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Background
• Expediential Growth• Predictions of $50 Million/Y Wide Area
Network Bills within 10 Years• Poor Network Service• Current Demand Driven by P2P• History of Charging for Network Services
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Gigabytes
Top 5 Protocol Usage of Commodity Internet by Cornell for Fiscal Year 2002
Actions To Date
• Long Term - Working on Lowering “upstate” WAN Costs
• “Forced” to Install Packeteer – Cost ~ $30¸000
• Resolved Short Term Problem• However Not Cornell’s Strategic Direction
Bill by the Drink
• Will Address– Over Consumption of a “Free Good”– Concern About Content Control
• Violation of Cornell Policy– Scalable Funding– Fair Cost Allocation– Improved Service
Network Fee Areas
• 3 Cost Areas– Edge– Backbone– WAN
WAN Billing Detail
• Base Fee of $4 / Month for up to 2 GB~90% of users fall under this threshold
• $.003 per each MB over 2 GB Base• All Accounts Will be Billed
– Students– Faculty– Staff– Both I2 and Commodity
Sample Bill
Administrative & Faculty Feedback
• The "Top 300" administrative and academic users transferred 61% of academic and administrative data volume.
• Asked how their behavior would change under new billing model …
Approx. Cost @ $.005/MB Comments
$6,684 Tech Support person found worm/virus on computer--cleaned in May '02--no substancial traffic over network since then.
$5,112 Red Hat linux mirror -- will not let people outside Cornell download linux updates from their server. (98% of volume was outbound)
$3,628 CU Hockey personal Web site maintained on Vet server -- will be relocated off CU WAN$3,596 Being used as ftp server (non-university use) will not continue under new billing model (IP changed to .230 in Sept. =
$7000 (1.7% of total university))$3,020 Prof's computer infected w/ "backdoor trojan" worm/virus--subsequently cleaned$2,933 non-university volume/will go away$2,603 Bill Noon -- It's a charge we can't cover with our budget. Will have to cut our services enormously. Many functions may
need to be transferred to other universities in the network.$2,322 "different habits will be practiced that will greatly reduce the volume"$2,152 Can't tell -- IP's not linked to individual users$1,395 Can't tell -- IP's not linked to individual users$1,264 machine is hosting a web site which became available on April 15 and provides a means for students and alumni to
order their transcripts on-line. The service has been very well received and the requests have been growing--which will probably translate int
$1,235 computer was hacked into -- problem has been subsequently fixed$1,054 Being used as ftp server (non-university use) will not continue under new billing model$1,034 Looking at alternatives including a campus waiver, turning off the camera at night, or converting from continuous video to
periodicly updated shots.
$749 Athletic Web site now hosted off-site. However, recent large charges (~$3,000) were showing up on another athletics IP, but when notified, they found out it had been hacked into -- they are putting up a fire wall.
$636 I do expect that our net usage will be at least the same with each new year. We offer a non-commercial legal website - the most heavily used in the world. We also offer information and discussions related to course work. The four addresses that you me
$465 "different habits will be practiced that will greatly reduce the volume"$431 I am still looking into this. All of the numbers seem extremely high - one is even a staff computer who does not really
ever use the Internet. Most of the rest are in student labs or grad offices. I would hope they would all drop dramatically.
$422 inappropriate file sharing use (downloads most probably). I do not think that this has continued
$340 I do expect that our net usage will be at least the same with each new year. We offer a non-commercial legal website - the most heavily used in the world. We also offer information and discussions related to course work. The four addresses that you me
$263 Can't tell -- use a NAT hublet$257 I am still looking into this. All of the numbers seem extremely high - one is even a staff computer who does not really
ever use the Internet. Most of the rest are in student labs or grad offices. I would hope they would all drop dramatically.
$240 I do expect that our net usage will be at least the same with each new year. We offer a non-commercial legal website - the most heavily used in the world. We also offer information and discussions related to course work. The four addresses that you me
$214 inappropriate file sharing use (downloads most probably). I do not think that this has continued$206 non-Cornell site -- will go away$194 I am still looking into this. All of the numbers seem extremely high - one is even a staff computer who does not really
ever use the Internet. Most of the rest are in student labs or grad offices. I would hope they would all drop dramatically.
Student Use and Feedback
• Student consumption represents 70% of total WAN usage.
• 35% of students consume 95% of total student WAN use
• Office of Communication and Marketing Services – Focus Groups
• Pizza• $25
Student Feedback
• There is virtually unanimous agreement that ResNet subscribers will change their habits under the new billing model
• Students anticipate that as they reach the level of WAN use that begins incurring a marginal cost, they will not be willing to pay for additional access. Their attitude seems to parallel anecdotal evidence of the Internet industry —
Student Feedback
• Expect Cornell students to pool and share data files rather than individually reaching out to the Internet and downloading files.
• They worry about accidentally exceeding the base $4 limit.
• Privacy Concerns
2000MB will cover 99% of
Academic/Admin and 80% of students
Current Run Rate
# of IP's % of Users
Annualized # of MB
(millions)
IP's less than 2MB 15,080 36.3% -
IP's 2MB -2000 MB 23,582 56.8% 66
IP's >2000 MB 3,232 7.8% 669
41,894 735
FY04 Projected Usage
# of IP's % of Users
Annualized # of MB
(millions)
IP's less than 2MB 15,080 35.2% -
IP's 2MB -2000 MB 26,125 61.0% 88
IP's >2000 MB 1,623 3.8% 120
42,828 100% 208
Percent Reduction (please see slides 16-19) 72%
Forcast
Forecast
• The feedback from 38 administrators representing some of the top 300 academic and administrative WAN users suggests that under the new billing model data volume transferred by the large users is likely to decrease by 70%
• Based on students input it is estimated that their consumption will drop by 75%
• These findings are consistent with empirical evidence from a similar study (Berkeley INDEX Project) which shows that 75% of users managed their needs within basic service charges rather than paying extra for premium services
• With introduction of new rate structure the composite of students, academic, and administrative WAN consumption is likely to drop by 72% in FY04
Final Thoughts
• Dropped 2 OC3’s from 04 Budget• Expect Savings to Easily Offset Development• Will Use Packet Shaping to Smooth Student Use
at Start of Semesters• Security Value• Time Will Tell …
http://www.cit.cornell.edu/services/newnetrates/
