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This work was done by me during my B.Sc. final year, with zoology majors.. all students were supposed to submit a presentation of their own from their syllabus...we all were preparing..but suddenly me and my another batch mate were hurriedly asked to prepare the presentation for the release ceremony of our departmental magazine...i was tensed as this was my first presentation and i still wasn't decided upon a topic to prepare on..then from the advice of one of my teachers, i took up the topic PROJECT TIGER. My teacher said it is a very serious topic of high national importance at present times...thus i began studying, researching on articles,books,notes etc etc. on whatever knowledge i could gather on the past, present and future of tigers..i eventually made my presentation successfully.it also earned me accolades from my teachers saying that it was a good work.but in the course of all these i also became emotionally attached with the cause..i truly feel for the fate of our tigers,our national animal,a worldwide heritage...please join the cause and do everything u can to save the tigers from vanishing from our land. AMRITA
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PROJECT TIGER and current tiger status
Submitted by-Amrita Ghosh(email id – [email protected])
G.C. CollegeSilchar- 788004
Assam
CONTENTSINTRODUCTIONOBJECTIVESPROGRAMMES ABOUT PROJECT TIGERLAST TIGER STATUSTIGER RESERVES IN INDIACAUSES OF DEPLETIONMEASURES TAKEN FOR THE PROTECTION
OF TIGER POPULATIONWHAT CAN WE DOCONCLUSIONREFERENCES
I. INTRODUCTION
Project tiger is a wildlife conservation movement
Initiated in India in 1973 to protect BengalTigers. It is a centrally sponsored scheme ofGovernment of India. It aims at tiger Conservation in specially constituted tiger
reservesThroughout India and strives to maintain
viable populations of tigers in their natural environment
OBJECTIVESProject Tiger was meant to identify the limiting
factors and to mitigate them by suitable management. The damages done to the habitat were to be rectified so as to facilitate the recovery of the ecosystem to the maximum possible extent
The following potential tiger habitats are being covered:
Sivalik-TeraiConservation UnitNorth east Conservation UnitSunderbans Conservation UnitCentral Indian Conservation UnitEastern Ghat Conservation UnitWestern Ghat Conservation Unit
II. Programmes launchedIn 2005 Govt. of India launched the NATIONAL
TIGER HABITAT AND POPULATION EVALUATION SYSTEM. Its aims are :
PHASE I – spatial mapping and monitoring of tigers
PHASE II – spatial and attribute dataPHASE III – estimating the populations of
tigers and its preyPHASE IV – intensive monitoring of source
populations
trusts working for project tiger• WILDLIFE FIRST• BHADRA WILDLIFE CONSERVATION TRUST• NAGARHOLE NATIONAL PARK CONSERVATION EDUCATION PROJECT• TIGER RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION TRUST (TRACT)
Global tiger forum
OBJECTIVES :To monitor the problems facing the Tiger in the world.To co-ordinate multi prolonged research efforts.Help other countries.Embark on an international publicity campaign.Develop an effective intelligence system
The Global Tiger Recovery Program (GTRP) is intended to provide the common platform of tiger conservation implementation, the first overarching and comprehensive plan of its kind to take effect across the Tiger Range Countries,
III. INFORMATION ON TIGERSThe 5 surviving subspecies of tigers :1. SIBERIAN-------------------2. SOUTH CHINA----------------------------3. INDOCHINESE--4. BENGAL5. SUMATRAN--------------------------------
Three other sub-species viz. the BALI. JAVAN and CASPIAN have become extinct in the past 70 years…………..
ROYAL BENGAL TIGERS
The Royal Bengal Tiger once reigning part of Asia are now on the brink of extinctionFACTS:Common Name: Bengal tigerScientific Name:Panthera tigris tigrisHabitat: Dry and wet deciduous forests, grassland and sal forests, mangrove forests, temperate forests.Weight: Around 280 kgLength: Nearly 3 mts.
tiger statusTiger population 1706 in 2011 census
report2009-worst year for tigers in IndiaAbout 40 tiger sanctuaries in IndiaCobett National Park oldest park in IndiaThe news report “Reduced to Skin and
Bones” shows 1069-1220 tigers seized between January 2000-April 2010.
Tiger Census 2011, A Straight Growth of 295 Tigers in National Parks of IndiaThe second All India tiger population counting study which was carried in 39 tiger reserves across as Jim Corbett National Park, Ranthambore National Park, Sundarbans National Park and other national park , Country has shown that there has been a growth in the number of tigers in India and the number is astounding 295. The previous population of tigers in India was 1411 and now it is 1706.
