$orma% or In&orma%#
Wat %earning en'ironment "ou%d !ou pre&er# Le(ture)*ased
or intera(ti'e#
Wou%d !ou %i+e oters to ta%+ on te pone during te
program#
Setting Standards Not a training program
Tis is an E,PERIENCE - Learning E.perien(e &or ALL
o& us
/e read! to gi'e and re(ei'e (onstru(ti'e (riti(ism
Write ONL0 "at !ou "ant to remem*er %ater
Not more tan 23 points
“The Only Barrier to
Assume You Already
Preparation
Pro4e(t Intro
Wat is a Pro4e(t
Pro4e(t 5e6nition 7 8A temporar! endea'or underta+en to (reate a
uni9ue produ(t: ser'i(e or resu%t8 $eatures
Temporar!7 ;as a 6nite duration: pro4e(t (eases "en its
o*4e(ti'e is a(ie'ed< 5oes not mean sort duration< Norma%%!:
te produ(t=ser'i(e "i%% out%i'e te pro4e(t
1ni9ue 7 5oing someting tat as not *een done ear%ier
Progressi'e E%a*oration7 85e'e%oping in steps: and (ontinuing in
in(rements8< 5e'e%opment o& detai%s progressi'e%!
En'ironment Constant%! (anging
Pre(edes Operations
Per&ormed *! peop%e
5iferen(es7 Operations7 Ongoing: repetiti'e: ne(essar!
&or sustaining te *usiness
Pro4e(ts7 Temporar!: uni9ue<
Pro4e(ts and Strategi( P%anning Pro4e(ts are used to a(ie'e
strategi( p%ans
App%i(ation o& Kno"%edge ?e<g< 5omain
areas
) Parma(euti(a%: (onstru(tion: et(<@
S+i%%s ?Managing@
Pro4e(t a(ti'ities ?e<g Time Management: Cost Management:
et(<@
Te GOAL Pro4e(t o*4e(ti'es
PM is a((omp%ised troug pro(esses Prepare - P%an - E.e(ute )
C%ose
Pro4e(t "or+ t!pi(a%%! in'o%'es Identi&!ing
re9uirements
5e6ning o*4e(ti'es
/a%an(ing te (ompeting demands &or S(ope: Time: Cost:
and Bua%it!
Managing sta+eo%ders
W! Pro4e(t Management#
To enan(e te pro*a*i%it! o& pro4e(t su((ess To
&o(us on o*4e(ti'es ) S(ope: Time: Cost: Bua%it! Ris+
$or efe(ti'e response to rapid (anges To manage efe(ti'e
uti%i>ation o& resour(es To address sta+eo%ders
interests To manage ris+s efe(ti'e%! A(ie'e $inan(ia%
E(ien(!
Pro4e(t Cost
Pro4e(t Time
It de6nes Wat "or+ to do in ea(
pase
Wo a%% are in'o%'ed in ea( pase
;o" to manage ea( pase
se9uentia%
Cost and stang are %o" at te start: pea+ in te midd%e and
are %o" again
Ris+ is ig at te start and s%o"%! de(%ines
Pro4e(t Pases
Preparaing 5e6nes and autori>es te pro4e(t or a pro4e(t
pase
Panning 5e6nes and re6nes o*4e(ti'es: and p%ans te (ourse
o& a(tions re9uired to attain te
o*4e(ti'es and s(ope tat te pro4e(t "as underta+en to address
E.e(uting Integrates peop%e and oter resour(es to (arr! out
te pro4e(t management p%an &or te
pro4e(t
Regu%ar%! measures and monitors progress to identi&!
