Proofreading & Editing - New Zealand Institute ofnzibs.co.nz/forms/pae/book_editing.pdf · New Zealand Institute of Business Studies, PO Box 58 696, Botany, Auckland 2163 Toll Free:

Our vision is to provide superior distance learning programmes which enable adults to earn an income and/or express their creativity

Postal Address: P O Box 58 696, Botany, Auckland 2163

Telephone: 09 272 3974 0800 80 1994 Email: [email protected] Institute House: 24 Carousel Crescent, Auckland 2016

Proofreading & Editing

Correspondence course

Proofreading and editing is an interesting, rewarding and exciting

industry. This is your opportunity to get trade training for working with

books, magazines and newspapers. Study for your diploma.

Working with words is mentally stimulating, challenging and a lot of fun. You get to work with

editors, publishers, authors and people from diverse interests and industries.

This is an ideal training course if you like reading and relish the idea of finding and correcting

other people's mistakes. If you have an objective eye and can easily spot errors in spelling and

grammar - you will enjoy this course. It will benefit your command of English even if your aim

is not to actually work in the book editing or proofreading profession.

There may be other reasons why you would want to do this course.

You could be a creative writer,

perhaps writing your first novel,

you may be a journalist or

business documents writer and

you want to improve your writing

skill level.

You may be a manager who

writes reports and proposals, or

an advertising copywriter.

You need to know what is correct

English usage.

You might also take this course

simply because you love the

English language and enjoy

working with words.

If you’ve had a good education and you enjoy reading, this is the next step forward…

New Zealand Institute of Business Studies, PO Box 58 696, Botany, Auckland 2163 Toll Free: 0800 80 1994

Tutorial 1: The world of book editing,

proofreading. How big is this

industry? Where are the

opportunities? What do editors,

and proofreaders do?

Basic tools for the job.

Useful reference books and

website. First steps in proof-

reading. Introduction to

grammar. What are style sheets?

Practice exercises.

Tutorial 2: Inside the publishing house.

Different responsibilities.

Understand the meaning of

house styles, style sheets.

Understanding grammar and

common errors. Proofreading

marks and how to use them.

Standard editing tools and

guides to correct documents.

Tutorial 3: The publishing process. The

book proposal, basic publishing

decisions, perfecting the

manuscript. The printing

process. Basic techniques for

proofreading publications.

How understanding the style

and appearance of the printed

page can improve documents

being prepared for publication.

Tutorial 4: The publishing process and

technology. How to use

technology for proofreading and

editing. Techniques for handling

electronic files. Principles for

online proofreading. How to

report electronically proofread

documents. Sample correction

reports. Understanding technical

jargon. Note: Each tutorial has an assignment. You learn best by applying what you learn, step by step.

Tutorial 5: Legal issues and relationships

in publishing. Understanding

electronic digital rights. Learn

about copyright and trademarks.

Basic definitions and implications

for publication of copyright,

trademark symbols, intellectual

property, libel and defamation,

plagiarism, moral rights.

Techniques for applying

professional objectivity and

confidentiality. Cultural issues.

Tutorial 6: Substance and structure.

Responsibilities in the

publishing house. Challenges

of self-publishing. Structuring

different styles of writing.

Challenges of structuring.

A range of mark-up techniques.

Making suggestions for changes.

Choosing the right word.

Tutorial 7: Direct and indirect referencing.

Understanding the way a book is

put together. How to proofread

or edit references. Features of

commonly used reference styles:

Harvard, Oxford and Vancouver.

Endnotes, footnotes, margin

notes. How to handle colloquial

language. Formal, standard and

informal writing.

Tutorial 8: The writer’s craft. Discover

classifications of the literary

world. Recognise writing

styles, economical writing,

jargon, clichés, similes,

metaphors, alliteration,

personification, hyperbole,

onomatopoeia, abbreviations

and acronyms. Look at the

length of sentences. Learn

how to deal with punctuation.

Tutorial 9: How to handle technical

materials. Alternative

spelling and punctuation

conventions and how to use

them. How to handle tables,

how to correct vertical

alignment, horizontal

alignment and move text.

What to look for when dealing

with photographs and captions.

Tutorial 10: Editing for completeness

and consistency in documents.

Useful tools. Develop your

own style. How to handle various

kinds of lists. Personalise your

mark up style.

