Project Report on Crystal1

8/9/2019 Project Report on Crystal1

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APROJECT REPORT

ON

CRYSTAL CERAMIC INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD.

In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the

Programme: S.Y.B.B.A.

Academic Year: 2009-2010

Subject: Practical StudiesDuration: 15-10-2009 TO 01-11-2009

SUBMITTEDBY

SUBMITTEDTO

V.M. PATEL COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIESGanpat Vidyanagar Campus, Kherva 382711,

Mehsana-Gandhinagar Highway,Dist. Mehsana, North Gujarat, India.

Names of group membersSYBBA

DivisionRollNos.

ExamNos.

Khamar Dipen A. A 51

Gupta Kunal K. A 35

Chaudhari Rahulkumar S. A 18

Chaudhari Mitesh N. A 16Patel Daksha D. B 112

Patel Bhagyashree K. B 104


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V.M. PATEL COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES,

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. / Ms. ________________________

Of SYBBA, Division: __ , Roll No: ___ , Exam No: ___ , has

satisfactorily completed his / her Project Report in partial

fulfillment of the requirement for the Subject: Practical

Studies in the academic year 2008-09.

Signature ofProject

Coordinator

Signature ofI/C Principal

College Stamp

V.M. PATEL COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIESGanpat Vidyanagar Campus, Kherva 382711,

Mehsana-Gandhinagar Highway,Dist. Mehsana, North Gujarat, India.


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PREFACE

This Project Report has been prepared in partial fulfillment of the requirement forthe Subject: Practical Studies of the Second Year BBA Programme in the

academic year 2009-2010.

For preparing the Project Report, I have visited the company during the

suggested duration from 15-10-2009 to 1-11-2009, to avail the necessary

information. The blend of learning and knowledge acquired during my practical

studies at the company is presented in this Project Report.

The rationale behind visiting the company and preparing the Project Report is to

study the evolution of the company, its development, its strategies and its

functional departments like production department, marketing department, human

resource department and financial department.

The Project Report starts with the basic general information of the company and

covers the information regarding its functional departments like production

department, marketing department, human resource department and financial

department.

The information presented in this Project Report is obtained from sources like

Company Personnel, Company Websites, Other Websites, Company Reports,

and Other Literature.


DivisionRollNos.

ExamNos.


Gupta Kunal K. A 35


Chaudhari Mitesh N. A 16

Patel Daksha D. B 112



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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It was indeed an opportunity for me to visit CRYSTAL CERAMIC

INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD.and prepares a Project Report on the same during

SYBBA Programme. During my visit to the company for preparing this Project

Report, I learnt many interesting things about the company, along with the

aspects of industry as a whole.

Preparation of such kind of report, which is based on secondary information,

requires data gathering from many sources like Company Personnel, Company

Websites, Other Websites, Company Reports, and Other Literature.

I am thankful to Mr.Arvindbhai, who permitted me to visit the company and

allowed me to prepare the Report. I am also thankful to the Departmental Heads

of the company, who provided me the required information. Moreover I thank all

those who supported me directly or indirectly in preparing this Report, without

whose assistance, preparing this Report might have been much difficult for me.

I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. K. M. Chudasama, (I/C Principal), Mr.

Kamal Vyas (Project Coordinator) and other faculty members of the college for

their valuable guidance and help in preparation of this Report. At last but not

least, I am thankful to all my friends and other people, who helped me in

preparation of this Project Report.


DivisionRollNos.

ExamNos.


Gupta Kunal K. A 35


Chaudhari Mitesh N. A 16

Patel Daksha D. B 112



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INDEX

S. N. PARTICULARS PAGE

1. CERTIFICATE I

2. PREFACE II

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT III

1 GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 Company Profile

1.2 History

1.3 Form of Organization

1.4 Organization Structure

1.6 Bankers

1.7 Auditors

2 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Production Process Chart

2.3 Production Process

2.4 Types of Tiles

2.5 Quality

3 HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Recruitment & Selection

Recruitment

Selection

3.3 Promotion & Transfer

3.4 Play roll system

3.5 Organization on structure

3.6 Labour welfare facilities

3.7 Performance Appraisal3.8 Employee relation activity

3.9 Personal data

3.10 Promotion & transfer policy

3.11 Time keeping system

4 FINANCE DEPARTMENT

4.1 Trading, Profit & Loss account of 2008

4.2 Balance sheet of 2008

4.3 Trading, Profit & Loss account of 2009

4.4 Balance sheet of 20094.5 Ratio Analysis


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5 MARKETING DEPARTMENT

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Marketing function analysis

5.3 Area Depot

5.4 Channel of distribution5.5 Market Segmentation

5.6 Market Research Chart

5.7 Market Research Process

6 Conclusion

7 Bibliography


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GENERAL

INFORMATION

COMPANY PROFILE


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NAME OF THE COMPANY Crystal Ceramic

Industries Pvt. Ltd.

