Proper Automotive Waste Management - Problems

By Christine Flowers and Raleigh RossBy Christine Flowers and Raleigh RossSponsored by the California Integrated Waste Management BoardSponsored by the California Integrated Waste Management Board

Environmental Impact

Understanding The Environment Understanding The Environment

The ImpactThe Impact

A Global Approach A Global Approach

Global Warming Global Warming

Depletion of the Ozone Layer Depletion of the Ozone Layer

Air Pollution Air Pollution

Water Pollution Water Pollution

Environmental Impact

Groundwater Depletion Groundwater Depletion

Habitat Destruction and Species Habitat Destruction and Species Extinction Extinction

Chemical Risks Chemical Risks

Environmental Racism Environmental Racism

Worker Safety – Shop Safety

Floor clean-upFloor clean-up

Battery safetyBattery safety

Fuel leaksFuel leaks

General awarenessGeneral awareness

Worker Safety - Hazards

Inhalation HazardsInhalation Hazards

Dermal Absorption HazardsDermal Absorption Hazards

Ingestion HazardsIngestion Hazards

Worker Safety - Hazard Communication

““Worker’s Right to Know”Worker’s Right to Know”

Hazard Communications StandardHazard Communications Standard

Labeling of Hazardous MaterialsLabeling of Hazardous Materials

Labeling of Hazardous WastesLabeling of Hazardous Wastes

MSDSMSDS

NFPA Hazard Rating - Fire Diamond

Health Hazard

0 - Ordinary Combustible Hazard in a Fire0 - Ordinary Combustible Hazard in a Fire

1 - Slightly Hazardous1 - Slightly Hazardous

2 - Hazardous2 - Hazardous

3 - Extreme Danger3 - Extreme Danger

4 - Deadly4 - Deadly

Flammability

0 - Will Not Burn0 - Will Not Burn1 - Will Ignite if Preheated1 - Will Ignite if Preheated

Flash point. above 200°FFlash point. above 200°F

2 - Will Ignite if Moderately Heated2 - Will Ignite if Moderately HeatedFlash point below 200°FFlash point below 200°F

3 - Will Ignite at Ambient Conditions3 - Will Ignite at Ambient ConditionsFlash point below 100°FFlash point below 100°F

4 - Burns Readily at Ambient Conditions4 - Burns Readily at Ambient ConditionsFlash point below 73°FFlash point below 73°F

Reactivity

0 - Stable Even Under Fire Conditions and 0 - Stable Even Under Fire Conditions and Not Reactive with WaterNot Reactive with Water

1 - Unstable if Heated1 - Unstable if Heated

2 - Violent Chemical Change2 - Violent Chemical Change

3 - Shock and Heat May Detonate3 - Shock and Heat May Detonate

4 - May Detonate at Normal Temperatures 4 - May Detonate at Normal Temperatures and Pressuresand Pressures

OX - OxidizerOX - Oxidizer

ACID - AcidACID - Acid

ALK - AlkaliALK - Alkali

COR - Corrosive COR - Corrosive

W - Use No Water, Reacts!W - Use No Water, Reacts!

- Radioactive- Radioactive

Special Hazard

Regulations

What is Hazardous Waste?What is Hazardous Waste?The EPA defines wastes as hazardous if they exhibit The EPA defines wastes as hazardous if they exhibit a “characteristic”, or are on a “list” a “characteristic”, or are on a “list”

Four Characteristics of an EPA Hazardous Waste:Four Characteristics of an EPA Hazardous Waste:IgnitabilityIgnitability

CorrosivityCorrosivity

ReactivityReactivity

ToxicityToxicity

Determining if a Waste is HazardousDetermining if a Waste is Hazardous

Is Your Waste Hazardous? Is Your Waste Hazardous?

Introduction 1-8 (b)

Ignitability

Ignitability - flash point of less than 140Ignitability - flash point of less than 140FFParts washer petroleum solventsParts washer petroleum solvents

Solvent-based paint wasteSolvent-based paint waste

Waste kerosene or gasolineWaste kerosene or gasoline

Introduction 1-8 (c)

Corrosivity

Corrosivity - pH less than or equal to 2.0, Corrosivity - pH less than or equal to 2.0, or greater than or equal to 12.5 or greater than or equal to 12.5

Acid or alkaline cleaning solutionsAcid or alkaline cleaning solutions

Battery acidBattery acid

Introduction 1-8 (d)

Reactivity

Reactivity - when mixed with water: reacts Reactivity - when mixed with water: reacts violently, forms explosive mixture, violently, forms explosive mixture, generates toxic gases, or contains generates toxic gases, or contains cyanides or sulfides that are released cyanides or sulfides that are released when exposed to acid or alkaline when exposed to acid or alkaline materials, or is explosive. materials, or is explosive.

Pressurized aerosol cansPressurized aerosol cans

Introduction 1-8 (e)

Toxicity

Toxicity - fails the "Toxicity Characteristic Toxicity - fails the "Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure" (TCLP) lab test for Leaching Procedure" (TCLP) lab test for any one of 40 TCLP parameters.any one of 40 TCLP parameters.

