Prologue

PROLOGUE

Brian Fleming Thesis Prep

Prof. Amy YurkoDec_07_2012

TABLE OF CONTENTS010203040506070809101112131415161718192021222324252627282930

INTRODUCTION

THESIS STATEMENT

GOALS + GUIDELINES

STAKEHOLDERS

PRECEDENTS

QUALITATIVE PARAMETERS

SITE SELECTION/ANALYSIS

QUANITITATIVE PARAMETERS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Inner City Arts

TechShop

Kiosk

La Fabrique

Percent of manufacturing jobs lost in Chicago from 1980-2000:

27.8%and again from 2000-2010:

36.4%

*Source: The Brookings Institute - Locating American Manufacturing

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Between the start of 2010 and the end of 2011, the number of manufacturing jobs in Chicago has grown by...

2.3%yet, during the same time, the national average grew by...

2.7%

*Source: The Brookings Institute - Locating American Manufacturing - www.brookings.edu

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“Computers amplify human potential: they not only give people the power to create, but can also spread their ideas quickly, creating communities, markets, even movements...”

*Source: Makers - Chris Anderson - page 14

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Source: www.iaacblog.com07 06

“Transformative change happens when industries democratize, when they’re ripped from the sole domain of companies, governments, and other institutions and given over to regular folks...

... Lower the barriers to entires and the crowds pour in...

... That’s the power of democratization: it puts the tools in the hands of those who know best how to use them. We all have our own needs, our own expertise, our own ideas. If we are all empowered to use tools to meet those needs, or modify them with our own ideas, we will collectively find the full range of what a tool can do...

... The Internet democratized publishing, broadcasting, and communications, and the consequence was a massive increase in the range of both participation and participants in everything digital...

... Now the same is happening to manufacturing...”

*Source: Makers - Chris Anderson - page 63

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Over the course of the next ten years, the Internet is expected to democratize manufacturing as it has already democratized mass media and commerce. Central to this paradigm shift will be further development of digital fabrication tools, including, but not limited to, 3D Printers, CNC Machines, Laser Cutters, Plasma Cutters, and 3D Scanners. Though some of these tools were invented decades ago, the cost associated with the products they produced had proven prohibitive for effective manufacturing until recently.

As production prices continue to drop, and more people come to use digital fabrication software, there is expected to be a boom in grassroots manufacturing across the globe. This project responds to this growing trend through the creation of a manufacturing business incubator and public design forum that will work hand in hand to put the necessary tools in the hands of people looking to translate their unique ideas into tangible objects for their own use or for sale to the larger public. Though this particular project is sited in downtown Chicago, the concept can easily be applied in any location that has creative minds, access to raw materials, and enough economic strength to help small business entrepreneurs get their projects off of drawing boards and into marketplaces.

The nature of this type of project comes with a number of variables and unknowns. This Maker Movement is still in its nascent stages and is still gaining the critical mass that will ensure its long-term success. In recognizing this hurdle, the project will be designed in phases and iterations in order to respond to the needs of the workspaces and its patrons at a certain time. Though daunting at first glance, this factor turns the design at hand into a game of modularity and growth through accretion - permanence vs. temporality. Underlying all of this is the recognition that workshops tend to to be utilitarian in nature, for they exist for a clear functioning purpose. Prologue will work to morph the norm of the workshop into architectural space - useful, structurally sound, yet also evocative in nature - in order to foster a unique sense of place in the heart of Chicago.

CASE STATEMENT

Prologue is a prototype for a manufacturing business incubator and public design forum that aims to democratize the means of fabrication (both traditional and digital) in order to allow the public to share and develop concepts, then bring their ideas from sketchbooks through to unique, tangible products. If successful, this prototype can be readily implanted in other cities across the country as a means to further open the design and manufacturing industries to the public.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

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small business advisor

product rep

builder hobbyist

IT specialist entrepreneur

industrial designer

medical prostheticianarchitect

students

mentors

dreamer

shop tech

fashion designer

inventor

school children

furniture maker

software developer

engineer

graphic designer

artist

general contractor

advertisermaterials engineer rapid prototyper

neighborhood residents

teacher

consultant blogger

sculptorresearchermodel maker

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Building OwnerHolds legal right to purchase existing building and redevelop it into a public design forum/digital fabrication shop; ultimate decision making authority.

Designers/Fabrication Business Entrepreneurs/PublicThe primary target group for the finished project. In search of a place where they can bring their ideas from conception to production. Will need an evocative space that has both flexibility and utility.

Small-Business Incubator WorkstaffRequire a space that allows them to advise, train, and interact with people looking to start their own small business. Access to the community and technology is crucial to their success.

Fabrication Shop Managers and TechniciansRequire a shop floor that meets all building and safety codes, and is readily accessible, easily modified, and simple to maintain.

Neighbors to the SiteConcerned about their respective property values and how they will be affected by this project.

Building Code OfficialsConcerned about the project’s adherence to the Chicago Building Code, in particular with safety and accessibility

Hardware/Software ManufacturersThe group that will provide the tools and methods that the designers will use within the building. Concerned with the needs of the designers and what materials they will need to bring their projects to fruition.

