Progress Monitoring Student Materials · Progress Monitoring . Student Materials. Benchmark 3 ... kiv som ven uz kad voz fet jud mal riv im sev zop tud raf ud jel pic nac boj fil

Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills

K-3

Progress Monitoring

Student Materials

Benchmark 3

progress monitoringDIBELS

DIBELS is a registered trademark of Dynamic Measurement Group, Inc. Visit our website at www.dibels.org. Revised 5/17/10

DIBELS® Next Student MaterialsNonsense Word Fluency

Progress Monitoring

Roland H. Good III

Ruth A. Kaminski

with:

Kelli Cummings, Chantal Dufour-Martel, Kathleen Petersen,

Kelly Powell-Smith, Stephanie Stollar, and Joshua Wallin

Dynamic Measurement Group, Inc.

®

DIBELS® Progress Monitoring Page 1

Benchmark 3

Nonsense Word Fluency Progress Monitoring

sog mip

DIBELS® Progress Monitoring Page 2Nonsense Word Fluency Progress Monitoring 1

Benchmark 3

hif mez un jaf roc

l iv rem vam ov luf

yej l ig zat hof puj

ib maj wos keb ruk

ug jin pag bom sez

des woj lut rav zi l

kun aj yim rev kol

huf soz zas dif em

ked tov zuv paf j ip

vap id muj sec sol

DIBELS 7th Edition Draft Nonsense Word Fluency Correct Letter SoundsPage 8 © 2009 Dynamic Measurement Group, Inc.


Benchmark 3

Nonsense Word Fluency Progress Monitoring 2

ris baj uk zom het

foj muc yeb iv baf

yaz mol zet pid luv

im loz jeg kal fub

ot juf fal neb diz

huc wiv mes pav zol

dus oj jes t iz mak

rud sej wac mis os

bis bez jav tuf joc

zin ub tej bal lof



Benchmark 3


sek tav og yuk l i l

mav nef vif uz non

jez fid yud mot sav

ep poz zal suf bi l

od vi l teb nuc nav

dep zoj ras luz wic

bof ev zun fav mim

dom tiv zes haf un

lol ni j jaj puc zem

yef um miv pof pac

DIBELS Next Edition Draft Nonsense Word Fluency Correct Letter SoundsPage 10 © 2010 Dynamic Measurement Group, Inc.


Benchmark 3


lun naj ec zob tig

bov fim vac uj hed

wov dek vun hac riv

af huz vim seg nop

oc zeb kam tul hiz

nad zez rop ruj wis

lak ij wun boz kec

pib bav wuc bol ek

meb maj juv dit zok

yec ob niz buc rak



Benchmark 3


l im saj ug yot fep

dej tas yop ij dun

zov sal yit ped muv

ic kav veg dop kuk

ul waf pok mel biv

ret vuv hin roj jad

fen av zot biz lud

sug dij yat nog el

mef piz zav pul zof

wob em hij kas kuc



Benchmark 3


hos bev ab zut mig

pav loc yeg uj t id

jev sif jop tac tuz

ib mev jus bac kon

ud vaf kel fod riz

ses yuj mon rij vad

dat iv zuf lov neg

bas miz jom mep uc

rik fez zuj pon wam

zon id fej maf duk



Benchmark 3


nim duz ak zek dok

rav l in vod ev nus

vez kac yib duc hoj

op ti j jak det nup

ef yof pik nub laj

sok yij def raj vus

faf oj weg niv lum

fom kij wal mec ut

lef mij vuj mog vas

vib ap ruz reg mof



Benchmark 3


nam muz et wom fip

doj las zef uv fis

zoz tem vid lub faj

ag doz vis tuc pec

uf wik tet mod dav

dec viv rom daj yuf

fob az zib fev ruf

hes koj wus kig ac

hal luj ziv kod wem

vut eb paj hib noc



Benchmark 3


s id buj eg vok hab

soj feg zac uz mid

juz hak wif nem moz

ig koz jum nep kat

om zel sac fik nuz

laf wej kip puv von

sas ov yic sev tum

bes kaj yug hi l ol

sup mov yav sep vig

jol en puz lac mil



Benchmark 3


sen nuv ip wat nok

nav pum ved iv fof

ziz tol zan duf nev

ut moj jeb tis mas

al jun nek fol piv

hom jij kaf dez yup

sof i j jul taj hef

kem hoz zim sak un

lus rej yoj ral z is

yab op pij sel tun



Benchmark 3


pip duv ak wot lep

fuz mek yig aj nof

yuv kot yep sim laj

ec nov yag tup dib

uk yek hob bik sav

dof zaz del hiz jub

bod av zed kiz dul

fem foz yal l is ul

bem pav yiv num vom

yis ap tez buf pos



Benchmark 3


nid tev ab wug lon

boz bak zus iv nes

zuz l if yob nec kaj

ek bov yaf dup mib

od jef mif fas kuj

bab yov bub fiz vec

sed ov wuf daj rit

dak loj wum kic el

fac lev juj hig yon

jep oc l i j dal lu l



Benchmark 3


nug bej ol zam sig

kiv som ven uz kad

voz fet jud mal riv

im sev zop tud raf

ud jel pic nac boj

f i l woz pas suj zeg

pol av vip buv sef

rec biv yom fud ac

kak dov zej nul yik

vek af nij sot mul



Benchmark 3


mab soz uc wec ric

suz nic veb aj moc

jiv sul wep poc tav

ob mav zud leb bif

eg jup dob l ic dav

bip wev nal foj juk

pob uv yad biz tef

lok kav yul pem ik

t ik hov wez hud wak

wek um fav fos ri l



Benchmark 3


tok t iz ep vaf dut

hej sim zuc az kos

vev kan wuk fon dij

ig paj jok fel kup

es wi l mag tob kuz

pab yev sos huj zif

lat i j wef fov buk

pel s iv zaf nos uf

hod buj yiz ren wan

wub og lav bip bek



Benchmark 3


t ik tev ot wak rul

poj t ig yad uj feb

wuz hoc yi l taf dev

eb sij wol nan kud

em vup fap fid moz

dit joz dem taj wup

tuk oj jed mij nak

mok kev vab luk id

fif kez wuv nom yas

jod ug hiv kef bap



Benchmark 3


kap tuz ib yel rof

naj bul yog iv fef

yov huk vi l rac lej

ag l iv jos tes hup

os zas t is nuk rev

pog vuv dap tez wis

daf ev zul foz t i l

kop saj zif hul ef

rek raj zuj ros zim

yan ub koj min fek



Benchmark 3


kot nez uf val hib

nav tel wif ov hup

yuv kik zep nan lov

em miz wod rud kak

og yus mak teg ti j

t id voz fum bav yed

luf aj yib hoz pef

nom suv jek dat ic

rab suz vez bos yi l

wen ob bij fud sal



Benchmark 3


kup tej ab woc fis

huv non zed ij sak

zav reb yol pik luj

ac pez zuf bik mog

ec wuf nog dak siz

rep yuz fol rav j ik

bef oj zi l fuz faf

mos fez vis pag um

tak buv woj hin vec

vep od fuj l i l laf



Benchmark 3


kek fiv os zul hal

luv ras jof iv peb

yiz lus yel kam toz

ub sez zod fas hi l

ap zup heg bif moj

nic yav lud nej zog

nof uv zak sej bi l

pim dej jun lan op

bas tuv wej tog wic

jem ug tiv rog kal


Benchmark 3



DIBELS® Next Student MaterialsOral Reading Fluency/Level 1

Progress Monitoring

Roland H. Good III

Ruth A. Kaminski

with:




®


Benchmark 3

Oral Reading Fluency L1/Progress Monitoring 1

A Busy Saturday

Themorninglightfilledtheroom.Meljumpedoutofbedandputonherclothes.ShehadabusySaturdayplanned.Shecouldnotwaittogetstarted. First,MelandhermommadeMel’sfavoritefood.Hermomcutabananainhalf.ThenMelspreadpeanutbutteronbothsides.Shebroughtthetwopiecestogetherandateherbananasandwichoutsideinthesun. SoonMel’sbigbrothercameoutwithsomechalk.Theydrewalineonthedriveway.Afterputtingonhelmets,theyskatedalongtheline.Melwentveryslowly.Shewasjustlearningtoskate.Herbrotherhelpedherskateinastraightlineandnotfalldown. Nowitwastimeforart.Melwenttotheartbox.Hermomoftenfilleditwithfunthings.Melgotanideawhenshesawsomesocks.Shemadeadogpuppetandabirdpuppetoutofthesocks.Thenshewroteaplayaboutthem.Sheaskedherbrotherandmomtocomewatch.Theylikedtheshowandclappedwhenitended. Thatnight,Melhelpedhermommakedinner.Thenshereadabookuntilitwastimeforbed.WhenMelturnedoutthelight,shethoughtaboutallthefunthingsshehaddone.


Benchmark 3


Tap Dance

Ifyouhearasongyoulike,youmighttapyourfoottothebeat.Tappingthefeetisafunwaytomovetothemusic.Itisnosurprisethatfoottappingturnedintoadance.Itiscalledtapdance.Tapdancehaspeopleusetheirfeettomakesounds.Themanysoundsthefeetmakecometogethertoformakindofsong.Thismakesitfuntowatchandlistentotap. Tapdancerswearspecialshoeswithmetalplatesonthebottom.Theplatesarecalledtaps.Whenthetapshitthefloortheymakenoise.Dancersmovetheirfeetaroundtomakedifferentnoises.Themovesarecalledsteps.Eachstephasadifferentname.Somecommonstepsarethebrush,stomp,andshuffle.Whendancersfirstlearnhowtotap,theystartslow.Whentheygetbetter,theirfeetwillmovefaster.Theymayalsolearnveryhardsteps.Thesetakealongtimetomaster. Tapdancehasbeenaroundformanyyears.Likemanykindsofdance,ithaschangedovertime.OnegreattapdanceteamcalledSlapandHappyaddedturnsandevenacrobatics.Peoplebecameexcitedtowatchtap.Soon,tapappearedonTVandinmovies.Thankstothemanyshowsthatusetap,thiskindofdanceisstillenjoyedtothisday.


Benchmark 3


The Yellow Snake

Janewassohappy.HerclasswasgoingonafieldtriptoReptileGardens.Therewouldbelotsofsnakes,lizards,andturtles.Somepeopledonotlikethesekindsofanimals,butJanelikedthembestofall. ThefirstthingJaneandherclasssawwhentheygottoReptileGardenswasaroomfilledwithsnakes.Theywerealldifferentsizesandcolors.Janethoughttheywereverypretty.Shesawaworkerholdingabigsnake.Itwasbrightyellow.Janehadneverseenayellowsnakebefore.Theworkersawherwatchingandsmiledather. “Wouldyouliketoseewhatthesnakefeelslike?”sheasked.Janesaidyesandtoucheditgently.Itwasdry,smoothandcool.Janegrinned.Thiswasgreat! Nexttheclasswenttoaroomthatwasfullofgiantturtles.Janewatchedthemastheyswaminthewater.Theywerealotbiggerthanthesnakes.Shelikedtowatchtheturtles,andwantedtotouchone.Herteachersaidthatwasnotagoodidea. Alltoosoonitwastimetogohome.JanewasgladtheReptileGardenswerecloseby.Sheknewshewouldcomebackagaintoseethebigyellowsnake.


Benchmark 3


A Pancake Breakfast

Onaschoolday,themorningcanbeverybusy.Mostpeopleeatbreakfastfoodsthatdonottakemuchtimetomake.Theymighthavecerealandmilkorfruitwithwheattoast.Ontheweekend,peoplearenotinarush.Theycaneatfoodsthattakelongertofix.Youmightliketotrycookingpancakeswhenyouhavethetime. Tomakepancakes,firstyoumakethebatter.Somepeopleuseamixthattheybuyfromthestore.Theyaddeggsandmilk.Otherpeopledonotuseamix.Theyputflour,salt,andsugarinabowl.Thentheyaddtheeggsandmilk.Allthesethingstogethermakethebatter.Stirthebatterjustalittlebit.Toomuchstirringwillmakethepancakesheavy. Next,heatabigflatpan,andpoursomebatterintothepan.Bubblespopup,whichmakethepancakesgetbig.Thebubblesarefilledwithair.Theairmakesthepancakeslightandfluffy. Soon,thepancakesturnbrownaroundthesides.Itistimetoturnthemover.Theycookforafewmoreminutes.Thenthecookputsallthepancakesonaplate. Nowitistimetoaddsomethingontop.Somepeoplelikesyrup.Otherslikefruits,suchasstrawberries.Therearelotsofthingsyoucanputonpancakes.Addingthetoppingisthelaststep.Nowyoucaneatyourtastypancakes.


Benchmark 3


Picking Apples

Theapplefarmwashavingapickingparty.Renandherfamilyhadcometoenjoythefun.Rencouldseeahayrideandamanpaintingfaces.Therewasevenawomanjugglingfiveapplesaboveherhead. Renwantedtopickapplesfirst.Sherantothenearesttree.Smiling,Renpulledoffabigredapple.Sheopenedhermouthwide.Crunch!Asshetookabite,sweetjuicerandownherchin.Renquicklyatetheapple.Nowitwastimetogettowork.Renfilledherbasketsoshewouldhavelotsofapplestoeatathome. Afterpickingredapples,Renwenttoatreethathadgreenapples.Theseappleswerenotverysweet,buttheymadetastypiesandcakes.Rengotanotherbasket.Shepickedasmanyapplesasshecould.Whenshetriedtoliftthebasket,Rencouldnotpickitup.Itwastooheavy.Ren’smothersmiledandaskedhertogetawagon.Together,theyputbothoftheirbasketsonthewagonandpulledittotheircar. Theimportantworkwasdone.NowRenwasreadytohavefun.Shewenttogetherfacepainted.Renlookedatallthepictures.Thenshesawtheoneshewanted.Whenthemanwasdonepainting,Renhadabigredappleonhercheek.


Benchmark 3


The Puppet Show

Ourclasstookatriptothepubliclibrarytoseeapuppetshow.Studentsfromotherschoolswerethere,too.Thepuppetshowwasinaspecialpartofthelibrarywheretherewerebooksandchairsjustforchildren.Aladyreadthestorywhilethepuppetsperformedthestory.Ourclasshadsomuchfun!Weaskedourteacherifwecouldmakeapuppetshowofourownandshesaidyes. Whenwegotbacktoschoolwetalkedaboutideasforashow.Weraisedourhandstoshareideas.Weeachwaitedourturnwhileourteacherwrotetheideasonthewhiteboard.Wetalkedaboutalloftheideas.Thenwevotedforthebestone.Theclassvotedtomaketheshowaboutatriptothelibrary. Ourclassmadepuppetsoutofsocksandpaperbags.Someofthepuppetslookedverysilly.Minehadbrownhairandredlips.Everyonehadajobtodo.Somechildrenplannedwhatthepuppetswouldsay.Otherchildrenmadeastageoutofabigbox.Wepracticedtheshowoverandover.Thenwedidourpuppetshowforthechildreninpreschool.Theylovedit.


Benchmark 3


Puzzles

Doyouliketosolvepuzzles?Theycanbealotoffun.Therearemanykindsofpuzzles.Formanypeople,thepuzzletheylikebestisajigsawpuzzle.Inajigsawpuzzle,youmakeapictureoutofmanysmallpieces. Thefirstjigsawpuzzlewasmadebyamapmaker.Firsthemadeamapoftheworld.Thenhecutaroundeachnation.Peoplehadtotrytoputthepiecesintherightplace.Schoolsusedthiskindofpuzzletoteachstudentswhereeachnationoftheworldwaslocated.Itmadelearningabouttheworldfun. Next,anewkindofsawletpuzzlemakerscutpuzzlesintomanysmallpieces.Thepieceswereoftencutintooddshapes.Manymorejigsawpuzzlesweremade.Then,theybegantoputfunpicturesonthem.Peoplewantedtoseewhatthepicturewouldlooklikewhenitwasdone. Today,youcanbuymanykindsofjigsawpuzzles.Thehardoneshavelotsoftinypieces.Somehavepicturesonbothsides.Someareshapedlikeshipsorcastles.Someevenhaveclueshiddeninthepicture.Thenyougettosolveapicturepuzzleandamystery.


Benchmark 3


A Night at Grandma’s House

Thecardroveoutthefarmgate.Jonwavedgoodbyetohisdad.Thenhesmiledathisgrandma.Hehadbeenwaitingallweektocomespendthenightwithher.Theyalwayshadsomuchfuntogether. First,Jonandhisgrandmafedtheanimals.Hethrewcorntothechickensandfeedcubestothecows.Thenhegavehayandwatertothegoats. “Thisanimalishungrynow,”saidJon,pointingtohimself. Grandmamademacaroniandcheesefordinner.Aftereating,Jonwenttotheorangeroomtoplay.Ithadbeenhisfather’sroomlongago.Jongotoutsomesmallcarsandmadearoadofblockstodrivethemon. GrandmasoontoldJonitwastimeforbed.Hewenttogethispajamasandbearoutofhisbag.Surprised,Jonfoundthathehadlefthisbearathome.Hewonderedhowhewouldbeabletosleep. Grandmathoughtforaminute.Thensheopenedtheclosetandpulledoutawhitebox.Jonsawabrownbearwithaflatnoseinside.GrandmaexplainedthatJon’sfatherhadsleptwiththebearwhenhewasyoung.ThenosewasflatbecauseJon’sfatherhaduseditasapillow. Jonheldthebearclose.Nowhecouldgotosleep.


Benchmark 3


Go to Sleep

Whatdoyoudobeforeyougotobedatnight?Youmayread,play,orlistentoastory.Thenyourmouthopenswideandyoutakeinabigbreath.Youareyawning.Thatmeansitistimetogotosleep. Sleepisatimewhenthebodygetstorest.Youarenotplayingorworking.Mostchildrensleepninetotwelvehourseachnight.Thelongrestingtimeletsyourbodybuildupenergy.Thenyoucanworkandplaythenextday. Whenyousleep,yourbodychanges.Thebeatofyourheartslows.Youdonotbreatheasfast.Thesechangeshelpyourbodyrestandrelaxsoitcangrow.Duringthistimeyourbodyalsoworkstofixplacesthatarehurtorsick. Sleephelpsyourmind,too.Itletsyourbrainrest.Thenextdayyouareabletorememberthingsmoreeasily.Sleepcanalsohelpyourbrainsolveproblems. Asyoucansee,sleepisveryimportant.Ithelpskeepyourbodyandmindhealthy.Thenexttimeyouyawnorfeeltired,rememberthatyourbodymaybetellingyouitneedstogotosleep.


Benchmark 3


Shape Art

Itwastimeforart.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatspringhadcome.Heaskedthemtodrawapictureofsomethingthatshowedtheseason. Jedputhishandsinhislap.Hedidnotthinkheknewhowtodraw.TheteacheraskedJedwhatwaswrong. “Iamnotgoodatdrawing,”Jedsaid. “Thinkofeverythingyouseeasagroupofshapes,”saidtheteacher.“Ahousehasasquarewallandatriangleroof.Justdrawtheshapes.” Jedlookedoutthewindow.Hesawatreethatwasjuststartingtogrownewleaves.Helookedatthetreetofindshapes. First,Jeddrewalongbrownrectangleforthetrunk.Hedrewmorethinrectanglesatthetopofthetrunktomakebranches. WhichshapecouldJedusetomaketheleaves?Helookedoutthewindowagain.Jeddrewsomegreenovalsonthebranches. Jedhadplacedthetreeinthemiddleofthepaper.Hethoughtitlookedfunny.SoJedmadealineunderthetrunktoshowtheground.Nowthetreeneededroots.Hedrewlongthintrianglesatthebottomofthetrunk. SomethingwasstillmissingfromJed’spicture.Helookedoutthewindowandsawaredbird.NowJedknewjustwhathistreeneeded.Hedrewaredbirdwithovalsfortheheadandbody.Trianglesmadethebillandwings.Jedtitledhispicture,“Springtree.”