'arian(es &rom te pro4e(t management p%an so tat (orre(ti'e
a(tion (an *e ta+en "en ne(essar! to meet pro4e(t o*4e(ti'es
C%osing $orma%i>es te a((eptan(e o& te produ(t:
ser'i(e or resu%t: and *rings te pro4e(t or a pro4e(t
pase to an order%! end
Pro4e(t Carter
Te do(ument tat &orma%%! autori>es te pro4e(t
Autori>es Pro4e(t Manager to app%! organi>ationa%
resour(es
PM sou%d *e assigned at te ear%iest &easi*%e: *ut sou%d a%"a!s
*e assigned *e&ore start o& te p%anning pase: or during
(arter de'e%opment
Pro4e(t Carter
Pro4e(t Carter sou%d address te &o%%o"ing Re9uirements
o& te (ustomers: sponsors and oter sta+eo%ders
/usiness needs: pro4e(t 4usti6(ation: strategi( p%an
Assigned PM and autorit! ?some oter resour(es ma! a%so *e
pre)assigned@
Produ(t des(ription=de%i'era*%es
Summar! mi%estone s(edu%e
Sta+eo%der inFuen(es
$un(tiona% organi>ation and its parti(ipation
Constraints and assumptions re%ating to organi>ation:
en'ironment and e.terna% &a(tors Summar! *udget
P%anning
Te Co%um*us 5isease
He left but he didn’t now where he was going
!hen he got there he didn’t now where he was
!hen he got ba" he didn’t now where he had been
P%anning is a pro(ess - not an out(ome
P%anning sou%d address Setting te *oundaries S(ope
statement
A(ti'it! p%anning
Cost p%anning
Ris+ p%anning
S(ope Statement
Pro4e(t s(ope statement sou%d address te &o%%o"ing areas7
Pro4e(t and produ(t o*4e(ti'es
Produ(t=ser'i(e re9uirements and (ara(teristi(s
Produ(t a((eptan(e (riteria
Pro4e(t *oundaries - Wat is in(%uded and "at is not
Pro4e(t re9uirements and de%i'era*%es
Pro4e(t (onstraints
Pro4e(t assumptions
Pro4e(t A(ti'it! P%anning
Steps to de'e%op pro4e(t a(ti'it! s(edu%e Spe(i&! te
indi'idua% a(ti'ities ?W/S@
5etermine te se9uen(e o& tese a(ti'ities ?A(ti'it!
Ta*%e@
5ra" a se9uen(e diagram ?AON or AOA@
Estimate te (omp%etion time &or ea( a(ti'it! ?A(ti'it!
Estimates@
Identi&! te (riti(a% pat ?1sing CPM@
Create a s(edu%e o& a(ti'ities
Creates te re9uired de%i'era*%es
W/S organi>es and de6nes te tota% s(ope o& te pro4e(t
Su*di'ides te pro4e(t "or+ into sma%%er: more managea*%e pie(es
o& "or+
;as des(ending %e'e%s "it in(reasing%! detai%ed de6nition o& te
pro4e(t "or+
autorit!=responsi*i%it! assigned@
Independent ?"it respe(t to oter e%ements o? pro4e(ts@
Integratea*%e so tat te tota% pa(+age (an *e seen@
Measura*%e ?ea( de%i'era*%e@
Purpose To simp%i&! a (omp%e. pro4e(t ) it is
a
summation o& e%ements
5uration: (ost and *udget (an *e esta*%ised
Time: e.penditure: and per&orman(e (an *e
tra(+ed
Net"or+ and Contro% P%anning (an *e initiated
Responsi*i%ities and Resour(es (an *e assigned
Omission=dup%i(ation o& tas+s (an *e a'oided
Pro'ide a (ommon stru(ture and (oding s!stem
de%i'era*%es into sma%%er (un+s
Goa% 7 (reate "or+ pa(+ages
Ma! not *e possi*%e &or de%i'era*%es tat are &ar
into te &uture
5iferent de%i'era*%es ma! a'e diferent %e'e%s
Identi6(ation o& %ogi(a% se9uen(ing among s(edu%e
a(ti'ities
A%%o"s &or a smoot Fo" o& pro4e(t a(ti'ities
;e%ps to de'e%op pro4e(t s(edu%e
Identi6es dependen(ies o& diferent a(ti'ities to esta*%is te
&astest pat to tas+ (omp%etion
Most use&u% &or (omp%e. pro4e(ts
isua% disp%a! e%ps to (ommuni(ate a(ti'it! e.e(ution
Identi6es missing a(ti'ities
A(ti'it!
5ependen(!