ConsumerInterested in the site’s accessibility, as well as the products it will manufacture. The consumer will use the space to commune, explore, learn, fabricate, and shop.

Old Town ResidentConcerned about how the project will potentially change the dynamic of their neighborhood, and hopeful that it will provide new jobs and economic opportunity for locals.

STAKEHOLDERS

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INNER-CITY ARTSArchitect: Michael Maltzan Location: Los Angeles, CAProgram: School for the ArtsArea: 23 000 sfStatus: Built (1993-2008)Cost: $9.2 millionSources: www.moma.org www.mmaltzan.com Public Architcture Now! Relevance:

community-based arts project built in three phases to better respond to shifting demands.

designed to allow ~10,000 inner-city children access to the fine arts.Description:Maltzan’s plan allows for extreme flexibility. While the campus is fairly compact, pivoting partitions, multiuse spaces, and roll-up doors allow for the quick adaptation of space to fit the institution’s needs, which shift throughout the day. The courtyard is a central element for gathering and circulation; all the buildings are oriented toward it.

Cuts and setbacks along the campus perimeter create an exterior that is connected with its surroundings, not sealed off from them. In the interior of the complex, there are accordant private spaces for developing art projects and public areas in which to share, perform, and interact.

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1995 2005

2008today

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TECHSHOPFounder: Jim Newton Locations: Menlo Park, CA San Francisco, CA San Jose, CA Detroit, MI Raleigh-Durham, NC (planned) Brooklyn, NY Austin, TXProgram: Rentable Workshop Area: ~15 200 sf eachFounded: 2006Membership: $99-$175/month* $999-$1350/year* *varies by locationSources: www.techshop.ws www.forbes.com

Relevance:

hi tech workspaces and basic business facilities for rent by the month or year.

Description:TechShop is a playground for creativity, with for everyone. Part fabrication and prototyping studio, part hackerspace, part learning center, TechShop offers access to over $1 million worth of professional equipment and software.

Each of the facilities includes laser cutters, plastics and electronics labs, machine shop, wood shop, metal-working shop, textile studio, welding stations, and even waterjet cutters. Members have open access to all the design software one could need, featuring the entire Autodesk Design Suite. Huge project areas with large work tables are available for completing projects and collaborating with others.

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KIOSKDesigner: UNFOLD Location: Antwerpen (BE)Program: Design SamplerElements: Bicycle + 3D Printer + 3D ScannerStatus: Built (2011)Sources: www.unfold.be Relevance:

bike / fablab gives the public a first-hand look at the possibilities of 3D printing + digital fabrication.

mobility = visiblity

Description:Kiosk is a project that explores a near future scenario in which digital fabricators are so ubiquitous, that we see them appear on street corners, just like fast food today is sold in NY style mobile food stalls.

By combining a bicycle, a 3D printer, and a 3D scanner, whoever is driving the Kiosk has the potential of taking any small object (about one cubic foot max.), scanning it into a software that recreates it digitally, modifying it as they see fit, then fabricating the creation in a high quality plastic. This is an incredibly useful tool for rapid prototyping, and an even more useful tool for drawing the attention of the greater public.

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LA FABRIQUEArchitect: TETRARC Location: Nantes (FR)Program: offices + theater+ recording studiosArea: 77 750 sfStatus: Built (2011)Sources: www.tetrarc.fr www.architizer.com www.designboom.com

Relevance:

the use of carefully placed public area used to fill the gap between studios + theaters and office space, effectively blurring the lines between the two.

took advantage of an existing bunker that was turned into a performance space.

Description:Situated on the once heavily-industrialized Ile de Nantes, La Fabrique takes advantage of existing infrastructure to weave public space, performance space, recording space, and office space all into one striking entity. The main portion of the building is perched atop a former bomb shelter, and houses two amphitheatrs (one at 1,200 seats, the other at 400), 16 recording and experimentation studios, offices, and an array of cafés, restaurants, and public porches.

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1 // create an evocative work/production space throughout the project

2 // design a space that is well-equipped and accessible so that all chicagoans may take advantage of it.

3 // to be sustainable, the project must recognize when it should grow new spaces and lose superfluous ones. Though a design will be created for the entire entity, it should be implemented in phases, as is seen necessary.

4 // When designing spaces, consider trends in the development of digital fabrication technology, and what needs they will present in the future.

5 // Assume that in the later phases of the project, the building will be able to self-fabricate. This means it can produce everything from the structure to the envelope under human direction.

6 // Use the act of creation as a means to celebrate the community that forms around it. utilize public gathering, and exhibition spaces as the heart and voice of Prologue.

7 // Reverse the standard of introverted workspaces by creating visual connections through differing program elements.

8 // Alongside production workspaces, there will be a certain number of administrative workspaces that can be used by entrepreneurs as a means to strengthen their fledgling businesses.

9 // Exterior space should be as important as interior space.

10 // Take advantage of the sun to light interior spaces. Consider using passive ventialtion where possible to maintain good air quality, particularly in the workshop spaces.