Benchmark 3


Watch Them Change and Grow

“Iseeone,”saidGrandfather.“Putthenetinthewaterandscoophimupbeforehegetsaway!” Jillwaitedforthetadpoletoswimclosetothebanksothatshecouldreachhim.Quickly,sheleanedoverandcaughtthelittlecreatureinhernet.Shestaredatitandwatcheditwriggle. “Hewillgrowandchangeintoafinefrog,”hergrandfathersaid. “Iwanttokeephimandseehimchange,”shesaid. GrandfathertoldJillthatshecouldkeephim.“But,whenhegrowsintoafrog,we’llhavetobringhimbacktothecreek.” Jillandhergrandfathermadeahomewithafishtank.Theyputrocksatthebottom.Waterplantsaddedfoodandcolor.Next,theyfilledthetankwithalittlebitofwater.Jillwatchedhertadpolechangeoverthenextfewweeks.First,hegrewbacklegs,thenhegrewfrontlegs.Histailbecamesmallerandsmallereachday.Jillchartedhisgrowth. Onedayitwasclearthatherpethadbecomeafrog.Itwastimeforhimtogobacktothecreek.Jillandhergrandfathertookhimbackandsethimfree.Thefrogjumpedawayhappily. Jillgrinnedfromeartoear.“That’safinefrog,”shesaid. “Well,wouldyoulookatthis?”saidGrandfather. “Acaterpillar!”Jillreplied.“CanIkeephim?Iwanttoseehimchangeandgrow!”


Benchmark 3


Clams

Aclamisananimalthatlivesinthesea.Aclamhastwohardshellsthatcoverasoftwhitebody.Amuscleholdsthetwoshellstogethersotheycanopenlikeadoor.Ithelpsopenandclosetheclamshell.Theclamopenstheshelltoeat.Itclosestheshelltobesafe. Youmayhaveneverseenaclam.Thatisbecausetheyliveburiedinthesandoftheoceanfloor.Clamshideinthesandforsafety.Theyhaveonefoot,whichtheyusetodigaholeinthesand.Itisnotlikeyourfoot.Itisallonepieceanddoesnothavetoes.Thefootdigsaholebymovingbackandforth.Theclamdigsabouttwoinchesintothesand.Clamsoftenstayinthisholetheirwholelife. Toeat,clamspushtwotubesthroughthesand.Onetubepullsinwaterandfood.Theotherpushesoutwaste. Seaotterseatclamsiftheycanfindthem.Theyswimdowntotheoceanflooranddiginthesandforclams.Thentheotterswimsbackuptothesurface.Finally,theotterusesarocktocrackopenthehardshell. Mostclamsgrowtobeonetothreeincheslong.Somegrowtomorethanfivefeetlong.Thesegiantclamsweighupto500pounds.Anotterwouldhaveahardtimeeatingaclamthatbig!


Benchmark 3


The Talking Stone

Theteachergatheredthestudentsintoacircle.Heheldupawhitestoneinhishand. “Thisisatalkingstone,”hetoldhisstudents.“Ithelpsustaketurnssoeveryonehasachancetotalkandachancetolisten.Ifweallspeakatonce,noonecanhear.Wecanusethestonetohelpus.Ifyouhavethestone,itisyourtimetotalk.Ifyoudonothavethestone,itisyourtimetolisten.Thiswaywecanshare,andeveryonecanhear.” Thentheteacheraskedthestudentstosharesomethingspecialtheyhaddonethatday. Jenraisedherhandquickly.Shewantedtosharesomethingthatnooneelsewouldshare.Shewantedtotalkaboutfeedingthelizard.Whentheteacherpassedthestonetoanotherchild,Jenputherhanddown.Itwasherturntolisten. Thestonemovedslowly.Onegirltalkedaboutdrawingpicturesinart.Anotherboytalkedaboutcountingseedsinmath.Noonetalkedaboutthelizard. SoonTomheldthestone.HesatbesideJen.Tompointedtothelizardandtoldhowhehelpedfeedit.ThenhepassedthestonetoJen. Jentookthestone.Shecouldnotthinkofanythingspecialtosay.Jenlookedatthestone.Thensheknewwhattosay. “Ilikedpassingthetalkingstone,”Jensaid.“Ithelpedmerememberallthefunthingswedidtoday.”


Benchmark 3


The Kite Contest

Itwaskitedayatthelocalpark.EveryoneJimknewhadakitetofly.Jimhadmadethekitehewoulduse.Itwasshapedlikeatriangle.Hehadpaintedaneagleonit.Heknewthataneaglewasabirdthatflewveryhigh.Hehopedthathiskitewouldflyhigh,too. WhenJimandhisdadgottothepark,Jimliftedhiskiteup.Hefeltthetugonthelineandletthestringout.Thewindpulledthekitehigherandhigher.Beforelong,mostofthestringwasgone.Jimsawthattheendwasnottiedtothetube. Hetriedtograbthestringbeforethekitegotaway.Suddenly,agustofwindyankedthestringrightoutofhishand.Thekitewasflyingaway!Jimchasedafterit,tryingtograbtheloosestring. Whenthekitesailedoveratree,thestringgotcaughtononeofthebranches.Happily,Jimsawthatthekitekeptbobbinginthewind.Hewouldbeabletosavehiskiteafterall. AmanwalkedovertoJim.“We’veneverhadatreeflyakite,”hesaid.“Yougettheprizeforfindingaspecialwaytoflyakite.”ThemangaveJimaprize! Jim’sdadreachedupandgrabbedthestring.Thekitecameloose.Alextiedthestringtothetube.Hedidn’twanttolosehiskiteagain.


Benchmark 3


Dad’s Surprise

Itwasagreatdayforasailboatride.Megputonherlifevestandclimbedintotheboat.Dadpulledonaropetoliftthesail.Thewindfilledtheclothandpushedtheboatawayfromthedock.Megleanedoverthesideoftheboattofeelthewater.Awavesplashedonherface.Meglaughedasshewipedthewateroutofhereyes. Meglovedsailingwithherdad.EachSaturday,theywouldsailtoaspotontheothersideofthelake.Dadwouldbringhamsandwichesforlunch.Theywouldeatthemastheysatonthesand.Ifitwasahotday,MegandDadwentforaswim. Theboathadnotgottentotheothersideofthelakeyet,butDadletdownthesail.Theboatstopped.“Ihaveasurpriseforyou,”Dadsaid.Hegotoutafishingrodandtossedthelineintothewater.HegavetherodtoMegandshesmiled.Shehadneverbeenfishing.Soon,shefeltabigtug. “Icaughtsomething!”Megyelled.Shepulledabigfishontotheboat.Dadgaveherahighfive. ThenDadraisedthesailagainandtheboatbegantoglideacrossthewater.Soontheyarrivedattheshore.Dadmadeasmallfiretocookthefish.Theyhadfishforlunch.Itwasagreatpicnic.


Benchmark 3


Kinds of Hats

Ahatsitsontopofthehead.Therearemanykindsofhats.Somehatshavespecialjobs,andsomehatsarejustforfun. Ahardhatkeepstheheadsafe.Itismadeoutofplastic.Housebuilderswearthiskindofhat.Thingsthatfallcannothurttheirheads.Firefightersalsouseahardhat.Theirhatshaveawidebrimonthebacktokeepfireandheataway.Youalsowearahardhatwhenyourideabike.Thathatiscalledahelmet. Manyworkerswearhatsthatshowthejobtheydo.Someofthesehatsaremadeofcloth.Policeofficerswearaflathatthatisthesamecolorastheiruniform.Chefsweartallwhitehatswhentheycook. Peopleusedifferenthatstomatchtheweather.Woolhatsfitcloselyoverthehead.Theykeeptheheadandearswarminthewinter.Sunhatsandbaseballcapshaveawidebrimorbill.Thesehatsshadethefaceandeyesfromthesuninthesummer. Hatsdon’talwayshaveajob.Somearejustforfun.Birthdaypartyhatsaremadeofpaper.Theyhavebrightcolorsandcutepictures. Nexttimeyouwalkintheneighborhood,goonahathunt.Youwillbesurprisedathowmanydifferenthatsyoucanfind.


Benchmark 3


My Mom Is an Artist

Mymommakesthingsoutofclay.Sheisanartist.Sometimesshehasshows.Inashowtheclayobjectsshemakesareputondisplaysomanypeoplecanseethem. Claycomesinbigblocks.Mymomcutsoffalumpofit.Thenshefoldsitandrollsittogetitwarm.Warmclayiseasiertomoldintoshapes.Soon,theclayformsasoftball. ThenMomdecideswhattomake.Shecanmakelotsofdifferentthings,butmostoftenshewillmakeabowl.Sheplacestheclayballonawheel.Thewheelgoesroundandround.Momusesherhandstoshapetheclayintoabowlasthewheelspins. WhenMomishappywiththebowl,sheletsitdryforseveraldays.Astheclaydries,itbecomeshard.Next,Mombrushesaspecialpaintonthebowl.Thecolorsarelightblueandmintgreen.ThenMomputsthebowlintoabigoventhatgetsreallyhot.Aftertheovencools,Momtakesoutthebowl.Thepaintcolorsarenowbrightblueandgreen. SometimesMomletsmemakethingswithclay.OnetimeImadeanelephantwithbigearsandalongtrunk.Ishowedittomyteacher.Shelikeditalotandputitondisplayinourclass.Momsaysthiswasmyfirstshow.ShesaysIamanartistnow,too.


Benchmark 3


A Train Under the City

Thesubwayisakindoftrain.Ittravelsundertheground.Thesubwaymakesitfastandeasytogetplacesinabigcity. Itiseasytofindthesubway.Incitieswithasubway,therearelotsofstopsalongthestreets.Thestopshavebigsignswithstairsthattakeyoudowntothetraintrackswherethesubwayruns.Toridethesubwayyouneedaticket.Afteryouwalkdownthestairsyouwillseeaticketcounter.Therearealsomachinesthatselltickets.Theticketsarenotexpensive.Whenyouhaveaticketyoucanheadtowardthetracksandwaitforthetrain. Whenthetraingetstoyourstopthedoorswillswooshopen.Peoplewillstepoffthetrainfirst.Nowitisyourturntoboardthetrain.Ifthereisaseatyoucansitdown.Ifnot,youcanstand.Whenthetraingetstoyourstop,yougetoffandwalkupthestairsbacktothestreet. Thesubwayisveryimportant.Ithelpspeoplegetaroundthecity.Italsomeansthereislesstrafficonthestreetsbecausepeopledriveless.Thesubwayisagreatwaytotravel.


Benchmark 3


The School Bus

Manychildrenridethebustoschooleveryday.Withouttheschoolbus,itwouldbehardforsomestudentstogettoschoolatall.Otherstudentsmayhavedifficultygettingtoschoolontime.Thebusgetsstudentstoschoolontimeeveryday.Thebusevenpickschildrenupneartheirhouse.Afterschool,thebustakesthembackhome.Itiseasytousethebus. Inadditiontobeingeasytouse,theschoolbusisalsosafe.Infact,schoolbusesareoneofthesafestwaystotravel.Inmostplaces,buseshavewarninglights.Thelightstellothercarstostopwhenthebusisstopped.Boysandgirlscanthengetoffthebusandcrosstheroadsafely. Thereisanotherreasontousetheschoolbus.RidingthebuscanbegoodfortheEarth.Mostlargeschoolbusescanholdfortytosixtychildren.That’salotmorethanacar.Whenchildrentakethebusinsteadofgoingtoschoolinacar,ituseslessgas.Italsomakeslesspollution. Itiseasytospotaschoolbus.Theyarepaintedbrightyellow.Ifyouseeaschoolbus,thinkofthemanygoodreasonstorideone.


Benchmark 3


Star Pitcher

Mybigsisterisonthehighschoolsoftballteam.Sheisthepitcher.Shetriestothrowtheballsothatthebattercannothitit.Mysisterisaverygoodpitcher.Inonegame,shethrewtheballsowellthattheotherteamcouldnotgetevenonehit.Afterthatgame,shegotherpictureinthenewspaper.Theheadlinesaid“Starpitcherthrowsno-hitter.”Ilikedthatheadline.Itcalledmysisterastar. MyparentsandIgotoasmanyofmysister’sgamesaswecan.Wesitwithalltheotherfans.Someofthefansgotomysister’sschool.Otherfansjustliketowatchsoftball.Allthefansclapwhenmysisterthrowstheballpastthebatter.Ifthebattermissestheballthreetimes,sheisout.Whenthathappens,thefanscheer. Beingastarpitchertakesalotofpractice.Sometimesmysistertakesmetopracticewithher.Isitveryquietlyandwatchherworkonherpitching.Shealsorunsandworksouttostayinshape.Mysistersaysthatbeinginshapeisanimportantpartofsoftball.Shesaysitalsokeepsyouhealthy.SometimeswegoforshortrunstogethersoIcanbeinshape,too. Ilikewatchingmysisterplaysoftball.Evenwhenherteamdoesn’twin,Iknowmysisterisastar.

Benchmark 3




Progress Monitoring

Roland H. Good III

Ruth A. Kaminski

with:




®


Benchmark 3


Building Happy Places

Whatdoyoudowhenyougotoaplayground?Maybeyourunasquicklyasyoucantoanemptyswing,hopin,andsoartothesky.Allchildrenliketoplayanddofunthings.Therearelotsofdifferentwaystohavefun.Matthewisateenagerwhousesawheelchair.Hewantedsomecoolthingsfortheplaygroundthatallchildrencoulduse,sohedidsomethingaboutit. Whenhewasonlysixyearsold,Matthewhadagreatidea.Hethoughtofaswingthatallkidscoulduse.Itlookslikeabigboat.Itcanholdtwokidsinwheelchairsandsixotherchildrenatthesametime.HecalleditTheDreamer.ThechallengeforMatthewwastolookatallthethingsonaplaygroundandfigureouthowtheycouldbemadetoworkwithawheelchair.Thatwayallchildrencouldplaytogether. Matthewgiveshistimetoagroupthatbuildsplaygroundsthatarefunforallkids.Theplaygroundshavetheusualswingsthatyouwouldfindinmostplaces.TheyalsohaveswingslikeTheDreamer.Insteadofsandboxesontheground,theyhavesandtablesthatchildreninwheelchairscanuse.Matthewhelpsthegroupraisemoneysotheycanbuildmoreplaygrounds.TheybuiltaspecialonecalledFriendshipPlace.ItwasbuiltatMatthew’sschool. ForhisworkhelpingotherchildrenMatthewhasbeengivenmanyawards.Heevenhadhispictureonacerealbox.Hefeelsproudthatwhathedoeshelpsallchildrenplaytogetherandmakeseveryonehappy.


Benchmark 3


Luke Makes His Move

Aftermovingtoanewneighborhood,Lukewantedtomakesomenewfriends.Inhisoldneighborhood,allofhisfriendshadplayedstreethockey.Lukehopedtofindsomeonetoplaystreethockey. Luke’sstepdadhadanidea.Hesaidtheyshouldexploretheneighborhoodandseeiftheycouldfindagameofstreethockey.Lukethoughtitwasagreatidea.Heandhisstepdadwentoutsideandwalkedaround.Afterashortwhile,theyturnedthecornerandfoundchildrenplayinghockey.Itwasjustlikehisoldhome. Lukestoodonthesideandwatchedtheothersplay.Hecheeredforbothteamswhenevertheymadeagoaloradifficultplay.Whenoneoftheplayershadtogohome,heaskedLuketoplay.Lukeranhometogethisskatesandstick. Lukeplayedgoalie,hisfavoriteposition.Heplayedhisverybest.Heonlylettheotherteamscoreonegoal.Onetimetheotherteamwasabouttoscoreandtherewasnoonebuthimtodefendthegoal.TheotherteamcametowardLuke,fasterandfaster.Hewatchedcarefullytoseewheretheyweregoingtogo.Heleapedatthelastsecondandstoppedthemfromscoring.Hiswholeteamcheered. Afterthegame,theyallwentdowntothecornerstoreandgotasnack.Everyonetalkedaboutthegame.Theydecidedtoplayagainthenextday.Lukewasgladhehadmadenewfriends.


Benchmark 3


My Pen Pal

Ihaveapenpalwholivesinafarawayplace.Helivesallthewayacrosstheoceaninadifferentcountry.Hetellsmeaboutwhatitisliketoliveinhiscountry.Itellhimaboutwhatitisliketoliveinmine.IliveinIndia.Inmanyways,ourlivesareverysimilar.Webothgotoschoolandbothenjoylisteningtomusic.Therearealsowaysinwhichourlivesaredifferent. MypenpalandIusuallywritetoeachotheratleastonceamonth,butIwaitedlongertowritehimaletterthismonth.Iwaswaitingformyloosetoothtofallout.Iwiggledmytoothalot.Itdidn’twanttocomeout.Itrieddifferenttricks,buttheydidnotwork.Atlast,whileIwaseatingsomethingsticky,thetoothcameout. ThenItossedmytoothupontheroof.Iaskedasparrowtotakethetoothandgivemeanewone.Thiswasacustominmycountry.WhenanewtoothbegantogrowIthankedthesparrow. Iwrotealonglettertomypenpalaboutlosingmytooth.Hewrotebackandtoldmeabouthistraditionwhenhelosesatooth.Hesaidheputsthetoothunderhispillow.Duringthenightsomeonetakesthetoothaway.Whatastrangecustom!Ilikelearningaboutdifferentcountries.


Benchmark 3


Life on the River

Ilivebyabigriver.Theriverisveryimportanttomyfamily.MynameisLing,andIliveinavillageinAsia.Therearethirtyhousesinmyvillage.Weusethewatertowashourselvesandourclothes.Wealsousethewaterforourplantssincealotofourfoodcomesfromcropswegrow.Therivergivesuswaterfordrinking,too.Ourboatstravelupanddowntheriver,takingusfromvillagetovillage.Wealsoplayintheriver! Youmaywonderwhatlifeislikeforme.Iwakeuptoaroosterinsteadofanalarmclock.Ourroosterwakesusatfourinthemorning,andweimmediatelygetbusy.Ihelppreparebreakfastfortherestofthefamily.Afterweeat,wefeedtheanimals.Sometimesthereiscorntogrind.WhenIfinishthesechores,IgointothefieldtohelpwhereIcan.Theyoungerkidsstayhomewithourgrandparents. Inourvillage,childrenareexpectedtohelpthefamily.Thereisalwaysworktodo.OndayswhenIamnothelpinginthefield,Ibabysitorcleanthehouse.Intheevening,Ihelpgatherfirewoodtocookourdinner.Afterdinner,wesitwithourgrandparents.Theytellusstoriesabouthowthingscametobe.Myfavoritestoryishowtherivergotitscolor.IhopeonedayIcansharethestorywithyou.


Benchmark 3


A Day for Trees

Pictureyourselfwalkingthroughthewoods.Raysofsunstreaminthroughthetrees,butmostlyitisshady.Youwelcomethecoolnessoftheshade.Theleavescrunchunderyourfeet,andanimalsscurryabout. Nowthinkaboutwhatthisscenewouldbelikewithoutanytrees.Isithardtoimagine?Treesareveryimportant.Theygiveusshade.Treesarehometomanyanimals.Treeshelpkeepourairclean,too. Treesaresoimportantthattheyhavetheirownspecialday.ItiscalledArborDay.Onthisday,peopleplanttrees.Somepeoplechoosetoplantatinyseedinthesoil.Theygivetheseedwaterandwatchitgrow.Otherpeoplechoosetoplantasmalltreethathasalreadystartedtogrow.Theydigasmallholeandcarefullyputtherootsintothesoil.Theycoveruptherootsandgivethetreewater. YoumaywonderwhenArborDayhappens.Thatdependsonwhereyoulive.Manystateshavethisspecialdayinthespring.Thatisthebesttimetoplanttreesinthosestates.Somestateshavebettertimesforplantingtrees.Ifyoulivewheretheweatherisalwayswarm,yourspecialtreedaymaybeinthefalloreveninthewinter.Nomatterwhenyourstatehasitsspecialtreeday,makesureyouplantatree.


