Project Report on Auto Mobiles

7/31/2019 Project Report on Auto Mobiles

1/72

@JNRFNRP

@me|rf Nj45 INR_JBV@RIJN

@me|rf Nj4? @JH\ENY \_JCIAF

@me|rf Nj40 \_JBV@R \_JCIAF

@me|rf Nj42 OEDED \AERINE (E AEY

JVR

@me|rf Nj46 @JNPVHF_ OFMESIJV_

@me|rf Nj42 JODF@RISFP

@me|rf Nj46 BERE ENEAYPIP #

INRF_\_FRERIJNP

@me|rf Nj43 CINBINGP

@me|rf Nj47 PVGGFRIJNP

Ennf}vf 4 UVFPRIJNNEI_F

OIOAIJG_E\MY


2/72

IH\J_REN@F JC EVRJ HJOIAFP


3/72

Cjh bewn rj bvpk! bey rj bey! in fsfyjnfp aicf! e`risirifp

èifb jvr oy hen insjasf hjsing cjh jnf |ae`f rj enjrmf.

Rmip hey of firmf gjjbp j hen mihpfac. Eaa rmf wenrp enb nffbp

jc hfn ef njr eseiaeoaf er ehp bipren`f enb eapj ir ip njr

|jppioaf cj eny jnf rj oviab e wjab cj mih. Rj hffr rmjpf nffbp

enb wenrp! renp|jrerijn mep of`jhf nf`fppey in fsfy jnfp

aicf.

Insfnrijnp oy feaif hen ef rmf fpvar jc rjbeyp hjpr

pj|miprièrfb! `jnsfnifnr enb rmf prerf(jc(er. Rf`mnjajgy in evrj

hjoiafp jn rmf Inbien ep wfaa ep cjfign jebp. Wirm rmf

|j|vaerijn

in`feping e|ibay! rmf evrjhjoiafp inbvpry eapj geinfb

hjhfnrvh. Njr rj hfnrijn! njw evrj hjoiafp mesf offn f|ae`fb

ep av}vy irfh rj jnf jc rmf oepi` ehfnirifp in aicf.

Ir wep eojvr mvnbfbp jc yfep egj! wmfn hen vpfb e |ei jc

ajgp enb pmffr jc wjjb j jrmf nervea herfiea |ae`fb jn rmf ajgp

cj hjsing rmingp cjh jnf |ae`f rj enjrmf enb ecrf rmf wmffa

wep insfnrfb oy rmf Ajb \jrrf! cvrmf rmf bfsfaj|hfnrp

rjjk |ae`f in rmip bif`rijn enb henveaay j|ferfb èrp wff pffn

ep rjja cj renp|jrerijn enb rmfn rmf enihea |vaafb èrp enb pj

jn.

Heny bfsfaj|hfnrp `jvab of pffn reaking |ae`f er e e|ib

|e`f wmfn Cjb wirm mip oiaaienr insfnrijn! ojvgmr e gfer

fsjavrijn in rmf renp|jr enb evrjhjoiaf inbvpry. Cjb cj rmf

cipr rihf wep pv``fppcva in insfnring e |jwf bisfn sfmiàf.


4/72

Rmf gjwrm enb hjhfnrvh gfnferfb in rmf aerf meac jc

figmrifp ip pigniciènr wirm gjwing nffbp enb bfhenbp. Seijvp

ry|fp jc sfmiàfp wff |jbv`fb in |eeaafa rj pvir rmf `menging

reprfp enb bfsfaj|fb rmf hjpr `jnsfnifnr enb `jhcjr sfmiàf

hjbfap jnf ecrf rmf jrmf.

Ic Inbie ip rj e``faferf inbvpriea gjwrm enb e`mifsf e

hedj pmef in irp `jh|jpirijn jc f}|jrp in cesjv jc ebbfb

|jbv`rp! inbvprifp aikf evrjhjoiafp mesf rj eppvhf e

fp|jnpioiairy.


5/72

@JH\ENY \_JCIAF


6/72

Oeded ip jnf jc Inbienp rj| rfn `jh|enifp in rfhp jc

hekfr `e|ireaiterijn enb ehjng rmf rj| cisf in rfhp jc rvnjsf.

