Propaganda Movement

Defect of Spanish Colonial RuleNo stability in Philippine GovernmentFrequent changes in the government of Spain brought also political instability in the PhilippinesFrom 1837-1897, the Philippines was ruled by 50 Spanish governor generals, each serving an average of 1 year and 3 months in office.

Filipinos were not given a voice in their own government.Their previous representation in the Spanish Cortes (law making body in Spain) from 1810-1837, was not restored. Only minor government offices were opened to the FilipinosVentura de los Reyes the only Filipino who became part of the Spanish Cortes in 1812.

Defective administration of JusticeCourts were really courts of injustice. Spanish judges were ignorant and dishonestJudicial trials were slow and expensive

No equality before the lawSpaniards were given more rights and privilege that FilipinosJustice was for the rich and influential and not for the poor.

Many Spanish officials were corrupt, abusive, and incompetent.Filipinos were maltreated and regarded as inferior beings.

RISE OF PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

The Propaganda Movement was a peaceful crusade for reformsIt is not a revolutionary movement.It began in 1872, after GOMBURZAs execution, and ended in 1892, when Rizal was exiled to Dapitan.This movement was carried on by means of pen and tongue.

AIMS OF THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENTEquality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the law.Assimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of Spain.Restoration of Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes.Filipinization of the parishesGranting of individual liberties to Filipinos such as:Freedom of SpeechFreedom of the pressFreedom of assemblyFreedom to petition for grievances

SUPPORTERS OF THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

Ferdinand BlumentrittMiguel Morayta

Francisco Pi y MargallManuel Ruiz Zorrilla

Ferdinand Blumentritt Rizals best friend; professor in Ateneo de Leitmeritz, AustriaMiguel Morayta Rizals professor in the Universidad Central de Madrid Francisco Pi y Margall former president of the First Spanish RepublicManuel Ruiz Zorrilla leader of the Republican Party of SpainDon Juan de Atayde Spanish writer

THE PROPAGANDISTS

Marcelo H. Del PilarLawyer-journalist from Bulacan.He was considered as the best propagandist, even better than Rizal.

Jose Protacio RizalThe Great MalayanA physician from Calamba, Laguna.

Graciano Lopez-JaenaOrator of the propaganda movementA physician from Jaro, Iloilo

Mariano PonceA journalist and historical researcherA physician from Baliwag, Bulacan.

Juan LunaThe greatest Filipino painter from Badoc, Ilocos Norte

Antonio LunaPharmacist and essayist,A Manila born Ilocano and brother of Juan Luna.One of the greatest generals in Philippine history.

Jose Ma. PanganibanA linguist and writer from Camarines Norte.

Pedro Serrano LaktawTeacher and lexicographer from Bulacan.Wrote the first Diccionario Tagalog-Espaol

Pedro A. PaternoLawyer and a man of letters from Manila.

Jose AlejandrinoAn engineer and writer from Arayat, Pampanga.

Marcelo H. Del PilarBorn in barrio Cupang, Bulacan on August 30, 1850.Master of both Tagalog and Spanish languages, he devoted his legal training and literary talent to fight Spanish misrule.He fled to Spain in 1888 to escape Spanish persecution at home.He became the leader of the Propagandists in Spain.Assumed editorship of the La Solidaridad, after Graciano Lopez Jaena.

He studied in the College of Mr. Jose Flores and transferred in College of San Jose in ManilaHe finished Law in USTMarciana del Pilar Marcelos wife and second cousin.Diariong Tagalog first bilingual newspaper which he established.It publish observations and criticisms on how the Spanish government in the Philippines was misruled.Plaridel, Dolores, Manapat, Piping Dilat as pen namesDied in Barcelona of tuberculosis and as a poor man at the age of 46 (July 4, 1896).

GREATEST WORKSLas Filipinas se Pierden the Philippines is being lostLe Redencion de Filipinas the redemption of the PhilippinesAutocracia brutal brutal autocracy

Del Pilar was much feared by the Spanish authorities because of his fiery editorials and satirical articles.

AMAIN NAMINAmain naming sumasakumbento ka, sumpain ang ngalan mo, malayo sa amin ang kasakiman mo, kitlin ang leeg mo dito sa lupa para ng sa langit. Saulan mo kami ngayon ng aming kaning iyong inaaraw-araw at patawanin mo kami gaya ng pagtawa mo kung kamiy nakukuwaltahan mo; at huwag mo kaming ipahintulot as iyong mapanukso at iadya mo kami sa masama mong dila. Amen

ABA GINOONG BARYAaba ginoong barya, nakapupuno ka ng alkansya, and prayley sumasaiyo, bukod ka niyang pinagpalat pinahigit sa lahat, pinagpala naman ang iyong kaban.

santa barya ina ng diretsos, ipanalangin mo kaming huwag anitan ngayon at kami ay ipapatay. Sya nalang. Sya nawa. amen

TEN COMMANDMENTS1.Thou shall worship and love the friars above all2. Thou shall not cheat them of their stipends3. Thou shall sanctify the friars, Sundays or holidays4. Thou shall pawn thyself to pay for the burial of thy father or mother5. Thou should not die if thou does not have the money to pay for the internment6. Thou shall not covet his wife7. Thou shall not steal with him8. Thou shall not accuse him even if thou be called a liar9. Thou shall not refuse him your wife10. Thou shall not deny him of your property

Graciano Lopez-JaenaBorn on December 18, 1856 in Jaro, Iloilo.Prince of Filipino Orators.Studied at the Colegio Provincial of Jaro under the care of Father Francisco Jayme who raised him.He tried to take up medicine in UST but was rejected due to lack of the required Bachelor of Arts degree. He studied medicine at the University of Barcelona but did not finish it.