Benchmark 3


Making Orange Juice

Whatisthebestpartabouteatinganorange?Therearemanythingstochoosefrom.Youreyemaynoticethefruit’sbrightorangeskin.Justthesightofanorangemaybeenoughtomakeyourmouthwater!Whenyoupeelofftheroughskin,thesweetsmellticklesyournose.Whenyoubiteintothefruit,thejuicewakesupyourtastebuds. Thereisanotherwaytoenjoythetasteofanorange.Youcanmakeorangejuice.Makingorangejuiceiseasyandfun,andyouonlyneedafewthings.Youneedsixoranges,andanadulttohelpcutthem.Youwillalsoneedapitcherandsomecups. First,squeezetheorangestogetthemsoft.Thenwashtheoranges.Havetheadulthelpyoucuttheorangesinhalfsafely.Takeouttheseedsfromeachhalf.Nowyouarereadytosqueezeoutthejuice.Griphalfanorangeandsqueezethejuiceintoapitcher.Turntheorangeandsqueezeagain.Keepsqueezinguntilnomorejuicecomesout.Repeatwitheachorangehalf. Youhavesomechoiceswhenyoumakeorangejuice.Ifyoulike,youcanscrapetheorangewithaspoonandaddthefruittothejuice.Orifyoudonotlikepulp,placeastraineroverthepitcher.Thiswillcatchalltheorangebits,andonlyjuicewillfallintothepitcher.Ifyouwantcoldorangejuice,addicetothepitcher. Nowyouarereadytopourtheorangejuiceintoacup.Youmaywanttosharewithafriend.Drinkthejuiceandenjoy!


Benchmark 3


Kim Gets Ready

Whatisyourhouselikeinthemorning?Inmyfamily,themorningisabusytime.Wechildrengetreadyforschoolwhilemydadandunclegetreadyfortheirjobs.Theyarefishermen.MynameisKim,andIliveinacountrycalledVietnam. Inthemorning,myfamilyeatsbreakfasttogether.Wedonotuseplatesorforks.Instead,ourtableissetwithdeepbowlsandchopsticks.Forbreakfast,wemayeatsouporricewithmeatorfish.Weoftenhavefruit,too. Afterbreakfast,weputonourschooluniforms.ThenmysisterandIrideourbikestoourschool.Myoldersisterandbrotherwalktotheirschool.Becausetheyareolder,theygotoadifferentschool. WhereIlive,childrengotoschoolsixdaysaweek.WedonotgotoschoolonSundays.Inmyclassroom,Isitwithoneotherchildatadesk.Thereare30childreninmyclass.Wehavelessonsinmathandlanguage.Wealsolearnaboutscienceandhistory.Eachday,wetakeabreakfromourlessonsanddogymnastics.Schoolteachesustobeactive. Studentsinmyschoolalsolearntoberesponsible.Wetaketurnscleaning.Whenitismyturn,Igettoschoolearly.Imaysweepthefloororemptythetrashcans.


Benchmark 3


Dear Diary

DearDiary, TodayisMonday.We’replayingbasketballingymclasstomorrow.Itissuretobetheworstdayofmylife!Todaywelearnedthegame’srules,andtomorrowweplay.I’mhopingIwon’thavetoplay.MaybeIwillgetsick.Ididcoughearliertoday. ItriedtotelltheteacherthatI’mgoodattapdancing,notbasketball,butshewouldn’tlisten.Shetoldmetotrymybest.

DearDiary, TodayisTuesday.Believeitornot,todaywasoneofmybetterdays.WhenIwokethismorning,IaskedDadtotakemetothedentist,thedoctor,oranyoneaslongasitwasduringPEclass.Dadwouldnotagree,andinstead,hegavemebasketballtips.Itriedtolisten,butthesoundofmypoundingheartfilledmyhead. AlldayIsuffered,waitingforgymclass.Eachminutefeltlikeanhour.Finally,welinedupandwalkedtothegym. SoonIwasholdingabasketball,bouncingitupanddown.Whenwetookourpracticeshots,theteachershowedmehowtoshoottheball.ThefirsttimeItried,theballwentinthebasket!IstartedtobelievethatmaybeIcouldplaybasketball. Oncethegamestarted,timepassedquickly.IwassurprisedwhenIheardthelongwhistlemeaningthatthegamewasover.WhenIshookhandswiththeplayers,someofthemsaid,“Goodgame!”Theteacherlookedatmeandwinked.Youneverknowhowyoufeelaboutsomethingnewuntilyoutry!


Benchmark 3


Circus Tickets

Thesignsaid,“Getafreetickettothecircus.”Jakeshowedthesigntohisbrother,Adam.Thelibrarywantedtoencouragechildrentokeepreadinginthesummer.Anystudentwhoreadfivebookswouldbegivenafreetickettothecircus.Theboyshadneverbeentothecircus.Itwassomethingtheyhadalwayswantedtodo.Theyshowedthesigntotheirmother.Sheagreedtotakethemtothelibrarytogetbookstoread. Thebrotherswenttotheirlocallibraryforthefirsttime.Withhelpfromtheirmother,theygotlibrarycards.Thentheybeganlookingforbooks.Jakedidnotknowwhattoread.Hesearchedtheshelvesandfoundabiographyaboutaswimmer.Jakelovedtoswim.Heglancedthroughthebookandthoughtitwassomethinghewouldenjoyreading.Adamwasnotsurewhattoreadeither,buthefoundamysterythathethoughtwouldbegoodtoread. Backathome,theboyssatonthecouchandstartedreading.Itwasquietintheroom.TheythoughttheywouldbeboredwithoutTV,buttheywerewrong.Theyreadforanhouruntiltheirmothercalledthemtodinner. JakeandAdamquicklyfinishedtheirbooks.Theywentbacktothelibraryformore.Intwoweeks,theyhadreadfivebooksandearnedtheircircustickets.Whenthecircuscametotown,theyproudlypresentedtheirticketsattheticketbooth.Onthewayin,aclowngavethemahighfive.Itwasgoingtobeagreatshow!


Benchmark 3


Bats Are Not Birds

Whathaswingsandcanfly?Ifyousaidabird,youarecorrect,butanothercorrectanswerisabat.Batsandbirdsarebothanimalsthathavewingsandcanfly.Whiletheyhavesomethingsincommon,theyarealsodifferentinmanyways. Birdshavefeathersandlayeggsinanest.Thebabybirdshatchfromtheeggs.Batsdonothavefeathersanddonotlayeggs.Theyaremammals.Likeothermammals,batshavefurontheirbodies.Thebabybatsdrinkmilkfromtheirmothers.Theydonotliveinanest,butincavesandtrees. Ifyouweretolookatthebonesofabatandabird,youwouldnoticedifferences.Abat’sboneslooklikethebonesinyourownarmandhand.Theboneslooklikelongfingers.Insteadoffeathers,athinskincoversthebones.Abird’sbonesareshorter.Theyarecoveredandsupportedbyfeathers. Youcanseeanotherdifferencebetweenbatsandbirdswhenyoulookattheirmouths.Mostbatshaveteethtochewinsectsorfruit.Birdshavebills.Theirbillshavedifferentshapesdependingonwhattheyeat. Afinaldifferenceiswhenyouseetheanimalflying.Doyouseesomethingflyingatnight?Itmaybeabat.Theyflyatnightusingechoesinsteadofsight.Birdsusuallyflyduringtheday.Somehaveaverykeensenseofsight. Thenexttimeyouseesomethingflying,askyourself,“Isthisabatorabird?”Remember,theyarenotthesame!


Benchmark 3


Cooking School

Cheeseandcrackersmakeagreatsnack,butnotifyoueatthemeveryday.WhenJakecamehomefromschool,heatecheeseandcrackers.Oneday,hetoldhisgrandmotherNanahewastiredofthesamesnack.Heaskedhertoteachhimhowtomakeadifferentsnack.WhenasmilespreadacrossNana’sface,Jakewonderedwhatshewasthinking. NanatoldJaketowashhishands.Thenshetoldhimtogetpeanutbutterwhileshegotnon-fatdrymilkandhoney.Theymixedthethreefoodstogether.ThenNanatoldJakesomethingsurprising.Shetoldhimtoplaywithhisfood!Jakemoldedthedoughintoadinosaurandthenintoaflower.Thenheatethedough!“Thatwasfun!”Jakesaid. Thenextday,JaketoldhisfriendsaboutNana’scookinglesson.TheyallwantedtohavealessonfromNana,too.JaketalkedtoNanaabouthisfriends’requests,andtheydecidedtohaveacookingschool. JakeandhisfriendsgatheredinthekitchenonSaturday.Nanahadanapronforeachchild.Shehadfourstationssetup.Ateachstation,thekidslearnedhowtomakeahealthyanddelicioussnack.Thechildrenhadsomuchfun,theyaskedNanatohavecookingschoolonceamonth.Nanawashappytoagree.NomorecheeseandcrackersforJake!


Benchmark 3


Writing Your Own Book

Childrenenjoyreadingbooks,butveryfewhavewrittenone.Itisnothardtodo.Allyouneedissomepaperandcoloredpencilsormarkersandagoodidea.Youcancreateyourownbook. Youmayalreadyhaveagreatideaforyourbook.Ifnot,youcanwriteabookthattellssomethingaboutyourself.Youcanwritehowoldyouare,whatcoloryourhairandeyesare,andhowtallyouare.Youcanpasteapictureofyourselftothepage.Ifyoudon’thaveapicture,drawone.Next,writeaboutyourschool.Writedownyourgrade,teacher’sname,andwhatyouarelearning.Drawapictureofyourteacherorofyourfavoriteschoolsubject.Onthenextpage,youcanwriteaboutyourfriends.Or,youcanwriteaboutthingsyouliketodoathome.Youcanalsowriteaboutyourfavoritefood,movie,orbook. Thesearejustsomeideasofwhattoincludeinyourbook.Therearemanymorethingsyoucanwriteabout.Thinkaboutastoryyouwouldliketotell.Tellaboutthingsthatinterestyou.Youmightgetotherideasfromlookinginbooks.Whenyouaredonewithyourbook,staplethepagestogether.Youcouldalsopunchholesinthepagesandtiethemtogetherwithyarn.Asyoucansee,makingabookisfunandeasy.


Benchmark 3


In Space for an Hour

IwenttoamoviewhereIfeltlikeIwasreallyinspace.Ihadalwayswonderedwhatitwouldfeelliketotravelinarocket.Aftermyexperience,Icanimagineitevenbetter. Wewereonvacationvisitingmymother’ssisterinabigcity.Wedon’tgettogotothecityveryoften,somyauntsaidshewouldtakeustoallthespecialthingsthatwedon’thaveathome.Iwassurprisedwhenmyauntsaidweweregoingtoamovie.Itoldherthatwehadmoviesathome.Myauntjustsmiled.Shesaidthiswasaspecialtypeofmovie. Thetheaterlookedlikeanyotheruntilwewentinside.Thescreenwasenormous.IthadtobethebiggestscreenI’deverseen.Itwentfromthefloortotheceiling,anditcurved.Istaredinastonishment.“Whatisthisgoingtobelike?”Iwondered. Thenthelightswentout.Suddenlywefeltlikewewereinsideaspaceshuttle.Weheardthecountdown.Weheardtheroaroftherockets.Whentheycalled,“Blastoff!”itfeltlikewehadreallyblastedoff.Itlookedandsoundedsoreal.ForonehourIfeltIwasonaspacemission.Wewentallthewaytothemoonandback.ItwasatripI’llalwaysremember.


Benchmark 3


Wind Power

Thewindisasourceofpower.Ithelpskitestofly,andboatstosail.Insomeplaces,windpowerisusedtomakeelectricity.Peopleareworkingtofindwaystohelpusgetmorepowerfromthewind. Therearemanyreasonswhyturningwindintopowercanbeagoodidea.Wewillneverrunoutofwind.Itwillalwaysblow.Mostotherwaystomakepoweruseresourcesthatcouldrunout.Coalandnaturalgasaretwocommonexamples.Onedaywemightrunoutofthem.Wecancountonthewindbecauseitwillalwaysblow. Windmillsarewhathelpusturnwindintoelectricity.Whenthewindblows,itturnsthebladesonthemill.Thisspinningmakesasmallamountofelectricity.Whenyouputalotofwindmillstogether,youcanmakeenoughpowerforalotofpeople. Awindfarmisaplacewithalotofwindmills.Youcanfindwindfarmsinplacesthatareverywindy.Thewindmillsareverytall,andtheirbladesareverylong.Somehavebladesthatareaslongasafootballfield. Thereareafewproblemswithwindpower.Somedaysthereisnotmuchwind,andyoumayflipalightswitchandhavenolight.Also,windpowercostsmorethanotherkindsofpower.Peopleareworkingtofixtheseproblems.Oneday,whenyouturnonyourbedroomlight,yourlampmaylightupduetopowerfromthewind.


Benchmark 3


Going to School

Howdoyougettoschool?Doyourideaschoolbusortravelbycar?Doyourideabikeorwalk?Doyouthinkabouthowchildrenaroundtheworldgettoschool?Somechildrenarriveatschooljustlikeyoudo.Othershaveaverydifferentjourney. LikeAmericanchildren,manystudentsaroundtheworldwalktoschool.However,itmaytakethemanhourormoretogetthere.Thentheymakethesamewalkhomewhenschoolisover. Doyouknowanyonewhotravelstoschoolinaboat?Somechildrenliveinfishingvillages.Theirschoolisalargehouseboatinthemiddleofariverorotherwaterway. Therearefamiliesaroundtheworldwhotravelfromplacetoplacefollowingcattletheyown.Manyofthesepeopleusecamelstomovefromplacetoplace.Formanyofthesechildren,theirschoolandtheirteachertravelwiththem.Thechildrenlearnwhiletheytravel. Somechildrenliveonmountains.Theremaynotbeaschoolnearby.Thesechildrendonottraveltoschoolatall.Instead,schoolcomestothemonaradio.Theydonothearmusicovertheairwaves.Theyhearlessonsinmathandotherschoolsubjects. Thenexttimeyoutraveltoschool,thinkaboutotherchildrenaroundtheworld.Whatwoulditbeliketogotoschoolinadifferentway?


Benchmark 3


A Happy House Plant

Doyouhaveplantsinyourhome?Therearemanyreasonswhyyoushould.Plantsimprovetheairinyourhome.Theyalsomakeyourhomelookmoreinviting.Inaddition,manypeopleenjoytakingcareofplantsintheirhome.Itcanbeagreatwaytorelax! Ifyouhavedecidedtoputaplantinyourhome,thefirstthingtodoisdecidewhatkindofplanttobuy.Ifyougotoaplantstore,youwillfindmanydifferentkindsofplantstochoosefrom.Manypeoplechooseaspiderplant. Youcanprobablyguesswhataspiderplantlookslike.Theplantsoftengrowinhangingbaskets.Theyhavegreenstalksthatgrowquitelong,pastthebottomofthecontainer.Eventually,smallplantswillbegintogrowattheendsofthestalks.Thesmallplantslooklikespiders.Ifyoucutoffthesmallplantsandplacetheminfertilesoil,theywillgrowintonewspiderplants. Spiderplantsareeasytocarefor.Theyneedtobeplantedinarichsoil.Makesurethecontainerhassmallholesinthebottom.Whenyouwatertheplant,theholeslettheextrawaterdrainout.Spiderplantsdonotliketositandgrowinwetsoil!Thesoilshouldfeeldrybeforeyougivetheplantmorewater.Aspiderplantgrowswellinalmostanykindoflight.Keepitinawarmplace,too.Ifyoufollowthesetips,youwilllikelyhaveawonderfulhouseplanttoenjoyforalongtime.


Benchmark 3


A Gift of Chores

Foraweek,WillandMaxhadbeentalkingabouthowtocelebrateMom’sbirthday.Thebrothershadmanygrandideas,suchasbuyingMomaringorsendingheronatrip.However,therewasoneproblem.Theboysdidnothaveanymoney.WhatcouldtheypossiblygiveMomthatdidnotcostalot? Finally,atdinner,WillandMaxhadanidea.Ithappenedjustafterthefamilyfinishedeating.Theboysclearedthetableastheyalwaysdo.Mombeganwashingthedishes.Asshedid,sheletoutahugesighandsaidshewishedthedisheswouldwashthemselves.WillandMaxlookedateachother.Theybothhadthesamegreatidea!TheywouldmakeachorecouponbookforMom. First,thebrothersmadealistofchoressuchaswashingthedogandtakingoutthetrash.Thentheybeganmakingcouponsfromcoloredpaper.Theycutpiecesofpaperinthesizeofdollarbills.Eachboymadefivecouponsforchoresandacoverforthebook.Thentheystapledthemalltogetherandwrappedthebook. Thenextmorning,theboysgaveMomherpresent.Sheopeneditandreadthecover.Sheflippedthroughthecoupons.Sheexclaimed,“Thisisthebestpresentanyonehasevergivenme!”Theboysfelthappyandproud.


Benchmark 3


Canoe Fun

Thesummersunwasshiningandtherewerenocloudsinthesky.Itwasaperfectdaytotryoutournewcanoeatthelake.Weputthecanoeinthewaterclosetotheshoreandputonourlifejackets.Thenwegrabbedthepaddlesandgotintothecanoe. Ihadneverbeeninacanoe,andIhadalottolearnabouthowtopaddleone.Themostdifficultpartwaspaddlinginastraightline.Myseatwasinthemiddleofthecanoe.IpaddleduntilIgottired.ThenMomandDadletmerest. Asthecanoeskimmedalongthewater,therewasalottosee.Icountedleavesthatwerefloatinginthewater.Isawaturtlesunninghimselfonarock.Wealllaughedwhenafishjumpedoutofthewaterdirectlyinfrontofthecanoe.“Look!”saidDadsuddenly.Wefollowedhispointingfingerandsawagoldeneaglesittinginthetopofatalltree. Wewereallsobusypaddlingandenjoyingthesightsthatwedidn’tnoticethecloudsforming.“Lookslikeitmightrain,”saidDad.“Webetterheadbacktoshore.”Weturnedaroundandpaddledhard.Onthewayback,Ididn’ttakearest,eventhoughIwastired. Wereachedtheshoreandgotoutofthecanoe.Assoonaswegotinthecar,thefirstraindropsstartedtofall.Weallcheered.Wehadmadeitbackjustintime.


Benchmark 3


African Drums

Whenyoulistentoasong,whatdoyouhear?Manypeopleenjoythebeatofthedrum.InAfrica,drumsareimportant.Theyareusedinmusic,buttheyarealsousedtotalktopeople. TherearemanydifferenttypesofAfricandrums.Theycomeinallshapesandsizesandeachonemakesaspecialsound.SomeAfricandrumshaveananimalskinstretchedacrossawoodbase.Peoplehittheskinwiththeirhandorwithasticktomakesound.OtherAfricandrumsarelogswithslitscarvedinthem.Peoplehittheslitsorscrapeastickoverthemtomakesound.AthirdtypeofAfricandrumislikearattle.Peopleshakeittomakesound. InsomepartsofAfrica,peopleusetalkingdrums.Thesedrumsdonotreallytalk,buttheirbeatsgiveamessage.Onedrumbeatisusedwhenababyisborn.Peoplehearthedrumbeatandknowthatanewbabyhascomeintotheworld.Otherdrumbeatssaythatsomeoneisvisitingorthattwopeoplehavegottenmarried.Manypeoplemightdrumtherhythmsatthesametime. Africandrumsarealsousedtocelebratespecialevents.Dancersoftendoacertaindanceforeachevent.Thedancersmaywearrattlesontheirwristsandankles.Astheydance,therattlesmakenoisesthataddtothesoundofthedrumbeat. WhileyoumayenjoythesoundofAfricandrums,theirbeatsalsomeanmanythings.


