International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy

THE HyFLEET:CUTE PROJECT

www.global-hydrogen-bus-platform.com

The HyFLEET:CUTE

Project is co-financed by the European

Union

London

Reykjavik

Amsterdam BerlinHamburg

Luxembourg

Madrid Barcelona

Beijing Perth

Project Partners

A Report on the Achievements and Learnings from The HyFLEET:CUTE Project 2006 – 2009EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Bus Technology & Fuel for TODAY and for a Sustainable Future.

HYDROGEN TRANSPORTS

The HyFLEET:CUTE

Project is co-financed by the European

Union

• Operation of 33 hydrogen fuel cell powered buses & design,

construction and testing of the next generation hydrogen fuel cell bus

• Design, construction and operation of 14 hydrogen-powered

internal combustion engine buses in Berlin

• Development and testing of a new hydrogen refuelling infrastructure in Berlin

• Continued operation, optimization and testing of existing hydrogen infrastructure

• Assessment of the environmental, social and economic impacts of the H2 powered buses

SEE Award Winner 2009

> 4 years of safe

operation

More than 8V million passengers transported

More than 555 thousand

kg of Hydrogen refuelledMore than

2V million kilometres

driven

Government Partners

Automotive Companies

Transport Companies

Energy Companies and Infrastructure Suppliers

Academic and Consulting

European Commission, www.ec.europa.euEuropean Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform

Government PartnersGovernment of Western Australia, Australia, www.dpi.wa.gov.auChina FCB Demonstration Project Management Office, People’s Republic of China, www.chinafcb.org.cn

Automotive Companies Daimler AG, Germany, www.daimler.comEvoBus GmbH, Germany, www.evobus.comMAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG, Germany, www.man-mn.comNEOMAN Bus, Germany, www.neoman.de

Transport CompaniesAutobus de la Ville de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, www.vdl.luBVG, Berlin, Germany, www.bvg.deEmpresa Municipal de Transportes de Madrid, Spain, www.emtmadrid.esGVB, Netherlands, www.gvb.nlHamburger Hochbahn AG, Germany, www.hochbahn.deLondon Bus Services Ltd., United Kingdom, www.tfl.gov.ukTransports de Barcelona S.A., Spain, www.tmb.net

Energy Companies and Infrastructure Suppliers Air Liquide, Division des Techniques Avancées, France, www.airliquide.comBP Gas Marketing Ltd., United Kingdom, www.bp.comHydrogenics Europe, www.hydrogenics.comIslensk NyOrka ehf (Icelandic New Energy Ltd.), Iceland, www.newenergy.isRepsol YPF, Spain, www.repsol.comShell Hydrogen B.V., Netherlands, www.shell.comStatoilHydro ASA, Norway, www.statoilhydro.comTOTAL Deutschland GmbH, www.total.comVattenfall AG, www.vattenfall.com

Academic and Consulting PartnersEuro Keys, Belgium, www.eurokeys.euInstituto Superior Técnico, Portugal, www.ist.utl.ptMVV Decon GmbH, Germany, www.decon.dePE International GmbH, Germany, www.pe-international.comPLANET – Planungsgruppe Energie und Technik GbR, Germany, www.planet-energie.deTechnische Universität Berlin, Germany, www.tu-berlin.deUniversity of Iceland, Iceland, www2.hi.isUniversity of Stuttgart, Institute for Building Physics (LBP), Germany, www.lbpgabi.uni-stuttgart.de

The HyFLEET:CUTE Project

Hydrogen (H2) Infrastructure Operations

Total Hydrogen dispensed 1] 555.951 kg

HyFLEET:CUTE Project only

Hydrogen dispensed 326.468 kg

Number of Refuellings 13.149

H2 produced on-site 158.455 kg

H2 delivered to site from external sources 232.322 kg

Average availability of the Stations Units 89,8 %

Hydrogen (H2) Bus Operations

Number of H2 Powered Buses Demonstrated 33 Hydrogen Fuel Cell Buses 14 Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine Buses

Kilometres Travelled H2 Fuel Cell (H2FC) Buses1] H2 Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Buses

2.161.208 km (1.081.485 in HyFLEET:CUTE) 415.408 km

Hours of Bus Operation H2FC Buses 1] H2ICE Buses

141.541 h (66.038 in HyFLEET:CUTE) 29.406 h

Bus Availability H2FC Buses1] H2ICE Buses2]

> 92 % 89 %

Number of Passengers Transported 1] > 8,5 million

Quality & Safety – Environmental & Societal Studies – Dissemination & Communication Activities

Accidents (Injury to Humans or the Environment) None

Number of independent performance incidents reported 279

Three most frequent performance incidents: • Interrupted operation of hydrogen station • Emergency shut-down • Gas or liquid leakages