Start to Start
$inis to $inis
Pra(ti(e
Tas+ Se9uen(ing Too% ) A5M
Arro" 5iagram Metod
Anoter "a! to (reate a s(edu%e net"or+ diagram
AOA - A(ti'it! on Arro"
A(ti'ities (onne(t on nodes to so" dependen(ies
On%! as $inis to Start dependen(!
Can a%so a'e dumm! nodes
Less (ommon%! used in pro4e(t p%anning
Sample ADM
A5M
Parametri( Estimate 5etermined *! mu%tip%!ing
te 9uantit! o& "or+ *! te produ(ti'it! rate Constru(tion "or+ -
per
s9uare &oot
5ri%%ing - time ta+en per (u*i( in(
Tree)point Estimate ;e%ps to (onsider te
amount o& ris+ in te initia% estimate
Considers t!pes o& estimates Most %i+e%!
Optimisti(
Pessimisti(
S(edu%e 5e'e%opment
Out%ines te proposed time%ines &or te pro4e(t a(ti'ities
Is an iterati'e pro(ess
Is t!pi(a%%! (omp%eted A$TER a(ti'it! duration estimate
S(edu%e 5e'e%opment Too% ) CPM
5upont de'e%oped te (on(ept in 2 - to address te sutting o&
p%ants &or maintenan(e
;e%ps to identi&! te pat o& a(ti'ities "ere an! de%a! WILL
(ause a de%a! in te pro4e(t time%ine
$or a(ti'ities outside te Criti(a% Pat: tere is to%eran(e &or
Late start
Late 6nis
Ear%! start
1sed to *e (arried out *! and - no" tere are so&t"are a'ai%a*%e
MS Pro4e(t
Prima'era
More on CPM
Ca%(u%ated *! estimating te &o%%o"ing parameters &or ea(
a(ti'it! ES ) Ear%iest start time
Ear%iest time at "i( te a(ti'it! (an start gi'en tat its pre(edent
a(ti'ities must *e (omp%eted 6rst
E$ ) Ear%iest 6nis time E9ua% to te ear%iest start time
&or te a(ti'it! p%us te time re9uired to (omp%ete te
a(ti'it!
LS ) Latest start time E9ua% to te %atest 6nis time minus te
time re9uired to (omp%ete te a(ti'it!
L$ ) Latest 6nis time Latest time at "i( te a(ti'it! (an *e
(omp%eted "itout de%a!ing te pro4e(t
S%a(+ Time Time *et"een its ear%iest and %atest start
time
Amount o& time tat !ou (an de%a! an a(ti'it! "itout
de%a!ing te pro4e(t s(edu%e
W! CPM
CPM e%ps to identi&! 5iferent a(ti'ities tat M1ST *e
(omp%eted on time &or
te pro4e(t to sta! on s(edu%e
Wi( a(ti'ities (an *e de%a!ed and teir resour(es (an *e
rea%%o(ated
Minimum duration o& te pro4e(t
S(edu%e Compression Too%s
S(edu%e Compression ;e%ps to sorten pro4e(t s(edu%e WIT;O1T
(anging te pro4e(t s(ope
Compression te(ni9ues Crasing
Cost and Time tradeofs are ana%!>ed to determine te greatest
amount o& pro4e(t (ompression
O&ten resu%ts in in(reased (ost
$ast Tra(+ing Se9uen(ed a(ti'ities are per&ormed in
para%%e%
E<g< - &oundation "or+ is started *e&ore detai%ed
ar(ite(ture dra"ings are (omp%ete
In(reases pro4e(t ris+s
W! Per&orm Cost P%anning
;e%ps to manage te (ost o& te resour(es needed to (omp%ete
s(edu%e a(ti'ities
Pro4e(ts (as outFo"s at diferent stages o& te pro4e(t
;e%ps to ig%igt te ris+ o& ma4or (ost o'er)runs
Esta*%ises a *ase%ine to (ompare "it te a(tua% pro4e(t (ost
Cost P%anning Too%s
/ottom)up Estimating Starts &rom Wor+ Pa(+ages -
&rom *ottom %e'e% a(ti'ities
Add up teir (osts and "or+ up"ards
Aggregate te (osts to rea( a 6na% 6gure
Pros and Cons 1pside - is more a((urate: (ost (anges (an *e
re(orded
easi%!
