, dignity and quality of life.’ Draft targets: 1. By (x), ensure universal access to handwashing facilities 2. By (x), each country prioritizes food hygiene in policies and strategy 3. By (x), improved food hygiene behaviour practiced by a significant proportion of the population involved in food preparation, handling and services 4. By (x),*all women and adolescent girls are able to manage menstruation hygienically and with dignity Draft indicators available for each target.

http://www.wssinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/resources/Consultation_JMP_post2015_August2012.pdf



Global Science & technology

Science, technology and innovation and intellectual property rights: The vision for development

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think Pieces/11_ips_science_innovation_technology.pdf



Global Social protection

Social protection: A development priority in the post-2015 UN development agenda

http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/16_social_protection.pdf






http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/Think%20Pieces/11_ips_science_innovation_technology.pdf

http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/16_social_protection.pdf

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UK Social Protection



Goal: Access to comprehensive social protection for all

• % of people with access to education and healthcare

• % of children with income security during childhood

• X% reduction in poverty impacts in the period following shocks and stresses.




Global Urbanisation Sustainable urbanization

http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/18_urbanization.pdf

73. UN-Habitat October 2011 UN-Habitat submission to Rio +20

Global Urbanisation Halve the proportion of people living in slums at the city level by 2030, and prevent the formation of new slums.

http://www.uncsd2012.org/rio20/index.php?page=view&nr=38&type=510&menu=20&template=529&str=Johannesburg%20Plan%20of%20Implementation%20(JPoI)



USA Urbanisation MDGs 2.0: Development and poverty eradication

- Improve the lives of X million more slum dwellers.




Global Vulnerable states

Countries with special needs

http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/1_countries_with_special_needs.pdf



USA Vulnerable states

MDGs 2.0: Meeting the special needs of Africa

- Aid/capita received in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)

- FDI flows/capita received in SSA

- Debt /GDP in SSA

- Weighted tariffs faced by SSA exports

- % aid to improve health systems in Africa



August 2012 This draft goal and targets by the JMP represents one of three areas being developed towards post-2015 water

Global Water Safe and sustainable drinking water accessible for all, without discrimination

Target 1: By 2030, Everybody has equitable access to improved, safe and sustainable drinking water source at home.

Target 2: By 2030, halve the proportion of the population who do not have an improved (including disadvantaged group), safe and sustainable water supply at home.

Target 3: By 2030, everyone has equitable access to a basic water [sanitation and hygiene] services in their schools and health facilities

Target 4: Water [sanitation and hygiene] services are delivered in a financially, operationally institutionally, and


http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/18_urbanization.pdf




http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/thinkpieces/1_countries_with_special_needs.pdf


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goals. Two further areas focus on wastewater /water quality, and water resources management (proposals on goals and targets for these are in progress).

environmentally sustainable manner.

Draft candidate indicators in progress (see source).

http://www.worldwaterweek.org/documents/WWW_PDF/2012/Thur/Drinking-water-sanitation-and-hygiene/Tom-Slaymaker.pdf


October 2012 Explores a possible metrics framework for water security, based on analysis of political and data considerations.

UK Water Five key themes which are encompassed by the emerging concept of water security, and which can help structure a possible metrics framework:

1. Water security goes beyond immediate physical availability. 2. Water security requires us to address variability and risk. 3. Water security needs a human focus. 4. Water security also requires us to meet environmental needs. 5. Water security requires management of competition and conflict.

Outlines workable, but aspirational, indicators for:

Governance

Environmental needs

Basic human needs and productivity

Variability and risk

Resource stress




UK Water & Sanitation



Goal: Water and sanitation for all

• Ensuring universal access to improved drinking water sources

• Ensuring universal access to improved sanitation

• X% reduction in per capita global freshwater use by x



June 2012 Sachs’ proposal to organise the SDGs into three broad categories. Sachs notes that success in any of these three

USA Water & Sanitation



SDG 1: by 2030, if not earlier, all the world's people will have access to safe and sustainable water and sanitation.


http://www.worldwaterweek.org/documents/WWW_PDF/2012/Thur/Drinking-water-sanitation-and-hygiene/Tom-Slaymaker.pdf




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categories (or subcategories) will depend on the success of all three.

81. WHO /UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme Working Group -

Equity and non-discrimination (END) Working Group

August 2012 The objective of the END working group is to ensure that the goals, targets and indicators for water, sanitation and hygiene adequately reflect concerns of equity and non-discrimination. This proposal is currently under consultation.

Global Water & Sanitation /Equity

Equality checklist: assess the goals, targets, and indicators as a whole to ensure that they:

Prioritize basic access and focus on progressive realization toward safe and sustainable water, sanitation and hygiene for all, while reducing inequalities.

Address spatial inequalities, such as those experienced by communities in remote and inaccessible rural areas and slum-dwellers in (peri-)urban areas.

Focus on inequities, shining the light on the poorest of the poor.

Address group-related inequalities that vary across countries, such as those based on ethnicity, race, nationality, language, religion, and caste.

