Proposal Report Debrief

• Make sure to proof read report multiple times

• All appendices should be referenced in the text – i.e. “Detailed calculations are included in Appendix A”

•Show your final values in a table but include detailed calculations in an appendix, list all assumptions, show units, reference assumed values for material properties and radiation data.

General Comments on Report Writing

• ALL values, concepts, equations, and costs need to be cited in the body of the text with references listed at the end of the report.

• ALL references appearing in the list should have a citation within the report

• Format according to one of the formal bibliography formats and be consistent

A Note on REFERENCES

• In Text Citations:

In a direct gain system energy passes through the window and is directly absorbed in the building materials (Duffie and Beckman, 2006).

• End Notes

In a direct gain system energy passes through the window and is directly absorbed in the building materials [1].

A Note on REFERENCES

Introduction /2

•We were looking for a short description of the project, including task, rules, performance criteria and end goal

Background Research /5

• Wanted key concepts of passive solar building design

• Orientation

• Glazing area

• Thermal mass

• Solar collection (indirect, direct, sunspace)

• Insulation, air leakage

• Trombe wall, passive ventilation strategies, overhang

• Information on active solar systems was also appreciated

Background Research /5

• Also wanted discussion on heat transfer properties

• Convection (Forced and Natural)

• Radiation (Solar gain and losses)

• Conduction

• Thermal Storage

Design Drawings /5

• Needed clear, neat, dimensioned drawings that adhered to rules

• Labels are very helpful at allowing the marker to understand design

• Drawings should be stand alone

Preliminary Engineering Analysis /10

• Looking for calculations that justified your design

•Heat Loss Calculation

•Cannot ignore heat loss from window, conduction or convection

•Heat Gain Calculation

• Needed to include the transmission of the Plexiglas

•Needed to have peak solar gains as well as average

•Storage Calculation

Peak Solar Heat Gain

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Sola

r R

adia

tio

n (

W/m

^2)

Time

Materials and Cost Estimates /2.5

• ALL materials except the provided VIP panels and batteries and Plexiglas must have been included in total cost

• A standardized price for Plexiglas per square cm will be provided at a later date

• Recycled materials must have been included in cost (i.e. If you didn’t pay for something an estimate on the retail price must be included in total cost)

Work Breakdown /2.5

• Complete list of tasks

•Don’t forget you will need to schedule time to prepare the presentation and final report

• Needed distribution of who is doing what – even distribution among team members

• Neatly displayed and easy to read – tables or a Gantt chart

• VIP panels are rigid but may not hold large amounts of mass, consider using a frame or plywood to increase robustness, especially if heavy thermal mass is being used

• When attaching items inside your unit, make sure not to use screws or nails on the VIP panels

• Design has to be able to open so we can insert thermocouple and do the block test to ensure the minimum internal volume rule has not been broken

Design Issues – Structural

• If using electronics, ensure they are protected from the elements

• If using water as a thermal mass, ensure it is freeze protected (i.e. salt water, glycol, other anti freeze chemicals)

• If using any chemicals, make sure to include a MSDS in the next report and inform us of any hazards during the set up

Design Issues – Safety

• Don’t underestimate the importance of having a lot of thermal mass

• Equally as important is getting heat into and out of thermal mass

• Radiation incident on mass?

• Increased convection?

• Watch internal space requirements

• If system has some form of active control, make sure to tune it to optimize performance

Design Issues – Thermal Mass

Closing Remarks

• Proofread

• Follow instructions and make sure to not break any rules

• Keep performance criteria in mind

• Show your work

• References

• Remember your group number and put it on future deliverables

• Stay posted on rules and rule updates

Performance Prediction and Detailed Design

(30% of your project mark)

• Submit a dynamic and transient model of your design’s performance (can be Excel, Matlab, EES)

• Submit final construction drawings of your device, must be neat, labeled, dimensioned and clearly show the features of your design