Founder and editor of the La SolidaridadFray Butod a narrative where Jaena exposed the extreme greed, laziness, cruelty, and lust of the friars.Diego Laura assumed name of Jaena when he went back to the Philippines to solicit more aid for the Propaganda Movement.Died of Tuberculosis in Barcelona, Spain at the age of 40 (January 20, 1896)

Jose Protacio RizalBorn in Calamba, Laguna on June 19, 1861.Studied elementary in Bian, under Maestro Justiniano Aquino-Cruz.He took up high school in Ateneo and his College in UST taking up Philosophy and Letters and Medicine but failed to finish.He continued his studies in Universidad Central de Madrid.

Prolific writer of poems, essay, history, novels, satire, and drama.Sa Aking Mga Kabata first poem, written when he was eight years old, urging love of native language.Mi Primera Inspiraccion (My First Inspiration) written in Ateneo, dedicated to his mother.A La Juventud Filipina (To The Filipino Youth) won first prize, written at the age of 18 when he was in UST.Ultimo Adios (Last Farewell) written at his death cell in Fort Santiago on the eve of his execution.

Novels of RizalNoli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not ) , dedicated to the MotherlandPublished in Berlin, Germany in 1887.El Filibusterismo (Treason) dedicated to GOMBURZAPublished in Ghent, Belgium in 1891.Makamisa 1891 unfinished

Executed in Bagumbayan on December 30, 1896 at the age of 35 years old.

LA SOLIDARIDAD

La SolidaridadThe well known newspaper of the propaganda.Graciano Lopez-Jaena- first editorMarcelo H. Del Pilar second editor

En Filipinas founded by Eduardo de Lete in 1887; a newspaper that was envisioned to serve as the voice of the movement.Stopped publication due to lack of funds.

LA SOLIDARIDADFounded by Graciano Lopez Jaena in Barcelona on February 15, 1889.Aims:To work peacefully for reformsTo portray the sad conditions of the Philippines so that Spain might remedy them.To promote liberal ideas and progressTo champion Filipino aspirations for democracy and happiness.

ContributorsMariano Ponce Naning, Kalipulako, TikbalangAntonio Luna Taga-IlogJose Maria Panganiban Jomapa ,JMPJose Rizal Dimas-Alang, Laong-LaanDominador Gomez Ramiro Franco

FreemasonryGraciano Lopez-Jaena established the first Filipino Masonic Lodge in Barcelona known as Revolucion. Marcelo H. Del Pilar established the Lodge Solidaridad which was recognized by the Grande Oriente EspaolJose Rizal joined Lodge Acacia, his first Masonic Lodge.Pedro Serrano Laktaw founded the first Filipino Masonic Lodge in Manila called Lodge Nilad

Associacion Hispano-FilipinoFounded by Filipino Propagandists and their Spanish friends in Madrid on January 12, 1869.Officers include:Miguel Morayta PresidentGeneral Felipe de la Corte Vice-PresidentDr. Dominador Gomez - Secretary

LA LIGA FILIPINAThe Philippine LeagueJuly 3, 1892 established by Rizal in a house at Ilaya St. Tondo, Manila Its constitution was written in HongkongAmbrosio Salvador PresidentAgustin de la Rosa FiscalBonifacio Arevalo TreasurerDeodato Arellano - Secretary

Aims of the La Liga FilipinaTo unite the whole archipelago into one compact, vigorous and homogenous bodyMutual protection in every want and necessityDefense against all violence and injusticeEncouragement of instruction, agriculture, and commerce andStudy and application of reforms

Motto: Unus Instar Omnium (One Like All)The Constitution was written by Rizal in Hong Kong.This Constitution provided for the creation of a Provincial Council for every province, and a Popular Council for every town.Every Filipino who loves the Philippines is qualified to be a member.

3 days after its establishment, Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol ordered the arrest and exile of Rizal in Dapitan.Andres Bonifacio exerted efforts to organize chapters in various districts of Manila.Due to lack of funds and Rizals arrest, the La Liga split into two groups:Cuerpo de Compromisarios pledged to continue supporting the La SolidaridadKatipunan radicals headed by Bonifacio

Some Reforms Granted by SpainAbolition of the tobacco monopoly in 1882.Abolition of the hated tribute in 1885.Creation of the office of civil governor for every regular province and making the alcalde mayor as judge of the court of first instance.Extension of the Spanish Penal Code to the Philippines in 1887.Establishment of city government in Cebu, Iloilo, Jaro, Batangas, Albay, Naga and Vigan.

END OF THE PROPAGANDATragic failure of the ReformsLa Solidaridad closed due to lack of fundsRizal was exiled in DapitanPanganiban, Jaena, and Del Pilar died in poverty