Centerberetning 2004 for Skov & Landskab Bilag A10

Progress Report 2004 – Performance Contract 2004-7

PROGRESS REPORT 2004 Performance Contract 2004-7 Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, KVL

Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, KVL April 2005

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Table of Contents Table of Contents ...............................................................................................................................1 Abbreviations and acronyms ............................................................................................................3 1. Introduction....................................................................................................................................5 2. Overall progress assessment .........................................................................................................6 3. Progress in relation to the performance goals for the contract period 2004-7.........................7

Goal 1: To document the scientific quality of the development research work, a minimum of four peer-reviewed articles shall be published annually ..........................................................................7 Goal 2: On average, over a three-year period, four papers shall be prepared by FLD staff and presented annually at workshops, seminars or conferences of relevance to the FLD-activities covered by this contract ....................................................................................................................7 Goal 3: A minimum of three international research and development programmes, within technical fields relevant for Danida’s countries for collaboration, are under implementation from 2005 and onwards .............................................................................................................................8 Goal 4: FLD participates in at least ten relevant Danish and international networks related to its international work.............................................................................................................................8 Goal 5: At least three ’partnership agreements’ with selected institutions, preferably in Danida’s major countries for collaboration are under implementation from 2005..........................................9 Goal 6: FLD supports education in developing countries through implementation of science based education programmes and technical training programmes, and through promoting students from developing countries to follow relevant courses at KVL .................................................................9 Goal 7: To ensure the required development of competencies it is the intention continuously to exchange technical staff between Danida and FLD .......................................................................10 Goal 8: At least five publications produced and distributed free of charge annually to a minimum of 500 receivers per publication .....................................................................................................10 Goal 9: FLD implements at least three seminars, workshops or training courses related to its activities in developing countries per year .....................................................................................10 Goal 10: FLD maintains a homepage with updated information related to FLD activities in developing countries, and with facilities to download publications and information on FLD activities/programmes.....................................................................................................................11 Goal 11: FLD publishes an International Newsletter with four issues a year ................................11 Goal 12: The financial turnover related to FLD’s development and environment programme increased by 30 % by the end of 2007 as compared to the individual programmes of the four merging institutions ........................................................................................................................11 Goal 13: FLD is by end of 2007 an internationally recognised institution within its field. By the end of 2007, at least three of the most important international donors (EU, World Bank, regional development banks) draw on the expertise of FLD........................................................................11 Goal 14: FLD undertakes, seen as an average of three years, minimum ten months of short-term consulting service per year .............................................................................................................12

Annex 1 Financial status..................................................................................................................13 Annex 2 Technical status .................................................................................................................15

1. Publication and information service ...........................................................................................16 2. Seed bank....................................................................................................................................17 4. Improved seed systems for agroforestry in Africa (ISSAAC) ...................................................17 5. The TISC/DFSC partnership programme...................................................................................18

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6. The CNSF/DFSC partnership programme..................................................................................20 7. People, trees and agriculture in Africa .......................................................................................21 8. Commercial distribution of tree seed in small bags in Nepal.....................................................23 9. Guidelines for organisation of tree seed programmes ................................................................24 10. Forest gene conservation strategies ..........................................................................................24 11. Practical guidelines for conservation of genetic resources of trees..........................................24 12. Framework species ...................................................................................................................25 13. Seed leaflets ..............................................................................................................................25 14. Species leaflets..........................................................................................................................25 15. Network on recalcitrant seed ....................................................................................................25 16. Improvement of West African Teak - WAFT ..........................................................................26 17. Finalisation of arid zone trials ..................................................................................................26 18. The International Neem Network .............................................................................................26 19. Extension Material....................................................................................................................26 20. International Co-ordinator ........................................................................................................27 21. Cocoa application to CDR........................................................................................................28 22. Enhancing the knowledge base on valuable trees in cocoa in West Africa..............................28 23. Development of application to CDR on species testing in Bolivia ..........................................29 24. EU INCO-DEV application – SAFRUIT .................................................................................29 25. Development of EU-application on decentralised tree seed supply .........................................29 26. Development of collaboration with ICRAF .............................................................................30 27. ENRECA application Tanzania (initiative pool)......................................................................30 28. Programme management ..........................................................................................................30 29. Secretary and bookkeeping.......................................................................................................30 30. Project support management.....................................................................................................31 31. Staff training, seminars, meetings ............................................................................................31 32. Training activities .....................................................................................................................31 33. Library ......................................................................................................................................31 34. International Advisory Committee ...........................................................................................31

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Abbreviations and acronyms ADB Asian Development Bank APFORGEN Asia Pacific Forest Genetic Resources Network CBO Community based organisation CDR Danish Council for Development Research CDRI Cambodia Development Resource Institute CFSC Central Forest Seed Company, Vietnam CIRAD Centre de la Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le

Développement, France CNSF Centre Nationale de Semences Forestières, Burkina Faso CRIG Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana CTSP Cambodia Tree Seed Project Danida Danish International Development Assistance DFID United Kingdom Department for International Development DFSC Danida Forest Seed Centre DKK Danish Crowns ENRECA ENhancing REsearch Capacity project ERDB Environmental Research and Development Bureau, Philippines ETFRN European Tropical Forestry Research Network EU European Union FA Forestry Administration, Cambodia FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FFNC Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation, Sokoine University of

Agriculture, Tanzania FFS Farmer field school FLD Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, KVL FORIG Forest Research Institute of Ghana FRIM Forest Research Institute of Malawi FSIV Forest Science Institute of Vietnam GEF Global Environmental Facility GEPPA Network for governance, economic policy and public administration GIS Geographical Information System IA Institute of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen IAC International Advisory Committee ICRAF International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (World Agroforestry

Centre) ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics IE International Unit, FLD IER Institut d’Economie Rurale, Mali IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture INCO-DEV International Scientific Co-operation Projects – Research for Development.

EU 6th Framework Programme. INERA Institut Nationale de l’Environnement et de Recherche Agricole, Burkina

Faso INRAN Institut Nationale de Recherche Agricole du Niger IPGRI International Plant Genetic Resources Institute IRL Istituto per la ricerca sul legno, Italy

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ISSAAC Inproved seed supply systems for agroforestry in Africa ITTO International Timber Trade Organisation IUCN International Union for the Conservation of Nature IUFRO International Union of Forest Research Organisations KVL Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark LEI Lanbouw Economisch Instituut, the Netherlands LFA Logical Framework Approach MoU Memorandum of Understanding NARMSAP Natural Resource Management Sector Assistance Programme, Nepal NETARD Danish Network for Agricultural Research for Development NGO Non governmental organisation NTSC National tree seed centre OFI Oxford Forestry Institute PASACH Programa Apoyo Programatico Sectorial a la Agricultura PCDSMA Programa de Cooperacion Danesa al Sector Medio Ambiente Petrea People, Trees and Agriculture in Africa PFM Participatory forest management ReNED Research Network for Environment and Development SAC Scientific Advisory Committee SEREIN Sahel-Sudan Environmental Research Initiative SLUSE Sustainable Land Use in South East Asia SODEFOR Societe de developpement des forets, Côte d’Ivoire STCP Sustainable Tree Crops Programme TAFORI Tanzania Forestry Research Institute TISC Tree Improvement and Silviculture Component, NARMSAP, Nepal UFAG U-landsfagkoordinatorgruppen, KVL UWB University of Bangor, Wales, United Kingdom VTSP Vietnam Tree Seed Project WB World Bank WCS Wildlife Conservation Society WWF World Wide Fund for Nature

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1. Introduction This report summaries achievements and resource consumption in 2004 under the Performance Contract 2004-7 between the Danish Centre of Forest, Landscape and Planning, KVL and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Chapter 2 provides a brief technical, administrative and financial status of the activities under the Performance Contract in 2004. Chapter 3 gives an assessment of the progress with regard to the 14 goals stipulated in the Performance Contract 2004-7. Annex 1 holds the financial status 2004 and the final accounts for 2004. Finally, Annex 2 provides a status on the progress and outputs of the activities/projects under the Performance Contract in 2004. The 2004 activities under the Performance Contract are also reported as part of the overall annual reporting of the Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, KVL.