50,6 % 8,6 % 7,8 %

Share of renewable energy used for on-site H2 generation 79 %

Diesel replaced > 1 million litres

Public Opinion: Proportion of the public supportive of substituting H2 buses for conventional buses Proportion of public who would accept increased prices for H2 powered transport

68 % 44 %

HyFLEET:CUTE Project Website (www.global-hydrogen-bus-platform.com): No of Subscribers to HyFLEET:CUTE News Service Number of News Items Unique Visitors HyFLEET:CUTE Video Hard Copies Distributed/Viewings on Website

800 93 > 67.000 547 / > 2.000

Partner Activities: Events (community open days; school visits etc) Scientific Presentations Community Presentations

170 60 140

“There is no doubt that Europe and the world are facing a paradigm change in the future as we move from our present fossil fuel based energy systems to a new energy and fuel mix which will include hydrogen...

I congratulate all the HyFLEET:CUTE partners for their highly successful and ground breaking work.”

Matthias RueteDirector-General, Energy and Transport, European Commission

In our view...By any measure, the HyFLEET:CUTE Project has been an outstanding success. The more than 2V million kilometres travelled, the 170.947 hours of bus operation and the 555 tonnes of hydrogen dispensed are clear testament in themselves.

It is equally clear that the future of energy for transport is, at best, uncertain and that it may well involve disruptive changes within our communities.

Added to this, there is strong evidence of wide-spread and strong public support for governments to implement, or to require the implementation, of clean public transport.

In this context, the fact that the hydrogen public transport vehicle and refuelling technology works reliably and safely and can be commercialised holds significant promise.

However, there are a number of challenges that need to be overcome:

The bus technology must be able to be operated with minimal special support in a standard public transport bus fleet;

The purchase price of the buses must be significantly reduced to coincide with commercialisation;

Procurement decisions should not be based only on first cost, but rather on lifetime operational costs; including external costs associated with carbon fuels and pollutants;

Hydrogen must be able to be produced cheaply and through renewable means;

Hydrogen infrastructure, especially the electrolyser and steam reformer units which are the key components of on-site H2 production and also the hydrogen compressors and dispensing equipment, must be able to operate as reliably as the buses.

The future for successful and imminent commercialisation of hydrogen powered public transport lies undoubtedly in more vigorous and broadly-based ‘buy-in’ from industry and the political stakeholders; in both recognising the coming disruption, and planning for it. The general public has already demonstrated strong buy-in; well in advance of these other stakeholders, and is expecting industry and government leaders to catch up sooner rather than later.

Hydrogen transport projects need to move quickly from development and demonstration to large scale projects involving large fleets of buses. These fleets must be fuelled with hydrogen which is generated through renewable means, and where the buses are fully integrated into normal commercial public transport bus operations. At this point we will finally have achieved a truly sustainable transport initiative.

The HyFLEET:CUTE Partners.

The Future for Hydrogen Powered Public Transport

Contact Person:Mrs Monika Kenzler, E-mail: monika.kentzler@daimler.com; Web Address: www.global-hydrogen-bus-platform.com.

Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the European Commission is responsible for the use made of the information contained in this publication.

Design by Design unter Teck, D-73230 Kirchheim/Teck, Germany, www.designunterteck.de Cover Illustration by Tommi Süssmilch, D-73230 Kirchheim/Teck, Germany, www.tommi-suessmilch.dePrinted by Druckerei Hertle GmbH, D-73230 Kirchheim/Teck, Germany on FSC certified paper

1] Figures are inclusive of the previous H2 bus projects (CUTE; ECTOS; STEP, FCBB) & the HyFLEET:CUTE (Jan. 2006 – July 2009) project. 2] Figure is for Naturally Aspirated H2ICE Buses only

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Achievements of the HyFLEET:CUTE Project

The 43 million Euro HyFLEET:CUTE project has been the World’s largest hydrogen powered bus project. It has involved the operation of 47 hydrogen powered buses in regular public transport service in 10 cities on three continents (see back cover). Thirty-one government, industry, research and con-sulting partners contributed to the project. It commenced in 2006 and concludes at the end of 2009. Its aim was to diversify and reduce energy consumption in the transport system by developing new, fuel efficient hydrogen powered bus technology, and clean, efficient and safe production and distribution of hydrogen as a transport fuel.

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This brochure constitutes the executive summary of the public report detailing the achievements of the HyFLEET:CUTE project and the future outlook for Hydrogen powered city buses. While it gives a brief overview, it should be read in conjunction with the full report which is available under Information Centre, Downloads at: www.global-hydrogen-bus-platform.com

H2FC Buses Hamburg

H2 Refueller Berlin

H2 Refueller Hamburg

H2 ICE Buses Berlin