REGISTERED ADDRESS Crystal CeramicIndustries Pvt. Ltd.

1st floor, Katanga Complex,

Near S.T. stand,

Himmatnagar-383001.

Dist.Sabarkantha

MISSION To provide

good quality tiles at

Reasonable price

CONTACT NO. +912762324963,

+912764267531

FAX NO. +912764267530

E-mail Address [email protected]

Website www.crystalceramic.com

Corporate Office At & Po: Kaiyal,

Kaiyal-shedhavi Road,

Tal: Kadi, Dist: Mehsana,

(Gujarat-India)
mailto:[email protected]://www.crystalceramic.com/mailto:[email protected]://www.crystalceramic.com/


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HISTORY

Crystal Ceramic Industries Pvt. Ltd. was formed in 2001 by a few

enthusiastic entrepreneurs. After 7 years, with more advanced infrastructure,wide range of products, broad network and bigger dreams company was re-named in 2008 as *Crystal Ceramic Industry Pvt. Ltd.* . Today, it has alreadybecome a renowned company in the ceramic industry. Crystals roots go back to1990. Then it was started as a small tiles manufacturing unit under the name ofNijanand Ceramic Pvt. Ltd. having brand name of Sahara. But with a strongconviction and unending efforts, this small entity soon took shape as a major tilesmanufacturing company in the country with production touching 4,80,000 Sq.Mts. per month. At Crystal, our only aim is to offer the very best. And in pursuit tooffer sky-high standards, we have installed state-of-the-art equipments, employedcertified experts, and started a quality assurance department and an R&D center.

Thats not all. We have, indeed, extended our reach. We have more than 10 ofour company depots and 150-plus agents spread across 4 zones of the country.And that number is growing constantly. In sum, it is crystal-clear that we are apremier ceramic company all set to make a global impression.

FORM OF ORGANIZATION

The size of the organization is based on the scale operation and capital employedin the organization. There are three types of an organization

1. small scale

2. large scale

3. medium scale

The CRYSTAL is a large scale Private ltd. organization. The Company was set up on the

Private basis.

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE


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Mr. B.P.PATEL DIRECTOR

Mr.M.A.PATEL DIRECTOR Mr.R.M.PATEL DIRECTOR

Mr.D.D.PATEL DIRECTOR

Mr.G.K.PATEL DIRECTOR Mr.G.Z.PATEL Chief Operating Officer(CCO)

Mr.J.G.SUTHAR Chief Developing Officer(CDO)

FACTORY STAFF: 250

MARKETTING STAFF: 100

OFFICE STAFF: 20

BANKERS

Punjab National Bank

Shahibag Branch (Ahmedabad)

AUDITOR

K.K.PATEL & Associates (C.A.)

F/51, 2nd floor, Akashganga Complex,

Himmatnagar

C-creative

R-reliable

Y-youthful

S-significant

T-trustworthy

A-aristocrat

L-luxurious in the real sense

ORGANIZATION CHART


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CHAIRMAN

MANAGING DIRECTOR

PRECEDENT

OF

PRODUCTION

PRECEDENT

OF

MARKETING

PRECEDENT

OF

FINANCE

PRECEDENT

OF

HRD

GENRAL

MANAGER

CHIEF

EXECUTIVE

OFFICER

HRD

MANAGER

FINANCE

MANAGER

CHIEF

OPERATING

OFFICERACCOUNTANT PERSONAL

DEPARTMENT

INCHARGE

CHIEF

MARKETING

OFFICER

CHIEF

COMMERCIAL

OFFICER

CHIEF

DEVELOPMENT

OFFICER


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INTRODUCTION

Mostly all manufacturing units having different production process of any

unit may be mostly depend upon the size and nature of the industry any quality of

the raw material machinery and technology is used in this production.

The production process may be shorter or longer. In small scale industry

the production process may be shorter but on other hand in large scale industry

the production process may be longer. In large scale industry the longer

production process may suffer many practical problems at the time of production.

Mostly the higher reliable company uses production process that

contents the high technology, super power machinery, and very fast and latest

components.