Benchmark 3


Flower Parts

Manypeopleenjoyflowersinoutdoorgardensandinvasesintheirhomes.Flowerscomeinallcolorsandsizes,andmanyflowerssmellpleasant.Peoplebuyrosesfortheirsweetsmellandbeautifulcolor.Arosemayberedandsmallenoughtoholdinyourhand.Asunflowermaybeyellowandtoweroveryourhead.Onekindofflowersmellssobad,manypeopleholdtheirnosewhentheywalkby! Flowersarenotjustforustoenjoy.Theyhaveajobtodo.Flowersmakeseedsfortheplant.Whentheseedsarereleased,theygrowintonewplants. Whiletherearemanydifferentkindsofflowers,theyallhavesomepartsincommon.Mostflowershavepetals.Petalsarethecolorfulpartsweadmire.Petalsattractinsectstotheflower.Insectsfollowthepetalstogetnectar.Nectarisarichfoodfortheinsects.Thenectarisatthebottomofthepetals. Whenaninsectlandsonthepetalstogetnectar,italsotouchesthestamens.Theseflowerpartsstickupinsidetheflower.Theirtipsareusuallyyellowandhavepollenonthem.Astheinsectgetsnectar,pollenstickstoitsbody.Whentheinsectgoestoanotherflowerformorenectar,ittakesthepollenwithit. Attheotherflower,theinsectwilllandonthepetals.Someofthepollenitcarrieswillcomeoffontheotherflower.Nowthisflowerwillbegintomakeseeds.Theseedswillonedaygrowmoreplantsthatwillmakemoreflowers.Throughthisprocess,flowerswillcontinuetogrowandbloom.

Benchmark 3




Progress Monitoring

Roland H. Good III

Ruth A. Kaminski

with:




®


Benchmark 3


A New Ball Game

Onthefirstdayofschool,Roy’steacheraskedhimtowritealetterabouthimself.RoywasgladtohavethechancetotalkabouthislifeinAfrica.RoyhadbeenbornintheUnitedStates,buthisfamilyhadlivedinasmalltowninAfricaforthreeyears.NowhisfamilyhadmovedbacktotheUnitedStates. Roy’sstepmomwasadoctor.Sheworkedinaclinic,whereshetreatedsickpeopleandgaveimmunizations.HisdadtaughtmusicattheschoolRoyandhisbrotherattended.Royandhisfriendsplayedsportstogetherandpracticedplayingtheinstrumentshisdadtaughtthem.Footballwashisfavoritesportandtherealwaysseemedtobeagamegoingafterschool. Inhisletter,Roywroteabouthislifeandthathemissedplayingfootballthemost.HehadseenAmericanfootballanditwasaverydifferentgame.Itwashardtofigureoutwhytheywerechasingeachotherandwhentocheer. Hehandedthelettertohisteacherthenextmorning.Thatafternoonashewasleaving,histeachercalledhimover.Anotherboywasstandingnexttoher.“Roy,thisisSpencer,”histeachersaid.“He’sgoingtointroduceyoutothesoccerteam.Ithinkyou’llenjoyit.” SpencersmiledatRoyandledhimoutsidetothefield,whereagroupofkidswereplaying.“TheteachersaidyoucallthisfootballinAfrica,buthereit’scalledsoccer,”saidSpencer.Roylookedaround.ThekidswereplayingthesamegamehehadplayedbackinAfrica!Hecouldn’twaittojointhem.


Benchmark 3


Swimming the Channel

Inthesportofswimming,peoplehavesetmanytypesofrecords.Somerecordsareforspeedordistance.Otherrecordsareforswimmingacrossdifficultwaters.TheEnglishChannelswimisoneofthese.Manypeoplehavedreamedaboutswimmingacrossthisstretchofwater,butveryfewhavedoneit.LynneCoxisoneofthefew. TheEnglishChannelisbetweentheFrenchandEnglishcoasts.Atitsshortestpoint,thedistanceacrossitistwenty-twomiles,butthewaterissocoldandthecurrentssostrongthatonlytenpercentofthosewhohavetriedtheswimhavemadeitacross.ThefirstswimmertodosowasamannamedMatthewWebb.Hemadetheswimin1875,andittookhimmorethantwentyhours. LynneCoxfirstswamacrosstheChannelin1972.ShehadstartedswimmingattheageofthreeinMaine,butitwasn’tuntilherfamilymovedtoCaliforniathatLynnediscoveredherloveofswimminginopenwater.ItwasthenthatLynneknewshewantedtoswimtheChannel.Atagefifteen,Lynnewastheyoungestpersonevertoattempttheswim.Shemadeitacrossinlessthantenhours,whichatthattimewasfasterthananyothermanorwomanhadeverdoneit.Thisfirstswimcoveredastretchoftwenty-sevenmiles.Thenextyear,Lynnereturnedandbrokeherownrecord.Sheswamathirty-threemilestretchoftheChannelinninehoursandthirty-sixminutes.


Benchmark 3


Rooftop Gardens

Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouheartheword“garden”?Maybeyouhaveplantedagardenathome.Manyschoolsalsohavegardensthatstudentscanworkin.Mostpeoplethinkaboutgardensbeingplantedintheground,buttherearemanyotherplacestoplantgardens.Onegoodplaceforagardenisontheroof! Arooftopgarden,ora“greenroof,”canbeplantedontopofasmallhouseoronagiantskyscraper.Almostanytypeofroofcanhavesometypeofgardenorgreenspace.Evensteeproofscanhaveapatchofgrassforwildflowers. Youmightask,“Whyputagardenontheroof?”Roofgardensdomorethanaddspotsofbeautytoourrooftops.Theyareagoodwaytohelptheenvironmentinareasthatarecoveredwithconcretesidewalksandpavedstreets. Greenroofsalsoprovideinsulation.Theykeepbuildingscoolerinthesummerandwarmerinthewinter.Thissavesenergyandreducestheamountoffuelweuse.Rooftopgardensalsohelpstoppollution.Thegardenssoakuprainwaterthatwouldotherwiserunoffontodirtystreetsandroads.Lessdirtywaterisabletopolluteourriversandstreams. Anothergreatthingaboutrooftopgardensisthattheyofferanaturalplaceforbirdstonestandlive.Birdsthatnormallywouldnotbeabletofindfoodorasafeplacetonestincitiescanlivehappilyinrooftopgardens. Asyoucansee,rooftopgardenscanbeagoodadditiontoanybuilding.So,thenexttimeyouthinkaboutagarden,don’tjustlookdownattheground.Lookupattherooftops!


Benchmark 3


Learning to Skateboard

Thelastboxwasfinallyunpackedatthenewhouse.Zachhadbeenexcitedaboutmovingtothecityandaboutmakingnewfriends.Heknewhehadseveralweekstoexploretheneighborhoodbeforeschoolstarted,andherealizedthatwasplentyoftimetolearnhiswayaround.Heaskedhismomifhecouldwalktothenearbypark. Fromtheroad,theparklookedlikeagiantgreenexpanse.Now,hesawthatitwasdividedintodifferentsections.Thefirstthingthatcaughthiseyewastheskatepark.Hesprintedtothegateandstoodlookinginattherampsandrails.Hehadaskateboardbuthadneverlearnedtorideit.Theroadsnearhisoldhousehadbeentoorocky. Justthen,twoboyszoomeduponskateboardsandsaidhello.Theyaskedhimifheskateboarded.Hetoldthemthathehadaboardbuthadneverhadaplacetolearn.“Well,nowyoudo,”theysaid,andtheyofferedtoteachhim.TheirnameswereMattandPablo,andtheywenttothesameschoolhewasgoingtoattend.Zachhappilyagreedtomeetthemforalesson. Thefollowingafternoon,Zachwenttofindtheboys.Afterputtingonhelmetsandpads,Mattshowedhimhowtostandontheboardabovetheaxle.Pablohelpedhimpracticepushingoff,whichisthemovementneededtogettheboardrolling.Theyalsoexplainedcarvingandstopping.Zachpracticedandalsowatchedtheotherguysperformsomeadvancedmovestheyhadmastered.Afterthankinghisnewfriends,hepromisedtocomebackeveryday.Bythetimeschoolstarted,hehadlearnedtoskateboardandhadmadetwogoodfriends.


Benchmark 3


Glassmaking

Themorningsuncameinthewindow,sendingarainbowofcolordancingaroundtheroom.JaydensatinGran’skitchengazingattheglassvasesthatsatonshelvesinfrontofthewindow.Hergrandmotherhadcollectedthemfromallovertheworld.Jaydenlovedthateachpiecewasdifferent.Eachtimeshevisited,shesawsomenewdetailthatshehadmissedbefore. Jaydenaskedhergrandmotherhowtheglasswasmade.Granstartedexplaining,butthenshestopped.“Iknow,”shesaid.“Let’svisitmyfriendMary’sstudioandyoucanseeforyourself.” Attheglassstudio,Maryshowedthemhowglasswasblown.Sheexplainedthatsandandotheringredientsaremixedtogetherandputintoaveryhotfurnacetoformmoltenglass.TheywatchedasMarydippedthetipofherblowpipeintothefurnaceandscoopedsomeglassontotheend.Carefully,sherolledthehotglassbackandforthonasteeltable,forminganeatball.Thensheblewintothepipetoformanairbubbleinsidetheglass.Shesaidthatastheglasscooled,ithadtobereheatedtokeepitsoftenoughtoworkwith.JaydenwatchedcloselyasMaryplacedthepipebackintothefurnace. Whiletheglassheated,Marysprinkledsomeblueandgreencoloredbitsacrossthetable.Then,sherolledthereheatedpieceacrossthebits.Onceagain,shereturnedittothefurnace.Thistime,whensheremovedit,themeltedcolorswirledinside.Jaydenthoughtitwasverybeautiful.Finally,Maryshapedtheformwithwoodenblocksandothertoolsbeforeplacingitinacoolingoven. Jaydenhadlearnedsomuch.ShethoughtaboutGran’scollection.Itwasnowmorespecialthanever.


Benchmark 3


Space Camp

Itwasthesummerafterthirdgrade,andKelseywasexcited.Eversinceshewaslittle,Kelseywantedtobeanastronaut.Thissummer,shewasoldenoughtogotospacecamp.Forsixdaysshewouldgettoexperiencethelifeofanastronaut. Kelseywouldbestayingatthespacecenterwiththeothercampers,soherfatherdroppedherofftheeveningbeforecampbegan.Shewassoexcitedforthenextdaythatshehadahardtimesleeping.Thenextmorningwouldbeginherspaceadventure. Thefirstthingthecampersdidthatmorningwasputonspacesuits.Thentheywentintoamachinethatwaslikeapretendrocketlaunch.Themachinewascalledasimulator.Thecampersspentthemorningpracticingrocketlaunchesandlandingsinthesimulator.Itfeltliketheywereonarealrocket. Afterlunch,itwastimetodivideintogroups.Kelseychosethespaceandaviationgroupbecauseshewantedtobeapilot.Shejoinedothercamperswhowereinterestedinlearninghowtofly.Thecamperslearnedabouttheprinciplesofflight,andtheyevenspenttimeinajetsimulator. KelseyspenttherestofthedaysatcampvisitingthespacemuseumandclimbingtherockwallthatresembledMars’surface.Allofthecampershadachancetobuildtheirownrockets.Attheendofthesixdays,thecamperslaunchedtheirmodelrocketsoutdoors.Kelseyfeltproudasherrocketsoaredhighinthesky.Asshewatchedherrocket,shethoughtaboutherweekatcamp.Spacecampwassomuchfun,shecouldn’twaittoseehowmuchfunshewouldhaveasarealastronaut.


Benchmark 3


A Woodland Path

Thesunwasup,anditwasgoingtobeanotherprettyday.Carriewasreadyfortheday’shike.Sheandherfamilyhadrecentlymovedtoasmallranch.Theirlandwasrightnexttoanaturepreserve.Everyday,CarrieandherteenagebrotherJacksonexploredanewpartofthepreserve. Duringthesummer,CarrieandJacksonhadthewholedaytoexplore.Mommadethemalunch.Thentheyheadedoutwiththeircellphones,whichtheyusedtokeepintouchwiththeirparents.Theycarriedbackpacksthatheldtheirlunchesandnotebooks.CarrieandJacksonlikedtomakedrawingsandwriteaboutthingstheysaw. Carrieandherbrotherhadalreadyhikedmanyofthetrailsinthepreserveandwerehopingtofindanew,specialplace.Afterwalkingalittlewayupthemainpath,theystoppedtodiscusswhichwaytogo.ItwasthenthatCarriesawasmall,overgrownpathleadingofftotheright.Shewonderedhowtheyhadmisseditontheirearlierhikes.Theywerebothexcitedatthechancetofindanewpartofthepreserve.Thepathwasverynarrowandbushy,buttheyweredeterminedtofollowittoitsend.Finally,afterhikingforoveranhour,theycameuponaclearing.Intheclearingwasthemostbeautifulwaterfalltheyhadeverseen.CarrieandJacksonknewthattheyhadfoundaspecialplace. Carrieandherbrothersatdownbytheedgeofthewaterandtookofftheirshoes.Astheyatetheirlunch,theydangledtheirfeetinthewater.Theywerealreadymakingplanstoshowthisspecialplacetotheirparents.


Benchmark 3


How Ryan Made a Difference

OnedayaboynamedRyanaskedhisparentsforseventydollars.HisteacherhadexplainedthatseventydollarswassufficienttobuildawellinapoorAfricancountry.ManychildreninAfricaweregettingsickbecausetheylackedcleanwatertodrink.AlthoughRyanwasonlyinfirstgrade,hewasdeterminedtohelpthem. Ryan’sparentsagreedtolethimdoextrachorestoearnthemoney.Theywouldpayhimonedollarperhour.Hewashedwindows,pickedupyarddebris,anddidotherchores.Inthreemonths,Ryanhadearnedtheseventydollars. WhenRyangavethemoneytothepeoplewhobuildthewells,theyweregrateful.Theyexplainedthatthemoneywouldbuyapumptopullwaterfromundertheground.However,itwouldtakealotmoremoneytodrillthewellbeforethepumpcouldbeused.Drillingthewellwouldcosttwothousanddollars!Ryandecidedtodochoresuntilhecouldpayfordrillingthewell,too. WhenthepeopleinRyan’stownheardwhathewasdoing,theyhelpedhimraisemoremoney.Inafewmonths,Ryanhadenoughmoneytopayforthewell. ThewellwasbuiltnearavillageschoolinUganda.Afterthewellwasbuilt,thevillagerssentRyanlettersandapictureofthewell.Theyhaderectedasignthatsaid“Ryan’sWell.”Theywouldalwaysremembertheyoungpersonwhohadhelpedthem.Ryancorrespondedwiththechildrenwhowenttotheschool.Soontheybecamefriends.Ryanwashappytothinkthathisfriendswouldhavecleanwatertodrink.


Benchmark 3


How Ryan Made a Difference, continued

Ryanhascontinuedhiswork.HehashelpedtoconstructwellsinmanyAfricancountries.Hebelieveseachindividualreallycanmakeadifference.


Benchmark 3


Rachel’s Box

Thecatwasmakingamaddashtogetawayfromthenewpuppy.Shewastryingtogettoherspotonthewindowledgeoutofthepuppy’sreach.ItwasthenthatthecatknockedoverthebeautifulwoodenboxthatGrandmotherhadgiventoRachelonhermostrecentvisit.StevenandRachelcouldseewhatwasgoingtohappen,butneitheronewasabletogetacrosstheroomquicklyenoughtopreventitfromhappening. StevenputthepuppyoutsidewhileRachellookedtoseehowbadlytheboxwasdamaged.Whenhereturned,hissisterwasstillstaringatthebox.“Don’tworry,”Stevensaid,“It’snotthatserious.IthinkIcanfixitforyou.”Rachelsmiledhappily.Herbigbrotherwasalwaysthereforherwhensheneededhelp. Theytooktheboxtothekitchenforacloserlook.Thehingeneededtobescrewedbackonandseveraloftheinlaidstoneswouldhavetobegluedbackinplace.Allinall,Steventhoughttheyhadbeenverylucky.Theboxwasmorethantwohundredyearsold,andithadfallenonthehardfloor.Ithadbeenaweddingpresenttotheirgrandmother’sgreatgrandmother.Formanyyearsithadbeenpasseddownthroughthefamilytotheoldestgranddaughter. Thebrotherandsisterworkedtogether,andsoontheboxwasasgoodasnew.Rachelputtheboxinherglasscabinet.Shedidn’twantthecattogetanywherenearitagain.BecauseofSteven’shelp,sheknewshewouldnowbeabletokeeptheboxsafetogivetoherowngranddaughtersomeday.Rachelfeltthankfultohavesuchawonderfulbrother.


Benchmark 3


The Pinecone Feast

Snowhadcoveredthegroundforafullmonthnow.Somehow,itseemedcolderthaninyearspast.Oscarhadn’tseenmanybirdsatall.Helookedoutofthewindowandwonderedhowallthebirdsstayedwarmandwhattheyateduringthesecoldfrostymonths.HisgrandfatherlookedupfromthebookhewasreadingandaskedwhatOscarwassoconcernedabout. Oscartoldhimhewasworriedaboutthebirdsinthecold.Grandfathertoldhimthatmanybirdsflewsouthforthewinterbutthatthebirdsthatstayedprobablydidneedfood.Then,Grandfathersmiledandsaid,“Iusedtomakepineconefeastsforthebirdsduringthewinter.Wouldyoulikemetoshowyouhow?”Oscarnoddedanexcitedyes. OscarfollowedGrandfatherouttotheshedtoretrievesomepineconestheyhadgatheredinthefall.Atthekitchentable,theycarefullytiedstringaroundthetopofeachone.Next,Grandfathergotoutajarofpeanutbutterandtwospoons.HetoldOscartocovereachpineconewithpeanutbutter.Then,Grandfatherpouredsomebirdseedontoaplate.Headdedsunflowerseedsanddriedfruittothemixtogivethebirdsextraenergy.Finally,thetworolledthecoatedpineconesthroughthebirdseeduntiltheywerecompletelycoveredwithseeds. OscarandGrandfatherdressedwarmlyandwentouttosetupthebirdfeast.Theycarefullytiedeachpineconeontothebarebranchesofthebigtreeoutsidethekitchenwindow.Afteraquicksnowballfight,theywentinsidetogetwarmandwaitforthebirdstofindthefeast.Bylunchtime,OscarandGrandfatherhadtheirreward.Theylookedoutthewindow.Therewasagroupofbirdshappilymunchingontheseeds.


Benchmark 3


Save the Turtles!

Formillionsofyears,seaturtleshavelivedinouroceans.Itisamazing,whenyouthinkaboutit.TheywereherewhenthedinosaurswalkedtheEarth!Now,theirfutureisatrisk.Thegoodnewsisthateffortsarebeingmadetokeepallseaturtlessafe. Ofthesevenspeciesofseaturtles,thelargestistheleatherback.Thisturtlecangrowtooversixfeetlong.Theyarecalledleatherbacksbecausetheyhaveasofter,moreflexibleshellthanotherturtles.Theylivemainlyintheopenocean,wheretheyfeedonjellyfish.Becausetheycankeeptheirbodytemperaturewarmerthanthatofthewater,theyareabletoswimincolderpartsoftheocean.Othertypesofseaturtlesarenotabletodothis.Leatherbacksswimthousandsofmilesayearlookingforfood.Everytwoorthreeyears,thefemaleswalkontothebeachtomakeanestandlaytheireggs. Eachyear,therearefewernestingleatherbackstobeseen.Thisisbecauseofthegrowingdangerstheyface.Atsea,thisgiantturtleoftengetscaughtinfishingnets.Onland,animalsandpeopledisturbtheirnests.Theturtlesalsomistakeplasticbagsandotherkindsoftrashforjellyfish.Thesebagscanbeveryharmfultotheturtlesiftheytrytoeatthem. Lawsarebeingpassedtoprotecttheturtles,andpeoplearebecomingbetterawareoftherisks.Manycountriesnowhavebeachpatrolstoguardthenests,andtherearenewwaystotrackwheretheturtlesgo.Also,morepeoplerecyclenow.Thismeansthatpeoplethrowawayfewerplasticbags.Ifweallworktogether,wecansavetheturtles!