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2. Overall progress assessment 2004 was the first year of the Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, KVL (FLD) and can be characterised as a year with considerable challenges regarding setting up of administrative procedures and systems, and for redefinition of tasks and responsibilities. This holds true for all activities and staff within the new centre, including the Performance Contract. Apart from administrative procedures, time and efforts have gone into staff familiarising themselves with new colleagues. Former DFSC staff relocated from Humlebæk to FLD premises in Hørsholm and Frederiksberg in February 2004. The former DFSC staff have been embedded in the Department for Management of Forest Genetic Resources (10 former DFSC staff) and the Department of Economics, Policy and Operational Planning (3 former DFSC staff). Although there were challenges related to administrative procedures and staff integration, the majority of the planned activities have been implemented as scheduled, see Appendix 2. Moreover, most of the performance goals with a deadline in 2004 have been achieved, see Chapter 3. Synergies from the merger have begun to emerge: Former DFSC staff have begun lecturing in relevant courses offered by FLD, they have acted as supervisors for BSc and MSc students in thesis work, they have worked as censors, and they have participated in PhD evaluation. Moreover, staff from other part of FLD (non DFSC staff) have been integrated in activities under the Performance Contract in 2004. Many more synergies are expected from 2005 and onwards. The strategy for the FLD development and environment programme 2004-8 was finalised late 2004. FLD now has an agreed document to guide the implementation of the development and environment programme, including the activities under the Performance Contract, over the coming years. Financial management of the funds under the Performance Contract has been hampered by the many problems related to the new FLD financial management and accounting system. This not only holds for the activities under the Performance Contract, but for all FLD activities. The financial status for 2004 (ref. Annex 1) shows a total spending of 6,515,446 DKK compared to a budget of 7,000,000. The balance (484,554 DKK) is transferred to the 2005 budget.

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3. Progress in relation to the performance goals for the contract period 2004-7

Goal 1: To document the scientific quality of the development research work, a minimum of four peer-reviewed articles shall be published annually Goal 1 is achieved 100 % with the below 5 scientific papers submitted/accepted/printed in 2004. 1. Krog, M.; I. Theilade; H. Hansen and C.K. Ruffo: Estimating use-values and relative

importance of trees to the Kaguru people in semi-arid Tanzania. Forest, Trees and Livelihoods (accepted);

2. Dhakal, L.P., H. Aryal, E. D. Kjær, J. P. B. Lillesø and I. Nathan: The potential of genetic improvement of Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb) in provision of economical benefits to tree planting farmers in Nepal. Forest Policy and Economics (submitted);

3. Jha, P.K., L. P. Dhakal, E. D. Kjær, and J.P.B. Lillesø: Improving productivity of the Camel foot tree (Bauhinia purpurea) for tree planting farmers in Nepal. Agroforestry Systems (submitted);

4. Dhakal, L.P., P. K. Jha and E. D. Kjær: Genetic analysis of mortality in Dalbergia sissoo following heavy infection by Aristobia horridula bettles. Are there genetic differences in susceptibility? Silva Genetica (submitted);

5. Jensen, J.S.; J. Mtika and P. Iversen: Assessment of four Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) International Provenance Trials in Tanzania. Forest Genetics (in press).

Paper No. 1 is one of the outcomes of the People, Trees and Agriculture in Africa (Petrea) project. Papers 2-4 are results of the TISC/DFSC partnership programme (Activity No. 5). Paper No. 5 is prepared within the framework of the International Neem Network project (No. 18). Reprints of the papers are available on request.

Goal 2: On average, over a three-year period, four papers shall be prepared by FLD staff and presented annually at workshops, seminars or conferences of relevance to the FLD-activities covered by this contract Goal 2 is achieved 100 % in 2004 through preparation and presentation of the below four papers: 1. Chirwa, P.W. and A.P. Pedersen: ’Institutional survey of tree seed production and distribution

in Malawi’. Workshop on Agroforestry Tree Seed in Malawi, September 2004; 2. Moestrup, S. and J.P.B. Lillesø: ’A new model for national tree seed systems’. ISSAAC

workshop in Uganda, June 2004; 3. Moestrup, S. and J.P.B. Lillesø: ’Tree seed systems - past and future’. ISSAAC workshop in

Uganda, June 2004; 4. Raebild, A.; E. D. Kjaer and L. Graudal: Performance of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile

seedlots in an international series of provenance trials. IUFRO conference on Multi-purpose trees in the tropics held at Jodhpur, November 2004.

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The three first listed papers are produced within the ‘Improved Seed Systems for Agroforestry in Africa project (ISSAAC) project and presented at workshops of this project (ref. Activity No. 4). Paper 4 is prepared under the arid zone trial project (Activity No. 17). The papers are available on request.

Goal 3: A minimum of three international research and development programmes, within technical fields relevant for Danida’s countries for collaboration, are under implementation from 2005 and onwards

Goal 3 is to be achieved from 2005 and onwards. Various activities have been carried out in 2004 in support of this, including:

• Submission of ’Sahelian Fruit Tree’ Application to EU, which has been successfully evaluated by EU and implementation will start 2005. See further description under Activity No. 24;

• Submission of ’Cocoa, farmers and shade trees in West Africa’ application to CDR. Rejected (ref. Activity No. 21);

• Submission of ’Species testing of trees, bushes and grasses for improvement of the livelihood of farmers living in the Chuquisaca and Potasi departments in Los Valles in Bolivia’ application to CDR (initiative pool). Ref. Activity No. 23;

• EU proposal on decentralised seed supply (East Africa) to be submitted in 2005 to EU ’Tropical Forest Budget line’. Further details under Activity No. 25;

• Elaboration of application for CDR initiative pool (ENRECA project) to be submitted 1st March 2005 (ref. Activity 27).

Goal 4: FLD participates in at least ten relevant Danish and international networks related to its international work This goal has been achieved 100% in 2004. FLD staff has – as part of activities under the Performance Contract - participated in activities under the following networks: ReNED NETARD KVL UFAG ETFRN (European Tropical Forest Research Network) APFORGEN (Asia Pacific Forest Genetic Resources Network) GEPPA (Network for governance, economic policy and public administration) IUFRO Danida Working Group for Environment and Poverty International Neem Network Suppliers Network (Danish Trade Council)

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The above listed networks are ’formal’ network structures, but in addition, FLD staff has in 2004 participated in more informal network structures, e.g. the networks established as part elaboration and implementation of EU funded projects, which require a significant number of partners.

Goal 5: At least three ’partnership agreements’ with selected institutions, preferably in Danida’s major countries for collaboration are under implementation from 2005 A Partnership Agreement has been signed for continued collaboration with the Centre National de Semences Forestieres (CNSF), Burkina Faso as a direct result of the activities under Activity No. 6, 17 and 23. More Partnership Agreements are expected in 2005 as results of activities in 2004. This includes new partnership agreements with the Forestry Administration (FA) and Cambodia Tree Seed Project (CTSP) in Cambodia on conservation of forest genetic resources, with Cambodia Development Resource Institute (CDRI) on governance and legislation of trees and forests in Cambodia, and with Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (FFNC) at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania on the planned ENRECA programme (ref. Activity No. 27).

Goal 6: FLD supports education in developing countries through implementation of science based education programmes and technical training programmes, and through promoting students from developing countries to follow relevant courses at KVL This goal is achieved 100 %. In 2004, the Performance Contract a number of activities has been implemented in 2004 in support of this goal: A proposal for the CDR initiative pool for an ENRECA project in Tanzania has been developed.

It will be submitted in March 2005 (ref. Activity No. 27). Two master students in Tanzania and three master students plus one PhD student are supported

by Petrea (Ref. Activity No. 7). Under the partnership programme with CNSF (Activity No. 6), a CNSF-staff has been on staff

attachment in Denmark. Linked to activities under the Performance Contract, staff has participated in activities under the

on-going FLD ENRECA programme in Nepal and has backstopped MSc students in thesis work.

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Goal 7: To ensure the required development of competencies it is the intention continuously to exchange technical staff between Danida and FLD

Not achieved (0 %). No opportunities have been identified for achieving this goal in 2004.