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PRODUCTION PROCESS FLOW CHART

RAW MATERIAL

CRUSHING THE RAW-

MATERIAL

GRINDING &

AUTOMIZATION

CLEANING &

MIXING

QUALITY CONTROL

RECTIFICATION/

SQUARING AND

CHAMFERING

GLAZE LINE

FIRING


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Raw Materials:

Ceramic Color Pigments Printing Bases Compound Frit Matt Powder Glaze Borax Pent hydrate Boric Acid CMC Ukraine Clay Ceramic Pigments Feldspar Quartz Zinc Oxide Wollastonite Cal. Carbonates Alumina Bacon Corundum Probitol STPP Binding Material Kaolin Other Clays Silica Kaolinate

Crushing the Raw Material:

First, the raw material particles are reduced to the desired size, whichinvolves using a variety of equipment during several crushing and grinding steps.Primary crushing is done in ball mills, rapidly moving steel or ceramic balls.

And for fine grinding, craftspeople use ball mills that consist of largerotating cylinders partially filled with steel or ceramic grinding media of sphericalshape.

Grinding & Atomization:

Obtaining shapely and smooth granules

DISPATCH & STOCK

AVAILABILITY


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This is wet grinding phase where inside large continuous grindingmachines, water and the raw materials are mixed together to create a water-based suspension known as the slip.

The slip is then injected at a high pressure and atomized inside large steel

cylinders called atomizers wherein it gets into contact with a flow of hot air at atemperature of 500 to 600C, in this process the water in the mixture evaporatesalmost instantaneously.

The granules obtained in this way are uniform and smooth, round in shapeand features a fine grain size. This, together with the controlled moisture(between 4 and 7%) of the atomized product is just what is required to give theright compactness during the subsequent pressing phase.

Cleaning and mixing:

The ingredients are passed through a series of screens to remove anyunder- or over-sized materials. Screens, usually operated in a sloped position,are vibrated mechanically or electromechanically to improve flow. If the body is tobe formed wet, the ingredients are then combined with water to produce thedesired consistency. Magnetic filtration is then used to remove iron from theslurries, as these watery mixtures of insoluble material are called. Because ironoccurs so pervasively in most clays and will impart an undesirable reddish hue tothe body if it oxidizes, removing it prior to firing is essential. If the body is to beformed dry, shell mixers, ribbon mixers, or intensive mixers are typically used.

Quality Control:

Perfection at every phase

The character of the raw materials is important in maintaining quality duringthe manufacturing process. The chemical composition, mineral phase, particlesize distribution, and colloidal surface area affect the fired and unfired propertiesof theporcelain.

With unfired body, the properties evaluated include viscosity, plasticity,shrinkage, and strength. With fired porcelain, strength, porosity, color, andthermal expansion are measured.

Many of these properties are monitored and controlled duringmanufacturing using statistical methods. Both the raw materials and the process


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parameters (milling time and forming pressure, for example) can be adjusted toachieve desired quality.

Glazing

The enamels are prepared in the color workshops, by mixing togethervitreous flakes called frits, kaolin, siliceous sand, oxides and pigments forcoloring ceramics.

Inside the enameling booths, many different techniques are used forapplying the enamel uniformly to the surface of the tiles.

A spatula spreads the enamel for decorating the tiles through the meshesof the silk screens. Combining several silk-screen applications it is possible tocreate complex patterns and extremely attractive effects.

Firing

Firing is a further heating step that is done in roller firing kiln. A periodickiln consists of sealed chamber with burner ports and flues. It can fire only onebatch of ware at a time, but it is more flexible since the firing cycle can be

adjusted for each product. A tunnel kiln is a refractory chamber several hundredfeet or more in length. It maintains certain temperature zones continuously, withthe ware being pushed from one zone to another. Typically, the ware will enter apreheating zone and move through a central firing zone before leaving the kiln viaa cooling zone. This type of kiln is usually more economical and energy efficientthan a periodic kiln.

During the firing process, a variety of reactions take place. First, carbon-based impurities burn out, chemical water evolves (at 215 to 395 degreesFahrenheit or 100 to 200 degrees Celsius), and carbonates and sulfates begin todecompose (at 755 to 1,295 degrees Fahrenheit or 400 to 700 degrees Celsius).

Gases are produced that must escape from the ware.