Tutorial 11: Understand publishing in

the digital age. Business skills

for proofreaders. Managing

freelance projects. How to

understand the client’s needs.

Components of a project.

Preparing briefs and quotes,

learn about GST and decide

about insurance. Prepare the

stationery you need. How to

write a brief. Draw up a

confidentiality agreement

and a delivery contract.

Meet deadlines, set up service

guarantees. How to handle

conflict.

Tutorial 12: Working in the industry.

Draw up a CV. Freelancing

as a professional proofreader

and/or editor. Marketing

practices. Using advertising

to develop your business.

How to find work. Developing

contacts. Professional best

practices and self-development.

Find work on the Internet.

The benefit of joining

Graduates’ Club.

COURSE CONTENTS


This course is not only about the theory of

proof-reading and editing. It's also very

practical. You'll learn about the book industry -

from the acquisition of a manuscript through to

the final printing processes.

You will also learn how to run a freelance

editing business. How to market yourself and

your business services. How much to charge.

This course offers a genuine opportunity for

people with no previous publishing experience

to break into a rapidly growing worldwide

industry. The only qualifications you require to

do this course are:

a competent knowledge of the English

language

an interest in proofreading and editing

a genuine desire to learn new skills

the ambition to succeed.

What does a proofreader do?

The proofreader checks spelling and grammar

against the typed copy. Proofreaders also use the

same standard international proofreading marks

as copy editors. In many instances, the roles of

the freelance book editor and proofreader can

merge. Therefore it is highly advantageous to be

skilled in both areas as then the work

opportunities and financial return is greater for

you.

What does a book editor do?

Book editors (or copy editors as they are referred

to in the trade) correct errors in manuscripts and

other documents. This is brain work. Corrections

can be to grammar, spelling, punctuation,

language inconsistencies, missing text,

ambiguities of timing and dozens of other errors.

Although there are rules, guidelines and industry

standards, most editors rely heavily on instinct,

experience and the intangible extra which comes

from being avid readers.

Proofreading marks are internationally

recognised symbols like squiggles, circles,

strokes, underlines, strikeouts and so forth

you mark on the page of text using a red

pen.

The copy editor does more than a

proofreader as he or she also checks

illustration placement, caption labelling,

preliminary pages (table of contents,

publication pages, etc), and end matter such

as indexes, glossary, appendixes and

bibliography.

Merilyn Wallace –

Director of CORRECT EDITING

“My career has always involved working with

words. I began as a paralegal in a law firm where

accuracy was crucial. My role as executive assistant

in private business, education and government also

demanded skilful written communication.

“Years later, armed with an instinct for language

and with a load of business experience behind me,

the time was right to fulfil a lifelong wish to start a

business of my own. Before venturing out, I visited

my local Business Enterprise Centre (BEC). They

provided me with helpful advice and ongoing

support.

“I have enjoyed the benefits of attending business

seminars and networking functions hosted by BEC

and I highly recommend its services.

“After completing a course in editing and

proofreading, I was ready to take the plunge and

so began CORRECT EDITING, my own home-based

professional editing and proofreading service.

“Setting up the business was easy. Running it

has required a great deal of energy and persistence.

Obviously, for my business to succeed, I needed

clients. Writing my own press release for the local

newspaper triggered some interest, but I also felt it

was necessary to leap right out of my comfort zone

and talk to people. So, in addition to the BEC, I

joined the local Business Women's Network and the

Harbour Drive chapter of Business Network

International. These decisions proved to be wise

ones.

“Being a part of these organisations opened the

way to forming positive business relationships with

an assortment of (helpful) business people.

“While gaining (business) recognition and

financial reward from my business, I have enjoyed

many other benefits: making new friends, meeting

new challenges, personal growth and a sense of

achievement. The success of my young business has

so far been largely due to my involvement with these

networking groups.

“CORRECT EDITING is now in its second year.

I am planning a website, a client newsletter and

business award entries. But, with all this in mind,

the goal remains the same: to help clients produce

excellent writing that achieves its purpose; writing

that is clear, concise, correct and appealing to the

target audience.

“There is much more for me to do and learn, both

as an editor and business owner, but what a blessing

it is to be doing what I love and loving what I do.”