Oeded ip rmf Rj| Cjvrm evrjhjoiaf `jh|eny in rwj enb

rmff wmffaf pfghfnr. Ir wep fpreoaipmfb in 5926! ir wep

in`j|jerfb ep e rebing `jh|eny. Cjh 592= riaa 5969! ir

ih|jrfb p`jjrfp enb rmff wmffafp cjh Ireay enb pjab rmfh in

Inbie. Ir rmfn joreinfb e |jbv`rijn ai`fnpf in 5969 enb prv`k e

rf`mni`ea `jaaeojerijn wirm \ieggij jc Ireay in 593


8/72

Oeded Evrj mep e rf`mni`ea rif(v| wirm Kewepeki Mfesy

Inbvprifp jc de|en rj |jbv`f e engf jc rmf aerfpr! prerf(jc(er

rwj(wmffafp in Inbie. Pin`f rmf rif(v| in 59=3! Oeded Evrj mep

aevn`mfb KO 5@eaiof 556! Winb 5?6 enb Inbiep cipr fea `vipf oikf! rmf

Kewepeki Oeded Faihinerj.

E Cjrvnf 6


9/72

OEDED \_JBV@R _ENGF


10/72

5. Oeded p`jjrfp

?. Oeded Oj}f

0. Oeded Oj}f @R! ER! E_

2. Oeded @eaiof

6. Oeded Faihinerj

3. Oeded Winb 5?6

7. Oeded Bip`jsfy BRP(I

=. Oeded @R ( 5


11/72

pmi| uveairifp enb mep e oenb jc bfsjrfb enb wjk hinbfb precc!

wmjpf nehfp ef hfnrijnfb jsfafec4

_emva Oeded @meihen

Hebmv Oeded Si`f @meihen

_edis Oeded Heneging Bif`rj

Pendis Oeded F}f`vrisf Bif`rj

_endir Gv|re Si`f \fpibfnr -Inpven`f)

@.\.Ri|ermi Si`f \fpibfnr -J|ferijnp)

N.M. Mingjeni Si`f \fpibfnr -J|ferijnp)

Kfsin Bpe Si`f \fpibfnr-Cinen`f)

\ebff| Pmiseprese Si`f \fpibfnr-Fnginffing)

P.Pibme Si`f \fpibfnr-Hekfring # Peafp ?

Wmffafp)

S.P._egmesen Si`f \fpibfnr-@j|jerf Cinen`f)

P._esiKvhe Si`f \fpibfnr-Ovpinfpp

Bfsfaj|hfnr)

K.Pinisep Si`f \fpibfnr-Mvhen _fpjv`fp)

Eoemeh Djpf|m Gfnfea Henegf-_fpfe`m #

Bfsfaj|hfnr)

D.Pibme @jh|eny Pf`frey


12/72

OEDED \AERINE (E AEY JVR


13/72

Oeded \aerine wirm fafgenr \aerinvh piasf `jaj enb

`mjhf ge|mi`p! ip èr`ming rmf fyfp jc heny cini`ky oikf ajsfp.

Ge|mi` rinr fnginf enb renphippijn wirm oae`k piafn`f ef feaay

è|risering rmf sifwfp.

Rj ebb hjf efprmfri` seavf rj rmip oikf! ir ip cvrmv

euvi||fb wirm f}àvpisf prfek bfpign pibf |enfap enb paffk ef

|enfap wirm cavib geo eia bfpign.

Jrmf hfnrijneoaf cfervfp cj heking rmip oikf hjf

faieoaf ef4

@mjhf mfer pmifab enb

Ennvae `mjhf ingp mjvpfb i e p|jry `jnpjaf.

Irp aigmring eengfhfnr aikf j|rj|iph mfeb àfe afnp

oainkf ip fn`jh|eppfb mff cj pecf ibing.

RF@MINI@EA P\F@ICI@ERIJN


14/72

Bihfnpijn # wfigmr

Jsfeaa mfigmr 5


15/72

_fe Bvh ry|f! 55< hh*50< hh

Ry|fp

Cjnr ?.76$57!25\

_fe 0.


16/72

@JNPVHF_ OFMESIJV_

@jnpvhf Ofmesijv ip e hij in wmi`m fsfy jnf pmjwp

mip -j) mf ihegf. Ofmesjiv ip rmf |j`fpp jc fp|jnbing rj


17/72

prihvai. @jnpvhf Ofmesijv ip rj bj wirm rmf e`risirifp jc

inbisibveap in joreining enb vping rmf gjjbp # pfsi`fp; ir

fn`jh|eppfp rmf bfìpijn heking |j`fpp rmer |f`fbfp enb

bfrfhinfp |v`mepfp. Ir ip Rmf |j`fpp wmff oy inbisibveap

bfìbf wmfrmf! wmer! wmfn! wmff! mjw enb cjdh wmjh rj

|v`mepf gjjbp enb pfsi`fp. @jnpvhf Ofmesijv jc |jrfnriea

`vrjhfp ep rmfy ofèhf ewef jc! fseaverf |v`mepf enb rfaa

jrmfp eojvr rmf |jbv`rp j pfsi`fp.