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On further heating, some of the minerals break down into other phases,and the fluxes present (feldspar and flint) react with the decomposing minerals toform liquid glasses (at 1,295 to 2,015 degrees Fahrenheit or 700 to 1,100degrees Celsius). These glass phases are necessary for shrinking and bondingthe grains. After the desired density is achieved (greater than 2,195 degrees

Fahrenheit or 1,200 degrees Celsius), the ware is cooled, which causes the liquidglass to solidify, thereby forming a strong bond between the remaining crystallinegrains. After cooling, the porcelain is complete.

Rectification/ Squaring and chamfering:

Making it 'joint-free'

To minimize the manufacturing limitations like variation in length, width andstraightness of sides rectification or squaring and chamfering process becomesnecessary, it offers accuracy to diagonal dimensions to meet perfection of jointswithout interruption in continuity, means 'joint free' tiles.

Dispatch and stock availability:

As well as some complimentary items available on a special order basis(identified by a Name of Design Mentioned in Product Brochure). Many otherstyles and colors are available in our company stock yard on an order basis.Please visit our dealers showrooms or consult your sales representative. Due toour constant effort to offer our customers the latest designs and technicaladvances stock is on an as available basis. Please order your tiles well inadvance to avoid out-of-stock situations, and to allow for shipping of special

orders. If we are out-of-stock on an item that you have selected from ourinventory program, please anticipate delivery in 15 to 30 days. Consult our salesrepresentative in each case, and be aware that weather and other conditions areout of our control and can delay production or delivery of products. Selecting fromavailable inventory or incoming stock is advisable whenever possible.

In any case, all orders, whether solicited or unsolicited, are subject to CRYSTALCERAMIC INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD.. At Kaiyal, Kaiyal Shedhavi Road, Taluka.Kadi, Dist. Mehsana, acceptance, in whole or in part, upon their receipt in writingby us and, after acceptance, to our ability to fill any orders so accepted.

CRYSTAL CERAMIC INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD. will be under no liability for itsfailure to fill any accepted order when such failure is due to causes and


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contingencies beyond its control, including, but not limited to, delays in productionor shipment, strikes, labor troubles, domestic or foreign wars, fire, floods,explosions, accidents, sabotage, inability to obtain essential material orequipment, and orders or requisitions by the foreign Government. It is understoodand agreed by you that in no event shall CRYSTAL CERAMIC INDUSTRIES

PVT. LTD. be liable for direct, resultant, incidental, consequential or any otherdamages. All unfilled orders are subject to the conditions of sale in effect on thedate of shipment.

TYPES OF TILES

Porcelain 24 X24 603MM X603MM

18 X18 455MM X455MM

Elevation 18 X12 444MM X296MM

Metallic 24 X 24 603MM X603MM

Eco 18 X18 455MM X455MM

Granostone 24 X 24 603MM X603MM

Ruston 24 X24 603MM X603MM

18 X18 455MM X455MM

PRODUCTION


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PORCELAIN

Time Period Production

Monthly 325000 SQ.MT.Quarterly 2690000 SQ.MT.

Yearly 900000 SQ. MT.


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ELEVATION


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METALLIC


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ECO


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GRANOSTONE


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RUSTONE


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QUALITY POLICYAt Crystal, quality is our prime concern. Theyre an ISO 9001:2000

certified company which says a lot about our strict quality controls. Theyhave a dedicated quality control department where rigorous tests are

carried out at all stages to ensure that our products are defect-free. Notonly that, their team of highly-qualified experts makes 100% sure that noproduct is passed without undergoing our strict quality assurance process.

Nevertheless, they compete with our own quality standards andalways strive to better them, perfect them and innovate them byexperimenting and implementing various methods and technologies.


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HUMAN

RESOURSEDEPARTMENT

INTRODUCTION

Personnel department is one of the vital departments in any

organization today. Main is active factored of production and there is doubt that it

is the main controls & manages machine, material, money & market. It is like the

heart of any enterprise, without manpower the organization cannot run or work.

Crystal has a personnel department which deals with various matters relating to

the personnel.


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During our visit in Crystal, We found that there is a department of

human resources development i.e. personnel department, which performs the

function like personnel administrator, wage & salary administration, staffing,

training, motivation, industrial relation recruitment and selection, personnel

records and personnel audit.

Thus we can say that thought giving full guidance, advice, motivation,

etc to the employee and increasing their morale. Crystal has achieved its short

term goals promptly and built the structure for long time objective. Due to the

efficiency and competency of HRD manger, there has been no strike in Crystal,

right its establishment and employees are promptly satisfied with the job, which

has been offered to him.

RECRUITMENT & SELECTION

RECRUITMENT

Recruitment can be defined as, it is process of searching for

prospective employees and stimulating and encouraging them to apply for a job

in an organization.