INTRODUCTION


ABOUT THIS COURSE

Proofreading & Editing correspondence course

comes in 12 parts. You study at home. You

choose the day and time to study which suits you

best. You do not attend classes, so travel is not

involved. Right from your first lesson, you'll be

working with your tutor learning how to edit and

proofread manuscripts, documents, articles, and

other printed material.

You will learn about grammar, style, consistency,

vocabulary differences and the subtleties of gender

and racially neutral language.

With contributions from successful editors,

proofreaders and publishers, this course will help

you develop all the skills you’ll need to achieve

success in this expanding field. You’ll learn

grammatical and structural editing, on-paper and

electronic editing (for foreign-based publishers).

You’ll learn how to start your own freelance

editing business and, most importantly, how to

get paid a good fee! Over time your ability to

mark up text, correct grammar and punctuation,

revise and suggest changes to text will develop.

You’ll become skilful and quick. As your

knowledge and skills develop so too will your

career opportunities and potential to earn decent

money.

How long does the course take?

Most students require 9 -12 months to complete this

course. But if you want to go faster or slower than

the average, we can speed up or slow down. There is

no pressure to go faster than you find comfortable.

We know you learn best when you enjoy your

studies. Tutor service is the same whether you go

fast or slow. We know every student’s circumstance

is different, so you proceed at your own pace. If

sickness or personal matters disrupt your time, you

can defer your studies for weeks or months during

your studentship. There is no penalty or

disadvantage if you delay your course. Extension to

take a second year for completion may be sought.

There maybe a further charge to cover costs.

Your tutor is local

Your personal tutor is an experienced, New Zealand-

based current or former editor, skilled in all kinds of

editing and proofreading. Students say they learn in

six months what would take ten years of trial and

error and heartache to discover by themselves.

That’s because our experienced tutors pass on every

trick of the editing profession to ensure your early

success. Your course also includes all the support

texts and materials you need to get started: editor's

marking pen, the right dictionary, and THE

MCGRAW-HILL DESK REFERENCE – and the NZ

Writers Handbook which lists hundreds of editors

and publishers by name and address – the very

people you’ll be working with.

Categories where you could find work proofreading

and editing:

Animals & Pets N.Z. Geography Art Catalogues Non-Fiction of all kinds Biographies Photography Boats, Yachts, Cars Poetry Business Magazines Recreation Children’s Stories Reference Books Computer Magazines Religion Cooking, Food & Drink School Text Books Current Affairs Science Reports Dance & Entertainment Sports of all kinds Diet & Recipe Books Software Manual Farming & Fishing Stamps & Fiction Literature Collectibles Foreign Language Books History Health & Wellbeing Humour History Home & Garden Travel Reports Tertiary Theses Maps Youth Media Military Memoirs Music

Spot the errors ...

Here is a text that has several errors. See

how many you can spot. Take the

proofreader test. Circle as many errors as

you can find.

It was the summer of 1959', the year before Jane-Marie was born, all golden an bubbling with laughter, that I first discouvered my desire for painting. It wasn't anything special that drew me to the canvas, brush in hand, just a faint need two cover the white backdrop with color. The brush moved of it's own accord - sweeping strokes of blue and splashes of yellow. Light was coming in through the small window in the garage,casting a soft glow across the canvas and filling me with a sense of renewed purpose. Until now it had seemed such an empty life, only patches of joy coloring the dull existence. No more though. Suddenly the sun was shining The canvas filled began to fill with life.


When you enrol in this Proofreading & Editing

course you will receive your first two tutorials

and editing assignments. These require about

3-4-5 hours each to master. You will receive

tutorials on a regular basis, so you always have

one on hand. Each tutorial takes you further into

the career of book editing, proofreading. You’ll

also learn how the publishing industry works.

By the completion of this course, you will

have edited a variety of documents, proofed

several book extracts, and learned the most

useful proofreading symbols. You'll have

earned your Dip. Edit Diploma. The Institute

will assist and encourage you towards finding

work in the industry or getting your own

freelance business started if that is your aim.

You'll receive a list of editors, publishers and

others who need your services. You contact

them when you feel ready.

When each assignment is returned to you,

you will receive a detailed, personal work

critique, plus advice about your proofreading

and editing techniques.

Your personal tutor will guide you

An experienced editor and mentor will be

your tutor throughout the course. You and

your tutor will work together to develop your

knowledge and skills so you can achieve a

professional level of competency in editing

and proofreading.