Benchmark 3


Planting a Butterfly Garden

Oneofthemostbeautifulinsectsonearthisthebutterfly.Therearethousandsofdifferentkindsofbutterfliesandtheyliveinallpartsoftheworld.Insomeplaces,though,butterflieshavetroublefindingtheplantstheyneedtosurvive.Plantingabutterflygardenisagreatwaytohelp.Youcanbothprotectandenjoythebutterfliesinyourarea. Manyparksandpublicgardenshavewholefieldsplantedtoattractbutterflies,butabutterflygardendoesnothavetobelarge.Itcanbeasmallbedinyouryardorevenawindowbox.Toplanthistypeofgarden,firstfindoutwhattypeofbutterfliesarenativetowhereyoulive.Then,findoutwhattypeofplantstheylike.Trylookingatthelibraryoratyourlocalgardencenter. Afterresearchinglocalbutterflies,pickaspotforyourgarden.Next,decidehowlargeitwillbe.Itcanalsobehelpfultomapoutaplanforthegarden.Butterflieslikesunshine,sopickasunnyspot.Thegardenshouldalsohavesomeprotectionfromthewind. Ifyouareplantingyourgardeninthegroundorinaraisedbed,youwillneedtopreparethesoilbeforeputtinginplants.Turnthesoiltoloosenitup,makingsuretobreakupanylargeclumps.Youcanaddinsomegardeningdirtwhileyoudothis.Nowitistimetoplant.Butterflygardensneedhostplantsforbutterfliestolayeggsonandforcaterpillarstoeat.Theyalsoneedplantsthatprovidenectartofeedthebutterflies. Withalittletimeandcare,youcanenjoybothcolorfulflowersandbutterflies!


Benchmark 3


Lan’s First Day

ItwasLan’sfirstdayinhernewschoolintheUnitedStates.ShehadleftChinajustoneweekearlier,sotheEnglishwordsherclassmatesspokesoundedstrangetoher. Theteacherexplainedsomethingandthenpassedoutpapers.Landidn’tunderstandwhatwasonthepapersandfeltconfused.Shecouldtellthatherclassmateswereexcitedaboutwhattheywerereading.Fromtheirexpressions,sheguesseditwasastory. SomeofLan’sclassmatesgatheredatthefrontoftheroom.Theytalkedinfunnyvoicesandmadeinterestingexpressionswiththeirfaces.Slowly,Lanrealizedthatthestudentswereactingoutaplay.Lanwatchedcloselyasagirlinaredcapeskippedalongandthenstoppedtohaveaconversationwithatallboy.Theboysmiledinasneakywayandgrowledlikeawolf.“Thatvillainisuptonogood,”thoughtLan. Intheend,thetallboypretendedtobeanoldwomaninbed.Whenthegirlinthecapeapproachedhim,theboysprangoutofbedandchasedher.Thegirloutsmartedthewolfandescaped.Rightthen,Lanrecognizedthestory.Itwassimilartoatalehermothertoldheraboutawolfwhotrickedchildrenbypretendingtobeagrandmother.Lanraisedherhand.“LonPoPo!”shesaidexcitedly. EveryonelookedatLaninsurprise.“That’sright,Lan,”saidtheteacher.“ThistaleissimilartotheChinesestoryofLonPoPo.It’scalledLittleRedRidingHood.” Lanrepeatedthewordsslowly,“LittleRedRidingHood.”Everyonesmiledwhentheyheardhowwellshespoke.Lansmiledshylybackandthought,“Thisschoolisgoingtobefun!”


Benchmark 3


Kayla’s Special Owl

Thewildlifecenterwasonlyafewblocksaway.Kaylaandherfamilywalkedtherealmosteveryday.Shehadbeenvisitingthecentersinceshewastwoyearsold.Kaylalovedlookingattheanimalsandhikingthesurroundingtrails.WhatKaylalikedtheverybestofall,though,werethebirds.Thissummer,shewasfinallyoldenoughtovolunteerinthecenter’sbirdrescuearea.Shecouldn’twaittostart. Everyweekpeoplebroughtwoundedorabandonedbirdstothecenter.Theywerecaredforandthenreleasedbackintothewild.Aftertraining,Kaylawasreadyforwork.Shehelpedcleancagesandmixedupspecialfood.Soon,shewasabletoworkwiththe“babies.”Shefedthesetinybirdsbyhandusingasmallpaintbrush.Shewoulddipthebrushintowaterorthefoodmixandthengentlyputherhandoverthebirdanddropasmallamountintoitsgapingmouth.Babybirdsneedtobefedeverytwentyminutes,sothiswassomethingthevolunteerstookturnsdoingalldaylong. OfallthebirdsKaylahelped,herfavoritewasasmallscreechowl.Shehadbeenthefirstonetofeedthetinycreature,andthetwohadformedaspecialbond.Itneededconstantattention.Kaylawatchedtheowlgetstrongereverydayasshecaredforit.Soon,itcouldeatonitsownandwasmovedfromtheinsidecareroomtoanoutsidecageforbirdsthatwouldsoonbereleased.Thetimecametoletthelittleowlgo.Kaylawasn’tsad,though,becauseshesomehowknewshewouldseeherowlagain.Thatnight,sheheardahootingsoundinthetreejustoutsideherwindow.Herspecialowlwassafeandnear.


Benchmark 3


Amazing Dolphins

Canyoujumpashighasahouse?Couldyouwinaracewithashark?Couldyoufindaquarterontheplaygroundwithyoureyesclosed?Youcoulddoallthesethingsifyouwereadolphin! Adolphinhasaverystrongtailthathelpsitjumphighintheair.Adolphin’stailmusclesaremuchstrongerthanthemusclesofothermammals.Adolphinpumpsitstailupanddowntopropelitselfthroughthewater.Adolphincanswimsofastthatoneflickofitstailsendsthedolphinsailingintotheair.Jumpingoutofthewaterisonewaythedolphingetsairwhileswimming. Dolphinsdonotalwaysswimattopspeed,buttheyarealwaysreadytogofastifanenemycomesnear.Dolphinsoftenswimtogetherinagroup.Theywarneachotheriftheyseeashark.Whenescapingashark,dolphinscanswimasfastassomespeedboats! Oneofthemostinterestingthingsaboutadolphin’sbodyisthewayitfindsthings.Adolphinmakesclickingsoundsthatbounceoffobjectsinthesea.Whentheclickingsoundsbounce,theymakeechoesthatthedolphincanhear.Thesoundoftheechoestellsthedolphinwherethingsare.Usingclicksandechoes,adolphincouldfindaquarterthatwasahalfablockaway!Theclicksandechoesareimportantbecausetheyhelpthedolphinfindfood.Thesoundsalsohelpdolphinsstayawayfromenemies. Whenyouseeadolphinjumping,swimming,andmakingnoisesyou’llknowitisnotjustplaying.Itisalsousingitsamazingbodytostaysafeandhealthy!


Benchmark 3


Strawberry Festival Day

Atthestrawberryfestival,Tessastoodbetweenherstepmomandherdad.Theparadewasstarting.Lookingdownthestreet,Tessawasstartledbyoneofthefloats.“That’sthebiggestcakeI’veeverseen!”sheexclaimed. “Iknow,”herstepmomanswered.“I’vebeencomingtothisstrawberryfestivalsinceIwasyourage.Everyyear,peopleusetheberriestheygrowhere.Theyworktogethertomakeahugestrawberryshortcake.It’salwaysthefirstthingintheparade.Thebestpartcomesaftertheparade.That’swheneveryoneatthefestivalgetstoeatit!” Whentheparadewasover,Tessaandherparentsmadetheirwaytothelineforapieceofthegiantstrawberryshortcake.Tessa’smouthwateredasshewonderedwhatthecakewouldtastelike.Tessa’sstepmomstoodinlineandgotthemeachahelpingofthecake.“Thisisdelicious,”Tessasaidassheateit. Aftertheyfinishedthecake,theywalkedaroundforalongtime.Theystoppedandlistenedtoabandinthepark,andthenrodeafewrides.Asthesunbegantoset,Tessagotherfacepainted.Shesmiledasshelookedinthemirroratthebrightredstrawberryonhercheek. Tessatookherdad’shand,andwithherotherhand,shereachedforherstepmom.TheybothheldTessa’shandstightlyandsmiledather.Theylookedupatthefireworksthatlitthedarksky.Itwasabeautifulendingtoagreatday.


Benchmark 3


A Poetry Contest

Theclasslistenedpolitelyasthevisitingauthorreadsomeofherpoems.Afterthepoetleft,theirteacher,Mrs.North,toldthemtogetouttheirwritingnotebooks.Mrs.Northwantedeachofthemtotrywritingapoem.Everyonestartedscribblingaway.Everyone,thatis,butBrenden.Hejuststaredattheblankpagebeforehim,wonderingwhattowrite.Then,thebellrang.Mrs.Northtoldthemtofinishtheirpoemsforhomework. AsBrendenwalkedhomefromschool,anideahithim.Hewouldwriteapoemaboutbaseball!Helovedbaseball.Athome,hesatdownathisdeskandstartedwriting.Brenden’spencouldbarelykeepupwiththewordstumblingoutofhishead.Hewasevenabletomakehiswordsrhyme,whichtheguestpoethadsaidcouldbedifficult.Thenextday,Brendenturnedinhispoem.Hehopedhisteacherwouldlikeit. Afewweekslater,Mrs.NorthcalledBrendentoherdesk.Shetoldhimthatalocalbookstorehadaskedteacherstoenterpoems,writtenbytheirstudents,inthestore’syearlypoetrycontest.Brenden’spoemhadbeenselected.Mrs.Northtoldhimwhatagreathonorthiswas.Hispoemwouldbepublishedinabookalongwiththeotherselectedentries.Also,eachpoetwastoreadhisorherpoemthatSaturdayatthebookstore. WhenSaturdaycame,Brendenwentwithhisfamilytothebookstore.Finally,itwashisturntoread.Everyoneclappedafterheread.Whenallthepoemswererecited,thestore’smanagergaveoutprizes.Brendenhadwonagiftcardforhavingthebestpoeminhisagegroup.Hethoughtthatnowhemightlikepoetryasmuchashelikedbaseball!


Benchmark 3


Keeping the Planet Clean

Nomatterwhereyouareintheworld,youcanalwaysdoyourbesttokeeptheplanetclean.Throwingawaytrashproperlyisonewaytodothis.Recyclingisanotherway. Peoplecanlitterwithoutevenknowingtheyaredoingit.Sometimes,driversputtrashinroadsidebinsthatareoverlyfull.Beforethebingetsemptied,thetrashcanspillout.Itisthencarriedalloverbythewindtoanotherplace.Whoknowswhereitmightendup?Almosttwentypercentofourlitterendsupinriversandoceans.Thisaffectsourdrinkingwateraswellasfishandotherwildlife.Ifyouaresomeplaceandyouarenotsurethatthetrashwillbepickedup,waittothrowitawayinaplacewhereyouknowitwillnotbecomelitter. Evenwhenitisthrownawayproperly,trashisbadfortheEarth.Anotherwaytodealwithtrashistomakelessofit.Thisiswhererecyclingcanhelp.Youcanaskfamilyandfriendstobuythingswithpackagingthatcanberecycledorreused.Youcanalsotrytoavoidpaperplatesandcupsandinsteadusewashabledishesthatyoucanuseagain.Usingreusablegrocerysackscutsdownonthenumberofplasticbagsweuseandthrowaway. Sometimesyouwillneedtousethingsyoucan’trecycleorreuse.Themostimportantthingistotrytouselessofthistypeofitem.Doingyourparttohelpkeepourplanetcleanhelpsusall.


Benchmark 3


How Worms Help Gardens

Ifyouwanttohaveabeautifulgarden,youshouldstartwithgooddirt.Gardensoilneedstobecaredforjustlikeyourplantsdo.Wormscanhelpyoudothis!WormshavebeentendingthesoilsincebeforethelastIceAgeandcanliveinmostplacesthatarenottoohotorcold.Mostwormsareonlyseveralincheslong,buttherearesometypesthatcangrowtobelongerthanacar. Therearemanydifferentwormsthatcanhelpyourgarden.Themostcommonistheearthworm.Earthwormseattheirwaythroughthesoil,makingmealsoutofdecayingplantmatterandbacteria.Theirwaste,calledcastings,helpsenrichthesoil.Astheymovethroughtheground,theycreateburrowsortunnels.Thishelpsgetmoreairandwaterintothedirtandkeepsitfromcompacting.Plantrootscangrowmoreeasily,andwaterisabletostayinthesoilforlongerperiodsoftime. Anotherwormthatcanhelpyourgardenistheredwiggler.Thesewormsdon’tburrowintothesoil.Theyfeedonthesurface,whichmakesthemperfectforcomposting.Compostisamixtureofdecayingorganicmatterthatisusedtofertilizetheland.Itismadeupofthingslikeleavesorgrassclippings.Itcanalsoincludethingslikecarrotpeelsandotherkitchenscraps.Thewigglersareaddedtothemix,andtheyeatanddigestthefood,leavingbehindtheircastings.Castingsarethenmixedintosoilbeforeitisusedforplanting.Thesewormscandevouralotofwaste.Onepoundofwigglerscaneateightouncesoffoodinaday! Allinall,wormsarereallyamazingandaretrulyagardener’sfriend.


Benchmark 3


A Chess Tournament

Theprincipalwalkedintotheschoollibrary.Shehadjustreceivedaletterinvitingseveralmembersoftheschool’schessteamtoplayinthestatechampionship.Rachelcouldhardlybelieveherearswhensheheardhernamereadasoneofthepeoplewhohadbeenchosen. Thechessclubmettwiceaweekafterschoolinthelibrary.Rachel’steacherhadsuggestedthatshetryitlastyear,becausesheknewthatRachellovedproblemsolving.Whatstartedoutasjustaninterestingschoolactivitywasnowsomethingthatsheloveddoing.Rachelhadbecomeoneoftheclub’sbestplayers.Still,shewonderedifshewasgoodenoughforthistournament. Racheltalkeditoverwithherparentsandherteacher.Theyalltoldherthatshewaschosenbecauseshewasaverygoodplayer.Theyremindedherthatnomatterwhattheoutcomewas,shewouldenjoythechallengeofeachmatchandwouldlearnfromeverygamesheplayed.WhenRachelthoughtaboutit,sherealizedtheywereright.Thetournamentgameswouldjustbenewpuzzlestosolve.Rachelfeltmoreconfident. Whenthetournamentdayarrived,Rachelwasready.Afteragoodnight’srestandahealthybreakfast,shearrivedearlytocheckin.Then,sheplayedsomepracticegameswithherfriends.Soon,itwastimeforherfirstmatchtobegin.Overthenexttwodays,sheplayedsixgames.Shewonfour,lostone,andhadonetie.Whenthefinalpointsweretallied,shehadwonthirdplace.Shewasthrilled,andinherheart,sheknewshehadwonmuchmorethanatrophy.



DIBELS® Next Student MaterialsDaze/Level 3

Progress Monitoring

Roland H. Good III

Ruth A. Kaminski

with:




®

STOP

Practice 1

After playing in the dirt, Sam went homesummer was

to wash her hands.

Practice 2

On her way home, she chairsleep saw

an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________

G3/Progress Monitoring 1

progress monitoringDaze

1

Keep going G3/Progress Monitoring 1Page 1

Race Car Driver

A checkered flag waves. A line of cars takes off.FindIt'sThankful

the Indianapolis Five Hundred, one

of the mostfamouslinecars

car races in the world. Manysonsbrotherspeople

dream of driving one of thelongedsleekairplane

, fast

cars around the track. It's awasn'tsoondream

that comes true for only alearnedbrotherfew

people, but some find great

success at the Indy Five Hundred.FriendsMadeOne

of these people is Bobby Unser.

Bobbyadditionworkingbegan

racing in his home state of New Mexico assoonanymorethough

as he learned to drive.

He soonwassomegot

bringing home trophy after trophy incertainlylocalimitating

races, but he longed to win the Indy

Five Hundred. Hewingotstate

one step closer to his dreamhomeit'swhen

he started racing cars at thepopulartrackfirst

in

Indianapolis. It took six years ofattemptsthreedid

, but he finally won the Indianapolis Five Hundred! He

stoppedsmallerwent

on to win the Indy Five Hundred threetimeswentcomes

in all. Between those races, hecompetedsloweddoesn't

in

and won many smaller races.

Bobbycheckeredbecamecar

very popular with the public. Toycompanieslovedgirl

made small race cars and

otherfanspeopletoys

with his name on them. Childrenverylovedsleek

imitating their racing hero with thesehundredtoysstep

.

G3/Progress Monitoring 1Page 2

STOP

Thousands of fans loved Bobby andstartedcheeredtwo

for him when he raced.

However, Bobbyflyingwasn'tspending

the only one from his family wholovedlocaltoday

racing. His father and two

unclesallyearshasn't

drove race cars. Bobby's brother, Al Unser,childrenalsofast

raced in the Indy Five Hundred and

won theracenowhas

four times in all. Al Unser'ssonattemptscompanies

has even won twice! Bobby's twootherracingtime

brothers did some racing, and Bobby'ssonsgreatname

also have raced. In addition, hisstayshavedaughter

is now a race

car driver. Shedriveherois

the first girl in the family todriverracetrophy

. Over the years, their family hasdrivensixdaughter

in over a hundred races andtookwonis

thirty-seven times! That is a lot ofdriventoyraces

for one family.

Today, Bobby isthankfulmosttrue

for his many years of success andfamilywashappiness

racing cars. He

stopped racing yearsmanysonago

, but he stays busy working, flying hisairplanesmalluncles

, and spending time with

family andfriendshowevereven

. Even though he doesn't race anymore, hecertainlyracedsuccess

hasn't slowed down!

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



2


A Jazz Composer

In the nineteen twenties, a young boy heard some exciting new music on the radio. He had never

heard anything like it, and from thatmomentoftenswitched

he was hooked. The boy's namewastimemusician

Charles

Mingus, and the music hemanytogetherheard

was big band jazz. Charles wouldgrowconcertseventually

up to be a great

jazzalwaysturnedcomposer

.

Charles was born in Arizona andgrewnineteenlearned

up in California. When he was averycomposerstrumpets

young

boy, he spent many hours at hisownsoundschurch

listening to traditional gospel music. Hebecomewellwas

eight years

old when he firstmovedwouldheard

jazz music on the radio. Thesongstooloud

sounds of the trumpets thrilled him. He

wantedchildhoodbegan

listening to the radio more often,threealwaysgospel

trying to find more of thatbeganmusicwas

. A couple of

years later, heborngothours

a trombone. He chose that instrumentjazzbecauseall

he had seen one at church and he

bowthoughtmet

it sounded like a trumpet.

Heplayedstartedlater

practicing right away, but the tromboneplaywaschurch

not a good match for him and he

neededyoungnever

learned to play it very well.CoupleMostEventually

, he stopped taking lessons. His fatherlaterlivingperformed


traded the trombone for a cello, ansoundedinstrumentwere

with strings that is played with amomentcomposerbow

. This was

a much better match for Charles. Hissometeachersone

were impressed by his talent.

Yearsfamousstartedlater

, Charles switched instruments again, this timelivedbandstrading

his cello for a bass. The

makeverybass

is similar to the cello, but itisworkinstrument

much bigger. Charles practiced by playing along with

theradiomovefirst

. After only three days, he played histradedthoughtnew

instrument in a concert!