Paint-contaminated wastesPaint-contaminated wastes

Oil-contaminated wastes, such as used oil Oil-contaminated wastes, such as used oil absorbent or rags.absorbent or rags.

Introduction 1-10 (a)

Wide variety of common wastes fond in Wide variety of common wastes fond in vehicle maintenance shops. These include:vehicle maintenance shops. These include:

F-Listed Hazardous Wastes

Methylene ChlorideMethylene Chloride

1,1.1-trichloroethane 1,1.1-trichloroethane (TCE)(TCE)

Chlorinated Chlorinated Fluorocarbons (freons)Fluorocarbons (freons)

XyleneXylene

AcetoneAcetone

NitrobenzeneNitrobenzene

TolueneToluene

Methyl Ethyl Ketone Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)(MEK)

BenzeneBenzene

Introduction 1-10 (c)

Other Listed Hazardous Wastes

K-Listed Wastes - uncommon in vehicle K-Listed Wastes - uncommon in vehicle maintenance operations.maintenance operations.

P-Listed Wastes - acutely toxic chemicals P-Listed Wastes - acutely toxic chemicals in unused form only.in unused form only.

U-Listed Wastes - toxic commercial U-Listed Wastes - toxic commercial chemicals, off-specification products in chemicals, off-specification products in unused form.unused form.

Waste Generators

How Are Waste Generators Categorized?How Are Waste Generators Categorized?

What a Hazardous Waste Generator Must What a Hazardous Waste Generator Must DoDo

What “CESQG” Means to Your ShopWhat “CESQG” Means to Your Shop

Material Safety Data Sheet

An OverviewAn Overview

Section 1Identity and General Info.

Manufacturer’s NameManufacturer’s Name

AddressAddress

Emergency Phone NumberEmergency Phone Number

Information Phone NumberInformation Phone Number

Date PreparedDate Prepared

Signature of PreparerSignature of Preparer

Section 2 Hazardous Ingredients

Hazardous ComponentsHazardous ComponentsSpecific Chemical Identity/Common NamesSpecific Chemical Identity/Common Names

OSHA PELOSHA PELPermissible Exposure LimitPermissible Exposure Limit

ACGIH TLVACGIH TLVAmerican Conference of Govt. Industrial HygienistsAmerican Conference of Govt. Industrial Hygienists

Threshold Limit ValueThreshold Limit Value

Other Limits Recommended Other Limits Recommended

Percentage (optional)Percentage (optional)

Section 3 Phys./Chem. Characteristics

Boiling PointBoiling PointSpecific Gravity (H2O = 1)Specific Gravity (H2O = 1)Vapor Pressure (mm Hg)Vapor Pressure (mm Hg)Melting PointMelting PointVapor Density (Air = 1)Vapor Density (Air = 1)Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate = 1)Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate = 1)Solubility in WaterSolubility in WaterWater ReactivityWater ReactivityAppearance and OdorAppearance and Odor

Section 4Fire / Explosion Hazard Data

Flash Point (Method Used)Flash Point (Method Used)Auto-Ignition TemperatureAuto-Ignition TemperatureFlammable LimitsFlammable Limits

LEL (Lower Explosion Limit)LEL (Lower Explosion Limit)UEL (Upper Explosion Limit)UEL (Upper Explosion Limit)

Extinguishing MediaExtinguishing MediaSpecial Fire Fighting ProceduresSpecial Fire Fighting ProceduresUnusual Fire and Explosion HazardsUnusual Fire and Explosion Hazards

Section 5Reactivity Data

StabilityStabilityUnstableUnstable

Conditions to AvoidConditions to Avoid

StableStable

Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid)Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid)Hazardous Decomposition or ByproductsHazardous Decomposition or ByproductsHazardous PolymerizationHazardous Polymerization

May OccurMay OccurConditions to AvoidConditions to Avoid

Will Not OccurWill Not Occur

Section 6Health Hazardous Data

Routes of EntryRoutes of EntryInhalation, Skin, IngestionInhalation, Skin, Ingestion

Health Hazards (Acute and Chronic)Health Hazards (Acute and Chronic)CarcinogencityCarcinogencity

NTP, IARC, OSHANTP, IARC, OSHA

Signs and Symptoms of ExposureSigns and Symptoms of ExposureMedical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by ExposureExposureEmergency and First Aid ProceduresEmergency and First Aid Procedures

Section 7Precautions - Safe Handling

Steps to Be Taken in Case Material is Steps to Be Taken in Case Material is Released or SpilledReleased or Spilled

Waste Disposal MethodWaste Disposal Method

Precautions to Be Taken in Handling and Precautions to Be Taken in Handling and StoringStoring

Other PrecautionsOther Precautions

Section 8Control Measures

Respiratory ProtectionRespiratory ProtectionVentilationVentilation

Local Exhaust, Special, Mechanical Local Exhaust, Special, Mechanical (General), Other(General), Other

