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Progress of HIRFL-CSR (Institute of Modern Physics, CAS)
•Introduction
•CSR Progress
•Experiment at CSR2004.8
HIRFL Layout
• ECR Ion Source
• SFC K=69(72)--10AMev
• SSC K=450 –100AMev
•CSRm Quasi-synchrotron
• CSRe: Accel. & Deccel. And High Sensitive ( measure 1 atom of 238U) & Accuracy (~10-6) Spectrometer
12.1 Tm
1100AMev 12C500AMev U72+
9.4 Tm
500AMev U92+
10AMev
100AMev
Electroweak force
Electromagnetic forceQED
Weak forceStandardmodell
Strong forceQCD
Gravitation forcegeneral relaticivity
Galaxy1021 m
Matter10-1 m
Crystal10-9 m
Atom10-10 m
Atomnucleus10-14 m
ElectronNucleon10-15 m
<10-18 mQuark
DNA10-8 m
Research with ion beam:
• Material research
• Health research
• Dense plasma
• Atomic process
• Nucleus structure
• Hadron structure
• Hgh temperature high density nuclear matter
Structure of Matter
RF : 14.5, 18 GHz, 800-1000 WExtract: φ8mm, 20-25kVSlit: 10-15 mmFaraday-cup: -150 V
Ar11+ 240 eμA , Ar14+ 30 eμA
129Xe20+ 160 eμA , Xe26+ 95 eμA, Xe30+ 7 eμA
Ni12+ 75 eμA , Ni13+ 57 eμA, Ni15+ 31 eμA
Fe11+ 210 eμA , Fe12+ 175 eμA, Fe13+ 141 eμA, Fe16+ 25 eμA
LECR3
Ar8+1mA, Ar11+ 325 eμA at 18GHz
SFC & SSC
KSFC = 70
KSSC = 450~1011pps(Kr——Xe)~1010pps(>Xe)
(Z<30,E~5MeV/A)I:~3 ×1013pps (C—Ne)
>5×1012pps(Mg—Ar)>1×1012pps(Ca—
*Zn,*Ge,*Kr)
Rebuncherbetween SFC
and SSC
Unique Features of SECRAL
Axial solenoid coils are located inside of Sextupole Decrease interaction force The Ion source more compact
Reduce the stored energy Reduce stray field
Cold iron structure as field booster and clamp
Sextupole with curved saddle-shaped coils
More convenient for clamp of the coils
Three solenoid coils are energized by same direction current
64Ni17+ 50µA86Kr25+ 50µA132Xe30+ 50µA
Main Physics Goals at CSRRadioactive Ion Beam PhysicsNuclear Reactions in Energy <1.1 GeV/uHI & <2.8GeV ProtonHigh Charge State of Atomic Physics High Energy Density (high T & D Plasma) Applications
o Astrophysics (Key Point)o *Irradiative Biology (Cancer Therapy)
CSR Main Performances
<10-5<10-4∆P/P
≤ 1 π mm-mrad≤ 5 π mm-mrad Emmitance
±0.25~0.5%±0.15%δP/P (entrance)
2000(P)620 760 (12C6+)400 500 (238U>90+)
2350 2800 (P)900 1100 (12C6+)420 520 (238U72+)
Energy (MeV/u)(Bmax=1.4 1.6 T)
P,C-U, RIB,HCI,Molecular & Cluster
P,C-UIon SpeciesCSReCSRm
Time Schedule & BudgetTime Schedule:
•2000.4—2001.7 Building Construction
•——2001.7 Key Samples
•2001.4—2004.10 Fabrication
•2002.6—2004.12 Assembling, Testing
•2003.9—2004.12 CSRm Install &Commission
•2004.1—2005.4 CSRe Install &Commission
Budget: 293.5 Million Yuan + 50 Million Yuan
CSR Progress
Good100%99%AlignmentGood100%99%Internal Target
Good96%86%Control
Good96%88%Diagnostic
Weak, Speed Up85%72%Inject & Extract
Good99%86%RF
Better100%99%E-Cooler
Good, Uncertainly99%90%UHV
Good98%89%Power Supplier
Good99%90%Magnet
Status Progress (Contracts)
Progress (Money pay)
Sub-System
1, Magnet
-100 -50 0 50 100
-0.004
-0.003
-0.002
-0.001
0.000
0.001
∆BL
/B0L
x/mm
B0=1.46235T calculated
B0=1.44740T measured
2, Power Supplier
Total Net Power: >12MW
3.2×10-5Cycle-to-cycle repetition
7×10-5Repetition8.4×10-8900HZ6.8×10-7600HZ5.6×10-7300HZ1.9×10-6100HZCurrent ripple
(570A)
3.5×10-52000A9.8×10-62570ALong-term
stability
Test result
Parameter
3,Vaccum(~300m2)
4, Electron Cooler at CSRm
200 300 400 500-2x10-3
-1x10-3
0
1x10-3
2x10-3
Horizontal angle magnet field at cooling section after assembling after alliments of coils
angl
e (ra
d)
s (cm)
200 300 400 500
-3x10-3
-2x10-3
-1x10-3
0
1x10-3
2x10-3
3x10-3
Vertical angle at cooling section after assembling after alliments of coils
angl
e (r
ad)
s (cm)
5, RF System