When Charles was ateenagerchoseanything

, he started writing his own music. Hegreatestwouldseen

play these new

songs when hemuchtradingperformed

. Pretty soon, famous bands were playing hisbecauseheardmusic

too! Even though

Charles wanted tobestoppedmake

a living as a musician, heplayingneededeight

to earn more money. As apracticedbiggeryoung

man, he moved to New York City togoodlessonswork

for the Postal Service.

This turned out tobandbeimpressed

a good move for him. Many of thegreatestcameonly

jazz musicians of

the time lived in New York, and Charlesbetterbassmet

them all. Soon he was playingexcitingconcertssimilar

with them

and writing more music. Hewentgotmore

on to become one of thegreatfathermost

important jazz composers of our


STOP

time. Themusicboyspent

styles of his childhood, gospel andbigcelloloud

band jazz, often came together in his

music.FreshTryingYears

later, his music still sounds fresh.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



3


Long Key State Park

Schools of colorful fish swim through sparkling blue water next to smooth, white beaches. A

bright green lizard darts up thewaytrunkpicnics

of a tree. Tall, pink birds withenjoyanimalslong

legs search for tasty

shrimp. Thesecolorfultrunkplace

sights are just a few of thelookthingsbeautiful

visitors can see at Long Key State Park

in Florida. Thistropicalbesidesclear

island is a great place totowerbeachwalk

, canoe, swim, and fish. It isdartsalsoday

a great

place to just lie on thewatchsightsbeach

under the warm Florida sun!

Theparkwillleave

offers three choices of nature trails. The Golden Orb Trailwavescampis

named for a kind

of spider thatoceanthirdlives

in the area. The trail takeshasnaturevisitors

on an easy walk along thedifferentbeachwhite

. It also

passes through a swampyisthicketflamingos

and tropical woods. It is interesting tocampsiteseenamed

the different

kinds of plants thatpaddlegrowstay

in each area. There is agrowtallflock

tower at the end of thefulltrailponds

. It gives

visitors a bird's-eyefunexcitingview

of the beach and ocean.

Birdshrimpjustlovers

will enjoy walking on the Layton Trail. Ittallareleads

to a point where many tropical

warmbirdscanoes

come to hunt in the shallowwatersparklingcan

. A flock of bright pink flamingosearlyhandcatching

tiny


shrimp is an exciting sight!

Thealsoblowingthird

trail is not for walking, though. Itisseeplants

for canoes. Visitors can rent a

interestingloverscanoe

and paddle it through the shallow,peopleclearbirds

ponds that lie behind the beach.GivesManyCanoe

tropical plants, birds, fish, and otherthreesomeanimals

live in the water. This traillizardbrightis

a great way to get a

campersfishingclose

look at them.

The park offersotheralllie

things to do besides hiking. Thebeautifulnotsun

beaches and sparkling water

invite visitors toeachplaythicket

in the ocean waves. Many visitorspinktrynext

their hand at fishing. There are

greatplayplaces

for picnics, as well.

Some people like tolegscampoffers

at the park. Each campsite has aviewtimesleep

of the ocean. After a full

daymightwake

of fun in the sun, camperstropicalcomecan

enjoy a quiet evening with thethoughbreezeeye

blowing across the

water. They go tospidersleepbreeze

to the sound of the waves on thequietswampybeach

. Those who wake up early can

trailwatchsearch

the sun come up over theswimendocean

. Visitors might stay the night orotherhikingjust

come for the day,


STOP

but theywillwalkingpasses

all leave with great memories of theirtimebeachesrent

at Long Key State Park.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



4


A New Idea

Have you ever looked at a tool you use and thought of a way you could improve it? Such a thing

happened to Maggie.TopOneWorking

day, Maggie was doing her maththoughtreallyhomework

when the lead broke on

herlaterpencilshould

, so she stopped what she wascouldremovabledoing

and went to the pencil sharpener. Aimprovefewthinking

minutes later, she went back to thenotebookmathshowed

problem, but she could not recallthenwherewanted

she was in the

solution. She had tolovedhomeworkstart

over from the beginning. That gave her anideahavedinner

. She thought

pencils should have atimesmadebuilt

-in sharpener. Maggie concentrated on herwerenicehomework

until it was

complete, but shecouldwaterhow

not stop thinking about her idea.

Thatrecallstartednight

at dinner, Maggie told her dad about herheldideastop

. Dad encouraged Maggie to think

more about her idea bymistakemakingnight

a drawing of what the pencilneededwouldbe

look like. Maggie got a

notebook andpencilbeganinstead

making sketches. She drew many designs, but thewentoneso

she liked best looked

like aregularbuiltsuch

pencil. It had a removable top thatheldputwondered

an eraser and a sharpener.

Thatweekendbedused

, Maggie showed her drawing to herdadmodelminutes

. Together, they used pencils and


STOP

othermaterialsgaveliked

to make a working model of Maggie'swouldlotsharpening

pencil. They tried many times

andtoousedlast

a lot of pencils. At last, they had abackbestfunctioning

model. Maggie tried it on hersharpenhomeworkstart

the next week. It really worked!SlippersWhenGot

her pencil broke, Maggie had what shetogetherneedederaser

to sharpen

it. When she made amathmistakeday

, she had what she needed tomanyputtingerase

it.

Maggie loved her new pencil. Andmoreonewhen

her friends saw it, they allfunctioningwantedconcentrated

sharpening

pencils, too. Maggie showed themhowcompletethings

they could make their own. Shewonderedsolutionerase

if there were

other things shemakeweekendcould

improve. She started to look for them.AllOneEver

night, as she got up from

drewproblembed

to get a drink of water, shedrawingthoughtexcited

how nice it would be ifwasinsteadmight

of putting on her

slippers andotherthenlead

turning on the light, she coulduseregularhave

her slippers automatically light up when she

brokeinventionput

them on. Maggie was excited todadthinkautomatically

she might have another great invention.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



5


The Nurse

Jason and his mother were in the waiting room of the doctor's office. He leaned on his mother's

arm andaskeddoorwaylistened

why he had to see thedoctorcalledexample

. Mom stroked Jason's forehead with herfingersthenshook

.

“Because you are sick and weneedchestused

to get some medicine for you.”SuddenlyInterestingMedicine

, someone called his

name. A man inheightwhiteled

pants and a white smock wasveryexplainedwaiting

for them at the doorway.

“Ipressurethroathear

you're not feeling too well today,” themuchsurprisedman

said. “Let's see if we can

momentisfix

you up!” He showed Jason out of thealllobbyjob

and asked him to step on ascalewhenhead

. He wrote

down Jason's weight andshotsomethen

he measured his height. Then thewhymanhow

in the white pants and white

becausetreatsmock

recorded that number, too.

“Why did yousomeonetemperatureneed

to measure and weigh me?” asked Jason.

“HealthyNotBecause

we want to make sure that yourecentlyaresample

a healthy weight, and to seehowinformationsaid

much you've grown recently,” the manstitchesexplainedgrown

. “Your weight also helps us decidehowarmillness

much

medicine to give you.” Themanfavoritesmall

led Jason and his mom to asmallsuddenlyentered

room and took Jason's


temperature while heyou'vebadtold

them how all this information helps thewhiledoctorsure

decide how to treat the

illness.

Jasonsaywasthought

surprised. “I thought you were theofficedoctorstep

!”

The man chuckled, “No, I'm Nurse Doug. Iweighneedassist

the doctor.”

Jason was thoughtful for adoctor'smomentsubject

. “All you do is measure people andnumberprobablytake

their

temperature?”

Nurse Doug shook his head. “NoAssistDon't

, I do lots of other things. Foryou'reifexample

, I can clean and

bandage badcutsarewell

, measure blood pressure, or take outstitchesdohear

. I can also take a sample of your

waitingbloodfix

or give you a shot.”

Jason'sfingersmother'seyes

grew wide. “Don't worry,” Nurse Doug laughed andheartforeheadsaid

, “you probably

don't need a shotthingswastoday

.” Nurse Doug showed Jason some of theequipmentwrotedecide

he used in his job and

measuredexplainedimmediately

the purpose of each item. Jasonpantsweightthought

it was all very interesting.


STOP

When the doctormeasuregrewfinally

entered, she looked in Jason's throat andmakethoughtfulpeered

gently into his

ears. She tapped on hiscanstrokedchest

with her fingers and listened to hisscaleseeheart

. During the examination,

she asked him abouteachmanschool

, his favorite subject and his favoritepurposesportswant

. When she asked him what

hewantedlobbyrecorded

to be when he grew up, Jasontooknewears

what to say immediately. “A nurse!”

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



6


A Special Place in Arizona

Arizona is a state with great natural beauty. Its landscape of desert and giantpackedfishingred

rock

formations attracts visitors from far andpicnicsunwide

. Arizona has many state parks wherehundredvolleyballpeople

can

hike, camp, and enjoy nature. But Slide Rock State Parkhasstrollhot

something extra. It has a natural

waterswimmingpeople

slide!

A creek with a rockyblossomsbottomtime

runs through the park. In onelieparttoo

of the creek, the water runs

through aeveryonecrackmany

in a giant, flat rock. Over theyearsarejust

, the crack has become smooth andtrailtablesslippery

.

People go there to splash androcksslidespring

in the cold water. It isliveexcitingride

to slide down the creek along the

someslickexciting

rock. Not everyone is brave enough tobeautynotride

the natural water slide, though. Someapplespinkprefer

to wade and swim in theprefergocalmer

parts of the creek. This canbeswimago

fun, too. After playing in the

outdoorscoldowned

water for a while, many like todesertpartspread

out a towel and lie down on thestandingfallwarm

, sunny

rocks.

Slide Rock State Park offers more thanjustonewide

swimming. It has many attractions. Aissplashhiking


trail leads to a cliff overlooking thefuncreektrails

. Visitors can also bring fishing poles andnaturaltryfarmer

their luck

at catching fish thatshelterswantlive

in the creek. There is also anstayareanature

where visitors can play volleyball.

Theareasparkformations

is a great place to have acamptoolspicnic

. There are areas with picnic tablesmachineswherethere

visitors can enjoy lunch in theyearsmoregreat

outdoors. For those who want tostaywaterplanted

out of the hot sun, there

arebeused

some shelters with roofs.

The parkwhilesitstry

on a piece of land thatusedredpark

to be an apple farm. Thebringparksman

who owned the

farm planted hispolesfreshapple

trees almost one hundred years ago.SittingOverlookingSome

of those trees are still

growing.PartsParkSomething

visitors love to see the pinkslidealmostblossoms

in the spring. In the fall, theyenoughwerecan

try

a fresh apple straight from thecracklucktree

. A stroll around the old farmplaceeveryis

interesting at any time of

year.ThanSomeField

of the old tools and machines thefarmerrockyplaying

used are still sitting in thegrowingfieldsmooth

. The barn

where the apples weretowelroofspacked

into boxes is still standing.

Withlunchitsthough

hiking trails, apple trees, fishing, andlandscapeareaslippery

water slide, Slide Rock State


STOP

Park has something forstilleverybottom

visitor.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



7


Starting a Company

Every year, a certain catalog is delivered to mailboxes all over the world. It is full of camping

gear,eighteenworkedcomfortable

clothes, and backpacks. The name on thesureordercatalog

is L. L. Bean, a company that

hasworkrubberbeen

around for more than ninety years. Itmanyperfectsells

more than one billion dollars worth of

goodscompletestitching

every year. This giant company had abootsbackpackssimple

start when one man got tired offullhavinghunting

cold, wet feet.

Leon Bean lived in Maine, astatemailedpeople

known for its woods, lakes, andthenriverslives

. One day he went

hunting when thefixingweathernot

was cold and wet. Water leaked through hisbootsdidwould

and made his feet cold

andgearwentsore

. Why couldn't someone make a pair ofbackbootsgot

that did not leak? As hesturdythanstomped

around the

wet woods, he dreamed up adescriptiondesignsells

for waterproof boots. They would haverubberdesignhimself

bottoms to

keep the water out. Theymadehunterswould

have leather tops to provide sturdyotherscomforttoday

and a good fit.

Leon decided tomakeeverybuyer

the boots himself if he couldhastopsnot

buy them. He had a shoemaker

sewisknown

leather uppers to a pair ofrubbersatisfactionwere

boots. He tried them out, and theyworkedriversleather

! His feet


stayed dry and snug,oneevenproducts

in wet weather.

Leon was sure thatotherssendhave

would also like his boots. Hecouldstayedwrote

a description of the boots and

mailedstompedalways

it to all the hunters hesomeoneknewyears

. He wrote, “You cannot expect successlovedhuntingdelivered

deer or

moose if your feetlivedcampingare

not properly dressed. The Maine Hunting Shoe isdesignedqualitycold

by a hunter

who has tramped the Maineeventearwoods

for the last eighteen years. Weguaranteemoosesnug

them to give perfect

satisfaction ineveryprovidemost

way.” Leon promised that if abeenwhenbuyer

did not like the boots, hedressedwouldpromised

send his or her money back.

CustomerManyLast

people wrote to Leon to order apairdaywear

of the boots. He had themmanguaranteemade

and

sent them off. However, theitsrubberstate

bottoms fell off most of thebootscompanyadding

! Leon kept his promise,

though, andmakecatalogsent

back all the money. Then hewentbilliondeer

to work fixing his design, addingninetydrystronger

stitching. The new boots held up tothoughsorewear

and tear and people loved them.TrampedExpectSoon

, Leon began

selling other goods asworldwellother

. All the products he sold were ofsoongoodway

quality and he always promised


STOP

completewellcomfortablesatisfaction

. This promise to the customer lives onshoemakertodayname

as his company continues to

grow.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



8


Going to the Dentist

Sitting in the dentist's leather armchair, Kayla noticed that a picture of a waterfall hung above her

head. Kayla wondered why the dentist wouldrealizedwantnow

to hang pictures on the ceiling.

Agumswomanthere

in a blue smock walked in. “SmallSittingHello

, Kayla,” she said. “I'm Christine, and I'm

goingitemsnight

to be cleaning your teeth today. Before wedentistwhileget

started, I'd like to show youkindsomevery

of the

special tools that we'llallmirrorbe

using.”

Christine let Kayla look at acouldhavingsmall

tray of items next to herarmchairstringspecial

. Some of these things

were familiar to Kayla. Sherememberedtoolswe'll

the special kind of string, calledgetsremovefloss

, that she used

each night when shearmchairfeelbrushed

her teeth. There was also afunnysizedround

-looking toothbrush. It was round,

anddirtywonderfulsmaller

than the one she used atswishedhomemouth

. Christine explained that the toothbrush wasveryhurtblue

soft, and wouldn't hurt as sheranlittleleather

it over Kayla's teeth and gums.

PatientsThereEven

were also different-sized tools thatlookedspittinglots

a little bit like toothpicks. Christine

seeexplainedlet

that she would use these instruments toscrapecleaninghome

a substance called plaque off of


Kayla'swalkedteethhang

.

Kayla protested, “My teeth aren't dirty! Iinstrumentsbrusharen't

them twice a day.”

“Wonderful!” said Christine. “Youwillteethhello

have less plaque to remove thansomeflossran

of the patients

I see. Butwereeverybodyscrape

gets plaque. Even me.” Kayla laughed.NiceThenToothbrush

Christine began cleaning

and brushing Kayla'sceilingteethyou're

.

While she cleaned, she told Kaylalotstraydifferent

of stories. She also explained what sheuseeverybodywas

doing while she worked. After she wasfinishedwonderedbe

, she ran a little tool with asmallexplaineddoing

mirror on the

end of it around Kayla'swhenendmouth

. She said that this was so sherememberednextcould

check her work and make

sure she hadthenlesscleaned

all of Kayla's teeth.

“All right, Kayla.GazeYou'reDay

all finished!” Christine said. “Now, all youbeganfunnyneed

to do is rinse out

yourmouthtoothpickswater

at this sink.” Kayla walked over to thesinksubstancemist

and swished the rinse around in her

workedmouthso

before spitting it down the drain.


STOP

As Kaylaneedsaidleft

the dentist's office, she realized why thepictureleftbrushing

was hung on the ceiling. It

startednoticedwas

nice to gaze at the waterfallwhilegetwill

she was having her teeth cleaned. She hadrightevenmake

imagined that she could feel theusingdentist'smist

as the water hit the pool below.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



9


The New House

“Let's go, everybody,” Mom called as we got in the van. I fastened my seatbelt while Dad

lockedopenedhouse

my brother Ian's wheelchair into place. “Ihugpointedcan't

wait to see our new house!” Mom

criedtroubleinstead

. We were all eager to see it, butnorollhallways

one was more excited than Ian. Afterfrontallplace

, the

house was designed especially for him.

As wetroubledgiantdrove

, I thought about our old house and aboutfaucethowdining

uncomfortable it was for Ian.

First ofsaidallcarry

, his small hands had trouble turning thestilldoorknobssame

. In addition, it was hard for him to

isn'tpulledmove

his wheelchair through the narrow hallways. Histurninggreatestdoorknob

challenge was that he couldn't go

upstairsstairsclapped

by himself. Dad had to carry him. In thehimselfadditionbathroom

, Ian was barely able to reach the

enteredheadedfaucet

handles.

As Mom pulled into thedrivewayroomsreach

, we saw Mr. Sanchez waiting for us. Heexcitedwelcomewas

the

contractor who built the house. Wegogotdoor

out of the van and Ianrolledwheelchairwide

up the ramp that led to the

frontareable

door. Shouting a hearty welcome, Mr. Sanchezshookrolledexplained

Ian's hand and explained that


hewascontractorthought

going to take us on aeagertourusual

of our new home.

Ian opened thelongfronthome

door. Instead of the usual rounddoorknoblovenew

, it had a long, thin handle to

tourtoldturn

. “Hey, this is easy to open,” Iangreatestissaid

.

We entered the living room. Thelookedhallwaywindows

were low so Ian could see out of themterrificeasilyhard

. The

doorway to the dining roomwasthinhead

wide. Mr. Sanchez told us thatwouldallhearty

the doorways in the house

wereroundsowide

.

Mr. Sanchez led us down the widewascan'thallway

to the bathroom. The faucet handles on thesinkdroveno

were long handles, like the doorknobs. Mr. Sanchezalsolet'sseatbelt

pointed out that there were nogotcabinetsmore

underneath the sink. Ian showed usseegavehow

he could roll right up to thecandoorknobssink

and reach the faucet

handles.

As wehandheadedold

down the hallway to the bedrooms, Ianhaveledlooked

troubled. He asked if Dad

wouldstillbrotherlevel

have to carry him up thestairswereshowed

to go to his room.


STOP

Mr. Sanchezturnshookall

his head. “There isn't an upstairs, Ian. All thewhileroomsfirst

are on the same

level, so youlockeddoorwayscan

go everywhere by yourself.”

Ian clapped hiswaitingwe'rehands

and said, “This is a terrificcouldhousegoing

.” Mom gave Ian a giant hug and

theredesignedsaid

, “We're all going to love livingheresinkramp

.”

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



10


The Best Kind of Present

The students were on their way to Dinosaur State Park for a field trip. They were all very excited

aboutdryfactseeing

real dinosaur tracks, and they chatted andit'sexcitedlaughed

as the school bus rolled along. Cody

enoughlookwas

looking forward to seeing the park,watchedwatertoo

, but he was quiet. He hadwheremadesomething

on his

mind.

His teacher, Miss Chen,satmessyvery

down next to him. “You looknexttroubledreally

,” she said. “Is

something wrong?”

“It'stroublesdifferentnothing

serious,” Cody started. “It's just thattomorrowwalkedmix

is my dad's birthday, and I

presentstillpainted

don't have a present for him.” Hedad'ssighedarea

. “I want to get him somethinganotherfunreally

different

this year.”

Miss Chen said thatrolledlaughedperhaps

he would find something great at thelookedworkpark's

gift shop. Cody

nodded, but when Miss Chenreturnedtracksfirst

to her seat, he sighed. Heperfectbucketknew

he didn't have enough

money tobuyeyeswhen

a present.