Attend to the impacts of individual-related inequalities that are relevant in every country of the globe, such as those based on sex/gender, age, disability, and health conditions imposing access constraints—as they are experienced both inside and beyond the household, including in relation to menstrual hygiene management

Recommended Elements for Goals, Targets, and Indicators a) Beyond the WASH sector: - Adopt a stand-alone goal on equality across all sectors: The END Working Group recommends the adoption of a stand-alone goal on equality and non-discrimination in the overall architecture of post-2015 development goals, in addition to the integration of non-discrimination in all sectors. b) Within the WASH sector - Include attention to both universality and equality in the WASH goal - Include targets and indicators that require the elimination of equality gaps by targeting the most disadvantaged groups - Include specific language in targets and indicators requiring reduction in intra-household inequalities - Craft targets aimed at the reduction in individual-related inequalities beyond the household and create indicators requiring monitoring of equality in access beyond the household - Include language in targets or indicators capturing menstrual hygiene management Also recommends improving and expanding measurement and data sources so they can adequately capture inequality and equity dimensions. http://www.wssinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/resources/Consultation_JMP_post2015_August2012.pdf



Canada Water & Sanitation, Food

Bellagio Goals:

Candidate goal 2: sufficient food and water for active living


Food: Nutrition inputs; Nutrition outputs

Water: Sufficient quantity for a safe source; Diarrheal disease incidence

Sanitation: Reduce Open Defecation; Households; Public Facilities



June 2012 Identifies possible goals, targets and time frames, based on an MDG+ approach and

USA Water & Sanitation


- % who are unable to reach or to afford safe drinking water

- % reduction of those living without access to improved sanitation





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the Millennium Declaration.

OTHER RELEVANT FRAMEWORKS /APPROACHES TO TARGETS & INDICATORS

84. Centre for Bhutan Studies

2012 Originate in Bhutan’s four pillars of GNH: sustainable development, preservation and promotion of cultural values, conservation of the natural environment, and establishment of good governance.

GNH is viewed by some as a pathway to sustainable development.

Bhutan Happiness Gross National Happiness (GNH):

Eight general contributors to happiness:

1. Physical, mental and spiritual health

2. Time balance

3. Social and community vitality

4. Cultural diversity and resilience

5. Education

6. Living standards

7. Good governance

8. Ecological diversity and resilience

A second-generation GNH concept (with happiness as a socioeconomic development metric) tracks seven development areas:

1. Economic Wellness

2. Environmental Wellness

3. Mental Wellness

4. Workplace Wellness

5. Social Wellness

6. Political Wellness

Multiple indicators; cross-sectoral

http://www.grossnationalhappiness.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Short-GNH-Index-edited.pdf

http://www.earth.columbia.edu/sitefiles/file/Sachs%20Writing/2012/World%20Happiness%20Report.pdf

85. Overseas Development Institute / Claire Melamed

March 2012 Strategic proposal /think piece

UK Inequality Cites three possible approaches to inequality targets:

1. Country level Gini coefficient targets: These would measure national level income inequality. The target could either be for a specific level or for a direction of travel – reducing the Gini until it got to within a specified range.

2. Weight progress on all indicators using equity criteria: Moving away from income inequality, this proposal is to weight all the indicators of progress so that progress among the poorest counts for more than progress in richer groups.

3. Have specific targets for progress among the poorest: This is a slightly different version of the idea above, where instead of being collapsed into one indicator through weighting, progress among the poorest groups is measured and reported separately, to ensure that they are benefitting from overall progress.

4. Universal targets: In response to the concern that it is the use of averages which allows for inequalities in MDG attainment to go unnoticed, one suggestion is to make future targets universal, so that there is no possibility of any group being ‘left behind’.

http://www.grossnationalhappiness.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Short-GNH-Index-edited.pdf

http://www.earth.columbia.edu/sitefiles/file/Sachs%20Writing/2012/World%20Happiness%20Report.pdf

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86. Jan Vandermoortele

May 2009 Strategic proposal /think piece

Belgium Inequality Weight progress on all goal indicators using equity criteria

http://www.eadi.org/fileadmin/MDG_2015_Publications/Vandemoortele_PAPER.pdf



Global Inequality Addressing inequalities: The heart of the post-2015 agenda and the future we want for all

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/10_inequalities_20July.pdf

88. Save the Children

October 2012 An evidence-based review and outline of recommendations towards post-2015 goals and targets on inequality.