Goal 8: At least five publications produced and distributed free of charge annually to a minimum of 500 receivers per publication This goal is achieved 100 % in 2004:

• 5 reports on arid zone trials published in the DFSC ’Results and Documentation’ series (ref. Activity No. 17);

• 21 seed leaflets published (ref. Activity No. 13);

• Forest genetic resources conservation and management (Volume 1): Overview, concepts and some systematic approaches. Published with FAO and IPGRI (ref. Activity No. 11);

• Proceedings of the project on recalcitrant seed. Published with IPGRI (ref. Activity No. 15);

• FLD working paper No 2. R. Asare and A.P. Pedersen: ’Distribution of Tree Seed and Seedlings in Kabale District, Uganda’ (ref. Activity No. 4);

• FLD working paper No 4. L.P. Dhakal; H.L. Aryal, E.D. Kjær and J.P. B. Lillesø: ’Breeding of die back resistent Dalbergia sissoo in Nepal’ (ref. Activity No. 5);

• From Knowledge to Action. Strategy 2004-8 for the development and environment programme;

Distribution of the new and ‘old’ publications has continued, both as hardcopies and electronically. See Activity No. 1.

Goal 9: FLD implements at least three seminars, workshops or training courses related to its activities in developing countries per year

The goal has been achieved 100% in 2004: Serein/Petrea workshop, October 2004 (ref. Activity No. 7); Petrea workshop, September 2004 (ref. Activity No. 7); ISSAAC workshop in Uganda, June 2004 (ref. Activity No. 4); ISSAAC workshop in Malawi, September 2004 (ref. Activity No. 4).

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Goal 10: FLD maintains a homepage with updated information related to FLD activities in developing countries, and with facilities to download publications and information on FLD activities/programmes

Achieved 100 % in 2004. The new FLD homepage www.SL.kvl.dk was launched in 2004 in Danish and English. Considerable time has been spent on structuring and up-dating information on the development programme (ref. Activity No. 1). This work will be continued in 2005, including the continued uploading of information on projects and publications in the project and publication databases. The Petrea project (ref. Activity No. 7) has maintained a project web-site at www.petrea.dk.

Goal 11: FLD publishes an International Newsletter with four issues a year This goal has been achieved 50 %. A format has been developed for the new FLD International Newsletter. Two issues have been issued in 2004. Furthermore, the mailing list has been up-dated with new contacts, and efforts have been made to distribute the newsletter electronically to as many of the receivers as possible to reduce mailing costs.

Goal 12: The financial turnover related to FLD’s development and environment programme increased by 30 % by the end of 2007 as compared to the individual programmes of the four merging institutions

Goal 12 is a ‘general’ goal that pertains to the entire development and environment programme, and not only to the Performance Contract. The goal is a medium-term goal, and is only supposed to be achieved in this time-frame (2007). 2004 has been a year with relatively few new projects and activities with external funding. It is also a year with a low level of consulting services rendered (ref. Goal 14). New activities are underway which will support the achievement of this goal over the coming years (ref. e.g. the activities mentioned under Goal 13 below).

Goal 13: FLD is by end of 2007 an internationally recognised institution within its field. By the end of 2007, at least three of the most important international donors (EU, World Bank, regional development banks) draw on the expertise of FLD This is a general goal that pertains to the entire FLD development and environment programme, and not only to the Performance Contract. In 2004 the below activities have initiated towards achieving this goal (latest in 2007):

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Submission of proposal - ’Sahelian Fruit Trees’ with European and Sahelian partners to EU 6th Framework Programme (INCO-DEV) (ref. Activity No. 24). Proposal have been successfully evaluated and implementation will start 2005;

Initiation of EU proposal on decentralised seed supply to be submitted in 2005 to EU ’Tropical Forest Budget line’ (ref. Activity No. 25);

Submission of tender document - Institutional Support to State Forest Management Companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina (World Bank) as part of a larger Danish consortium. The proposal was assessed second in technical quality, and three in price (out of five);

Contacts and discussions with World Bank and Asian Development Bank (ref. Activity No. 20).

Goal 14: FLD undertakes, seen as an average of three years, minimum ten months of short-term consulting service per year Goal 14 is again a general goal pertaining to the entire FLD development and environment programme. The goal has been achieved 30 % in 2004, as approx. 3 months of consulting services have been rendered: ’Development of a coherent quality forestry germplasm trading and -sources policy making

concept in Vietnam’ (Vietnam Tree Seed Project, 8 weeks); Biomass based energy project with Cape Timber Resources in South Africa (BtB programme, 4

weeks); Organising of study visit on forest seed policy and institutional setting for group from MARD,

Vietnam (Vietnam Tree Seed Project, 2 weeks). Compared to previous years, there has been a decline in the demand for consulting services to tree seed projects, which DFSC used to deliver, as a number of Danida funded tree seed projects has concluded in 2004 (e.g. Indonesia and Laos). This has concurred with a general decline in the demand for consulting services, experienced by most Danish suppliers of consulting and advisory services in the field of natural resources. The goal has been revisited in the FLD strategy for the development and environment programme, and reduced to 6 man-months/year.

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Annex 1 Financial status Financial result 2004 Item Amount

DKKBalance end 2003 (transferred from DFSC) 972,114Grant from Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2004 6,000,000Settlement of consulting services in Vietnam (Project A761) Note 6

221,112

Accounts 2004 (see below) 6,515,446Balance end 2004 (transferred to 2005) 677,780

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Accounts for 2004 (1 January 2004 – 31 December 2004) No Note 1

Item/project Project no./job no. BudgetDKKNote 2

Realised DKK

Note 11

1 Publication and information service A121+A808+A017-5 683,000 549,020 2 Seed bank A122 57,000 21,661 3 Development of new activities - - - 4 Improved seed systems for agroforestry in Africa (ISSAAC) A124 193,000 391,199 5 The TISC/DFSC Partnership Programme Note 7 A119+A916 208,000 196,856 6 The CNSF/DFSC Partnership Programme A105 171,000 145,226 7 People, Trees and Agriculture in Africa (PETREA) A767+A103 634,000 622,918 8 Commercial distribution of tree seed in small bags in Nepal A369 134,000 146,779 9 Guidelines for organisation of tree seed programmes A372 126,000 91,407 10 Forest gene conservation strategies A373 109,000 26,544 11 Practical guidelines for conservation of genetic resources of trees

Note 8 A916+A809 181,000 65,965

12 Framework species A374+A111 104,000 164,606 13 Seed leaflets A112 163,000 66,083 14 Species leaflets A113 89,000 15,882 15 Network on recalcitrant seed A114 37,000 20,947 16 Increasing productivity and quality of West African teak

plantations using genetic diversity and sustainable management (WAFT)

A115 56,000 5,860

17 Finalisation of arid zone trials A118 168,000 97,235 18 The International Neem Network A117 114,000 36,668 19 Extension materials A120 198,000 83,505 20 International Co-ordinator A375-1, 2,5 525,834 519,331 21 Cocoa application to RUF - 30,833 0 22 Enhancing the knowledge base on valuable trees in cocoa in West

Africa (Collaboration with World Cocoa Foundation) B024 103,333 232,596

23 Development of application to RUF on species testing in Bolivia A125+A025 50,00024 Development of application to EU INCO-DEV (SAFRUIT) A125+A025 86,66725 Development of EU application on decentralised seed supply A125+A025 83,333

453,095 26 Development of collaboration with ICRAF A375-8 12,500 7,978 27 ENRECA application Tanzania (initiative pool) A375-7 30,833 59,212 28 Programme management Note 4 A017-1 151,000 143,244 29 Secretary and bookkeeping Note 9 A017-3,4 450,000 420,257 30 Project support management A017-6 57,000 53,024 31 Staff training, seminars and meetings Note 5 A807+A021+A017-11 470,000 550,914 32 Training activities - 37,000 0 33 Library Note 10 A017-2+A659-7+

A664-3230,000 192,568

34 Technical Advisory Committee A371 90,000 48,958 Subtotal 5,833,333 5,429,538 Administration fee (20 %) 1,166,667 1,085,908 TOTAL 7,000,000 6,515,446