Some of the work areas you can aspire to include:

working with a publisher, editor, copy editor

mixing with other editors and meeting authors,

building trade relationships within the publishing

industry and on-line.

You’ll be correcting editorial and linguistic errors

(punctuation, grammar, spelling, etc.)

checking proofs and marking up text,

using proof marks

using style manuals and references

on-screen editing and electronic mark up

understanding the whole publishing process

setting up and running your own freelance

business from home.

Your tutor's role is to assess your assignments, help

you develop your skills and coach you to a level of

competency so you'll have earned your Diploma. Your

tutor will provide you with valuable feedback and

insight into every aspect of your work. You’ll get one-

on-one tuition. This can be by mail, telephone, email

or Student Discussion Board on the Internet.

Whether your

aim is to become

a professional

book editor and

proofreader or

not, your tutor

will help you

develop your

skills so you can

apply them in all

areas of your

own reading and

writing.

Some students

take this course

purely for self-

improvement.

Excellence is a

worthy goal.

There are good reasons to become a proofreader

and/or book editor

Your knowledge of the English language will improve

vastly and you will learn techniques for correcting

your own and other people's texts. With continued

development there are a number of roles you can move

into including editing, publishing, publicity,

journalism, public relations, advertising, desktop

publishing, e-publishing and creative writing.

You will be able to assist family and friends

with their studies, work documents,

manuscripts or any other writing where being

correct matters.

WHAT YOUR COURSE INCLUDES


OPPORTUNITIES

You can work full-time, part time, or just earn a

little extra income when you need it. You can fit

editing and proofreading work around the

demands of home and family. You can have a

career that is not bound by set hours, and you

don't have to go outside the home to work.

You can begin a career in editing and/or proof-

reading at any age, and continue for as long as

you enjoy it. (Minimum course entry age is 16.)

You can edit and/or proofread from any

location, town or country. You don't need to live

in the heart of a city. A telephone, computer and

Internet connection will link you to publishing

houses and businesses worldwide. You could

have clients in Matamata, Mumbai or

Melbourne. On the printed page you

have no accent! You will gain an enormous

sense of satisfaction not only from establishing a

fulfilling career, but you will experience your own

personal development. You will develop professional

relationships with people from across a range of

industries. You’ll be entitled to join professional

associations and publishing industry groups that

can lead to a network of exciting social contacts and

new friends.

The opportunities for book editing and/or

proofreading are almost unlimited

If you think there is only a limited number of

book editing and proofreading jobs out there,

think again.

There was a time when many people thought the

Internet would kill off written books. Not so. If

anything, the Internet has contributed to a

revitalised and thriving readership of books,

magazines and newspapers. What nobody

counted on, it seems, was that the Internet has

opened up the world and made information much

more accessible. E-books are now downloaded

electronically. They still need editors and

proofreaders! Paper books are bought over the

Internet in staggering numbers. This means the

price of books is now more affordable to the

average person. Booksellers are able to obtain

any title from anywhere. Publishing is thriving.

There is plenty of work for trained editors and

proofreaders.

Many new freelancers wonder how much to charge

as a text proofreader. We will show you how to

quote for jobs, so you earn a decent pay rate.

We have all under quoted a job at some time, but

when you have expert guidance, it gets easier to

quote accurately. Tip: Never give a fixed-price quote

without seeing at least a quarter of the manuscript.

If you can't check the whole document, ask for a few

sample pages from the middle or the end. (Because

the first chapter has probably been well polished by

the author, whereas the middle and end text will be

fairly raw.)

Charging an hourly rate:

Most freelancers have an hourly rate they use to

calculate a quote for an editing or proofreading job.

Tip: Most freelancers don't have a single hourly rate.

What you charge per hour

varies depending on the job,

how complex the text is, how

familiar you are with the

subject, whether prior

specialised knowledge is

required, how quickly you

work, how much you want to

do the work, what the delivery deadline is etc.

Other factors are any on-going relationship

with the client, the state of the manuscript

including the quality of the writing, and any

complicated formatting or formulae.

A Poem by Anon

I have a spelling chequer It came with my pea sea It plainly marquees for my revue Miss steaks eye cannot sea.