Protective GlovesProtective GlovesEye ProtectionEye ProtectionOther Protective Clothing or EquipmentOther Protective Clothing or EquipmentWork/Hygienic PracticesWork/Hygienic Practices

Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS)

FLAMMABILITY

REACTIVITY

HEALTH

PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Health

0 - Minimal Hazard0 - Minimal HazardNo significant risk to healthNo significant risk to health

1 - Slight Hazard1 - Slight HazardIrritation or minor reversible injury possibleIrritation or minor reversible injury possible

2 - Moderate Hazard2 - Moderate HazardTemporary or minor injury may occurTemporary or minor injury may occur

3 - Serious Hazard3 - Serious HazardMajor injury likely unless prompt action is Major injury likely unless prompt action is taken and medical treatment is giventaken and medical treatment is given

HEALTH

Health

4 - Severe Hazard4 - Severe HazardLife threatening, major or permanent Life threatening, major or permanent damage may result from single or repeated damage may result from single or repeated exposuresexposures

NoteNote: An asterisk (*) or other designation : An asterisk (*) or other designation indicates that there may be chronic indicates that there may be chronic health effects present. See the MSDS health effects present. See the MSDS for the material in questionfor the material in question

HEALTH

Flammability

0 - Minimal Hazard0 - Minimal HazardMaterials that are normally stable and will Materials that are normally stable and will not burn unless heatednot burn unless heated

1 - Slight Hazard1 - Slight HazardMaterials that must be preheated before Materials that must be preheated before ignition will occur. Flammable liquids in this ignition will occur. Flammable liquids in this category have flash points at or above category have flash points at or above 200ºF200ºF

FLAMMABILITY

HEALTH

Flammability

2 - Moderate Hazard2 - Moderate HazardMaterials that must be moderately heated Materials that must be moderately heated before ignition will occur. Flammable liquids in before ignition will occur. Flammable liquids in this category have flash points at or above this category have flash points at or above 100ºF and below 200ºF100ºF and below 200ºF

3 - Serious Hazard3 - Serious HazardMaterials capable of ignition under almost all Materials capable of ignition under almost all normal temperature conditions. Flammable normal temperature conditions. Flammable liquids in this category have flash points below liquids in this category have flash points below 73ºF and boiling points above 100ºF as well as 73ºF and boiling points above 100ºF as well as liquids with a flash point between 73ºF and liquids with a flash point between 73ºF and 100ºF 100ºF

FLAMMABILITY

HEALTH

Flammability

4 - Severe Hazard4 - Severe HazardVery flammable gases or very volatile Very flammable gases or very volatile flammable liquids with flash points below flammable liquids with flash points below 73ºF and boiling points below 100ºF 73ºF and boiling points below 100ºF

FLAMMABILITY

HEALTH

Reactivity

0 - Minimal Hazard0 - Minimal HazardMaterials that are normally stable, even Materials that are normally stable, even under fire conditions, and will not react with under fire conditions, and will not react with waterwater

1 - Slight Hazard1 - Slight HazardMaterials that are normally stable,but can Materials that are normally stable,but can become unstable at high temperatures and become unstable at high temperatures and pressures. These materials may react with pressures. These materials may react with water, but they will not release energy water, but they will not release energy violentlyviolently

FLAMMABILITY

REACTIVITY

HEALTH

Reactivity

2 - Moderate Hazard2 - Moderate HazardMaterials that, in themselves, are normally Materials that, in themselves, are normally unstable and that readily undergo violent unstable and that readily undergo violent chemical change, but will not detonate. These chemical change, but will not detonate. These materials may also react violently with watermaterials may also react violently with water

3 - Serious Hazard3 - Serious HazardMaterials that are capable of detonation or Materials that are capable of detonation or explosive reaction, but which require a strong explosive reaction, but which require a strong initiating source or which must be heated under initiating source or which must be heated under confinement before initiation; or materials that confinement before initiation; or materials that react explosively with waterreact explosively with water

FLAMMABILITY

REACTIVITY

HEALTH

Reactivity

4 - Severe Hazard4 - Severe HazardMaterials that are readily capable of Materials that are readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition at detonation or explosive decomposition at normal temperatures and pressuresnormal temperatures and pressures

FLAMMABILITY

REACTIVITY

HEALTH

Protective Equipment

Safety glassesSafety glasses

Face shieldFace shield

GlovesGloves

RespiratorRespirator

Special clothingSpecial clothing

FLAMMABILITY

REACTIVITY

HEALTH

PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Chronic Effects

Chronic health effects are not rated Chronic health effects are not rated because of the complex issues involved because of the complex issues involved and the lack of standardized classifications and the lack of standardized classifications and test. However, based on information and test. However, based on information provided by the manufacturer/supplier, provided by the manufacturer/supplier, chronic effects may be indicated by (1) an chronic effects may be indicated by (1) an asterisk (*) or other designation after the asterisk (*) or other designation after the health hazard rating corresponding to other health hazard rating corresponding to other information that may be available; or (2) information that may be available; or (2) written warnings in the upper white section written warnings in the upper white section of the HMIS label.of the HMIS label.