Notes: 1. Activities/projects numbered in accordance with Performance Contract 2004-7, Appendix 2; 2. Budget figures from Performance Contract 2004-7, Appendix 1; 3. The activity ‘Development of new activities’ has been subdivided in a number of activities. They are numbered 20-27 in the above table; 4. Under project A017-1, 367,5 hours (equal to 3 man-months) of the Head of Department of Forest Genetic Resources relate to the Performance

Contract; 5. Under project A021 and A017-11, only staff training, seminars and participation of former Danida Forest Seed Centre staff in Department of

Forest Genetic Resources are included; 6. This project relates to the Balance from DFSC 2003. Most costs have been covered in 2003, whereas the project incomes are in 2004; 7. This includes project A119 in total and a proportion of project A916 (70,239 DKK). Remaining proportion of project A916 under Activity 11

(Practical guidelines for conservation of genetic resources of trees); 8. This includes project A809 in total and a proportion of project A916 (29,335 DKK). Ref. also Note 7; 9. Under project A017-3, 50 % of time for secretary Mette Hansen (6 months) is included; 10. For A659-7 and A664-3, only costs of former DFSC librarian Irma Hansen; 11. Significant differences between budget and realised are explained in the Progress Report 2004 (Annex 2)

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Annex 2 Technical status This annex reports on progress in 2004 for the activities financed by the Performance Contract. They are listed in Appendix 1 of the Performance Contract 2004-7 document, and further described in Appendix 2 of the same document. 1. Publication and information service 2. Seed bank 3. Development of new activities 4. Improved seed systems for agroforestry in Africa - ISSAAC 5. The TISC/DFSC Partnership programme 6. The CNSF/DFSC Partnership programme 7. People, trees and agriculture in Africa 8. Commercial distribution of tree seed in small bags in Nepal 9. Guidelines for organisation of tree seed programmes 10. Forest gene conservation strategies 11. Practical guidelines for conservation of genetic resources of trees 12. Framework species 13. Seed leaflets 14. Species leaflets 15. Network on recalcitrant seed 16. Improvement of West African Teak - WAFT 17. Finalisation of the arid zone trials 18. The International Neem Network 19. Extension material 20. International co-ordinator 21. Cocoa application to CDR 22. Enhancing the knowledge base on valuable trees in cocoa in West Africa 23. Development of application to CDR on species testing in Bolivia 24. Development of EU INCO-DEV application (SAFRUIT) 25. Development of EU application on decentralised seed supply 26. Development of collaboration with ICRAF 27. ENRECA application Tanzania (initiative pool) 28. Programme management 29. Secretary and bookkeeping 30. Project support management 31. Staff training, seminars and meetings 32. Training activities 33. Library 34. Technical Advisory Committee

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1. Publication and information service Under this activity, 5 main outputs were stipulated for 2004: a) At least 3,000 publications distributed About 1400 hard-copy publications were distributed in 2004, less than half of what was expected. Two reasons seem likely. First, many of those who used to receive publications from DFSC must accustom to the new institutional set-up and learn to use a new address and web-page. Second, it has become increasingly common to obtain electronic versions of publications from the Internet. FLD has not yet the software to register movements on the homepage but from the DFSC’s homepage, where most international publications still remained until end of 2004, the number of downloads in one single month (April, the only month that was registered) was 18,600 documents. b) A web page is developed and maintained with information on the FLD programme on

development and environmental assistance. The web-page is visited by at least 15,000 persons a month;

The English version of FLD’s homepage has gradually been developed during 2004. All new publications are uploaded and all publications from the former DFSC have been moved to the FLD page. Entering descriptions of the development and environment projects into the project database has been started, and will continue in 2005. c) Presentation folder prepared This folder is a general presentation folder on the FLD’ development and environment programme. An advanced draft has been prepared in 2004, and the folder will be finalised and printed in the first quarter of 2005. d) At least 50 requests answered The ‘question and answer’ information service was continued in 2004, and about 50 requests were answered. e) Newsletter on FLD international programme issued 4 times a year to at least 1,500 recipients A design has been developed for the FLD international newsletter. Only two newsletters were issued in 2004, which was felt to be an appropriate level reflecting the amount of ‘news’. The newsletter reached about 1,800 recipients. Efforts have been made to increase the number of recipients who receive the newsletter electronically.

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2. Seed bank This activity was carried out in collaboration with the Tree Improvement Station of the National Forest and Nature Agency, Denmark. In 2004, 36 seedlots were tested and 46 seedlots were dispatched to 4 recipients. 3. Development of new activities The Performance Contract divides this activity (ref. Performance Contract 2004-7, Appendix 1) in two: - International collaboration and planning; - Implementation of new activities. The ‘International collaboration and planning’ has - based on internal discussions and agreement at the onset of the year - been sub-divided into a number of specific activities. They are reported below as No. 20 and 21, and 23-27. The funds under ‘Implementation of new activities’ has been used for FLD co-financing of a project with the World Cocoa Foundation titled ‘Enhancing the knowledge base on valuable tree species in cocoa in West Africa’. This is reported as No. 22 below.

4. Improved seed systems for agroforestry in Africa (ISSAAC) The ISSAAC research programme was started in 2000 and will run until the end of 2005. It involves activities in Uganda, Malawi and Burkina Faso. Uganda: The main survey of the tree seed sector was accomplished. The survey was lead by Uganda Tree Seed Centre together with the Danish Junior Professional Officer attached to ISSAAC. He did not finalise the survey report before his contract terminated. The report will be finalised in early 2005. The results of the pre-survey on farmers, organisations and seed flow in Kabale conducted by Richard Asare and Anders P. Pedersen of FLD was finalised and published in 2004 as FLD Working Paper No. 2. A national workshop, titled Agroforestry Tree Seed for Farmers, was held in Kabale, 21-24 June 2004. It was organised by ICRAF (Uganda), NARO (Uganda), and UGADEN (Uganda). The workshop was sponsored by ICRAF (Kenya), VVOB (The Flemish Association for development Co-operation and Technical Assistance, Belgium), and FLD. The workshop introduced and reviewed a seed toolkit developed by ICRAF. The participating organisations discussed how common seed supply strategies could improve seed systems in South-West Uganda. Scope for pilot projects on improvement of the seed sector were explored. 44 participants from CBOs (4), government organisations (10), NGOs (18), research (9), and a few others from press and private sector, attended. Minutes were produced (available from ICRAF), and a report is being prepared. As a direct result of the workshop, a project proposal on decentralised seed supply is being prepared for submission for EU funding (see Activity No. 25 below).

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Malawi: The organisational survey carried out in 2003 was finalised. It will be printed as a FLD Working Paper early 2005. The nursery survey was completed and a draft report prepared. It will also be printed in early 2005. A review of the agricultural seed sector in Malawi prepared by a local consultant will not be published, as the consultant failed to finalise. A national 3-days workshop was held in September 2004 hosted by the Forest Research Institute of Malawi (FRIM). Findings from the 2003 surveys on organisations, nurseries and agricultural seed sector were presented at the workshop. There were discussions among the participants of the findings and ideas. Possible pilot projects on improved tree seed supply were presented and discussed. Another result from the workshop was to facilitate contact among the major stakeholders on tree seed in Malawi. The workshop had some 40 participants from the organisations surveyed (25), farmers (2), resource persons (2), nurseries (3) and survey consultants and stakeholders from these surveys. The vice-minister was present at the workshop, in addition to the Director of Forest Department along with deputies and other government stakeholders. Finally, ISSAAC (1), FRIM (3), FLD (1) and ICRAF (1) were present. The workshop report will be prepared in early 2005. Burkina Faso: The main activities in 2004 have been the analysis of results from the survey of planting practices. Further, analysis and compilation of survey data on the seed sector have taken place. The stakeholder workshop planned for 2004 was postponed to February 2005. The survey report on planting practises has been finalised and will appear as a Working Paper in the FLD series early 2005. The second document, a synthesis paper, has been finalised as a draft. The document is planned as a FLD publication in 2005. Results from both documents will be presented and discussed at the workshop being held in Burkina Faso, February 2005. In the research proposal SAFRUIT, submitted to the European Union (ref. Activity No. 24 below), one of the components is dealing with sustainable supply of tree germplasm, thought to be a follow-up to ISSAAC. Other issues: The Danish supported Seed Supply Specialist worked for the entire year with ICRAF. The Danish Junior Professional Officer attached to ICRAF/ISSAAC left in August 2004, when his contract expired. Work has been initiated on a “cook-book” on setting up effective and decentralised tree seed supply systems by FLD and ICRAF. It will be finalised in 2005. A workshop was held in Kenya by ICRAF on agroforestry tree seed to farmers. It was based on the same concept as the ISSAAC Uganda workshop reported above.