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Recruitment is the most important task of personnel administration. In

Crystal, recruitment of the employees is done as per the company using the

following sources of market.

(1) By advertisement

(2) Government employment

(3) Internal promotion

SELECTION

The selection procedure is concerned to securing necessary information

about an employee rather application. This information is secured in to different

various kinds of steps or stages. Company screen out those applicants, which

are suitable for that job.

For selection Crystal uses internal & external sources. They have

application blank for applicant they uses the employees references.

The company is also advertisement and some other sources like

advertisement and some other organization. The selection procedure of Crystal isquite simple and very clean.

SELECTION PROCESS CHART

SELECTION PROCEDURE OF CRYSTAL IS AS UNDER:-

VACANCY IN ANY DEPARTMENT


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COLLECTION OF APPLICATION:

They collect application from post which are directly received. They

collect list from district employment exchange campus interview etc.

SCRITINISATION OF APPLICATION:

After collection of application, they are studies in detail & not suitable

applications are rejected & other kept for further process.

INTERVIEW:

Remaining applications are then called for interview in this interview

person personality, experiences, subject knowledge, general knowledge etc. Are

tested Interview result declared on that day.

MEDICAL CHECK UP:

Selected person sent for medical checkup & when person medically fit

then section is done.

PLACEMENT:

Medical fit person gave offer letter & then person is joining in a work. In

Crystal probation period is different for different types of person.

12 month for officers.

6 month for clericals.

3 month for workers


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If any person is not suitable for his job then they have a right to

terminate their services also.

PROMOTION & TRANSFER

When a person who work in any organization get more salary and have

higher responsibility and power then it is call promotion. Promotion is in other

words is the process of making upper change in the post of employee. Promotion

is also one of the sources of internal sources of recruitment.


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Promotion is given for encouragement so the employee feels more

motivated and works harder in organization. Promotion policy of Crystal is also

quite simple and they give promotion to their employees in both the ways as per

the seniority and also as per performance.

Transfer is nothing but when the area of employee is changed in any

sort of action it may be the change of department or it may be the change of

other unit. Transfer is also the source of internal recruitment and transfer is also

done in situation of giving punishment. By the transfer if require need of other is

also can be fulfilled. The policy of transfer is implemented in this unit is same.

The transfer of any employee is done in very few occasions and it is temporary.

PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL

Performance appraisal means a systematic evolution of an employees

performance on the job in term of requirement of the job. Performance appraisal

is concerned with merit ranking which involves seriating the ability of personnel

for promotion.

Crystal appraises the performance on the each employee. Though the

appraisal system, appraisal knows the eligibility of each employee for promotion

and accordingly the arrangement is made regarding either giving promotion or

giving higher salary.

WAGE & SALARY

ADMINISTRATION

Wage and salary represent the substantial part of the total cost in an

organization. The administration of the wages and salary is performed for

establishing & maintaining the equitable wage and salary structure and lower cost


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structure. It refers to the financial aspect of need and motivation as well as

reward and accordingly the manager interpret and analyze the need of workers.

The wages and salary are depending upon the work, qualification,

seniority and all other facts. The performance is also taken in to consideration at

the time of giving salary. The salary is paid in Crystal is as per the rules of

government and there is no conflict so far regarding the salary. The salary of

higher management is quite higher in organization.

EMPLOYEES FACILITIES

Sometimes expect salary some other benefits are also require for good

work force because by this kind of facility one can motivate the personnel in

organization.

Some benefits are also provided by Crystal. Those are as follows:

Bonus

Canteen

Provident fund

Medical

Residential Quarters

Sports Activities

BONUS:

As we see that the company is giving extra facility to its employees and

bonus is good example of it. The company is giving 20% bonus to its employees

every year.

CANTEEN:


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The company provides beautiful canteen to its all work and staff

members. The good food can be found there. The cheap food is provided to the

employees and half amount is paid by the company itself.

PROVIDENT FUND:

Provident fund is also provided to employee by a company. But only for

permanent employees.

MEDICAL:

The company is providing their employees ESI benefit and for managerial

staff they provide them one- month salary as a medical expense.

RESIDENTIAL QUARTERS:

The company is providing the quarters for staying to the employees with

the facilities of water & electricity at free of cost.

SPORTS ACTIVITIES:

The company is also providing sports facilities for their enjoyment. The company

holds sports competition annually for the employees.