When eye strike a quay, right a word I weight four it two say Whether eye am wrong oar wright It shows me strait a weigh.

As soon as a mist ache is maid It nose bee four two late And eye can put the error rite It's rarely, rarely grate. I've run this poem threw it I'm shore your pleased two no Its letter perfect in its weigh My chequer told me sew My chequer tolled me sew.

This poem is an amusing tale which shows why people can’t rely on their computer spellchecker to

correct their work.

PRICING AND QUOTING


Charging by the page

You’ll get requests from people who tell you

how many pages their document is. They’ll

assure you the quality of text is outstanding. But

unless you have seen a sizeable portion of the

text, page numbers don't tell you much. An A4

page may have 250 well written words in 12

point Times, double-spaced. Or it can have 550

poorly-written words in Arial Narrow, single-

spaced. When you have seen what the

manuscript consists of, you can prepare your

quote. If the client prefers to pay you by the

page, fine. We show you how to work out what

you need to charge by the page, based on your

hourly rate.

It’s not just the words on a page

We show you how to add a percentage for extra

work like checking facts, making or responding

to telephone calls and emails, and other relevant

tasks besides straight proofreading work. A five-

minute phone call about an unrelated item can

cost you up to 30 minutes in finding and

supplying required information.

During this course you will discover how much

work you can actually do in a working day. It’s

different for everyone. For a fulltime editor, it

might be 7-8 hours. Whereas a mother working

part-time might be happy to achieve 3-4 hours.

When the client asks you to quote

What do you say when people ask for ‘a ballpark

figure’? Soon you’ll know how to estimate

accurately. Until then, be careful. Unless you

have seen the manuscript and even if you have

edited similar material for the same client in the

past, you can only guess how long it will take to

edit. Remember, people believe your ‘ballpark

figure’ is accurate. Estimate too high and you

won’t get the work. Quote too low and you’ll be

working for peanuts. Finding out how to charge

correctly for your work could recover the cost of

this course in your first few editing jobs.

How fast should you be working?

There is no set answer to this question. It

depends on your knowledge of the document's

subject, whether you are a quick and disciplined

worker, the quality of the manuscript, any

formatting of pages, the number of words on a

page, how much fact-checking you need to do,

how many questions you need to ask the author

or project manager, the number of mid-job

interruptions you get from the client etc. Some

parts of a job may require an hour for just one

page. Other times you may be able to edit 6-10

pages an hour.

What reasonable questions should you ask a

client?

When do you want the work done?

What is your budget for this?

Can I charge you by the hour?

By the number of words?

How much of the manuscript can I see before I

quote?

Who is the contact person for queries?

Do you want handwritten changes on a printout,

an emailed list of corrections, or editorial

changes made to electronic copy?

Will I need to attend meetings?

Can I charge for attendance?

Do you reimburse me for expenses? Or do I build

them into my quote?

Can I make progress charges?

You’ll need to know how to handle all of the

above when you have your own freelance editing

and proofreading business.

What should you put in a written quote?

You’ll learn what to include and what to show as

extras. You’ll also know when to specify what

you won't be doing within your price. There’s a

lot to learn, so get it right from the start.

This industry is huge!

In New Zealand, 645 publishers produced around

3600 different books in a typical year. Each book

needed checking. NZ magazines (650 local titles)

and newspapers are a $1400 million pa industry.

Publishing is a big employer.

In Australia the publishing industry produces

around 114 million books, worth A$1369million.

In USA 65,000 different book titles are produced

each year.

Add to these figures press releases, blogs,

websites, newsletters and bulletins.

Don’t overlook the need for skilled editors and

proofreaders by trade journals, paper-shuffling

industries like insurance and freight; plus private

clients who want their websites, annual reports,

newsletters, catalogues and blogs to be free of

embarrassing errors.

Are you beginning to realise how big the

proofreading market is? All of these books,

magazines and journals need to be edited and

spell-checked before publication. To meet this

huge demand publishers rely heavily on freelance

workers. All they want to know is; “Can you

make this text error free?” “How much is your

fee?” “How soon can you do it?”

PRICING AND QUOTING


All students are invited to participate in NZIBS activities. These include the online Student

Discussion Board, which is like a senior common room where students post e-messages,

share their proofreading experiences and ask questions. Anyone (tutors or students) can

answer these questions. There are ten different monthly competitions for students, with no

entry fee.