5o"nside - ta+es more time: re9uires detai%ed +no"%edge
Parametri( Estimating ?dis(ussed ear%ier@
Cost P%anning Too%s
Top)do"n Estimating ?Ana%ogous Estimating@ Ta+es
(ost inspiration &rom simi%ar pro4e(ts: tas+s
Starts &rom te top and "or+ do"n"ards
5i'ide te (ost 6gures among diferent su*)pro4e(ts or
tas+s
Pros and Cons 1pside - 9ui(+ and eas! to use: good &or
ear%!)stage p%anning
5o"nside - o&ten is 'er! ina((urate: (an mis%ead i& used at
a %ater stage
Reser'e Ana%!sis Contingen(! &a(tor - "at)i&
s(enario
5o"nside - (an o'er)state te (ost estimate o& s(edu%e
a(ti'it!
Enterprise En'ironment $a(tors
Stang Management P%an
Ris+ Register
Wat is Pro4e(t Ris+
Pro*a*i%it! o& an un(ertain e'ent or (ondition "it a positi'e
or negati'e efe(t on an! one o& te &o%%o"ing pro4e(t
o*4e(ti'es S(ope
Cost
Time
Bua%it!
E.amp%es Pro*a*i%it! o& de%a! in a(9uiring a permit
&rom te go'ernment &or an aspe(t o&
te pro4e(t
Pro*a*i%it! o& una'ai%a*i%it! o& ade9uate resour(es
assigned &or a parti(u%ar tas+
Pro*a*i%it! o& in(rease in resour(e (ost
1nderstand Ris+
T!pes o& ris+s Kno"n ris+s - someting "e (an p%an
&or
1n+no"n ris+s - "e are (augt of guard
Ris+s - treats or opportunities# Ta+ing ris+ against
pro6ta*%e gain
1sing $ast Tra(+ing to sorten pro4e(t time%ine
Ris+s tat ofer opportunities Lo"ering o& ta.es on
pro4e(t resour(es: *rining (ost do"n
Attitude to"ard ris+# $ear and a'oid
A((ept and &a(e
5o(umenting "i( ris+s migt afe(t te pro4e(t
Is an iterati'e pro(ess PM sou%d de(ide te &re9uen(!
o& re'ie"
Leads (ommon%! to 9ua%itati'e ana%!sis
Grouping o& ris+s "it respe(t ;o" te! re%ate to ea(
oter
;o" te! impa(t te pro4e(t o*4e(ti'es
Teir pro*a*i%it!
Ris+ Register A (o%%e(tion o& a%% t!pes o& ris+s and
teir (ara(teristi(s
/rainstorming Gater "it diferent sta+eo%ders in
separate groups
Conso%idate
5e%pi Te(ni9ue As+s a group o& e.perts anon!mous%!
a set o& 9uestions a*out potentia% ris+s
Conso%idate data
Send it to te e.perts again and see+ (omment
Repeat ) times
Wea+nesses
Ce(+%ist Ana%!sis ;istori(a% data
Ris+ Register &rom anoter pro4e(t
;e%ps to prioriti>e pro4e(t ris+s
Sets !ou up &or te ne.t step Eiter 9uantitati'e ris+
ana%!sis
Or ris+ response p%anning
Main ingredients Ris+ pro*a*i%it!
Ris+ impa(t
Ris+ to%eran(e &or S(ope: Cost: Bua%it! and Time
Ad'antages Eas! and simp%e to use
Gi'es a *a%%par+ 6gure o& ris+ impa(t 'a%ue
5isad'antages Too simp%e &or (omp%e.
pro4e(ts
Too% Ris+ Matri.
;e%ps !ou to isua%i>e te efe(t o&
diferent ris+s
0)a.is - Ris+ Pro*a*i%it!
High Probability – Low Impact
High Probability – High Impact
Low Probability – Low Impact
Low Probability – High Impact
Too% Pro*a*i%it!)Impa(t Matri.