UK Inequality Post-2015 goals should : 1. Enshrine equality and deliberately seek to improve the life chances of the poorest and most vulnerable people, explicitly recognising the entrenched challenge posed by social discrimination. 2. Remain squarely focused on the basic human development objectives of the MDG approach, retaining the simplicity of the current framework; specifically address the vulnerability and deprivation of marginalised and excluded groups. The Global Agenda Council on Benchmarking Progress proposal, ‘Getting to Zero’, presents some practical options for this – e.g., absolute rather than proportional targets (a zero target for child stunting and an ambitious target for child mortality, such as 20 per 1,000 live births), and direct targeting of groups and locations that are lagging behind. 3. Better monitor progress according to income and wealth quintiles (and disaggregated by dominant forms of group-based inequality). 4. Disaggregate all targets and indicators by income, wealth and other forms of group based inequalities such as gender, region and ethnicity. 5. Include a target on reducing income inequality and other disparities in wealth within countries, under the broader goal of poverty eradication. The target and indicator could utilise the gap between the richest and poorest quintiles (the 20:20 gap) or, following recent research, the 10:40 gap between the top decile and the bottom two quintiles. Similar targets that aim to reduce the gap between the best-off and worst-off groups can be proposed in each major dimension of inequality, and for each area that the post-2015 framework covers (e.g. mortality rates as well as income). In addition, government leaders should consider the enabling conditions that will help to facilitate reductions in inequality, such as a robust accountability mechanism, better data collection facilities and better regulation to support increased public sector revenue collection. http://www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/images/Born_Equal.pdf

89. Brookings Institute - Kevin Watkins

June 2012 USA Inequality ‘All countries should halve the wealth gap in child survival and school completion over five years.’ http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2012/jun/20/rio20-development-gains


June 2012 Sachs’ proposal to organise the SDGs into three broad categories. Sachs notes that success in any of these three categories (or

USA Inequality /social inclusion



SDG 3: every country will promote the wellbeing and capabilities of all their citizens, enabling all citizens to reach their potential, irrespective of class, gender, ethnic origin, religion, or race. Every country will monitor the wellbeing of its citizenry with improved measurements and reporting of life satisfaction. Special attention will be given to early childhood, youth, and elderly people, addressing the vulnerabilities and needs of each age cohort.


http://www.eadi.org/fileadmin/MDG_2015_Publications/Vandemoortele_PAPER.pdf

http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/10_inequalities_20July.pdf

http://www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/images/Born_Equal.pdf

http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2012/jun/20/rio20-development-gains

22

subcategories) will depend on the success of all three.


91. Institute of Development Studies

/Chronic Poverty Research Centre

October 2010 Presents and assesses three options for structuring post-2015 goals, including possible indicators.

UK Multiple MDGs 2020/2025: Same MDGs, possibly with a few changes to indicators and a new deadline of 2020 or 2025.

Indicators: Existing MDGs with minimal - if any - changes or supplemented or substituted with amended or new indicators

MDG-Plus: Incremental/expansion of MDG approach or ‘MDG plus’ to expand to local ownership with nationally-set goals – which could be beyond a purely human development focus.

Indicators: Small set of 3-4 ‘inner core’ universal goals from existing MDGs - child education, health and nutrition plus a small set of ‘outer-core’ 3-4 new and locally defined goals

Millennium World /One World: A framework to address global issues notably climate change with global public goods and goals for climate adaptation and finance and poverty/social insurance/security

Indicators: Some resonance with MDG8 indicators; indicators of resilience and vulnerability, global public goods, climate adaptation, etc.

http://www.chronicpoverty.org/uploads/publication_files/sumner_tiwari_mdgs.pdf

92. IDS

/Save the Children

June 2009 A new way of measuring poverty after 2015.

UK Wellbeing 3D Human Wellbeing

‘Current approaches to poverty and development indicators and pro-poor policy need rethinking. ‘3D human wellbeing’ shifts our focus beyond incomes and narrow human development indicators to take account of what people can do and be, and how they evaluate what they can do and be. Human wellbeing is three-dimensional (3D): it takes account of material wellbeing, subjective wellbeing and relational wellbeing.’

Dimensions of Wellbeing: Material, Relational and Subjective

Based around ideas on wellbeing by McGregor, J. A. (2007) ‘Researching Wellbeing: From Concepts To Methodology’, in Gough, I. and McGregor, J. A. (eds) Wellbeing in Developing Countries

http://www.ids.ac.uk/files/dmfile/IF9.2.pdf

93. Stiglitz Commission

September 2009

Ideas around ‘human wellbeing’ are emerging to balance traditionally material ways of conceptualising and measuring poverty. The proposed dimensions are not captured by conventional

USA /France

Wellbeing Human wellbeing:

Material living standards

Health

Education

Personal activities including work

Political voice and governance

Social connections and relationships

The present and future environment

Security, both economic and physical

Multiple indicators on quality of life; subjective and objective well-being

http://www.stat.si/doc/drzstat/Stiglitz%20report.pdf


http://www.chronicpoverty.org/uploads/publication_files/sumner_tiwari_mdgs.pdf

http://www.ids.ac.uk/files/dmfile/IF9.2.pdf

http://www.stat.si/doc/drzstat/Stiglitz%20report.pdf

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income measures.

Documents

PROPOSALS ON POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT GOALS · PROPOSALS ON POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT GOALS No. WHO MONTH & YEAR WHAT COUNTRY SECTOR GOALS, TARGETS & INDICATORS CROSS-SECTOR PROPOSALS 1