Chat-To-Your-Tutor-Day happens every 2-3 months when each

student can enjoy a one-on-one conversation with their tutor, by

telephone. This is toll-free within New Zealand.

Your own student ID clearly states your credentials and provides

a useful and important form of identification. Use it to gain student discounts and travel

concessions

When you graduate from this Proofreading & Editing course you will be awarded a Diploma of

Proofreading & Editing. You’ll be recognised as a competent book editor and proofreader, with specialised

knowledge of the publishing industry. In short, a very employable person.

To boldly go, where no man has gone before

Did you know this famous line from STAR TREK

contains a split infinitive? How should it read?

‘To go boldly, where no man has gone before ...’

But that doesn't have quite the same ring to it,

does it? Sometimes, correct grammar doesn't

result in the best impact on readers.

Editors will always need the human touch!

GRADUATION

STUDENT SERVICES


Our vision is to provide superior distance learning programmes which enable adults to earn an income and/or express their creativity.

The New Zealand Institute of Business Studies was founded in 1991. The Institute is a New

Zealand organisation teaching to international standards and recognised as a leader in the field

of distance learning.

The Institute welcomes students from all over New Zealand and worldwide.

Meet our people:

Principal Dr Liza Pujji PhD (University of Auckland)

BE Hons (University of Auckland)

Registrar Dr Harry Singh PhD (University of Otago)

MA (University of California)

Academic Administrator Julie Benns BASc (Auckland University of Technology)

Student Advisory officer Wendy Kissel BA (University of Canterbury)

TESOL (Christchurch College of Education)

Tutors:

Jill Malcolm

Jill Malcolm

David Pardon

David Pardon

Tina Shaw

Tina Shaw

Tina Shaw

Tina Shaw

Joan Rosier-Jones

Brian Miller

Robert van de Voort

Janice Marriott

Janice Marriott

Dick Ward

Val Gyde Katrien Brown Phil Linklater

Phil Linklater

Jean Drew

Administration:

Postal address

Registered office

Telephone

Toll free

Mobile / WhatsApp

Email

Bank

Freelance Journalism

Freelance Travel Writing

Sports Journalism

English Language Writing Skills

Creative Writing

Short Story Writing

Mystery/Thriller Writing

Write Your First Novel

Write your Family History

Digital Photography for Beginners

Freelance Digital Photography

Writing Stories for Children

Writing Poetry



Proofreading & Editing Modern Day Communication,

Life Coaching

Write Your First Romance Novel

P O Box 58 696, Botany, Auckland 2163

24 Carousel Crescent, Auckland 2016

09 272 3974

0800 80 1994

021801508

[email protected]

ANZ Highbrook, 8 Business Parade S, Auckland 2013

ABOUT THE INSTITUTE


Our Tutors - Team of Experts

New Zealand Institute of Business Studies

Enrolment Application Form

Postal address: PO Box 58 696, Botany, Auckland 2163 Tel 09 272 3974 0800 80 1994 Email: [email protected]


EDIT

Student’s full name:

Preferred first name:

Address:

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Date of birth: / / Sex: Male / Female Email:

Please enrol me in the Correspondence Course: Proofreading & Editing

For the next course start date please call 0800 80 1994 or email [email protected]

Course Fee = $2950 including gst

PAY NOW $2700 incl gst at commencement and SAVE $250.00

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Or Internet Banking: Please phone 0800 80 1994 for NZIBS bank account number and reference.

Or Cheque: Please make cheque payable to NZIBS.

PAY BY INSTALMENT $450 deposit and $250 per month for 10 months = $2950

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your course acceptance letter.

Or Cheque: Please make cheque(s) payable to NZIBS.

Please read and sign the Terms & Conditions on the following page.


Enrolment Application Form

Postal address: PO Box 58 696, Botany, Auckland 2163 Tel 09 272 3974 0800 80 1994 Email: [email protected]


Terms and Conditions

Student fees are for the duration of the course which is deemed to be one year following

your start date. If you have not completed your course by this time, an extension can be

granted at the discretion of the Principal. Fees do not include computer or photographic

equipment.

A GST receipt will be issued for all fees paid.

Terms & Conditions: It is mutually agreed:

1. You may examine the first tutorials of the course for 28 days.

If you decide for any reason whatsoever not to proceed you will receive a refund, less $450

initial pack costs, if you have paid your fees in full.

