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COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ
Project CAP ReD : Cherry Apricot Plum
Reduction of inputs and Sustainability of
production systems
Project led by Ctifl – Partners : AREFE / BIP / CEFEL / CENTREX / INRA
Bordeaux / INRA Gotheron / La Pugère / La Tapy / SERFEL
Results 2015 of a cherry plot under row-by-row nets at La Tapy
COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ
Presentation of the only cherry plot (La Tapy)
Main objective : reduce the use of inputs by at least 50 %
Year of planting : 2012
Training system : Free Axis
Distance of planting : 4 x 1,5m
Varieties : Belge and Regina
Rootstock : Gisela 6
3 modalities :
• PFI, or IPM (3 rows)
• ECO50 (5 rows)
Under nets, mechanical weeding
• Untreated control (1 row)
28 trees
COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ
Net device
Plastic roof
Protection against rain
and cracking
Width : 1,4m
Net
Protection against flies
Mesh : 6 x 6
COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ
Climatic conditions under the net
Recording of temperatures under and out the net from May 21st to June 26th
Average day difference of 0,36°C
Major peak with the first ray of sunlight, ±2°C of difference at midday
Temperature is colder under the nets during the night
°C [T° sous filet] – [T° hors filet]
(T° under net – T° out net)
May 26th
Treatments schedule
Action Target Date Product(s) PFI ECO50 TNT
FUNGICIDE
Bacteriosis
09/10 BB RSR X X X
13/11 BB RSR X X
18/03 BB RSR X X
Monilia
flowers 18/04 Horizon Arbo X
Monilia
fruits
24/05
10/06
16/06
Switch
Rovral AF
Rovral AF
X
X
X
INSECTICIDE
Black aphid 19/03 Ovipron plus
+ Karaté Zéon
X
X
X
X
Flies
24/05
03/06
10/06
16/06
RogorPlus
Imidan 50WG
Decis Protech
Karis
X
X
X
X
WEEDKILLER Weeds 24/04 Glyphosate (3l/ha)
Surflan (6l/ha)
X
X
CHEMICAL IFT (Treatment Frequency Index) 11,24 3,24 0,48
GREEN IFT 0,8 0,8 0
Interventions phytosanitaires
• The device nets + plastic cover allows to decrease strongly the phytosanitary
treatments
• No treatment from blossom to harvest on the modality ECO50
Only the 3 treatments against bacteriosis to secure the orchard and 1 preventive
treatment against black aphid
• No chimical weeding on the modality ECO50, replaced with 2 mechanical
weeding
Use of inputs decreased of 71%
COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ
Climatic conditions and season
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1-mars 1-avr. 1-mai 1-juin 1-juil.
Pluie
T° min
T° max
Humidité moy
• Cherry season hot and dry
Heavy rain (80mm) just before the harvest
• Belge harvest : June 19th / Regina harvest : June 23rd
Blossom Nets
COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ
Rain
Mean humidity
0
5
10
15
20
25
Belge Régina
PFI
ECO50
Production
Raw production (first year of full production)
• Lower charge on ECO50 than on PFI, due to a difference of pruning (pruning
more severe so that trees hold under the net)
• Higher caliber on ECO50 (in particular Regina), due to lower charge
Yield (t/ha) Calibre (mm)
Flies activity
0
1
2
3
17-avr. 24-avr. 01-mai 08-mai 15-mai 22-mai 29-mai 05-juin
2014 2015
D. suzukii
R. cerasi
COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ
Num
be
r o
f a
du
lts c
atc
he
d
Flies damage
• Flies damage similar on PFI and ECO50, lower than untreated control
• A few R. cerasi damage on ECO50 due to a later closing of the nets.
Nets have an efficiency of 100% against D. suzukii
%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
R. cerasi D. suzukii Healthy fruits R. cerasi D. suzukii Healthy fruits
Belge Régina
Untreated control PFI ECO50
Quality
• A lot of cracking on Belge, due to the strong thunderstorm on June 13th
The plastic cover allows to decrease cracking of 49%
• Others damage are mainly marking
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
PFI ECO50 PFI ECO50
Belge Régina
Eclatement non commercialisable
Eclatement commercialisable
% %
Cracking Marketable production
COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ
Marketable cracking Unmarketable cracking
Cost of the material
For 1ha, device [net + plastic cover] = 35 000 €
For 1ha, net = 23 500€
Cost € / m²
Net Alt’carpo [4x4] 0,32 € Mature market
Net Alt’fly [4x5] 0,54 €
Not mature market Net D. suzukii [6x6] 0,70 €
Net D. suzukii [6x6] +
plastic cover 1,15 €
COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ
Conclusions
Strong decrease of inputs using, objective of -50% reached
ECO50 system allows the same protection than PFI system
ECO50 system need to be evaluated under difficult climatic
conditions
Need of a technic-economical analysis multiannual for validate the
profitability of a protection by nets
Net cost is significant
COST Cherry – Training school « Rootstocks and training systems » - 02 février 2016 - B. Dufaÿ