PROJECT GUIDELINES

+QUALITATIVE PARAMETERS

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*

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS41°54’22”N 87°31’33”W

SITE SELECTION AND ANALYSIS

north ave

division st

clybourn ave

lakeshore drive

state st

clark st

lasalle st

halsted st

larrabee st

mohaw

k st

_site located in the Old Town portion of the near north neighborhood.

_bordered on the north by vacant residential lots, clybourn avenue to the southwest, mohawk street to the east, and larrabee to the west

_area:87,800 square feet

_within a half mile each of the north&clybourn, sedgewick, and clark& division L-trains, as well as several bus lines.

_situated close to high- and low-income areas, ensuring equal access to both communities.

_very close to well established retail corridors, which could prove helpful to designers looking to sell their wares to specialty stores.

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main roads

Lclark&div

LL

sedgwickn&clybourn

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cta lines

heavily residential

heavily industrial

mixed-use/retail

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digital fabrication5 000 sf

traditional fabrication5 000 sf

rentable storage2 400 sf

dock600 sf

collaborativeworkroom1 500 sf

exhibition1 500 sf

retail1 500 sf

materials 600sf

prints 600sf

media 600sf

media 600sf

media 600sf

media 600sf

class. 600sf

class. 600sf

conf.300sf

conf.300sf

conf.300sf

conf.300sf

studio400sf

studio400sf

studio400sf

studio400sf

studio400sf

studio400sf

staff offices1 500 sf

QUANTITATIVE PARAMETERS

ELEMENTtraditional fabrication workshop

digital fabrication workshop

rentable storage

retail

exhibition

collaborative workroom

staff offices

printshop

materials shop

multimedia lab

rentable studio

conference

classroom

loading dock

AREA5 000sf

5 000sf

2 400sf

1 500sf

1 500sf

1 500sf

150sf each

600sf

600sf

600sf each

400sf each

300sf each

600sf each

l600sf

QUANTITY1

1

1

1

1

1

10

1

1

4

4

4

2

1

TOTALS5 000

5 000

2 400

1 500

1 500

1 500

1 500

600

600

2 400

1 600

1 200

1 200

600

= 26 600sf

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public private




dock600 sf


exhibition1 500 sf

retail1 500 sf

materials 600sf

prints 600sf

media 600sf

class. 600sf

conf.300sf

studio400sf


fabrication business




dock600 sf


exhibition1 500 sf

retail1 500 sf

materials 600sf

prints 600sf

media 600sf

class. 600sf

conf.300sf

studio400sf


closed opened




dock600 sf


exhibition1 500 sf

retail1 500 sfmaterials

600sf

prints 600sf

media 600sf

class. 600sf

conf.300sf

studio400sf


BIBLIOGRAPHY

GENERAL MEDIA 1. Anderson, Chris. Makers – The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Crown Publishing. 2012.

2. Lisa Harouni: A Primer on 3D Printing. TED Conferences, LLC. Posted January 2012. Last accessed Novmber 13, 2012. http://www.ted.com/talks/lisa_harouni_a_ primer_on_3d_ printing.html.

3. Excell, John; Nathan, Stuart. The Rise of Additive Manufacturing. The Engineer. Posted May 24, 2010. Last Accessed September 13, 2012. http://www.theengineer.co.uk/in-depth/ the-big-story/the-rise-of-additive-manufacturing/1002560. article.

4. National Business Incubation Association (NBIA) Website. NBIA. Last updated December 1, 2012. Last Accessed December 1, 2012. www.nbia.org

5. Case Studies. Digital Forming, Ltd. Last Accessed September 13. 2012. http://www.digitalforming.com/case-studies.html

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PRECEDENTS 1. Jodidio, Philip. Public Architecture Now!. Cologne: Taschen. 2010. Pages 254-257

2. Small Scale, Big Change – Inner City Arts. MoMa. 2010. http:// www.moma.org/interactives/exhibitions/2010/ smallscalebigchange/projects/inner_city_arts

3. Michael Maltzan Architecture. Inner-City Arts. 2009. http://www. mmaltzan.com/projects/inner-city-arts/

4. TechShop. TechShop – Build Your Dreams Here. TechShop, Inc. 2006. www.techshop.ws

5. McCue, TJ. Ford Inventors Unleash Innovation at TechShop. Forbes. 2012. http://www.forbes.com/sites/ tjmccue/2012/05/08/ford-inventors-unleash-innovation-at- techshop/

6. Unfold – Projects – Kiosk. Unfold Design Studio. 2012. http://www. unfold.be/pages/projects/items/kiosk-20

9. Tetrarc Architectes. La Fabrique. 2011. http://www.tetrarc.fr/ projet-4-27-15

10. Project – La Fabrique – Tetrarc Architectes. Architizer. 2011. http://www.architizer.com/en_us/projects/view/la- fabrique/37903/#.UMAq7qW5fzI.

11. DB, Lauren. Tetrarc Architectes: La Fabrique. Designboom. 2012. http://www.designboom.com/architecture/tetrarc- architectes-la-fabrique/.

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PROLOGUE

Documents

Prologue