The Tiger Conference hosted by the Environment and Forest department minister Mr. Jairam Ramesh released this current census of tigers 2011 which says :
Ø Population of tigers increased to 1706 from 1411Ø Shivalik-Gangetic plain: 353 which is a raise of 56Ø In the Eastern as also Central Ghats as also eastern Ghats as 601Ø in the western ghats the number has increased by 132 and the
present number is 534Ø the Brahmaputra flood plain areas have 148 and previously they
had only 100Ø in Sunderbans it is 70
Following is the break-up of tiger population in India:
Madhya Pradesh 257 +43Karnataka 300 +10Uttarakhand 227 +49Maharashtra 169 +64Andhra Pradesh 72 -23Tamil Nadu 163 +87Assam 143 +73Kerala 71 +25Rajasthan 36 +4
A recent case of poachingTiger burnt alive in the Damdhar village of Kalagarh Forest division, Corbett Tiger Reserve on 23rd Maech, 2011.
According to WPSI’s database 27 tiger deaths due to poaching in 2010
IV. Tiger reserves in india
• Corbett Sariska DhudhwaRanthamboreValmikiBuxaManasNamdaphaPakhui-NameiPannaDamphaBhandhavgarhPalamauBori-Satpura
RenchKanhaSundarbansSimlipalTadoba-AndheriIndrawatiNagarjunasagarBhadraBandipurKakkad-Mundanthurai
Map of india showing the locations of various tiger reserves
Bandhavgarh tiger reserveLocated in the Vindhya Hills in Madhya Pradesh
Encompasses 32 hills covered with forests of sal, dhobin and saga
Large stretches of grasslands with bamboo grooves
Tiger population:- 1979 - 51 - 1984 - N.A. - 1989 - 38 - 1993 - 41 - 1995 - 46- 2001- 49
Ranthambore tiger reserveLocated at the junction of Aravalis and the Vindhyas,Eastern Rajasthan.
Topography varyingg from gentle to steep slopes. Park is bound by the rivers of Chambal in south and Banas in north.
Name is derived from two hills-Ran and Thambore
Tiger Population: - 1979 - 25 - 1984 - 38 - 1989 - 44 - 1993 - 36 - 1995 - 38 - 2001 – 20-2008 - 34
Sundarban national parkVast swampy delta of two great Indian rivers-the
Bramhaputra & the GangaMangrove forests,swamps & forested islands are
interwovenMostly estuarine mangrove forest is the home of
nearly 200 Royal Bengal Tigers.Bangladesh lies to the east of the parkTiger Population:
- 1979 - 205 - 1984 - 264 - 1989 - 269 - 1993 - 251 - 1995 – 242
- 2011 - 70
v. Causes of depletion ILLEGAL HUNTING FOR MEDICINAL TRADE
CHINA’S GROWING DEMANDTiger bone pills
WEAK LAW ENFORCEMENT
POACHING AND HABITAT LOSSPoaching methods :oPoisonoSteel TrapsoFirearmsoElectrocution
vi. Measures taken by government to protect tiger population
INDIAN BOARD FOR WILDLIFE (IBWL)
PROTOCOL ON CONSERVATION OF THE TIGER BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDIAAND THE GOVERNMENT OF PEOPLES' REPUBLIC OF CHINA :
They have agreed to the following no. of articles—Article I – Article VIII
What we can do…..Spread the Word --------------------------------------
SMS--------------------------
Write to Editors-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Donate----------------------
Volunteer for Our Tigers
Preserve our Natural Resources
Be a Responsible Tourist -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
conclusionThe TIGER, one of the most magnificent animals of the world, is also
one of the most endangered. A cat of beauty, strength and majesty, the tiger is master of all & subject to none– except HUMANS.
Can India’s tigers survive against the huge odds stacked against them? Do they really stand a chance against rampant poaching, habitat destruction, loss of prey & killings by villagers?
Nearly a century ago there were over 40,000 tigers in India, but now nearly less than 1500 tigers are left in India.
If we , the people of India don't wake up now to save our most sublime asset, we must realize that they will lose it forever in the blink of an eye.
REFERENCES BOOKS:# Y.V.Jhala, R.Gopal, Q.Qureshi (eds.), ed (2008). Status of the Tigers, Co-
predators, and Prey in New Delhi: National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt of India
# Buncombe, A. (2007) The face of a doomed species#Shankhala Kailash(1981), Roli Books: The Story of Indian Tiger NEWSPAPERS AND ARTICLES :# The Telegraph# The Times of India#Government of India (2005) Tiger Task Force Report#Campaign for Survival and Dignity Tiger Conservation: A Disaster in the Making WEBSITES:#http://projecttiger.nic.in/whtsnew/status of tiger in india 2008.pdf#http://projecttiger.nic.in#http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Tiger#http://books.google.co.in/books#http://www.wpsi-india.org/index.php#http://calcuttatube.com/tiger-population-rises-by-295-in-india/146582# http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/tiger-census-295-tigers-added-population-estimated-at-
1706-94584&cp