Ris+ pro*a*i%it! Li+e%iood tat a (ertain pro*a*i%it! "i%%
o((ur
Ris+ impa(t Potentia% efe(t o& a (ertain ris+ on an!
o& te &our pro4e(t o*4e(ti'es7 s(ope: time: 9ua%it!
and
(ost
Assesses *ot positi'e as "e%% as negati'e ris+ Positi'e ris+
- opportunities
Negati'e ris+ - treats
Ris+ $a(tor Resu%t o& mu%tip%!ing ris+ pro*a*i%it! "it
ris+ impa(t
Gi'es te 6na% impa(t o& a (ertain ris+
Pro4e(t O*4e(ti'e To esta*%is a ne" territoria%
o(e
estimated
Pro4e(t team mem*ers %ea'ing *e&ore pro4e(t
(omp%etion
Canges in pro4e(t s(ope
Se(urit! situation o& te area
Risk Name
Probabi lity
;iger InFation
3<2 3<Q 3<3Q
S(ope Cange
Se(urit! Situation
Bua%itati'e Ris+ Ana%!sis Output
Bua%itati'e ana%!sis resu%ts in Ran+ing o& diferent
ris+s
Grouping o& ris+s
List o& ris+s re9uiring response in te near)term = %ong)
term
List o& ris+s &or additiona% ana%!sis
Redu(e treats
Sou%d address ris+s *ased on teir Ris+ $a(tor or priorit!
;e%ps to (reate some (usion *! A%%o(ating e.tra *udget
A%%o(ating e.tra time
Too%s Ris+ Response Strategies
Responding to Treats A'oid
Cange te PM p%an to a'oid a ris+
Trans&er Si&ting te impa(t and o"nersip
o& ris+ to tird part! ?insuran(e po%i(!@
Mitigate Wor+ to redu(e te pro*a*i%it! or
impa(t o& a ris+ ?test mar+eting: protot!ping@
Proa(ti'e s Rea(ti'e
Responding to Opportunities E.p%oit
See+ to &a(e te ris+ ead on ?assigning *etter ta%ent to a
tas+@
Sare Saring te o"nersip "it a
tird part! ?Js@
Enan(e See+ to in(rease te pro*a*i%it!
or impa(t o& te positi'e ris+
Pro4e(t Communi(ation Management
O*4e(ti'e To ensure time%! and appropriate generation:
(o%%e(tion:
distri*ution: storage: retrie'a% and u%timate disposition o&
pro4e(t in&ormation
Pro(esses &or (ommuni(ation management In&ormation
distri*ution
Per&orman(e reporting
5istri*ution Triggers Time)*ased reports =
meetings
$re9uen(!
St!%e $orma%
Standard temp%ates
Pro4e(t team meetings
E)mai%s and 6%e saring s!stems
Content ;ig)%e'e%
Less detai%s
Lo")%e'e% More detai%s
$o(uses on pro(esses
against pro4e(t estimated *ase%ines re%ated to S(ope
Bua%it!
Num*ers dont %ieU
;e%ps to measure per&orman(e o*4e(ti'e%!
Remem*er tat KPIs sou%d Conne(t "it eiter one o& te
&our pro4e(t o*4e(ti'es ?SCTB@
Measure %i'e pro4e(t per&orman(e
Sou%d *e designed so te! resu%t in num*ers or V
Sta+eo%der Communi(ation Management
Purpose To satis&! te needs o& and reso%'e
issues "it pro4e(t
sta+eo%ders
Suggested Strateg! Need to +no" *asisU - "e%%)de6ned %ines
o&
(ommuni(ation separation
Ris+ Management
Ris+ Management
O*4e(ti'e E.e(uting te ris+ p%ans and reassessing tem to
meet
pro4e(t o*4e(ti'es
Ris+ Monitoring and Contro% Assess te assumption o&
ear%ier identi6ed ris+s
Monitor te progress o& ris+ response e.e(ution
Identi&! and ana%!>e ne" ris+s
Ris+ Management Too%
Ris+ Audit E.amines and do(uments te ris+ responses and
(ompares it against te
esta*%ised *ase%ines
Su*4e(ti'e a(ti'it! - e%ps to see te trend and reassess te
ris+ responses
arian(e Ana%!sis Identi6es o" mu( te a(tua% progress as
de'iated &rom te *ase%ine estimates
Statisti(a% metod
Pro'ides an o*4e(ti'e ana%!sis
Reser'e Ana%!sis Ris+s "i%% o((ur - !our reser'es "i%% get
(onsumed: *ut o" mu(#
Ana%!>e te use o& reser'es (onsumption
Bua%it! Management
Bua%it! 5egree to "i( a set o& inerent (ara(teristi(s
meet re9uirements
Purpose To ensure te *ase%ine 9ua%it! targets are met
troug
A(ie'ed troug Bua%it! Assuran(e
To ensure tat pro(esses are *eing &o%%o"ed as p%anned and
proposed
Bua%it! Contro% To ensure spe(i6( pro4e(t de%i'era*%es
meet te 9ua%it! standard tat "as
p%anned and proposed
Bua%it! Assuran(e
App%i(ation o& p%anned and s!stemati( a(ti'ities to ensure tat
pro(esses are in %ine to meet te pro4e(t o*4e(ti'es Negates
5ont 6. it i& it isnt *ro+enU pi%osop!