2×10.01×20.01×7.0HVrf(n×kv)
0.5/2.06.0/14.00.24/1.71fmin/fmax (MHz)116,32,641Harmonic
Accel. & CaptureRF StackAccel.CSReCSRm
CSRm Alignment
Accuracy: 0.1~0.3 mm
CSR Inject Line
CSRmInstallation
CSRm Extract
CSRm Inject
CSRe Key Setup
300 KV E_Cooler Gas Jet TargetN2 2×1013/cm2
Ne ~2×1013/cm2
Ar 7×1013/cm2
Dipole (~34T)
Commission• Inject Beam from SSC-CSR
was Installed and Beam commission to entry of CSRm
• CSRm has Installed about end of Feb. 2004 and Beam Commission: 2004.7 ~2004.12
• RIBLL-II is Installed before Oct. 2004 and Beam Commission: 2004.12~2005.2
• CSRe is Installed before end of 2004 and Beam Commission: 2005.2~2005.4
• First test experiment 2005 ~
Experiment at CSR
Building 2#Bu
ildin
g 6#
CSRm
CSRe
SFC
SSC
SFC: several to 10 AMeV
SSC: tens to 100 AMeV
CSRm: 1.1 AGeV(12C6+), 2.8 GeV(p)
CSRe: 0.76 AGeV (12C6+)
North
CSRm Internal Target
External Target
High Energy Density
Cancel Therapy
CSRe Internal Target
Detectors at CSR• CSRe Detector (high accuracy HI, RIB, Atom…)
– e, x, γ, HI,Laser…– Internal target (Cluster Jet),
• RIB Detector– Charged Particles, neutron, γ– External Target,
• CSRm Detector– Mini-4π detector (wasa)– Internal (pellet, polarization) or solid foil target,
• High Energy Density Matter• Irradiate Experiment (Cancer Therapy)
HIRFL-CSR Operation Feature
• Multi-Exp.(>90%HIRFL+<0.1%CSRm、<0.01%CSRe)
• Energy range (5MeV/u~1100MeV/u)• Many beam species (Ion、RIB、HCI)• Multi-field(nuclear、atom,irradiation、biology)• Operation modes:
– CSRm + external target– CSRm+RIBLL-II + external target– CSRm+CSRe + internal target (high accuracy)– CSRm+RIBLL-II+CSRe + internal target (high accuracy)– CSRm+CSRe+E_Cooler + laser (high accuracy)– …
Experiment in CSRe• Reaction measurement
– Internal solid target + (300keV) e-cooler (E<547MeV/u, A<40 balance ?)
– γ measured by Campton telescope – Particle, neutron, measured in downstream
• Nuclear Shape measurement– RFQ internal target (RIB possible) ?– Measurement >800 MeV Proton scattering as
Fraunhofer diffraction – Charged particle Radius measured by using
laser spectroscopy
CSReDetector
Large acceptance dipole
Neutron wall
γ detectors
Tracking detectors
ToF wall
Start detector
RIB Detector (External Target)
Neutron Wall (δE/E~ 5% for 1 GeV neutrons)
2/122 ])/()/)[(1(/ ttllTT nn δδγγδ ++=
1120
1440
1440
Neutron
lightguide
Scintillator:10 mm for each layer
Iron4 mm for each layer
1440
PMT PMT
70
Peddle
Width: 80Thickness: 70Length: 1440
Efficiency Curve
• Preliminary physics program at CSRm
– Rare decay modes of mesonsSuch as η, ω, η’ , K+ ,K− ,φ, ρ
– Studies on N*Such as N*(1440), N*(1535), N*(1650)
– Search for multi-quark statesSuch as
double ω,d*(2165-2186) → pn or ppπ− di-baryon statesp+d→Λ+(Θ+=Ko+p) or Λ+(Θ+=K++n) pentaquark
– polarization (close to threshold)
CSRm Internal Experiment• Setup
– Pellet Target
– Forward detector (4°~18°)
– Central detector (20°~160°)
C Solid foil TargetL~ 6*1010*1017*1.8*106—1034
Pellet Target (p, d)Pellet frequency (max):
70 kHz
Pellet diameter:<40 µm
Effective target thickness:1015 ~ 1016 atoms/cm2
Proton beam life time(@3×1015 atoms/cm2):at 550/1360 MeV 5/10 min
Luminosity (@ 3×1015
atoms/cm2, 1×1010 p stored):1032 cm−2s−1
Employed by WASA @ CELSIUS
TLS Lab., Uppusala, Sweden
Most Advanced internal target
SFC
TR5TR3
TR4
TR1
TL2TL1
SSC
PDC
T1
RIBLL1
IS cluster
PT
TR3
TR2
RFQ-Linac
ISOL-PT
20 m
e-Linac
HIRFL Future Development
•RIB Production by50MeV e(+C γ)+ 238U
•Linac: 10 Mev/u
•RFQ internal target
•LIS + HV +BoosterFeature: RIB+RIB
Wide E @ T1/2 range high beam qualityfavor beam intensity
•Cancer Therapy Setup
Cancer Therapy
Thank You !
