Projeto Comenius " Life-Giving Water"

This project has been funded with support from the European Commission.This publication [communication] reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Escola Secundária de Almeida Garrett

Comenius " Life-Giving Water"

Water Analysis

Materials:

Procedure of the experiment

• 3 beakers with different types of water: river water, tap water and rain water:

• 6 graduate recipient;

• pH meter

• dropper

• Measurement of pH• Hardness

Escola Secundária de Almeida Garrett

Comenius " Life-Giving Water"

Water Analysis

Measurement of pH

Water Sample pHDouro river 7,01

Tap water 8,26

Rain water 7,54

Tap water pH values should be 6,0<pH<9,5

Escola Secundária de Almeida Garrett

Comenius " Life-Giving Water"

Water Analysis

HardnessHard waters are generally considered

to be those waters that require

considerable amounts of soap to

produce a foam

The soap-consuming capacity is most important because of economic

aspects and because of the difficulty encountered in obtaining

suitable conditions for optimum cleansing.

Escola Secundária de Almeida Garrett

Comenius " Life-Giving Water"

Water Analysis

Hardness

Water Sample NumberDouro river 1

Tap water 2

Rain water 3

Escola Secundária de Almeida Garrett

Comenius " Life-Giving Water"

Water Analysis

The hardness of waters varies considerably from place to place

Hard waters

Average hardness

Soft waters