5. The TISC/DFSC partnership programme The activities in 2004 followed up on past co-operation within research into tree seed supply to small holders in Nepal. Focus has been on analysis and documentation of data and results gained from TISC activities regarding domestication of farmland tree species in past years.

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Progress in relation to the outputs listed in the Performance Contract 2004: A. Develop guidelines for the Design of Seed Sources for tree species in Nepal New concepts for seed sources in farmland have been developed to replace ‘old OECD/DFSC/EU’ definitions that fit poor to the farmland situation. A guideline has been developed to a very advanced stage and it will be published in first half of 2005. B. Improved understanding of rural peoples use of forest products in Central Nepal and its dependence of forest type (surveys from Kabhre and Kaski) Additional data on forest types has been included, and the final analysis discussed. The results will be developed into two publications in 2005 (a scientific paper and a working paper/report) C. ‘Can genetic improvement of Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb) provide economic benefits to tree planting farmers in Nepal?’ The analysis has been finalised, and a paper has been submitted to the journal Forest Policy and Economics: Dhakal, L.P., H. Aryal, E. D. Kjær, J. P. B. Lillesø and I. Nathan: The potential of genetic improvement of Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb) in provision of economical benefits to tree planting farmers in Nepal. D. Analysis of the progeny trial at Teel Kane and their implication for tree improvement of Dalbergia sissoo in Nepal. The analysis of data has been completed and (i) a manuscript to an international journal, and (ii) a working paper with a more comprehensive documentation have been drafted. Both publications are at an advanced stage. They are both awaiting minor correction and will be published in the first half of 2005. Furthermore, the results have been made available to TISC to benefit in their domestication work. E. Analysis of genetic variance of Dalbergia sissoo in quantitative growth and stem form based on progeny trials at two sites in Nepal. No progress in 2004. F. Genetic analysis of mortality in 70 progenies of Dalbergia sissoo following heavy infection and dieback in order to study differences in resistance and thereby shed light on the potential role of domestication in combating the serious die back problem that has hit the farm land plantings The results have been made available to TISC for use in the domestication work. The analysis has also been developed into a manuscript submitted to Silva Genetica: Dhakal, L.P., P. K. Jha and E. D. Kjær: Genetic analysis of mortality in Dalbergia sissoo following heavy infection by Aristobia horridula bettles. Are there genetic differences in susceptibility? In addition, a working paper with a more comprehensive documentation has been prepared in an advanced draft. It will be published in 2005.

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G. Development of a breeding plan for Dalbergia sissoo that can combat die back syndrome. Plan for generation turnover plan for Dalbergia sissoo BSOs with infusion of die-back disease resistant families A revised breeding plan has been developed and published as FLD Working Paper No. 4: L.P. Dhakal; H.L. Aryal, E.D. Kjær and J.P. B. Lillesø: ’Breeding of die back resistent Dalbergia sissoo in Nepal’. It is considered to produce a short version for publication in Nepalese in Janki Bankeri (journal) in 2005. H. ‘Genetic analysis of the Bauhinia purpurea Breeding Seed Orchard at Teel Kane: are there genetic differences in growth that would justify breeding - and if so, how could this be done?’ Data has been analysed and conclusions drawn. A manuscript has been produced and submitted to Agroforestry Systems: Jha, P.K., L. P. Dhakal, E. D. Kjær, and J.P.B. Lillesø: Improving productivity of the Camel foot tree (Bauhinia purpurea) for tree planting farmers in Nepal. I. Fodder value and growth rate in Bauhinia? Does selection for biomass production reduce the fodder quality? No progress in 2004.

6. The CNSF/DFSC partnership programme A Partnership Agreement was signed between CNSF and FLD in May, describing joint activities in the past, present, and plans for the future. On the basis of this agreement an application was sent to the Royal Danish Embassy in Ougadougou to support the stay of a CNSF researcher in Denmark to finalise a number of activities (mainly publications). The embassy rejected the application on grounds of not having activities within the area of the application. FLD decided itself to finance the stay of the CNSF researcher, Mr. Poda Damas, at FLD for the month of November. During the stay, Mr. Poda, together with FLD researchers, worked on two publications. The first was related to a description of the seed zone system in Burkina Faso. The seed zone system was made during the Danida financed “Projet Semences Forestieres Villageois”, but had not been documented. The second activity was the elaboration of a conservation plan of Acacia senegal, one of the economically important tree species in the country. The species is threatened in the north of the country because of lack of regeneration, supposedly because of climatic change and increased human and animal pressure. Outputs of the stay will appear in 2005 as two publications, one related to each subject, and a pamphlet describing the seed zone system. Because no external funding was received, two of the activities had to be postponed. Analysis of the field trials of Parkia biglobosa will be undertaken within the SAFRUIT programme starting 2005, and finalisation of the report on establishment of joint forest management arrangements will be made during 2005.

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7. People, trees and agriculture in Africa The research programme Petrea (people, trees and agriculture in Africa) was initiated in 2001. It is carried out by the following institutions: FLD, Department of Animal Science (KVL), Institute of Anthropology (University of Copenhagen), Department of Environmental, Technical and Social Studies (University of Roskilde), Centre National de Semences Forestiéres (CNSF) in Burkina Faso, and Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (FFNC), Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania. The development objective of Petrea is to improve the livelihood of rural people in Burkina Faso and Tanzania by adding to their agricultural production in a sustainable manner through improved use of trees and shrubs. In 2004, Petrea organised two workshops. One was an internal workshop held 3rd September at FLD for Petrea researchers and students. The other was the second common workshop for Petrea and SEREIN (another CDR financed research programme) held for involved researchers and other interested persons. This workshop was held 29th October at FLD and was entitled “Managing trees on common and private lands, conflicting interests and the role of researchers.” A number of internal meetings were held by the Danish researchers to disseminate information and co-ordinate programme activities within the group. Some of the researchers presented papers at international conferences (ref. the below table). In 2004, Petrea signed a contract with a master student from Tanzania in addition to the Tanzanian student, who was already affiliated with the programme. Moreover, agreement contracts were signed with three master students and one PhD student from Burkina Faso. In Denmark, one Danish PhD student, two Danish master students, and two Danish BSc students were affiliated with Petrea. As planned, Petrea researchers carried out common fieldwork in Burkina Faso in the period between 28 January - 1 March 2004. Two Danish researchers and two Danish students did their fieldwork together in Tanzania 1 - 22 March. Two other Danish researchers and three students including the PhD student were in Tanzania for fieldwork 25 April-16 May. Research work by Tanzanian researchers proceeded as planned, but work of Burkina Faso researchers and students was delayed because of problems with transfer of funds from Denmark to Burkina Faso. Researchers and students described and disseminated results in the form of reports, dissertations, conference papers, and peer-reviewed articles. A list of papers published in 2004 is provided below. A Petrea site has been established on KVL’s campus net for Petrea researchers and students. Moreover, the project maintains a web site (www.Petrea.dk) providing further details about the project. Petrea Publications in 2004:

Peer reviewed journals Gausset, Q. 2004. Ranking Local Tree Needs and Priorities Through an Interdisciplinary Action-Research

Approach. Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies, 3 (2). Gausset, Q., E.L. Yago-Ouattara and B. Belem 2004. Gender and Trees in South Western Burkina Faso.

Women’s Needs, Strategies and Challenges. Danish Journal of Geography (Forthcoming).

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Krog, M., I. Theilade, H. Hansen, C.K. Ruffo 2004. Estimating use-values and relative importance of trees to the Kaguru people in semi-arid Tanzania. Article accepted for publication in the journal: Forest, Trees and Livelihoods.