Rmf rfh `jnpvhf ofmesijv fcfp rj rmf Ofmesijv rmer

`jnpvhf bip|aeyp in pfe`ming! |v`meping! vping! fseavering enb

bip|jping jc |jbv`rp enb pfsi`fp rmer f}`f|r wiaa peripcy rmfi

nffbp.

Rmf prvby jc @jnpvhf Ofmesijv ip rmf prvby jc mjw

inbisibveap hekf bfìpijnp rj p|fnb rmfi eseaieoaf fpjv`fp

-rihf! hjnfy! fccjr) jn `jnpvh|rijn faerfb rfhp rfhp. Ir

inàvbf rmf prvby jc wmer rmfy ovy! mjf jcrfn rmfy ovvy enb mjw

jcrfn rmfy vpf ir.

@jnpvhf fpfe`m |jsibfp rmf oepip cj rmf bfsfaj|hfnr

jc nfw |jbv`r enb pfsi`fp `jn`f|rp rj hffr `jnpvhf regfr

nffbp. Ir eapj fneoafp rmf hekfrf rj oviab `jnpvhf hfening

inrj rmf |jbv`r j pfsi`f.

Oy bip`jsfing wmi`m erriovrfp ef hjpr ih|jrenr rj rmf

aegf hekfr enb inrfgerfb rmfh inrj rmf |jbv`r j pfsi`f

bfpign.


18/72

CE@RJ_P INCAVFN@ING @JNPVHF_

OFMESIJV_

Rmf cjaajwing rmf ce`rjp rmer incavfnìng `jnpvhf er rmf

rihf jc

|v`mepf.

5. @varvea Ce`rjp

?. Pjìea Ce`rjp

0. \fpjnea Ce`rjp

5) @varvea Ce`rj

e. @varvf4 @varvf ip rmf hepr oepi` cvnbehfnrea bfrfhinenr

jc e |fpjnp wenrp enb ofmesijv. _igmr cjh rmf rihf jc mip

oirm! e `miab gjwp v| in e pjìfry afening e `frein pfr jc seavfp!

|f`f|rijnp! |fcffn`fp! ofmesijv enb `vprjhp.

o. Pvo(`varvf4 Fe`m `varvf wiaa `jnrein pheaaf gjv|p

jc pvo `varvf rmer |jsibf hjf p|fìci` ibfnricièrijn enb

pjìeaiterijn cj irp hfhofp.

`. Pjìea @aepp4 Pjìea àepp hey rekf rmf cjh jc e

èprfpyprfh! wmff rmf hfhofp jc biccffnr èprfp ef fefb cj

`frein jafp enb ènnjr `mengf rmfi èprf rmfi èprf

hfhofpmi|.

?) Pjìea Ce`rjp

e. _fcffn`f Gjv|p4 E |fpjnp fcffn`f gjv|p ef

rmjpf gjv|p rmer mesf e bif`r j inbif`r incavfn`f jn e |fpjn.


19/72

Mf `jvab `jh|ipf jc |fj|af wirm wmjh mf inrfe`rp jn e

`jnrinvjvp oepf pv`m ep cehiay! cifnbp! nfigmojvp enb

`jaafegvfp.

o. Cehiay4 Hfhofp jc rmf ovyf cehiay èn f}fìpf e

prjng incavfn`f jn rmf ovyfp ofmesijv. Hekfrfp ef

inrffprfb in rmf jafp enb faerisf incavfn`f jc rmf mvpoenb! wicf!

`miabfn enb |efnrp jn rmf |v`mepf jc aegf seifry jc |jbv`rp

enb pfsi`fp.

`. _jaf enb prervp4 E |fpjn ip e hfhof jc heny

gjv|p(cehiay! àvop! jgeniterijn fr`.! enb rmf |fpjnp |jpirijn

in fe`m gjv| èn of bfcinfb in rfhp jc jaf enb prervp.

0) \fpjnea Ce`rjp

e. Egf enb pryaf jc aicf `yàf4 \fj|afp `mji`f jc gjjbp

enb pfsi`fp `mengf jsf rmfi aicfrihf. Rmip `mengf èn of

jopfsfb igmr cjh rmfi `miabmjjb rj herviry fp|fìeaay in reprf

enb |fcffn`f faerfb rj àjrmp! cvnirvf enb f`ferijn

e`risirifp.

o. J``v|erijn4 E |fpjnp j``v|erijn mep e bif`r fccf`r

jn mip `mji`f jc gjjbp enb pfsi`fp. E àfk wiaa |v`mepf |jbv`rp

wmi`m ef f`jnjhièa enb njr ovn mip |j`kfr; wmff ep e rj|

f}f`vrisf wiaa |v`mepf f}|fnpisf gjjbp enb pfsi`fp.

