PronounsPronouns

A pronounpronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun or of a group of words acting as a noun.

EXAMPLE: Phil feeds his deer at 4:30 every day.

Angie answers her phone 1,000 times a day.

Trying to get an A in English is hard work. It takes a lot of effort.

Football players bruise their bodies easily.

Antecedents of PronounsAntecedents of PronounsAn antecedentantecedent is the noun (or group of words acting as a noun) for which a pronoun stands. It is who or what the pronoun is talking about.

EXAMPLE:

Phil feeds his deer at 4:30 every day.

Angie answers her phone 1,000 times a day.

Trying to get an A in English is hard work. It takes a lot of effort.

Football players bruise their bodies easily.

I, me, my, mine We, us, our, ours

You, your, yours You, your, yours

He, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its

They, them, their, theirs

Personal PronounsPersonal Pronouns

Personal pronouns refer to 1. the person speaking, 2. the person spoken to or, 3. the person, place, or thing spoken about

1st person

2nd person

Third person

Demonstrative PronounsDemonstrative Pronouns

Singular Plural

This, that These, those

A demonstrative pronoundemonstrative pronoun points out a specific person, place, or thing.

EXAMPLES:

This is the book I chose.

Those are my new friends.

Of all my shirts, these are my favorite.

Relative PronounsThat which who whom whose

A relative pronoun begins a subordinate clause and connects it to another idea in the same sentence

Independent Clause Subordinate Clause

Here is the book that Betsy lost.

Dino bought our old house,

which needs many repairs.

She is a singer who has an unusual range.

Is this the man whom you saw earlier?

She is the one whose house has a fire alarm.

Interrogative Pronouns

• An interrogative pronoun is used to begin a question.

What which who whom whose

What is your chores to do at home?

I found my socks. Whose is in the laundry basket?

Indefinite Pronouns

• An indefinite pronouns refers to people, places, or things, often without specifying which ones.

SINGULARSINGULAR PLURALPLURAL BOTHBOTH

Another, anybody, anything, anyone, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, little, much, neither, nobody, no one, nothing, one, other, somebody, someone, something

Both, few, many, others, several

All, any, more, most, none, some

Review of Pronouns

1. Technology is expanding. We use it every day.

2. She is my best friend.

3. He or she is the one who is on the other side of this conversation.

4. Everyone thinks school is cool.

Recognizing Cases of Personal Pronouns

NominativeNominative

ObjectiveObjective

PossessivePossessive

Nominative Case Use in a sentence

I, we, you, he, she, it, they Subject of a verb

Predicate pronoun

Objective Case Use in a sentence

Me, us, you, him, her, it, them

Direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition

Possessive Case Use in a sentence

My, mine, our, ours, your, yours, his, her, hers, its, their,theirs

To show ownership

The Three Cases of Personal The Three Cases of Personal PronounsPronouns

Nominative CaseUSES OF NOMINATIVE PRONOUNS:1. Subject of a verb

EXAMPLE: He is the star of the show. With great effort, they lifted the car.

2. Predicate pronouns follow linking verbs (was, were, am, are, be, been, have, had, etc.)EXAMPLE:The smartest students are she and John.

Use the nominative case when the pronoun is part of a compound subject.

EXAMPLES: John and I; Cody and he

To check if you are using the nominative pronoun correctly, use the pronoun with the verb.

John and (I/me) played checkers. CHECK: I played or me played

Objective Uses of Objective pronouns:

1. Direct object

EXAMPLE: Caitlin and I gave him the flag.

Sally played on the team with him and me.

2. Indirect object

EXAMPLE: Give her the plate of spaghetti.

My son taught him to play the guitar.

3. Object of a preposition (THINK OF A BOX)

EXAMPLE: The students gathered around her.

He cried in front of me.

Objective

When a compound object (John and me) is used check the pronoun to make sure it is used correctly.

Use the pronoun with the rest of the sentence.

Brad Pitt sat beside Susie and (I/me).

Brad Pit sat beside I or me.

ME

PossessiveThis is the easiest of all cases of pronouns.

USES OF POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS:

1. To show possession.

EXAMPLE: Is the 100 dollar bill yours or hers?

ITS does not have an apostrophe when used at a possessive pronoun.

EXAMPLE: It’s going to storm outside.

The dog loved its new toy.