PERSONNEL RECORD

The Crystal Ceramic Industries Pvt. Ltd. maintains records of present as well as

past personnel. The company taking help of computer for record of personnel data. The

company issued identity card, shift card to its employees. The company also maintains

the file of records like name, address, exhalation, transfer, P.F., etc.


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EMPLOYEES NUMBERS OF

EMPLOYEES

FACTORY STAFF 250

OFFICE STAFF 20

MARKETTING STAFF 100

TIME KEEPING SYSTEM

This department is engaged in tacking attendance of the employee and

worker of the company has manual time keeping system. There are three

shifts for workers.

SHIFT TIMES

FIRST 8 AM TO 4 PM


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SECOND 4 PM TO 12PM

THIRD 12PM TO 8AM

The company has also adopted an advance logical home keeping

system which function for the accurate computing workers attendance and

order time working hours.

The workers allowed working for 8 hours per day, but he want to do take

overtime work. He has take permission of shift supervisor. If this permission

is received by supervisor, he can do the overtime work.


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FINANCEDEPARTMENT

INTRODUCTION

Financial management is that part of managerial activity, which is

concerned with planning and controlling of firms financial resources. It is an

applied branch of general management; chief accountant duties of financial

management are planning and controlling management of corporate finance.

Financial management is called upon to take their major decision, financial and

dividend decision.


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Financial management involves the implementation of this three major

decision. It is an integrate part of overall management rather than a staff activity

concerned with fund raising operations with sound management of financial

resources. Business cant achieve its objectives and may occur heavy losses.

The major finance is procurement of money needed by the business,

keeping and increasing the invested money through sound financial policies and

programs and generating income or profit for the business.

TRADING, PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED ON,

31

ST

MARCH, 2009


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PARTICULARS SCHEDULE YEAR(2008-2009) Rs.

YEAR(2007-2008) Rs.

INCOME

Turnover 726585633 121810911

Other Income M 803419 532227

Increase / (Decrease) in Stock N 3497966 51267344

Total Rs 730887018 173610482

EXPENDITURE

Manufacturing & other expenses O 522486128 143477246

Employee Emoluments P 56288788 2577981

Administrative & Selling Expenses Q 57744149 5958669

Interest & Financial Charges R 49735893 8796761

686254958 160810657

Profit before depreciation 44632060 12799825

Less: Depreciation E 16462296 3556426

Net Profit Before Tax 28169764 9243399

Provision for taxation

-current Tax 3200000 925000

-F.B.Tax 580000 75000

-Deferred Tax 7037189 0

Net Profit after Tax 17352575 8243399

Add: Balance b/f from the previousyear

8243499 0

Amount available for Appropriations 25595974 8243399

APPROPRIATIONS

General Reserve 0 0

Proposed Dividend on EquityShares

2001300 0

Tax on Dividend 3401121 0

Balance carried to Balance Sheet 23254553 8243399


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BALANCE SHEET AS ON 31ST MARCH, 2009

PARTICULARS SCHEDULE

YEAR(2008-2009) Rs.

YEAR(2007-2008) Rs.

SOURCES OF FUNDS

SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS

a) Share Capital A 40026000 39652000

b) Reserve & Surplus B 143358553 86851399

LOAN FUNDS

A) Secured Creditors C 206174923 237615804

B) UnsecuredCreditors

D 141250050 122084462

Deferred Tax Liabilities 7037189 0

TOTAL Rs 537846715 486203665

APPLICATION OF FUNDS

1.FIXED ASSETS E

a) Gross Block 383019027 336846440

b) Less:Depreciation

44079904 27617607

c) Net Block 338939123 309228833

Capital Work in Progress 0 19298858

2.INVESMENTS F 2249006 2245308

3.CURRENT ASSETS ,LAON & ADVANCES

a) Inventories G 141263160 122853704

b) Sundry Debtors H 116597715 52428577

c) Cash & bankbalances

I 8895647 17432412

d) Loan & Advances J 14756114 20173902

281512636 212888595

Less:

4.CURRENT LIABILITIES& PROVISION

K 86262103 59336391

NET : CURRENT ASSETS 195250533 153552204

MISC. EXPENSES L 1408053 1878462

TOTAL Rs 537846715 486203665


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RATIO

ANALYSIS


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Ratio analysis is one of the techniques of financial analysis where ratio are

used as yardstick for evaluating the financial condition and performance of a firm.

Ratio may be classified according to function or tests as solvency, liquidity or

profitability ratio and according to nature as leverage ratio and activity ratios.