When they arrived at thefeeldidn'tpark

and went inside the exhibit hall, Codyseatforwardforgot

all his troubles.

It was fantastic! Thepaintedtimedisplays

walls and dinosaur models made Codyfeeltraveledbest

like he had traveled

back inoilexplainedtime

. There were displays of fossils toknewlookmake

at, too. Best of all, though,footprintwerepowder

the

dinosaur footprints in the sandstonemindfloorcheered

. Cody liked the fact that hewasthenmixing

standing right where

dinosaurs had oncewalkedgiftreal

.

After the students watched a movie abouteveryonedinosaursmodels

, Miss Chen led them outside to another

park'sareastudents

with dinosaur footprints. She asked if theysighedmoviewould

like to make a plaster casting of a

seeingrightfootprint

. Everyone clapped and cheered, and Miss Chenexplainedparkwant

that they would each use a

weresatfootprint

as a mold. First, they wouldmixfieldteacher

plaster powder with water in adinosaurbuckettroubled

. Then, they

would rub oil into thedon'tfootprintgot

. Next, they would pour in thesaidplasterserious

. When it was dry, they could

liftsandstonegreat

it out and have their verywasownwalls

dinosaur footprint.

The students got busyfootprintsmixingall

, oiling, and pouring. Cody found that ithalleachwas

messy work,


STOP

but very fun. When hethat'sliftedfossils

up the dry plaster and looked at hisstandingcoulddinosaur

footprint, his eyes lit up.

With abackwrongbig

smile, he told Ms. Chen that he hadjustquietcried

found the perfect present.

“That's great,” shethoughrubcried

. “And best of all,” she added with awinktoldadded

, “it is really different!”

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



11


The Attorney General

Over three hundred million people live in the United States today. There are thousands of laws to

helpingthousandsmake

sure all are treated fairly. The Department of Justicesawhastwo

thousands of law officers, judges,

andlawyersthreeyoung

. They work hard to bring justice torightsalldo

the people.

The Department of Justice is part of the United Stateshonestsometimesgovernment

. This department has many

duties. Two of thebepartmost

important are helping people understand thelargelawswork

and making sure people

follow them.

Themostattendperson

in charge of such a largeaunthundreddepartment

has a lot of responsibility. This

thoughpersongovernment

is the Attorney General. To do thisreportersisjob

, a person must be honest, tough, and

gladwentfair

. He or she must have manyyearschargeheld

of experience in the justice system. President Bill Clinton

surebigsaw

all of these qualities in Janet Reno. Hetriednamedtime

her Attorney General at the start of hiswhentermwant

.

She held this job for eightyearsjobsoffice

.

Janet was the first woman tofairarebe

Attorney General. As a young girl, shebeganlookedmaking

up to the


other women in herfamilysomeright

as role models. At a timewhenhardworked

most women did not have jobs, her

motherpeopleanswer

was a reporter. Her aunt was anarmyfollowalso

nurse. Another aunt flew planes.

Janettermpersonwent

on to study law. When shewasnotflew

done with college, she tried totimesstacksget

a job at a

big lawmustmetfirm

in Florida. They did not want herdaydonebecause

she was a woman. Another officesystemhaswas

glad to have her, though. After afewheadnurse

years, Janet began to work for thestateanotherdid

of Florida. During

this time shelawdutiesworked

hard to protect the rights ofchildrentherefirm

.

As Attorney General, Janet had a lot todoyearsfamily

. Every day she had stacks ofroleoftenpapers

to read

and sign. She also had toattendunderstandfirst

important meetings. She often met withquestionsjudgessuch

, people in the

government, or thetreatedadvicehead

of the FBI to give legaladvicewomenqualities

and ask questions. Sometimes she would

fewmeetplanes

with the President to give himsignrememberadvice

. Other times, she would meet withreporterswomanlooked

to

answer questions.

In all shefairlylegaldid

, Janet worked hard to do whatwaslawsnamed

right. Some people will remember her


STOP

forbeingbringlive

the first woman Attorney General. Most willremembertodaydepartment

her for being honest and fair.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



12


Hank Aaron

The famous baseball player known as Hank Aaron was born in nineteen thirty-four. When he

was a teenager, hisnotfamilycalled

moved to another part of townhitsoteenager

that he and his siblings could

talentedmomentgo

to a different school. His mother andtownotherfather

always encouraged their children to be the

feelbestget

that they could be. So when Hanktwodecidedany

to become a baseball player hebetterstoppedput

all of his

heart into it.

ThirtyEagerlyWhen

Hank was a teenager, he played onsomegofamily

of his city's baseball teams. On these

pitchersteamsbecause

, he just played for fun andhappymotherdid

not earn any money. One day heplayedpartforty

in a game

against a big,certainlyimportantsiblings

team from a city in Indiana. Theagreedteam'sbeat

owner was amazed by young

Hank'sfatherimportanttalent

. He offered him a job as anewplayedprofessional

baseball player.

Hank was very happywouldmadebecause

this man was going to pay him tojobdolast

what he loved—playing

baseball. Withonlyfamouseighteen

two sandwiches and two dollars, Hanktookfansvery

the train to Indiana.

Over thenextpowerwent

few years, Hank played for manyslappingoneother

teams. Each one was better than


thelastmuchexciting

. On every team, Hank's talent made himbigdidstand

out as an important player. Then,titlewhenif

he was twenty, Hank was invited toplayersjoinrattlesnake

a team called the Braves. Heruneagerlysix

agreed. Hank

was playing with thebestfindingyear

players in American baseball.

What made Hanksuchlaterbreaking

a special player? It was hiscouldencouragedspeed

and power when hitting a

baseball.DecidedMostHome

baseball players feel lucky to hitpitchereighteenanother

home runs every year. Hank once

hitsomemark

forty-seven! Baseball pitchers tried toyearstwentytrick

him, but he could always get ainvitedsevenhit

. One

pitcher said that trying tothanrunsfool

Hank was like slapping a rattlesnake.

WhenEachMore

year, Hank made more home runs.BothBaseballSport

fans started to wonder if hewouldfunfour

beat

Babe Ruth. Babe Ruth held theeachsuchtitle

for the most home runs during hiscareerspecialowner

. When Hank hit the

record-breakinggoingoncehome

run, his fans went wild! Itcareerrecordwas

an exciting moment in the history

ofbaseballtookbecome

.

Six years later, Hank stopped playing baseball. Hestandbeganfew

a new job finding talented


STOP

youngschoolheldplayers

and helping them to succeed at thebornsportwild

he loved so much. This rolewasnextmoved

perfect

for Hank. He is aputroleoffered

model, both on and off thefielddayalways

, and has certainly left his mark on the

everysporthelping

of baseball.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



13


Known for Courage

Leaping across the boulders leading to the lighthouse, Ida pulled her shawl tightly around her.

“What a busy morning it's going toaloudblewbe

,” she said aloud. Ida knew thatsomeoneifhear

she didn't clean

the prisms on thelighthousereachedcouldn't

light, it wouldn't be bright enough tocouldoarshelp

guide the sailors entering

the harbor.

BusyMovingWhen

she reached the small lighthouse, Idaleadingpulledbright

open the heavy door and stepped inside.

Shedaysecondsput

out the oil lamp and trimmed thewickpulledwere

before relighting it. She finished therestbarelyslid

of

her chores quickly. She wanted togetbecamechores

back home before the big stormlampblewshort

in. Making her way

back to herit'saboardhouse

, Ida heard the cries of gulls and theheavywavesblast

of a horn from a ship atseaislandsomeone's

.

As the hours passed, the daybackbecameheard

gray and bleak. A frosty chillsaidenoughsettled

on the island. The

wind grewdangerouscryingmore

forceful. Inside, Ida had moved hergrewblastchair

closer to the fire and picked up her

mendingwouldran

basket when she heard a voicearmscryingwind

, “Help! Someone's drowning!”

In an instant, Idamorninggullsleapt

from her chair and ran out of thetiltfinishedhouse

, calling for her brother to


follow. Shehalfwaylighthousewas

moving too quickly to hear hergoingneighbor'sbasket

plea. “Stop! It's dangerous!” the

neighborbeshoutedone

, but Ida couldn't hear her voice over thecriescrashingnoticed

waves.

Seconds later, she was rowing theboatcallingstruggle

through the choppy seas. Even though her

neighborhelparms

were strong from years of rowingbackbigif

and forth to the mainland, Ida had toneighbor'sstruggleslamming

to

keep the boat on course.QuicklyHalfwayAlso

out, a huge wave crashed into thebowmovedwater

, causing the boat to tilt to

leapingoneleapt

side. Ida barely noticed the wave or thewateropentrimmed

at her feet. Instead, she held herfirsttoogaze

on

the two men bobbing in thewaterlaterfire

ahead.

Straining to pull the oars through the water, shesmallslidmen

the boat beside the first man. Ida

gaspingtriedinstead

to steady the boat against thewantedcleanslamming

waves. Her brother pulled the manaboardstormsaw

. At that

moment, she saw thepassedsavingsecond

man disappear beneath the water for amoremainlandshort

time. She could tell

that hisstrengthsecondsteady

was running out.

Minutes later, theoilkeepsecond

man was also safely in theforcefulboatinstant

, and Ida had turned the boat


STOP

towardheldguideshore

. The two men, gasping for air,gazetriedprisms

to thank Ida and her brother forknewturnedsaving

them.

“What would you do if youwouldn'tboatsaw

someone drowning?” she said calmly.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



14


The Perfect Topping

On Thursday, everyone in class went around and named their favorite foods. Tonya said her

favorite food was theturnedwaterpizza

her family made. After school was over, sheagreedwaitedtonight

with Megan for the

bus.

“Do youthingreallygot

make your own pizza?” Megan asked. “Isaidlovethought

pizza, but I've never made

it.IsPerfectlyWaited

it hard?”

“No, it's easy!” said Tonya. “IfGrilledPotato

our parents let us, do youwantservedsprinkled

to come over for

dinner tomorrow?EagerWe'reAdded

making it then.”

Megan was eager tolovetrycalled

it, and their parents agreed, so thediscussedhardnext

day Megan went to

Tonya's house. On thebroughtwholeway

, they discussed what toppings to put on theirspreadpizzasalt

.

“You'd be surprised by what youpepperscanso

put on a pizza,” Tonya said. “LotsCouldn'tPan

of things

you'd never think ofdinnercanpotatoes

make really good toppings.”

Megan alwayssuggestedorderedmixed

the same thing on her pizza:pantryseenmushrooms

and green peppers. She


wondered whattookelsecook

she could try.

As dinnertime approached, Tonya'scoolbrotherslices

started making the dough by mixingnextdinnertimeflour

,

water, salt, and yeast. He let Tonya and Megandoughtastetry

it, and Megan thought it wasdeliciousyou'dfamily

.

Tonya's parents opened the pantry forchoosetoppingexcited

ideas. “What shall we put on ittonightflavorsbus

?” her

mom asked.

Tonya suggested angreatonionwe're

, and then Tonya's brother got outwonderedsomeput

potatoes. Megan had

never seen potatoes on arolledpizzareally

before. She tried to think what shecouldtoppinghot

choose that would be a

good,unusualaskedwant

topping.

“What if we put applebrotherslicestoo

on the pizza?” Megan suggested. Everyoneagreedcheesehelped

that was a

great idea. While Tonya'sparentscomeideas

prepared the toppings, Megan grated cheese and Tonya and her

brotherdotried

rolled the dough flat and put it in thedadtablepan

. They spread sauce on it and Meganthingssprinkledsome

on the cheese. Tonya's dad put on thesetovengrilled

onion and her mom added thefoodsaucepotatoes

and apple


STOP

slices. Then they put thecarefulwholeonion

thing in the oven to cook.

As Meganhelpedgoodmade

Tonya set the table, she wasopenedbiteexcited

by the thought of their pizza. She

toppingscouldn'tprepared

wait to taste it.

“Careful, it'shouseeasyhot

,” called Tonya's father as he brought it out. Hemushroomscutclass

it into slices

and served everyone, andelsewhenown

it was cool enough, Megan took abitecutfoods

.

The sweet flavors of the appleneverslicesfavorite

mixed perfectly with the grilled onion andwasbepotato

.

Thrilled, Megan turned to Tonya. “Now yourfavoritemixingpizza

food is my favorite food, too!” shemaketastesaid

.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



15


Being a Plumber

When people wake up and prepare for the day ahead, they expect to have hot and cold water.

When they are ready to brush theirhappensteethfew

, they turn on the faucet forpeoplealsocold

water. Warm water

makes for atreatmentcomfortablecompletely

bath or shower. Clean water flows into theconnectcleansink

, shower, or tub. Then it

drains down and out through thewellpipeswashing

.

A hundred years ago very fewtoiletcasepeople

had hot and cold running water.LinesMostBath

people had an

outhouse in thetankarebackyard

. Very few had indoor toilets. They had tosewerpumpgo

water from a well. If they

verywantedprepare

hot water, they had to pumpruncoldhome

water and then heat it on thehowstovewhen

.

Plumbers are the workers who makeallneedrunning

water possible. Plumbers know how tosingleconnectcoming

all the pipes and valves thatagobringmake

water into a home. They alsocarryvalvesknow

how to get the wastewater out

of theturnplumbershouse

to the sewer. These sewer pipesgroundteethcarry

wastewater to the treatment plant.

Waterisfaucetshot

also brought to our homes throughouthousetherepipes

. These pipes are buried in the

groundpipesamount

along the streets. When a newsplitnothouse

is built, the city installs amightwaterhundred

meter, a branch


STOP

pipe, and acutwateryears

-off valve near the house. Thewaterbranchjust

meter measures the amount of water that

cityisget

used in the house. The plumberapartmentuseswill

the branch pipe to connect asupplyaheaddo

line. The cut-off

valve lets aplumberrunningif

turn off all of the waterbringemergenciescoming

into the house in case ofemergencieswantedtwo

.

Inside the house, the single linevalvesupplycoming

in is split into two. One of thesebroughtlinesfix

feeds water

into the hot waterhousetankday

. From there, pipes go to all thehotmeterother

water faucets in the house. The

problemotherready

line feeds water to all theplantcoldlets

-water faucets and to the toilets.

PlumbersBackyardTub

know how to provide people with theworkerswaterexpect

they need for cooking, cleaning, and

sinkwashingstart

. Sometimes a part of the plumbing in afeedspossiblehouse

or an apartment breaks. A toilettimemightpump

start to run water all thetimebreaksshower

. A faucet might not turn offdrainsheatcompletely

. When that happens, it is

time tosometimescallprovide

the plumber, who will know just what tocookingfaucetdo

to fix the problem.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



16


The Invention of the Vacuum

Pet hair, dust, dirt, and cookie crumbs can all add up to make a carpet a dirty mess. It's time to

get out thethinkingmopsvacuum

cleaner! Plug it in, and insimplejusteasy

a few minutes the carpet isthancleansuck

again.

It wasn't so simple in the past. Before theinventionwheelsdid

of vacuum cleaners, floors were cleaned

withbroomshairsat

, brushes, and mops. To get abackbreakingcarpethousekeepers

really clean, it had to bereallyhungenough

up

outdoors and beaten with sticks. Itlaterwasman

backbreaking, unpleasant work.

Inventors looked fornotwayscart

to make the job easier. Thewerefirstplug

sweeping machine appeared in

1858. Itwasmadehung

a brush with wheels on ahandleairappeared

. The brush spun around when pushed,timesweepinggot

up dirt. This machine worked about ashandlewouldwell

as a broom, but it couldcallnotrug

pick up dirt that was deep

in acarpetcreatedjust

. Housekeepers still had to beat theircarpetsinsteadcookie

to get all the dirt out.

Afewpetfeet

years later, an inventor came up with adirtysomachine

that would suck the dirt up,hoseratherlooked

than brush it around. The suctionhousekeeperwasused

created by a small fan inside themachinewasn'tthanks

. There was

no motor to drive thecatchfancleaning

, however. Instead, it had a crank that thehousekeeperpickit's

turned by hand.


Turning this crankmachinefastinvention

enough and long enough to clean amesspopularwhole

rug was tiring! This

machine didnotwheninventor

catch on.

Around the beginning of thecleangettwentieth

century, someone got the idea that agoodmachineyears

that

blew air could be used fortwentiethideacleaning

floors. This machine was not populareithersuccesswork

. All it did was

blow thedirtsmalltiring

around!

Finally, a year later, amancarpetvery

invented a machine with a motor thathoweverfewsucked

dirt up. However,

this machine wasmakehugebroom

! It sat on a cart that wasbepulledfirst

by horses. People would call themansuctionwhole

when they wanted their floors cleaned. Hewouldclosetssweeping

park the cart outside the house andpulledcleaneruse

a

hose that was one hundredbeatenfeetwas

long to suck up the dirt. It wasnotbrushhouse

easy, but it did a very

wayssuckedgood

job of cleaning.

This man's successstillgotbrushes

other inventors thinking, and it wasn'tyearaddlong

before someone made

the first smallcrankelectricsticks

vacuum cleaner. Thanks to its smalluselongsize

, people could store it in


STOP

theirsizeclosetscleaned

. Thanks to its electric motor, it washorseswelleasy

to use. And thanks to all thesecleveroutdoorsthere

inventors, cleaning a carpet is ajobworkedquick

and simple job today!

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



17


The People's Artist

You might not know his name, but you may have seen his pictures. His art brings to mind the

goodshowedworking

old days of small town America. Thosedayspopularpainted

may be gone, but people stilloftenloveactually

the

art of Norman Rockwell.

Normanwasconsidermade

born in New York City. He knew from ayoungmoneynormal

age that he wanted to be an

artistlivespreferred

. He actually left high school early tomanstudyborn

art full time. It wasn't long before heconfusewasartwork

earning money for his artwork. He waspaintingtimeonly

eighteen when he was hired by adifferentmagazinelet

to be its

art director.

Atwasageeveryone

twenty-two, a magazine called the Saturday Evening Postputartistsquares

one of his

paintings on itsletterscoverseen

. This was a great honor forlovesuchordinary

a young man. The Saturday Evening Post

wasonesimpleworry

of the most popular magazines in America at thatinterestmaytime

. Over the next few decades,

Norman'sschoolbeartwork

appeared on the cover of the “Evening Post”womanmorepaint

than three hundred times.

Many of Norman'sartistspaintingsfew

showed ordinary moments of life in America. Theyshowedstillhired


children playing and people working at theirjobsnotmany

. Norman painted these scenes with charm and

magazineshumorplaying

. They showed the good side oflifecharmingother

and made people feel happy andpeoplehundredproud

. He

often told people that hesadjustmight

couldn't paint sad pictures.

His paintingswantedthanwere

very different from the work ofotherpaintingswasn't

artists of that time. These

artistshappyweretimes

making modern art. They did notpaintcouldn'tcalled

scenes in a normal way. Forsideyounginstance

, a

painting of a woman by amodernmoreage

artist might be made up ofmagazinescribblesbags

, drips of paint, or circles and

squareseighteennext

. These artists looked down on Norman'sonlyjustwork

. They said it was dull. Theywarmthdidfeel

not

consider him a good artist.

Butmodernlifesending

art did not interest Norman. Heweredidwanted

to paint pictures that everyone would

like,dripsdirectornot

pictures that would confuse or worrycharmpeoplehonor

. And many people preferred Norman's

simple,circlesscribblescharming

scenes to modern art. They let himknowgoodhigh

by sending him bags and bags of

fanearlylooked

letters. Even after his death, hissuchartlong

lives on. Today people still love hisitspicturesbrings

for their


STOP

warmth and humor, and formakingleftmost

them smile.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



18


The News Team

It is 1956, and people all across the country are turning on their television sets to watch the

evening news. On one channel, two men deliver thecollegeclevernews

. One is serious, and the otheragainletsloved

a

spark of wit and humorshowonewould

in his reports. They make aschoolperfectmore

team. For the next several years,

theirnewsdidspark

program is number one in themencountrywriters

.