Setup A separate designated team
Bua%it! Cir(%es Mem*ers &rom "itin te team are assigned
and rotated to per&orm BA
/ene6ts Ce(+s de'iations *e&ore te! resu%t in *ad
9ua%it! de%i'era*%e
Pa'es "a! &or Continuous Impro'ement ?Kai>en#@
;e%ps to de'e%op stronger standards &or pro(esses
BA Too%s
Bua%it! Audits Stru(tured re'ie" a(ti'it! to (e(+ "eter
pro4e(t pro(esses
(omp%! "it organi>ationa% = pro4e(t po%i(ies and
pro(edures
Sou%dnt *e announ(ed - *est "en done "itout prior
noti(e
Condu(ted *! trained in)ouse personne%
Pro(ess Ana%!sis A s(edu%ed a(ti'it! to s!stemati(a%%!
re'ie" pro(esses in 'ie"
o& te de%i'era*%es and pro4e(t o*4e(ti'es
$eed*a(+ &rom pro4e(t mem*ers
Bua%it! Contro%
Monitoring o& spe(i6( pro4e(t de%i'era*%es to (e(+ "eter te!
(omp%! "it p%anned = proposed 9ua%it! standards
Setup An independent team per&orms 9ua%it! (e(+s
5one troug samp%ing
Statisti(a% ana%!sis - to identi&! patterns and ten
identi&! root (ause
/ene6ts Keeps poor 9ua%it! de%i'era*%es &rom rea(ing in
te ands o& te (ustomer or
sponsor
;e%ps to identi&! poor inputs into a(ti'ities
Cange Management
Purpose To assess: re(ord and in(orporate an! (anges
to te pro4e(t
o*4e(ti'es main%! T)B)S)C
Is per&ormed &rom in(eption to (omp%etion
Is important as pro4e(ts se%dom get e.e(uted e.a(t%! as
p%anned
Is o&ten a resu%t o& a ris+ *eing materia%i>ed
Positi'e ris+ - positi'e (ange
Negati'e ris+ - negati'e (ange
Cange Management
Steps to per&orm (ontro% and manage (anges Identi&!
te need &or a (ange in te pro4e(t o*4e(ti'es
Re'ie" re9uest &or (anges
Assessing te efe(ts o& proposed (anges to SCTB
In&orm and re'ie" te proposed (anges "it
sta+eo%ders
I& appro'ed: do(ument and update a%% SCTB
*ase%ines
Stru(tured pro(ess
Ensure tat de%i'era*%es are anded o'er to pro4e(t sponsors or
(ustomers
5o(ument and ar(i'e pro4e(t re(ords &or &uture
pro4e(ts
Ensure pro4e(t de%i'era*%es are a((epted *! sponsors =
(ustomers
5o(umentation
Purpose To ensure tat a%% important a(ti'ities:
po%i(ies: pro(esses and
de%i'era*%es are do(umented &or re'ie"
/ene6t $a(i%itates pro4e(t per&orman(e ana%!sis
A%%o"s &or (omparati'e ana%!sis *et"een pro4e(ted and
a(tua%
Ma+es temp%ates a'ai%a*%e &or &uture pro4e(ts
Some po%i(ies and pro(esses (an *e uti%i>ed *! oter
departments in organi>ations
Pro'ides important data &or operations