LIQUIDITY RATIO:A liquidity ratio is ratio, which points out whether there are sufficient liquid

resources to meet short term liabilities. They are meant to measure the

companys financial strength to meet current obligation.

e.g. current ratio, quick ratio, etc.

SOLVENCY RATIO:These are long term ratio a pointer to future and long term solvency of the

company in which creditors, bankers and financial institutions have great stake.

E.g. proprietary ratio, debt equity ratio.

PROFITABILITY RATIO:Ratio that is means to measure the profit earning capacity of the firm in its

business operation fall under this category.

E.g. gross profit ratio, net profit ratio.

ACTIVITY RATIO:These ratios establish a relationship between sales and various assets of

the firm, how well the assets are being made use of and the speed with which

they are converted into sales.


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CURRENT RATIO:

Current ratio is significant ratio, which establishes a relationship between

current assets and current liabilities of a firm during a given period of time. It is

also as working capital ratio.

Total current assetsCurrent ratio = --------------------------

Total current liability

Year Current assets Current liabilities Ratio

2008 212888595 59336391 3.59

2009 281512636 86262103 3.26

0

50000000

100000000

150000000

200000000

250000000

300000000

C.A

year

current ratio analysis

200

200


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NET PROFIT RATIO:

Net profitNet profit ratio: * 100

Net sales

year net profit Net sales Ratio

2009 8243339 726585633 1.13


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PROPRIETARY RATIO:

Proprietor fundsProprietary ratio: total assets * 100

Year Proprietor funds Total assets ratio

2008 126503399 212888595 59.42%

2009 183384553 281512636 65.14%

050000000

100000000

150000000200000000250000000300000000

Total

Assests

YEAR

Propreitors Ratio

200

200

0

50000000

100000000

150000000

200000000

Propreiters

Fund

Year

Propreiters Ratio

20

20


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FIXED CAPITAL ASSETS RATIO:

Long term liability + share capital + reserve

Fixed capital assets ratio: fixed capital

year Long term lia. + share cap.

+ reserve

Fixed assets Ratio

2008 364119203 309228833 1.18

2009 389559476 338939123 1.15

1.13

1.14

1.15

1.16

1.17

1.18

ratio

year

fixed capital assets ratio

20082009


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MARKETINGDEPARTMENT


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INTRODUCTION

The concepts of market are very important. Marketing is a

comprehensive learn. It includes primary resources such as human resources,

finance and management as well as a set of activities in order to direct the flow of

goods & services from producer to consumer in the process of exchange &

distribution.

Marketing defined as the process of exchange between seller & buyer.

It involves a number of inter related activities designed to plan promote, distribute

& price a product or service in order to meet the wants & needs of both the

parties in exchange.

Transaction via - Consumers & producer Philip Kotler defines marketing

as The human activity directed at satisfying needs & wants through exchange

process.

Marketing is the creating and delivery of standard of living to the

society. A total system of interacting the business activities designed to plan,

price promote & distribute want satisfying products & services to present &

potential customers.

According to the committee of American marketing association,

Marketing consists of performance of business activity that direct the flow of

goods and services from producers or supplier to the consumers and users.


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MARKETING FUNCTIONANALYSIS

Marketing is only function which directly deals with consumer. The

heart of modern marketing is creating customer values and satisfaction. The

common definition of marketing is delivery of customer satisfaction Profit. The

main goal of marketing is to attract new consumer by providing superior valuesand to keep current customer by delivery satisfaction.

Marketing is so basic that it cant be consider a separate function. It is

the whole business seen from the viewpoint of its final result that is from the

customer viewpoint.

Marketing is the analysis planning implementation and control of

programmers designed to bring about desired exchanges with target audiences

for the purpose of personal mutual gain. It relies heavily on the adoption and co-

ordination of product, price, promotion and place for achieving effective response.


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AREA DEPOT

1. Ahmedabad (Gujarat)2. Baroda (Gujarat)3. Surat (Gujarat)4. Bangalore (Karnataka)

5. Manglore (Karnataka)6. Hubli (Karnataka)7. Chandigarh (Punjab)8. New Delhi (Delhi)9. Ghaziabad (U.P.)10. Guwahati (Assam)

11. Indore (M.P.)12. Bhopal (M.P.)13. Jaipur (Rajasthan)14. Jodhpur (Rajasthan)15. Kolkata (West Bengal)16. Mumbai (Maharashtra)

17. Nagpur (Maharashtra)18. Pune (Maharashtra)19. Secunderabad (A.P.)


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CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION

Most producers use intermediaries to bring their product to market. They

try to force a distribution channel. A set of interdependent organization involved

in the process of making a product or services available for use or consumption

by the consumer or business users. Number of the intermediate shows the

length of the distribution channel.