Workshops and seminars Gausset, Q. 2004. Le Foncier et les arbres à Péni. Résultats du volet foncier de Petrea. Paper presented at the

SEREIN conference on Development Research for Development. Strategic Environmental Research in West Africa. Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, December 2-3, 2004.

Gausset, Q. 2004. Cultural relativism, participatory approaches, social justice and the politics of environmental anthropology. The example of the contractual approach to land and tree tenure in Burkina Faso. Paper presented at the 8th biennial EASA conference. Vienna, September 8-11, 2004.

Gausset, Q. 2004. Addressing difference, inequality and inequity in land- and tree-tenure in Burkina Faso. Oral presentation at the seminar on “Making differences: Strategies and Pitfalls.” Institute of Anthropology, Copenhagen October 18, 2004.

Gausset, Q. 2004. Contracts and land security. How to enhance tree planting at low cost in a bottom up and participatory manner (Péni, Burkina Faso). Oral presentation at the second Petrea-SEREIN Seminar on Management of Trees and Land in Sub-Saharan Africa. Diverse Uses, Interest Conflicts and the Role of Research. KVL, Copenhagen, October 29, 2004.

Gausset, Q. 2004. Opportunities and constraints for tree management on “private land” in Majawanga. Oral presentation at the second Petrea-SEREIN Seminar on Management of Trees and Land in Sub-Saharan Africa. Diverse Uses, Interest Conflicts and the Role of Research. KVL, Copenhagen, October 29, 2004.

Hansen, H.H. and J. Rentfleish 2004. Trees and shrubs in the diet of free ranging ruminants in Majawanga, Tanzania. Oral presentation and manuscript submitted for publication in the proceedings of the annual meeting of the Tanzanian Society of Animal Production, 5-7 October 2004 Moshi, Tanzania.

Hansen, H.H., M. Krog, I. Theilade and C.K. Ruffo, 2004. Estimating use-values and relative importance of trees to the Kaguru people and their livestock in semi-arid Tanzania. Poster presented at the Annual meeting of the Tanzanian Society of Animal Production, 5-7 October 2004 Moshi, Tanzania.

Hansen H.H. 2004. Tree leaves in ruminant diets in Majawanga, Tanzania; Digestibility of Selected Tanzanian Browse Suspected of Containing Tannins; Livestock Banking; Estimating use-values and relative importance of trees to the Kaguru people in semi-arid Tanzania. Oral presentations at the second Petrea-SEREIN Seminar on Management of Trees and Land in Sub-Saharan Africa. Diverse Uses, Interest Conflicts and the Role of Research. KVL, Copenhagen, October 29, 2004.

Kehlet, A. B. and H. Hansen 2004. Digestibility of selected Tanzanian browse suspected of containing Tannins. Oral presentation and manuscript submitted for publication in proceedings of the annual meeting of the Tanzanian Society of Animal Production, 5-6 October 2004 Moshi, Tanzania.

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Lund, J.F. 2004. Tanzanian legislation on local forest management – what is in it for the local communities? Oral presentation at the second Petrea-SEREIN Seminar on Management of Trees and Land in Sub-Saharan Africa. Diverse Uses, Interest Conflicts and the Role of Research. KVL, Copenhagen, October 29, 2004.

Lund, S. and B. Dabiré, 2004. Putting participation into Petrea research. The case of Burkina Faso. Paper presented at the second Petrea-SEREIN Seminar on Management of Trees and Land in Sub-Saharan Africa. Diverse Uses, Interest Conflicts and the Role of Research. KVL, Copenhagen, October 29, 2004.

Nathan, I. 2004. Decentralisation and the Role of Local Government in Managing Common Woodlands, the case of Majawanga, Tanzania. Oral presentation at the Constituting meeting of the People. Institutions and Politics Group at FLD, KVL, 15the December 2004.

Nathan, I. 2004. Governing Common Woodlands in Majawanga. Oral presentation at the second Petrea-SEREIN Seminar on Management of Trees and Land in Sub-Saharan Africa. Diverse Uses, Interest Conflicts and the Role of Research. KVL, Copenhagen, October 29, 2004.

Nielsen, S.T. 2004. Dung Beetles as indicators for biodiversity. The case of Majawanga, Tanzania. Oral presentation at the second Petrea-SEREIN Seminar on Management of Trees and Land in Sub-Saharan Africa. Diverse Uses, Interest Conflicts and the Role of Research. KVL, Copenhagen, October 29, 2004.

Nielsen, S.T. 2004. Effects of Human-Induced Changes on Biodiversity with Dung Beetles as Indicators – a case study from semiarid Tanzania. Poster presented at an internal seminar at Institute of Zoology, University of Copenhagen.

Theses and Dissertations Berg, A.K. 2004. Digestibility and nutritive value of selected Tanzanian browse suspected of containing

tannins 15 ECTS thesis. Department of Large Animal Sciences, KVL. Ivette, N. B. M. 2005. Etude des Especes Ligneuses Utilisees en Medecine Traditionnelle Veterinaire Dans la

Zone de Nobere (Burkina Faso). Le Diplome D’etude Approfondies (D.E.A.). Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (UFR/SVT), Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Vegetales, Universite de Ouagadougou.

Reports FLD/Nathan, I. 2004. Summary report for Petrea August 2002 – July 2004. Petrea researchers and students: Various travel reports available upon request.

8. Commercial distribution of tree seed in small bags in Nepal In 2001 it was decided to test a new approach to distribution of tree seed in Nepal: Distribution of tree seed in small bags through commercial enterprises dealing with horticultural and agricultural seed. In Nepal such enterprises are known as agro-vets. The development objectives were (a) to increase access to high quality tree seed for farmers, forest user groups and other small-scale tree-planters, and (b) to support the operations of two tree seed co-operatives by contributing to their increased turnover. The implementing agencies were the Tree Improvement and Silviculture Component (TISC) of the Natural Resource Management Sector Assistance Programme (NARMSAP) in Nepal, the two tree seed co-operatives (NAFSCOL-Kabhre and NAFSCOL-Kaski) and FLD. The project took off in 2004. In January, a FLD researcher visited TISC to participate in the preparations for the pilot project together with TISC staff in Nepal. In February-June, TISC and NAFSCOL implemented first phase of the pilot project. They produced and printed small bags, procured seed from five selected species, packed the small bags with seed and leaflets on how to nurse it, stamped the bags

Slettet: The visit is described in “Debriefing report on the Start-up workshop of the ENRECA programme on Community Based Natural Forest and Tree Management in the Himalayas, and Commercial Distribution of Tree Seed in Small Bags in Nepal. Based on a visit to Nepal January 5 - January 23 2004.” ¶¶

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and distributed them to 15 selected dealers in all regions of Nepal. The 15 dealers included 11 agro-vets, the outlets of the two NAFSCOL co-operatives, a third tree co-operative, and a forest extension project. The seed sold well. In November-December, the FLD researcher visited Nepal to follow-up on lessons learnt. TISC collected questionnaires, which had been distributed to the dealers together with the seed bags, and assisted the FLD researcher in analysing the results. The Secretary of NAFSCOL-Kabhre, a ranger from TISC, and the FLD researcher carried out in-depth interviews with selected dealers and customers. The interviews were carried out on location i.e. in the shops and homes of the respondents. The preparations for the pilot project are described in more details in “Debriefing report on the Start-up workshop of the ENRECA programme on Community Based Natural Forest and Tree Management in the Himalayas, and Commercial Distribution of Tree Seed in Small Bags in Nepal. Based on a visit to Nepal January 5 - January 23 2004.” The results of the pilot project are described in a draft report titled ‘Report on the research results from the pilot study on commercial distribution of tree seed in small bags”. It will be published as a FLD Working Paper in 2005.