If a deposit only has been paid the student will keep the supplied pack and no more fees are

payable. The studentship contract will be deemed as cancelled.

2. NZIBS reserves the right to decline this application in which case all money paid will be

refunded.

3. If your application is accepted by the Institute, you undertake to make full payment of course fees

in the manner described.

4. At the successful conclusion of this course, provided you have met the required standards of

tuition, you will receive your graduation documentation from the Institute.

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The importance of

good grammar Graduates Club Newsletter #802

By Michael McCarthy. Abridged. Reproduced for educational purposes.

Tell people over dinner you

have spent seven years

writing a book on geology

and you might generate polite

questions about fossils while

waiting for the pudding.

Tell them you have spent

seven years writing a

grammar textbook of the

English language and calm,

rational human beings

break out in valve-bursting

apoplexy.

Opinions will flow faster

than the Chardonnay.

What is it about grammar

that generates such heat?

Well, we don't all do

geology, but we all do

grammar, all the time.

Grammar is something we

care about, sometimes for

good reasons, other times for

downright dotty reasons.

Let's get the dotty ones out

of the way first. People get

upset about split infinitives,

prepositions ending sentences,

speech habits such as saying

“dunno” and “gunna” and

“aks” instead of ask.

There is the greengrocer's

apostrophe ("carrot's $1.85

kg"). Using a singular verb

when logic demands a plural

("there's five boys in the

band"). Double negatives

("I haven't done nothing") and

so on.

We can understand the

meanings of most of these as

long as they're used in an

appropriate context. We know

exactly what people mean

when they say or write them

and often they're a mark of

local dialect, of relaxed

informal styles.

In the case of "there is"

followed by a plural, it is a

genuine example of grammar

on the move, changing before

our eyes and ears.

A check on transcripts of BBC

programmes will reveal "there is"

followed by a plural from the lips

of prime minister Tony Blair and

leading journalists who work for

the BBC itself.

So, getting upset about this is

just plain silly. "There is" plus

plural is here to stay. It's the

white butterfly of grammar.

Double negatives can be heard

and read all the time, from all

social strata.

Recently I heard: "I wouldn't

be surprised if we didn't get a

green-friendly budget this time

around". And: "I don't know of

anyone who hasn't been to Rome

who doesn't long to go back".

English is very good at double

negatives. But we understand the

intended meaning, so let's

celebrate its versatility.

People also get disproportion-

ately upset about foreign word

imports, often introduced

through American television

shows such as Friends

"How fabulous is that!" and

"I am so not going to do that!"

Grammar changes over time.

We don't use the same grammar

as Chaucer so, again, let's not be

silly about it changing during

our tenure.

But are there things we

really should be getting upset

about? Probably, though

grammarians try not to get upset,

preferring instead to explain the

issues.

But what about university

students not knowing what a

noun is or writing ‘could of’

instead of ‘could have’? This

simply reveals a lack of basic

knowledge of how the English

language works. It also shows an

ignorance of the relationship

between speech and writing.

But whose fault is this? Maybe

it's the fault of professional

educators, for jumping on and

off fashionable educational

bandwagons.

Or perhaps there is so much

other PC dross on the national

educational curriculum that

teaching how language works

gets sidelined.

But let me give you an

example of something you really

should get upset about. One

major airline plays a pre-

recorded message just before

takeoff which includes the

following words: “Use of laptop

computers and battery-operated

equipment can be used once

airborne and the fasten seatbelts

sign has been switched off.”

This is simply bad grammar,

the worst there is. The repetition

of "use" in the subject and

"used" as a verb is lazy, sloppy

communication rather than a

violation of some sacred rule.

The amazing thing is, no one at

the airline seems to have

noticed. This is not speech-in-

action, so there is no excuse.

Think of its provenance. This

message was first written down,

shown to a supervisor, then

approved by a committee, then

carefully recorded by a

professional voice actor.

Grammar matters deeply when

it's a question of good and bad

communication. What we should

be teaching is not a set of

prescriptions that people won't

remember anyway, but how

grammar weaves threads into the

tapestry of meaning and how easily

those threads can become snagged.

It's not a question of following

grammar rules, but a question of

understanding what communication

means and how it works.

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