DIRECT MARKETING CHANNEL:

Direct marketing channel has no intermediary levels. It consists of a

company selling directly to the consumers.

INDIRECT MARKETING CHANNEL:

Indirect marketing channels have one or more than one intermediaries

levels. As above diagram all the distribution channels level except channel the

examples of indirect marketing channels.

Now, we will discuss that Crystal is using which types of distribution channel.

Crystal is using both types of Marketing Channel.

(1) Indirect marketing channel

(2) Direct marketing channel


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CRYSTAL DISTRIBUTION

CHANNEL

CRYSTAL

CERAMIC

INDUSTRIES PVT.

LTD.

AREA DEPOT

DISTRIBUTERS

RETAILERS

CONSUMER


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MARKET SEGMENTATION

Marketing segmentation is the sub dividing of a market in to distinguishsub set of customers, where any subsets of customers may be selected as a

target market to be reached with distinguish marketing mix.

In segmenting markets, markets can apply Geographic, Demographic &

Psychographic variable related to consumer characteristics as well as Behavioral

variables related to consumer responses.

A. GEOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION:

Geographic segmentation calls for dividing the market into different

geographic units such as: nations, states, regions, countries, cities or

neighborhoods.

A Company may decide to operate in one or a few geographical area, or

to operate in all areas but pay attention to local variations in geographic

difference in needs and wants.

B. DEMOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION:

Demographic segmentation dividing market into group based on

demographic variable such as age, gender, family size, family life style, income,

occupation, education, religion, generation and nationality.

1. Age And Lifecycle Segmentation

2. Gender Segmentation

3. Income Segmentation


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AGE AND LIFE CYCLE SEGMENT:

Age & life cycle segmentation offering different product or using different

market approaches for different age & lifecycle groups.

GENDER SEGMENTATIN:

Gender segmentation dividing a market into different groups based on

gender. Gender segmentation has long been used in Clothing, cosmetics and

magazines.

INCOME SEGMENTATION:

Income segmentation divides a market into different income groups.

The marketers of products and services such as automobiles, boats, clothing,

cosmetics, financial services and travel have long used income segmentation.

Crystal has adopted geographic segmentation. The high-class people usedAlaska platinum tiles and lower Class people used Alaska silver.


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MARKET RESERCH CHART

Define the problem and

research objective

Develop the research plan

Analyze the information

Present the findings

Collect the information

Make the decision


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MARKET RESERCH PROCESS

Marketing research as the systematic design, collection, analysis, and

reporting of data and finding relevant to specific marketing situation facing thecompany. Marketing research process as under:

A. DEFINE THE PROBLEM AND RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:

Problems should not be defined either too broadly or too narrowly. A

very broad or vague definition leads to excessive wastage of resources. Too

narrow a definition leads to inadequate data or information that is to help take an

effective decision.

What is to be researched ( the content, the scope) and

Why is it to be researched ( the decision that are to be made)

B. DEVELOP THE RESEARCH PLAN:

The second stage of marketing research requires develop the most

efficient plan for gathering the needed information. This involves decision on the

sources, research approaches, research instruments, sampling plan, and contact

methods.

C. COLLECT THE INFORMATION:

Four major problems arise:

Some respondents will not be at home and must be contacted again or

replaced.

Other respondents will refuse to co-operate

Others will give biased or dishonest answers

Some interviewers will be based or dishonest


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D. ANALYZE THE INFORMATION:

The researcher tabulates the data and develops frequency distributions.

Averages and measures of dispersion are computed for the major variables. The

researcher will also apply some advanced statistical techniques and decision

models in the hope of discovering additional findings.

E. PRESENT THE FINDINGS:

The researcher should present findings that are relevant to major

marketing decisions facing management.

F. MAKE THE DECISION:

Depending on their confidence in the finding, managers decide to use

it, discard it, or carry out more research.


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CONCLUSION

Bachelor of business administration students have to visit any industrial

place and after completing this visit they have to prepare a project report on this

organization. I have visited crystal ceramic and complete my industrial tour. I

have to prepare the project report on the daily work of crystal ceramic. I have

included all the related information about the company.


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

I have referred following things for complete of my project:

The website : www.cryatalsahara.com

The information given by the company

The booklet of the company about the finance department
http://www.cryatalsahara.com/http://www.cryatalsahara.com/

Documents

Project Report on Crystal1