Forward Detector (4°~ 18°)
Detectors:• Tracking detector:
totally 1600 fibers (φ2×400), angular resolution: 0.2 deg.
• Timing & trigger detector:2 layers of BC408 sheets &10 sheets/layer, sheet size: 5 ×40 ×400, σt~300 ps
• Hadron calorimeter:sampling type. (1mm Fe + 4 mm BC408)×70; 8 layers & 25 paddles/layer. Paddle size: 50 (T) × 40 (W) × 1000 (L), δE/E~7% (E=370 MeV protons)
• Cherenkov detector:threshold type, for detecting high energy charged particles
Particle identification methods:• Lower energy charged particles ⇒ ∆E-E (Eproton < 370 MeV)
• Higher energy charged particles ⇒ Cherenkov light
Central Detector (20°~ 160°)
Detectors:• Tracking detector
TPC: inner φ 82 mm, outer φ 406 mm, length of 400 mm, σx,y< 1.0 mm, δE/E~6%
• Scintillator barrel:φ460; 146 plastic scintillator bars with size of 8 × 10 × 410, σt<500 ps
• Electromagnetic calorimeter~1200 CsI(Tl) crystals, length of 20~30 cm, each crystal covers the angles of both ∆θ and ∆φ around 7°, δE/E< 3% (1 GeV photons).
• Superconducting Solenoid inner diameter ~1300 mm; axial magnetic field at the center 1.37 T.
Particle identification methods:• Charged particles ⇒ dE/dx vs Bρ up to p~400-500 MeV/c• π0 and Photon ⇒ EMC
Identification Z by RIS ?
1st and 2nd Ionization Potential
Possible Excitation & Ionization RIS
Energy
Lifetime ?
Energy
Lifetime ?
Key Point of Identify Z by RIS
• Strong Laser with 1015-17/p for excitation cross section about 10-15--17/cm2
• Maintain SHE in a small location RFQ• Precise excitation level QED Calc.• Half-lives of excitation state • 1st or/both 2nd ionization • Laser photo energy > 6eV ?
Pulsed Ti:Sa Laser System (Tunnable pulse width >50ps & >10ps between each pulse)
Ti : Sa400mJ/800nm, 30Hz
pump, 100mJ/532nm30Hz,
Amplifier30Hz,2mJ
Expend50~500ps/1nJ
Fs Laser oscillation 30fs/400mW/800nm
~140mJ/200nm
pump,5W@532nmVerdi或Millennia
Parameter Amplifier(~10mJ)
200nm→230~450nm
Freq. Double。BBO800→400nm(400mJ)
pump,1500mJ/532nm10Hz,
pump 1500mJ/532nm10Hz,
分光
分光2dn Freq Double。BBO400→200nm(200mJ)
~100mJ/400nm
~40mJ/200nm~20mJ/200nm
Parameter Amplifier(~20mJ)
200nm→230~450nm
Delay I
Delay II 分光
Pulsed Laser Assemble
10 m
Q01Q02
D0Q1
Q2
D1 Q3Q4 Q5 Q6
D2
Q7Q8
Q9Q10
Q11Q12Q13 Q14 D4
Q15Q16
C2
T2
C1
T0
2B04D3
T1
9876543210
RIBLL Upgrade for SHE
停主束xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
+HV
-HV
Main ParametersRIBLL SHIP
∆Ω >7msr ~1.7msr
∆P/P ~10% ~10%
Bρmax ~4.2Tm ~1.2Tm
A/ ∆A ~300 ~300
6, Inject & Extract
4 Sets
4 Sets
4 Sets
7, Control:(> 96% Digit)(Home Make >75%)
• Web + Internet + DB• CPCI(PXI), Fast Ethernet,
RS485, …• Multifunction, Arbitrary
wave generator (Processor Embed)
Horizantal/vertical Slits
Faraday-Cup
Double Single Wire
45° Viewing Screen
8, Diagnostic