Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Jan. 2005

THALES CommunicationsSlide 1

doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Submission Title: [THALES UWB Impulse Radio System ]Date Submitted: [January 3rd, 2005]

Source: [(1) Serge HETHUIN, Isabelle BUCAILLE, Arnaud TONNERRE, Fabrice LEGRAND, (2) Dr. Jurianto JOE]Company [(1) THALES Communications France, (2) CELLONICS]Address [(1) 146 Boulevard de VALMY, Colombes 92704 FRANCE (2) 20 Science Park Road 117674 SINGAPORE]Voice:[(1) : +33 (0)1 46 13 24 44, (2) : (65) 68 74 90 10 ]E-Mail:[(1) : [email protected], (2) : [email protected] ]

Re: [Response to Call for Proposals]

Abstract: [This document proposes THALES Communications’s PHY proposal for the IEEE 802.15.4 alternate PHY standard]

Purpose: [Proposal for the IEEE802.15.4a standard]

Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

Jan. 2005


doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Serge HETHUIN (THALES Communications)Dr. Jurianto JOE (CELLONICS)

THALES Communications, CELLONICS

Proposal for IEEE 802.15.4a

UWB Impulse Radio

Jan. 2005


doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Contents

• Proposal overview

• System description

• Location Awareness

Jan. 2005


doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Proposal overview

Jan. 2005


doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

UWB Impulse Radio System

PRP = 40 ns, PRF = 25 MHz max

time

RF

Receiver

DATA

Transmitter

FPGA

Pulse Generato

r

PA LNA BB

DATA

Jan. 2005


doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

UWB Pulse and Spectrum

Example: • 4ns Gaussian Pulse• 1st Frequency Center

= 3.35GHz• 10dB BW= 500MHz• Tx Power (average)

= - 14.3dBm

Objective:Pulse with500MHz BW

FCC Mask

5.1-5.6GHz sub-band is turned off.

(enhance coexistence)

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Proposal main features

• Low Power Consumption:o Very Simple Architectureo One Bit ADC

• Low Cost:o CMOS Implementation

• High Location Accuracy: o Narrow Pulse ~75cm in 70m region (AWGN)

• Scalability:by using :o compression gaino different PRFs 350kbps @70m, … , 25Mbps @10m

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

System Description

- PHY layer characteristics- Topologies and access protocol- Solution maturity

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

PHY layer: Parameters

6363OOK25396 kbps

2.5

2.5

2.5

25

PRF (MHz)

1515OOK166 kbps

77OOK357 kbps

11OOK2.5 Mbps

11OOK25 Mbps

Pulses / bitCompression gain

(Spread Factor)ModulationData Rate

4ns Gaussian Pulse Data Rate depends on:

compression gain (~ Spread Factor) PRF

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

PHY layer: Link Budget

dBm-14.3-14.3Transmit Power(4ns Gaussian Pulse)

UnitsValue

25Mbps 10mValue

350kbps 70mParameters

dBm-174-174Noise Power Density

dB7.07.0Receiver Total NF

dB4.94.9Margin

dB10.010.0Required Eb/N0 @BER=0.001

dBi0.00.0Antenna gain

dB2.02.0Implementation Loss

dB20.037.0Additional Path Loss at 70m,10m

-2.02.0Decay coefficient

m1070Distance

dB4444Path Loss at 1m

kbps25000357Data Rate

　17Spread Factor

MHz252.5PRF

MHz33503350Center Frequency

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

PHY layer: Transceiver architecture

MAC

PG

Non-coherent detector

Spreading &

Modulation

Digital Block

Matched FilterSignal AcquisitionTrackingRangingEtc.

<100kgates1-bit ADC

DATA

DATA

Digital PHY

LNA

LNA

BB amp

BPF

TRANSMITTER

RECEIVER

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

PHY layer: Modulation & Spreading

25MHz, 2.5MHzPRF

Digital Matched FilterDespreading

Coded SequenceKasami (15, 63) and Gold (7)

Spreading

OOKModulation

3350±250MHz (10dB BW)RF Frequency

Specifications

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

PHY layer: Synchronization

Synchronization in 2 steps:• Pulse Edge detection • Sequence Correlation using Digital Matched Filter

Code Correlator

DATA

Digital Domain

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Topologies and access protocol

Coordinator

Anchor node

FFD (Full Function Device)

RFD (Reduced Function Device)

Multiple Access: CDMA (inter-piconet) 802.15.4 (intra-piconet)