• Submit a report containing

– Model Summary discussing the development and reasoning behind the model

– The results predicted by your model

– Plot of Temperature VS. time for at least 7 days

– Submit a final design description and justification for design based on model results

– Updated cost estimation (include all materials except VIP panels, costs of Plexiglas and battery will be provided)

– Performance criteria (Comfort Zone, Affordability, Temperature Swings)

• Due October 31st

• Remember we want to get these set up on the roof on Nov. 9 and Nov. 10 so you will have to have your unit assembled by then

• You will be submitting a model summary, final design concept and design drawings (.pdf/doc) andyour model (.xls, .ees, .m)

• Weather data has been posted to the web

• If you want any other weather data let me know and I can get it for you (different incidence angles, sun positions etc.)

• We are giving you an excel file with a dynamic and transient model for a very simple design.

• Your job is to modify this file to represent your design as accurately as possible

Modeling

Simple Example Model

Polystyrene Insulation

Double Pane Vertical Window

Concrete Patio Stone Floor (painted black)

Simple Example Model

Excel Sheet has four tabs

• Model

• Contains design specifications, material properties and

calculations

• References

• Shows sources for information used in model

• Equations

• Shows equations used and assumptions

• Performance

• Evaluates the design using the three performance criteria

Simple Example Model

The model requires you to enable circular referencing,

this may already be enabled depending on your

version of excel

How to enable:

File, Options, Formulas, Check the box beside “Enable

Iterative Calculations"

Design Variables

Calculated Values

Constants

Colour Coordination

Size Specifications

Tint Ts,int Ts,ext Tamb

Eq. 8:Window Thermal Resistance

Assuming: No

convection in window

cavity, fully mixed

interior air, 1d

conduction through

the window, lumped

convective/radiative

heat transfer

coefficient

Eq. 9:Wall Thermal Resistance

Assuming: Fully mixed interior

air, 1D conduction through

walls, all walls are same

thickness and conductivity, no

heat loss through the floor,

lumped convective/radiative

coefficient

Tint Ts,int Ts,ext Tamb

Qloss, walls

Eq. 10: Total Thermal Resistance

Tint

Rwind

Tamb

Qloss, tot

Rwall

Ignores edge effects

and assumes heat loss

is uniform on all walls

Time step

Assuming: window transmittance τ, floor absorbance α,

all radiation transmitted by the window is absorbed in

the floor (with absorptivity α) (i.e. no shortwave radiation

escapes back through the window)

Time step

Assuming: lumped capacitance, floor all one temp, finite

difference, lumped radiation and convection coefficient hn

natural convection from floor, air has no heat capacity

Time step

1

. 3( )( )(T T )t t t

floor loss n r floor roomQ h h IA

Delta T is

timestep

Trm TambTfloor

Qloss 1/hA Rtot

Time step

Assuming: air

has no heat

capacity, natural

convection from

floor to air,

lumped radiation

and convection

coefficient from

interior surfaces,

all assumptions

related to R total

Spreadsheet

• Model is modified and improved to reflect team’s design

• Make sure you use the updated weather data from the course web site

• Design is simplified appropriately, model is accurate, equations are valid

• Heat loss, heat gain, heat storage calculations

• Model outputs dynamic, transient performance of the device based on weather data

• Incorporates dynamic referencing (allows design variables to change and performance prediction is updated)

Expectations

Model/Performance Prediction Expectations

• All design factors are accounted for or addressed

• Assumptions are clearly listed and limitations of assumptions are explained

• Report shows understanding of assumptions and their effect on the accuracy of the model

• Final design incorporates model analysis—model is used to justify final design decisions

Detailed Design Expectations • Design drawings are clear and dimensioned

• Drawings include material labels

• Design concept is clearly explained and justified using the dynamic model

• Design shows critical thinking and creativity

General Expectations • Calculations listed, variables defined, units shown

• Properties/correlations properly referenced

• Calculation methodology is easy to follow

• Results are neatly displayed

• Ideas are adequately communicated