`. F`jnjhi` @jnpibferijnp4 E |fpjnp f`jnjhi`

ì`vhpren`fp `jnpipr jc mip*mf p|fnb eoaf in`jhf pesingp enb

eppfrp eoiairy rj ojjw enb errirvbf rjwebp p|fnbing sfpvp

pesing.


20/72

b. Aicf Pryaf4 E |fpjnp aicf pryaf fcfp jn rmf |fpjnp

|errfn jc aising f}|fppfb rmjvgm mip*mf e`risirifp! inrffprp! enb

j|inijnp.

f. \fpjneairy enb pfac `jn`f|r4 Fe`m |fpjn mep gjr e

biprin`risf |fpjneairy wmi`m wiaa incavfn`f mip*mf ovying

ofmesijv.

c. Hjriserijn4 Hjriserijn èn of peib rj of rmf innf bisf

rmer ip pvcciìfnr |fpping enb bif`rp rmf |fpjnp rj pffk

peripce`rijn jc rmf nffb.

g. \f`f|rijnp4 \f`f|rijn ip rmf |j`fpp jc pfaf`ring!

jgeniting enb inrf|fring j erre`ming hfening rj fsfnrp

me||fning in fnsijnhfnr.

m. Afening4 Afening bfpìofp `mengfp in inbisibveap

ofmesijv eiping cjh f}|fifn`f. Afening rmfjiprp pey rmer e

|fpjnp afening ip |jbv`fb rmjvgm rmf inrf|aey jc bisfp!

prihvai! `vfp! fp|jnpf enb fincj`fhfnr.

i. Ofaifc enb Errirvbfp4 E ofaifc ip rmf rmjvgmr rmer

|fpjn mjabp eojvr pjhfrming. En errirvbf èn of peib rj of e

|fpjnp fnbving cesjeoaf j vncesjeoaf `jgnirisf fseaverijn!

fhjrijnea cffaingp enb e`rijn rfnbfnìfp rjwebp pjhf jodf`r j

ibfe.

Rmf eojsf ce`rjp hekf rmf `jnpvhf rj |fcf e |eri`vae

|jbv`r enb pj rmer mf |fcf rmf |jbv`r cj vriairy.

PRF\P INSJASFB IN OVYING \_J@FPP


21/72

Rmf cjaajwing ef rmf prf|p insjasfb in Ovyf \j`fpp4(

NFFB _F@JGNIRIJN

INCJ_HERIJN PFE_@M

FSEAVERIJN ENB INRFNRIJN

\V_@MEPF BF@IPIJN

\JPR \V_@MEPF OFMESIJ_


22/72

JODF@RISFP JC RMF PRVBY

5. Rj cinb jvr fepjnp cj rmf |v`mepf jc oeded |aerine

?. Rj cinb jvr incavfn`f jc ebsfripfhfnrp * cifnbp fr`.! in

|v`mepf bf`ipijn.


23/72

0. Rj cinb wmer hebf `jnpvhf rj |v`mepf rmf oeded |aerine.

2. Rj cinb jvr rmf cfervfp rmer ef erre`rfb oy rmf |v`mepf

jc oeded |aerine.

6. Rj cinb jvr rmf afsfa jc peripce`rijn wirm |i`f jc oeded

|aerine.

3. Rj knjw wmfrmf rmfy |jhjrf oeded |aerine rj jrmfp j

njr.

7. Rj insfprigerf rmf afsfa jc peripce`rijn wirm rmf pfsi`f

fnbffb oy rmf bfeaf.

=. Rj knjw rmf afsfa jc peripce`rijn oy rmf |fcjhen`f jc

Oeded \aerine.

9. Rj re`f jvr rmf |joafhp in Oeded \aerine.

5


24/72

NVHOF_ JC _FP\JNBFNRPMESING OIKF


26/72

NVHOF_ JC _fp|jnbfnp

MESING SIKF

Yfp ! 7=&

Nj! ??&


27/72

HE_KFR PME_F JC BICCF_FNR

@JH\ENIFP

Nj jc_fp|jnbfnrp

_fp|jnbfnrp in &

?= ?=&

05 05&5< 5


28/72

rvnning `jh|enifp R.S.P enbYeheme jmfr `jh|enifp.

Pjvr`f4( Uvfpijnneirf

HE_KFR PME_F JC BICCF_FNR@JH\ENIFP

? =

0 5

5

Documents

Project Report on Auto Mobiles