9. Guidelines for organisation of tree seed programmes In 2003, FLD (DFSC) and TISC designed a questionnaire survey to be carried out in Nepal by TISC staff. The survey aimed to identify and map the customers and the users of different kinds of seed purchased at TISC and the two tree seed co-operatives in Nepal. It was planned that the final report would be elaborated in collaboration between TISC and FLD. The survey was delayed but was carried out successfully in the last half of 2003. Data from the survey was entered into spreadsheets and analysed in early 2004. Because of other priorities, the planned report is still pending. Spreadsheets and tables are available upon request from FLD. Moreover, the planned general guidelines for organisation of tree seed programmes, which should summarise the results from Nepal and earlier published results from Tanzania, are still pending. It has been decided not to follow-up on the activity in 2005 in order to make room for other activities.

10. Forest gene conservation strategies Few activities on this project in 2004 because the project responsible person went on maternity leave early in 2004. The project will not be carried out in its present form, but some parts will be included in other activities in 2005 and onwards.

11. Practical guidelines for conservation of genetic resources of trees Final editing and proof-reading was carried out on the book ‘Forest Genetic Resources Conservation and Management: Overview, concepts and some systematic approaches’, which is

Slettet: will be

Slettet: “Draft r

Slettet: , which will be prepared in January 2005.

Slettet: the final report

Slettet: later

Slettet: The data was entered into spreadsheets and analysed in the beginning of 2004. Spreadsheets and tables are available upon request. In addition it is the plan to elaborate a set of general guidelines for tree seed programmes. Progress of two reports is each 50%. ¶¶CPH foreslår nedenstående formulering til erstatning af ovenstående:¶¶

Slettet: has not been prepared

Slettet: ¶¶

Slettet: , based on the experiences from Tanzania (published in 2003) and Nepal, were not prepared

Slettet: .

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Volume 1 of a series of three books prepared in collaboration with FAO and IPGRI. The book is presently in print. Furthermore, final editing and proof-reading was done on two chapters in Volume 3 of the same series: ‘Forest Genetic Resources Conservation and Management: Ex situ conservation’. It is planned for publication in 2005. Volume 2 in the series was published in 2002.

12. Framework species The literature on forest rehabilitation using framework species was studied, and a concept note was prepared. A visit was carried out in November 2004 to Cambodia to identify potential partners for a project on forest rehabilitation using framework species and to develop a project proposal. The visit identified a number of interested partners, including the Forestry Administration (FA), the Cambodia Tree Seed Project (CTSP), CONCERN, WWF-Cambodia, Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and the Kbal Chay Watershed Management Project. A draft project proposal has been developed and has been sent to partners for comments. The project proposal will be finalised in early 2005 and submitted to potential donors. These include Birdlife International, ITTO, the MacArthur Foundation, GEF and IUCN.

13. Seed leaflets Production of seed leaflets continued in 2004 with 21 new leaflets published. The leaflets contain information on seed handling of selected species, especially species that are little known and used in geographically limited areas. In 2004 the main collaborating partners were the tree seed programme in Indonesia and Vietnam Tree Seed Project.

14. Species leaflets Because of other priorities, it was early 2004 decided not to continue this activity.

15. Network on recalcitrant seed The main activity has been the finalisation of the proceedings from the project. They are under printing by IPGRI.

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16. Improvement of West African Teak - WAFT This EU project, which has as objective to increase the quality and production of teak grown in Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire, has been lying almost still during 2004. The crisis in Côte d’Ivoire has made it impossible to carry out many of the planned activities, and a delay in the payment for 2002 from the European Union (did not arrive until March 2004) discouraged the partners in Ghana. Communication from partners, including the lead institution CIRAD (France) has been very limited, and activities have been at a minimum. The cost statements for 2003 from the last partner did not arrive until late December 2004, which means that financing is again seriously delayed. Nevertheless, FLD has in 2004 continued to work on data collected during 2002. Data from provenance trials have been analysed thoroughly, and genetic correlations between characters assessed at different ages and in different trials were calculated. A conclusive report containing the results is under elaboration and is expected finalised in 2005. This report will form the basis of a scientific paper summarising the findings. A meeting between all work package leaders will be held in early 2005 in order to revive the project.

17. Finalisation of arid zone trials The last five trial analysis reports were published, and the summary analysis has now started. An analysis of the performance of Acacia nilotica across trials was made and presented at the IUFRO Conference on Multipurpose Trees in the Tropics held at Jodhpur, November 2005. A recurrent problem with the trials is that the terminology classifying the varieties and species is not up-to-date. Contact has been made to a British group financed by DFID, who will be able to help with the identification of Prosopis species. It is the intention, to the extent possible, to collect specimens from those trials that still exist. The next species in line for across-site analysis are Prosopis pallida and P. juliflora. They will be analysed in 2005.

18. The International Neem Network The activity was in 2004 contracted to the Tree Improvement Station under the National Forest and Nature Agency, Denmark. Work has been carried out to establish an overview of the actual situation of the established trials. Contacts have been made with individual hosts of the trials through FAO in a regional manner, starting with West Africa. A circular letter in French was prepared and through FAO sent to the trial hosts in three West African countries (Burkina Faso, Senegal and Mali). As no response had been received by mid 2004, a reminder was sent, again through FAO. By the end of the year still no response was obtained. Based on the disappointing response rate, it has been decided not to continue this activity in 2005.

19. Extension Material The aims of this activity in 2004 have been in collaboration with TISC in Nepal:

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- to identify and describe the resource poor ‘small-holders’ and other stakeholders’ need for extension and training material related to use of forest genetic resources;

- to describe various types and models for such material; - to prepare specific material; - to produce extension material based on the compiled information available at FLD (DFSC). Collaboration on this activity has been difficult because of the political situation in Nepal and because of the reformulation of the Danida Sector Programme on natural resource management (NARMSAP), under which TISC is a component. As a consequence, there has been no progress on the collaboration with TISC on extension material in 2004. Under this activity, FLD commented and proof read an ICRAF ‘Tool Kit’ (publication) on use of forest genetic material. FLD also participated in a workshop in Kabale, Uganda where the tool kit was discussed and revised. It has been decided not to continue production of extension materials as a separate activity in 2005, but to include production of such materials as an integral part of technical activities/projects.

20. International Co-ordinator A broad range of activities has been carried out in 2004. The most important ones being (not in order of priority): - General co-ordination of the development and environment programme of FLD; - Co-ordination of the implementation of the Performance Contract in 2004; - Facilitate the development of strategy document ‘From Knowledge to Action. Strategy 2004-8

for the development and environment programme’; - Secretary function for the International Unit (IE); - Participation in the KVL co-ordination forum for development activities (UFAG); - Focal-point for contact to the Danish research networks, notably ReNED and NETARD; - Co-ordination of discussions and inputs to Performance Contract 2005; - Participation in development of proposals, notably application to CDR on cocoa (ref. Activity

No. 21), EU INCO-DEV application (ref. Activity No. 24) and a tender document in collaboration with other Danish partners in response to a WB call in Bosnia and Herzegovina for a project titled: Institutional Support to State Forest Management Companies’;

- Establishment of the FLD International Advisory Committee and preparation of the first meeting in the Committee on 15 September 2004 (ref. Activity No. 34);

- Meetings and discussions with a number of Danish consulting companies and international donors, including ADB and WB;

- Visit and discussions on collaboration with potential partners in Cambodia. This is expected in 2005 to lead to collaborative agreements and activities with i) Forest Administration and Cambodia Tree Seed Project on conservation of forest genetic resources of target tree species in Cambodia and ii) Cambodia Development Resource Institute (CDRI) on governance and legislation on natural resource management;

- Participating in various thematic meetings and seminars organised by Danida, the Danish Trade Council and others.

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In 2004, much time has been required for internal issues related to the merger and establishing a development and environment programme within the overall structure of FLD. For 2005, a lower level of internal co-ordination activities is expected, and hence a stronger focus on FLD and its relations to the outside.

21. Cocoa application to CDR A proposal for a framework proposal on cocoa, farmers and shade trees in Ghana was prepared in collaboration with the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG) and submitted to CDR in March 2004. The proposal was partly developed for funds (operational) from the RUF ‘initiative pool’ granted in 2003. The joint preparation of the proposal was initiated in 2003 and finalised in the first months of 2004. This included a visit by two researchers from the CRIG in Denmark in February 2004. The application, titled ‘Cocoa, Farmers and Shade Trees in Ghana’ (COFAST) was submitted to CDR on 1 March 2004, but was not favoured for funding. Fortunately, the proposal has formed the basis for development of a collaborative project with the World Cocoa Foundation (ref. Activity No. 22 below) and for a PhD study, granted by KVL. In 2004, the Performance Contract supported the development of the CDR application. Time allocation under the International Co-ordinator (ref. Activity No. 20) also went into the preparation of the proposal.