PANCoordinator

Code 1

Code 2

Code 3

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Topologies and localization

PANCoordinator

Code 1

Code 2

Code 3

Coordinator

Anchor node

FFD (Full Function Device)

RFD (Reduced Function Device)

Node to be located

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Frame format

PPDU

Bytes:

PHY Layer

Preamble

4 1

FrameLength

SFD

1

MPDU

FrameControl

Seq. # Address

Data Payload CRC

Bytes: 2 1 0/4/8 2

MAC Sublayer

n

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Technical Feasibility and Maturity

TRANSMITTER

4 ns

2-componentUWB IR Generator

4 ns

FPGA

DATA

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Submission

Technical Feasibility and Maturity

Square-lawDetector

FPGA

DATA

RECEIVER

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Prototypes characterization with a Test Bed• Communication Analyzer:

Generates PN Sequence Binary data to feed into FPGA TX.

• FPGA TX:

Encodes the binary data into OOK BB pulse and feeds it into the UWB Pulse Generator.

• Variable Attenuator:

Allows S/N to be varied.

• UWB receiver:

Converts the UWB signal to OOK BB pulse and feeds into FPGA RX.

• FPGA RX:

Decodes the pulses into binary data and feeds them back to the communication analyzer.

• Communication analyzer:

Internally compares the recovered sequence with the generated sequence.

PN SequenceBinary Data

Communication Analyzer

OOK BBPulses

VariableAttenuator

RecoveredPN Sequence

FPGA RXFPGA TX

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Results of transceivers testing

• Consumption: Tx=15 mA, Rx= 25 mA Comparable to Tx and Rx power consumption in 802.15.4

• Data rate and range: 25 Mbps : 15m (@ RF power=-14dBm) 250 kbps : 150m

• Location Accuracy: 75cm with a range up to 70m

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Submission

Location Awareness

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Submission

Location Awareness

• Multilateration for Location Awareness: Two modes with at least 3 known-position nodes

Two-way ranging method (RTT based)

One-way ranging method (TOA based)

• High Location Accuracy: AWGN: 75cm @ 70m Range

RFD

FFD(Anchor)

RFD

FFD(Anchors)

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Submission

Mode 1: Two-Way Ranging method (TWR)

• Advantages Each measurement can be done sequentially Possible extension to the case without anchors

• Synchronization No need of fine Sync.

• Accuracy Error is the combination of the detection in the two nodes

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

TWR System Deployment

No need of Synchronization by a nodeAsynchronous Anchors

Node

Processing station & Data Base

Control station

Anchor 3

Anchor 1

Anchor 2

RTT(d1)

RTT (d2) RTT

(d3)

Wireless/Wired Network

Distance d1

d2

d3

Calculation of the Node Location based on the RTTs and the Reference

Locations

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

TWR Based Measurement

time

Answer received in anchor 1

time

Anchor 1

Node to be located

time

Interrogation from anchor 1

Anchor 2

Anchor 3

Node to be located

Node to be located

Answer from anchor 1

RTT(d1) information sent to the server

RTT(d1)

RTT(d2)

RTT(d3)



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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Mode 2: One-Way Ranging method (OWR)

• Advantage Can relax the RFD specifications

• Transmit Only No need of detection in the node to be located

• Accuracy Accuracy depends only on the clock of the FFD

• Synchronization More touchy than using RTT/TWR

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

OWR System Deployment

Synchronization by a node

TOA : t0+t1

t2

t3

Synchronizationstation

Node

Processing station & Data Base

Control stationAnchor 3

Anchor 1

Anchor 2

Wireless/Wired Network

Calculation of the Node Location based on the TOAs and the Reference

Locations

TOA : t0+t2

TOA : t0+t3

t1

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

OWR Based Measurement

t0

time

Node to be located

Anchor 3

Signal sent by the node to be located

Anchor 1

Anchor 2

time

t0+t2

t0+t1

t0+t3

t1

t2

t3

TOA(t0+t1) information sent to the server



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doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

• Multipath study

• Modulation improvements

• FDMA extension

• Localization experiments: In free space, rural and urban environments Comparison with MATLAB simulations

• Coherent receivers: Comparison with non-coherent receivers

On-going tasks

Jan. 2005


doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0058-00-004a

Submission

Conclusion

UWB IR main features:BW=500MHz4ns Gaussian Pulse with PRF of 25MHz/2.5MHzOOK modulation

Very low complexity and Very low cost Scalable (25Mbps at 10m, …, 350kbps at 70m, …)

Location Awareness: Two possible modes: TWR or OWR 75cm in 70m region (AWGN)

Documents

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)