22. Enhancing the knowledge base on valuable trees in cocoa in West Africa This project is a collaboration between FLD and the Sustainable Tree Crop Programme implemented by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) with funding from the World Cocoa Foundation (60,000 US $) and FLD. The objective is to provide comprehensive and accessible information on preferred and suitable tree species and their planting materials for sustainable cocoa cultivation in Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroon, and Nigeria. The project was started 1 April 2004 and will run for 12 months. Based on satisfactory outcome of the first year activities, the partners may extend the collaboration.

In 2004, a report titled “ Cocoa agroforests in West Africa: a look at activities on preferred trees in the farming system” has been prepared based on visits to relevant research institutions, government agencies, international institutions and NGOs in Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Nigeria and Cameroon. This report will be published as a FLD Working Paper in 2005. Work has been initiated on five seed leaflets on farmer and research priority tree species relevant for cocoa agroforests. They will be finalised and printed in 2005 in the FLD seed leaflet series. Moreover, work on a training module on neighbour/shade trees for farmer field schools (FFS) has been initiated.

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23. Development of application to CDR on species testing in Bolivia A proposal for the CDR initiative pool on testing of pasture and tree species in Bolivia in collaboration with relevant institutions in Bolivia and PASACH and PCDSMA (the Danish supported Environment and Agriculture Sector Programmes in Bolivia) was submitted in March 2004. CDR did unfortunately not favour the proposal. FLD intends to follow-up on the ideas identified in the application in collaboration with local partner institutions and with PASACH and PCDSMA in 2005.

24. EU INCO-DEV application – SAFRUIT FLD submitted in September 2004 an application in response to a call from EU INCO-DEV. The project is entitled “Sahelian Fruit Trees” (SAFRUIT) and involves partners from the University of Wales-Bangor and ALTERRA in the Netherlands, INRAN and ICRISAT in Niger, IER and ICRAF in Mali, and INERA and CNSF in Burkina Faso. A travel to visit the African partners was undertaken as part of the formulation process. The objective of the research proposal is to increase the benefits from mainly local tree species by taking a systems approach to the research, involving (and combining) both social, economical, ecological and biological considerations. It is the intention to: i) increase the quality and productivity of four native tree species through breeding; ii) to increase the use of the trees by providing appropriate propagation techniques; iii) to find annual crops that are more suited to cultivation in combination with trees than most cereals; iv) to study peoples’ rights to plant trees and if possible find ways of increasing their rights to manage them; and finally v) to find more efficient (sustainable) ways of distributing tree germplasm. The proposal builds to a large extent on the PETREA and ISSAAC projects. FLD is the lead partner in the project, and the overall budget is approx. 2.1 million Euro. At the time of finalising the Progress Report (February 2005), the proposal has been evaluated favourably by the EU and the project will be implemented, starting from mid-2005.

25. Development of EU-application on decentralised tree seed supply FLD has, in collaboration with ICRAF and IPGRI, and a number of national institutions and NGOs in Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania, in 2004 worked on a project proposal on increasing farmers’ welfare through sale of tree seed, seedlings and other agricultural commodities. The project focuses on supporting the establishment of decentralised tree supply systems through private enterprises. The project proposal covers selected geographical areas of Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania. The proposal is linked to ‘Improved seed systems for agroforestry in Africa (ISSAAC) project – see Activity No. 4 – and can be seen as a direct follow-up to this project. The project proposal will be finalised in 2005 and submitted for funding to the EU under the ‘Tropical Forestry Budget Line’.

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26. Development of collaboration with ICRAF Under this activity there have been work and initial discussions with ICRAF about future collaboration in relation to genetic studies and management of forest genetic resources.

27. ENRECA application Tanzania (initiative pool) Discussions have taken place with the Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation at the Sokoine University of Agriculture in Morogoro, Tanzania on a possible ENRECA project application, and a draft application has been prepared for the initiative pool of CDR. The main activities of the preparatory phase will be assessing FFNC’s needs for research capacity development in details, and elaborate a plan for how to develop this capacity. The main aim of the ENRECA application is to enhance the research capacity of FFNC with a main focus on the subject area of Participatory Forest Management (PFM). PFM plays an important role in the forest-related policies of the Tanzanian Government of Tanzania, and in Danida funded activities in Tanzania. Affiliated partners on the programme will be TAFORI (The Tanzanian Forestry Research Institute), and IA (Institute of Anthropology at University of Copenhagen). The ENRECA application can be seen as a follow-up to the Petrea programme (ref. Activity No. 7 above) which has as one of the aims to lay the foundation of a future ENRECA project in at least one of the collaborating countries, Tanzania and Burkina Faso. The application for initiative pool funds will be submitted to CDR for the 1 March 2005 deadline.

28. Programme management The draft Performance Contract 2004-7 between the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and FLD and the work plan for 2004 was finalised early 2004. The work plan has been largely implemented according to schedule. The DFSC Progress report for 2003 was prepared and submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in October 2004. Staff development talks were held following the physical move of DFSC from Humlebaek to Hoersholm in early 2004.

29. Secretary and bookkeeping Secretarial assistance to staff in department 2 and to the International Co-ordinator was maintained at the same level as in previous (DFSC) years (6 months per year). Bookkeeping was constrained throughout the year because of the problems with the FLD administrative management system putting stress both on the resources for bookkeeping transferred from DFSC as well as the responsible FLD department 9. Final accounts for DFSC were settled as part of the Progress reporting for 2003. For 2005, the level of secretarial assistance has been maintained at 6 months per year, whereas the bookkeeping earmarked for the Performance Contract has been reduced from 10 to 3 months per year.

Slettet: It will be submitted to RUF to the 1 March 2005 deadline.

Slettet: The main output will be the final ENRECA programme application to be submitted to RUF 1 March 2006.¶

Slettet: ¶

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30. Project support management Project support management was minimal in 2004, as the national tree seed programmes supported by Danida in 2004 (Indochina and Indonesia) only made limited use of project support from FLD (cf. Performance Goal 14). Under this activity, time was spent in Department 2 to plan and organise development activities and to integrate them into the other activities in Department 2. Time was also allocated to support setting up and participating in the activities of the 'International Enhed' (the unit co-ordinating development activities in FLD).

31. Staff training, seminars, meetings Under this heading, former DFSC staff have recorded participation in meetings, seminars and staff training. In 2004, there have been many internal meetings due to the merger, and the establishment of new structures within the centre. Only limited formal staff training took place in 2004.

32. Training activities No training courses were announced in 2004. FLD responded to a request from UNDP to prepare a programme for a study tour for a group of Turkish foresters in Denmark, but in the end UNDP chose a proposal for a programme in Poland. On a cost recovery basis, FLD planned and hosted a study tour from Vietnam Tree Seed Project in October 2004.

33. Library The DFSC library in Humlebaek was moved to FLD and located at the premises of the Arboretum (Hoersholm). Integration of the DFSC library with other library services of FLD (and KVL) took up time in 2004. The library continued its routine services of purchase and registration of literature. Towards the end of 2004, the former DFSC librarian was granted leave up to 31 May 2005. FLD has in early 2005 decided to merge its library services with the central KVL library. The former DFSC library will form part of this merger, and the position of the former (DFSC) librarian (8 months per year) will not be maintained.

34. International Advisory Committee The International Advisory Committee (IAC) of FLD was established early 2004 to provide guidance to the development and environment programme of the centre. Information on the mandate and members of the IAC are available from www.SL.KVL.dk. The first meeting of the committee took place on 15 September 2004. The agenda and minutes of the meeting are available from the homepage.

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The IAC project account covers the travel and related cost of the participants and the costs of the meeting itself. The preparation, participation and reporting from the meeting are supported from various sources, including from the International Co-ordinator (ref. Activity No. 20 above).