The serious member of this teamthingreportsis

Chet Huntley. The other is David Brinkley, who

televisionnumberwas

born in North Carolina in nineteen twenty. Hiscareerwasn'tjust

as a news reporter began when he

wasclearlyfact

a teenager. He wrote articles about hisdeliverenjoyedhigh

school for a newspaper owned by a

newspapersmemberpeople

of his family. After high school, heenoughbetterwent

to college for a while. Then henightstartedowned

working as a reporter again, writingpartnernewsborn

stories for many newspapers. He made theswitchhighcountry

from

newspaper to radio during the Second World War.SoonFeelingLasted

a new invention started to catch on:

lookedtelevisionprogram

! It wasn't long before Brinkley beganarticlesisn'tgiving

news reports on TV.

What made Brinkleyansweredlittleso

good at what he did? First ofgivingwayall

, he was a good writer.


STOP

Hebeganbecausecould

explain a news story clearly withworkingreporterjust

a few words. Younger news writerslookedperfectvery

up to him. From him theylearnedmindwhile

that good writing could make theirmadeworkall

better.

Second, he did more thanjustothercame

read the news. His wit andcleverbenineteen

mind always came

through. He onceshowfriendlysaid

that the only way to do news on TVishumorsets

not to be scared of it. He

saidnotnews

that most of the news isn'tyoungerverybrought

important. In fact, he thought verylittlewarmare

of it was.

He was serious about hisreadworkwrote

, though. In fact, he and histwentywitpartner

on the news show did not

like theeachendingnewspaper

of their show because they felt itteamwriterwas

not serious enough. Each night at the

twoendnew

of the show, David said, “Goodtoldnightwatch

, Chet.” Chet then answered, “Good night, David.” They

makeendingboth

thought this was silly, but peoplewatchingsillyonce

the show loved it. They liked theinventionswitchwarm

and

friendly feeling it brought to the newsletsshowold

.

Brinkley's career lasted for over fortyendexplainyears

, and he enjoyed all of it. Heeveningtoldwriting

his son

that if he weretwentylongscared

years old, he would do thewentsamewere

thing all over again.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



19


Money

Most people have seen money, but few have seen it being created. Keep reading to find out

wheremoneymintsusing

comes from and how it isbillmetalsmade

.

In the United States, money comes in thecontainedsafetyform

of coins and paper bills. Newonlymachinecoins

are

made every day at one ofusesbagsfour

places in the country. These specialbegovernmentplaces

are called mints.

To make aholdingcoinhave

, a machine feeds huge rolls ofmakefindflat

metal into the side of another

stampsduplicatedmachine

. Different coins use different metals. Then theyearagosecond

machine cuts the flat metal into

moresilkcalled

than thirty thousand round pieces, likedriedloadedusing

cookie cutters on dough. The metallargecutterspieces

come out of the machine shaped likecoinswhereday

, but they are blank. The piecessheetscannotare

heated and cooled.

Then they arewashedeachhow

and dried. Next they go tocanfewanother

machine. This machine presses each round

placeswhenpiece

into a mold of a coin.DoughCarsNew

, shiny coins come pouring out of themachinewatermarkscomes

. The coins are

counted and put intomoldhugecounted

bags. The bags are loaded ontokindsmadearmored

cars. Now they are ready to

becooledpiece

safely delivered to banks across thebeinggetcountry

.


STOP

Paper bills are printed in Washington, D.C., and Forth Worth, Texas.CountryGoesEach

of these

locations prints millions oflightworkdollars

worth of bills each year.

Theputprintingused

of bills begins with large sheets ofcoinpeopleblank

paper. Unlike other kinds of paper,

thespecialsuchsee

paper the government uses for thebanksbillsshiny

does not get soggy if itlocationspapergets

wet or is run

through thewashingreadycookie

machine. The paper is made ofifcottonpresses

and linen. Bills made one hundred

yearstoomoney

ago even contained silk.

The hugesideblankpouring

sheets of paper enter a machine thatblankrealstamps

the paper with ink and cuts it

intocreatedbillsprinted

. The machine uses special ink thatfourunlikecannot

be duplicated. There are many othercreatingsafetythen

features on the bills, too, such asspecialwatermarksgo

that can only be seen whenholdingdifferentdelivered

a bill up to the

light. Thishelpsfeaturessure

people make sure that the money theytherearecuts

spending is real. As you can

hundredseewashed

, a lot of work goes intocreatingroundis

the money that is used each andformeverywashing

day.

STOP

Practice 1


to wash her hands.

Practice 2


an ice cream truck.

Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

C: __________________________

I: __________________________

AS: __________________________



20


The Harper House

One hundred years ago, the Harper House was the grandest in town. The Harper family gave

parties inwereplaceits

ballroom, and the gardens were theperfectplayedenvy

of everyone. But then the familywasnowlost

their money, and they moved away. Forwantedyearsfixed

the house stood empty. The roofwhenpartfell

in, the walls

sagged, and weedsfamilytookhelped

over the gardens.

But today the Harper Housedecoratedesigneris

beautiful once more, thanks to thebelievesfinishedefforts

of the town's

Park Department. The head of the Park Departmentfloorsolderexplained

, “We wanted to save the house

becauseusefulsits

it is part of our town'shistorybecausemoved

. Now it is beautiful and useful,wouldtooplanned

.”

Workers and builders fixed the walls,meetingsroofhelp

, and floors. When repairs were finished, it

agowasdid

time to decorate inside. The decoratorspiecewantedbeautiful

everything to look just like itchoosetoodid

one

hundred years ago. They studiedoldcurtainsbe

photographs and drawings of the house. Thishelpedworkerslarge

them

choose the right curtains, artwork, andwilloldfurniture

.

Then it was time to restore theeverythinglawnthere

and gardens. For this job, thedirectorbackyardtown's

hired May


Chen, an expert gardener andlandscapechildrenfell

designer. She believes landscaping is veryhouseimportanttoday

to the

appearance of a house. Shelandscapingwantedartwork

the yard to be as pretty as thejustsaggedhouse

.

Designing the landscape for the Harper Housewasexpertfuture

a challenge for Ms. Chen. Because the

houselivedright

is very big and sits on acouldgardenerhuge

piece of land, she needed toplanroofbuilders

flower beds that were

very large.PhotographsDirectorFlower

beds of a normal size wouldlookalsohead

too small.

Like the decorators, Ms. Chenstudiedplanonce

old photographs of the house. Shelookemptyalso

talked to

older people in town. The Harpergoldfishthanksfamily

still lived in the house whenhistorysomepicnics

of these people were

children. They hadballroomplayedstroll

in the gardens and could stillrememberappearancepretty

what the gardens looked like.

Onesaveweedsman

told her about a little goldfishponddesigninglandscape

in the backyard. With his help, shemoneyitsplanned

one just like it.

The Park Departmentfurnitureflowerhas

big plans for the house now.NeededThereSize

will be town meetings

and parties in thetoldballroomhas

, and part of the house willbigsmallbe

a museum. People will be able


STOP

tostillrepairsstroll

and have picnics in the gardens, and itveryisstudied

the perfect place for weddings. The Harper

House isgardensnormalpart

of the town's history. Now itwallshiredis

part of its future, too!

Benchmark 3



DIBELS® Next Student MaterialsNonsense Word Fluency

Progress Monitoring

Roland H. Good III

Ruth A. Kaminski

with:




®


Benchmark 3

Nonsense Word Fluency Progress Monitoring

sog mip

DIBELS® Progress Monitoring Page 2Nonsense Word Fluency Progress Monitoring 1

Benchmark 3

hif mez un jaf roc

l iv rem vam ov luf

yej l ig zat hof puj

ib maj wos keb ruk

ug jin pag bom sez

des woj lut rav zi l

kun aj yim rev kol

huf soz zas dif em

ked tov zuv paf j ip

vap id muj sec sol



Benchmark 3


ris baj uk zom het

foj muc yeb iv baf

yaz mol zet pid luv

im loz jeg kal fub

ot juf fal neb diz

huc wiv mes pav zol

dus oj jes t iz mak

rud sej wac mis os

bis bez jav tuf joc

zin ub tej bal lof



Benchmark 3


sek tav og yuk l i l

mav nef vif uz non

jez fid yud mot sav

ep poz zal suf bi l

od vi l teb nuc nav

dep zoj ras luz wic

bof ev zun fav mim

dom tiv zes haf un

lol ni j jaj puc zem

yef um miv pof pac



Benchmark 3


lun naj ec zob tig

bov fim vac uj hed

wov dek vun hac riv

af huz vim seg nop

oc zeb kam tul hiz

nad zez rop ruj wis

lak ij wun boz kec

pib bav wuc bol ek

meb maj juv dit zok

yec ob niz buc rak



Benchmark 3


l im saj ug yot fep

dej tas yop ij dun

zov sal yit ped muv

ic kav veg dop kuk

ul waf pok mel biv

ret vuv hin roj jad

fen av zot biz lud

sug dij yat nog el

mef piz zav pul zof

wob em hij kas kuc



Benchmark 3


hos bev ab zut mig

pav loc yeg uj t id

jev sif jop tac tuz

ib mev jus bac kon

ud vaf kel fod riz

ses yuj mon rij vad

dat iv zuf lov neg

bas miz jom mep uc

rik fez zuj pon wam

zon id fej maf duk



Benchmark 3


nim duz ak zek dok

rav l in vod ev nus

vez kac yib duc hoj

op ti j jak det nup

ef yof pik nub laj

sok yij def raj vus

faf oj weg niv lum

fom kij wal mec ut

lef mij vuj mog vas

vib ap ruz reg mof



Benchmark 3


nam muz et wom fip

doj las zef uv fis

zoz tem vid lub faj

ag doz vis tuc pec

uf wik tet mod dav

dec viv rom daj yuf

fob az zib fev ruf

hes koj wus kig ac

hal luj ziv kod wem

vut eb paj hib noc



Benchmark 3


s id buj eg vok hab

soj feg zac uz mid

juz hak wif nem moz

ig koz jum nep kat

om zel sac fik nuz

laf wej kip puv von

sas ov yic sev tum

bes kaj yug hi l ol

sup mov yav sep vig

jol en puz lac mil



Benchmark 3


sen nuv ip wat nok

nav pum ved iv fof

ziz tol zan duf nev

ut moj jeb tis mas

al jun nek fol piv

hom jij kaf dez yup

sof i j jul taj hef

kem hoz zim sak un

lus rej yoj ral z is

yab op pij sel tun



Benchmark 3


pip duv ak wot lep

fuz mek yig aj nof

yuv kot yep sim laj

ec nov yag tup dib

uk yek hob bik sav

dof zaz del hiz jub

bod av zed kiz dul

fem foz yal l is ul

bem pav yiv num vom

yis ap tez buf pos



Benchmark 3


nid tev ab wug lon

boz bak zus iv nes

zuz l if yob nec kaj

ek bov yaf dup mib

od jef mif fas kuj

bab yov bub fiz vec

sed ov wuf daj rit

dak loj wum kic el

fac lev juj hig yon

jep oc l i j dal lu l



Benchmark 3


nug bej ol zam sig

kiv som ven uz kad

voz fet jud mal riv

im sev zop tud raf

ud jel pic nac boj

f i l woz pas suj zeg

pol av vip buv sef

rec biv yom fud ac

kak dov zej nul yik

vek af nij sot mul



Benchmark 3


mab soz uc wec ric

suz nic veb aj moc

jiv sul wep poc tav

ob mav zud leb bif

eg jup dob l ic dav

bip wev nal foj juk

pob uv yad biz tef

lok kav yul pem ik

t ik hov wez hud wak

wek um fav fos ri l



Benchmark 3


tok t iz ep vaf dut

hej sim zuc az kos

vev kan wuk fon dij

ig paj jok fel kup

es wi l mag tob kuz

pab yev sos huj zif

lat i j wef fov buk

pel s iv zaf nos uf

hod buj yiz ren wan

wub og lav bip bek



Benchmark 3


t ik tev ot wak rul

poj t ig yad uj feb

wuz hoc yi l taf dev

eb sij wol nan kud

em vup fap fid moz

dit joz dem taj wup

tuk oj jed mij nak

mok kev vab luk id

fif kez wuv nom yas

jod ug hiv kef bap



Benchmark 3


kap tuz ib yel rof

naj bul yog iv fef

yov huk vi l rac lej

ag l iv jos tes hup

os zas t is nuk rev

pog vuv dap tez wis

daf ev zul foz t i l

kop saj zif hul ef

rek raj zuj ros zim

yan ub koj min fek



Benchmark 3


kot nez uf val hib

nav tel wif ov hup

yuv kik zep nan lov

em miz wod rud kak

og yus mak teg ti j

t id voz fum bav yed

luf aj yib hoz pef

nom suv jek dat ic

rab suz vez bos yi l

wen ob bij fud sal



Benchmark 3


kup tej ab woc fis

huv non zed ij sak

zav reb yol pik luj

ac pez zuf bik mog

ec wuf nog dak siz

rep yuz fol rav j ik

bef oj zi l fuz faf

mos fez vis pag um

tak buv woj hin vec

vep od fuj l i l laf



Benchmark 3


kek fiv os zul hal

luv ras jof iv peb

yiz lus yel kam toz

ub sez zod fas hi l

ap zup heg bif moj

nic yav lud nej zog

nof uv zak sej bi l

pim dej jun lan op

bas tuv wej tog wic

jem ug tiv rog kal


Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills

Grade 3 DAZE Scoring

Progress Monitoring



DIBELS® Next AdministrationDirections and Scoring Keys

Daze/Level 3Progress Monitoring

Roland H. Good III

Ruth A. Kaminski

with:




®

®

DazeG3/Progress Monitoring

Directions: Make sure you have reviewed the scoring rules in the DIBELS Assessment Manual and have them available. Say these specific directions to the students:

1. Before handing out the worksheets, say I am going to give you a worksheet. When you get your

worksheet, please write your name at the top and put your pencil down. Hand out the Daze

student worksheets. Make sure each student has the appropriate worksheet.

When all of the students are ready, say You are going to read a story with some missing words.

For each missing word there will be a box with three words. Circle the word that makes the

most sense in the story. Look at Practice 1.

Listen. After playing in the dirt, Sam went (pause) home, summer, was (pause) to wash her

hands. You should circle the word “home” because “home” makes the most sense in the story.

Listen. After playing in the dirt, Sam went home to wash her hands.

Now it is your turn. Read Practice 2 silently. When you come to a box, read all the words in the

box and circle the word that makes the most sense in the story. When you are done, put your

pencil down.

Allow up to 30 seconds for students to complete the example and put their pencils down. If

necessary, after 30 seconds say Put your pencil down.

2. As soon as all students have their pencils down, say Listen. On her way home, she (pause) chair,

sleep, saw (pause) an ice cream truck. You should have circled “saw” because “saw” makes

the most sense in the story. Listen. On her way home, she saw an ice cream truck.

When I say “begin,” turn the page over and start reading the story silently. When you come to a

box, read all the words in the box and circle the word that makes the most sense in the story.

Ready? Begin. Start your stopwatch after you say “begin.”

3. Monitor students to ensure they are reading and circling the words. Use the reminders as needed.

4. At the end of 3 minutes, stop your stopwatch and say Stop. Put your pencil down. Collect all of the Daze worksheet packets.

Timing 3 minutes. Start your stopwatch after you say “begin.”

Reminders If the student starts reading the passage out loud, say Remember to read the story silently. (Repeat as often as needed.)

If the student is not working on the task, say Remember to circle the word in each box that makes the most sense in the story. (Repeat as often as needed.)

If the \ student asks you to provide a word for them or, in general, for help with the task, say Just do your best. (Repeat as often as needed.)

G3/Directions

Race Car Driver

A checkered flag waves. A line of cars takes off. It's the Indianapolis Five Hundred, one 1

of the mostfamous

car races in the world. Manypeople

dream of driving one of the sleek , fast 4

cars around the track. It's adream

that comes true for only afew

people, but some find great 6

success at the Indy Five Hundred.One

of these people is Bobby Unser. 7

Bobbybegan

racing in his home state of New Mexico assoon

as he learned to drive. 9

He soonwas

bringing home trophy after trophy in local races, but he longed to win the Indy 11

Five Hundred. He got one step closer to his dreamwhen

he started racing cars at the track in 14

Indianapolis. It took six years ofattempts

, but he finally won the Indianapolis Five Hundred! He 15

wenton to win the Indy Five Hundred three

timesin all. Between those races, he

competedin 18

and won many smaller races. 18

Bobby became very popular with the public. Toycompanies

made small race cars and 20

othertoys

with his name on them. Children loved imitating their racing hero with these toys . 23

Daze Scoring Key G3/Progress Monitoring 1

G3/Progress Monitoring 1 Page 1

Thousands of fans loved Bobby and cheered for him when he raced. 24

However, Bobby wasn't the only one from his family wholoved

racing. His father and two 26

unclesall

drove race cars. Bobby's brother, Al Unser, also raced in the Indy Five Hundred and 28

won therace

four times in all. Al Unser'sson

has even won twice! Bobby's twoother

31

brothers did some racing, and Bobby'ssons

also have raced. In addition, hisdaughter

is now a race 33

car driver. Sheis

the first girl in the family to race . Over the years, their family hasdriven

36

in over a hundred races and won thirty-seven times! That is a lot ofraces

for one family. 38

Today, Bobby isthankful

for his many years of success andhappiness

racing cars. He 40

stopped racing yearsago

, but he stays busy working, flying hisairplane

, and spending time with 42

family andfriends

. Even though he doesn't race anymore, hecertainly

hasn't slowed down! 44



A Jazz Composer

In the nineteen twenties, a young boy heard some exciting new music on the radio. He had never

heard anything like it, and from thatmoment

he was hooked. The boy's namewas

Charles 2

Mingus, and the music heheard

was big band jazz. Charles wouldgrow

up to be a great 4

jazzcomposer

. 5

Charles was born in Arizona andgrew

up in California. When he was avery

young 7

boy, he spent many hours at hischurch

listening to traditional gospel music. Hewas

eight years 9

old when he firstheard

jazz music on the radio. Theloud

sounds of the trumpets thrilled him. He 11

beganlistening to the radio more often, always trying to find more of that music . A couple of 14

years later, he got a trombone. He chose that instrument because he had seen one at church and he 16

thought it sounded like a trumpet. 17

He started practicing right away, but the trombone was not a good match for him and he 19

neverlearned to play it very well.

Eventually, he stopped taking lessons. His father

later22



traded the trombone for a cello, an instrument with strings that is played with abow

. This was 24

a much better match for Charles. His teachers were impressed by his talent. 25

Yearslater

, Charles switched instruments again, this timetrading

his cello for a bass. The 27

bassis similar to the cello, but it

ismuch bigger. Charles practiced by playing along with 29

theradio

. After only three days, he played hisnew

instrument in a concert! 31

When Charles was ateenager

, he started writing his own music. He would play these new 33

songs when heperformed

. Pretty soon, famous bands were playing hismusic

too! Even though 35

Charles wanted tomake

a living as a musician, he needed to earn more money. As ayoung

38

man, he moved to New York City towork

for the Postal Service. 39

This turned out to be a good move for him. Many of thegreatest

jazz musicians of 41

the time lived in New York, and Charlesmet

them all. Soon he was playing concerts with them 43

and writing more music. Hewent

on to become one of themost

important jazz composers of our 45



time. Themusic

styles of his childhood, gospel andbig

band jazz, often came together in his 47

music.Years

later, his music still sounds fresh. 48



Long Key State Park

Schools of colorful fish swim through sparkling blue water next to smooth, white beaches. A

bright green lizard darts up the trunk of a tree. Tall, pink birds withlong

legs search for tasty 2

shrimp. Thesecolorful

sights are just a few of the things visitors can see at Long Key State Park 4

in Florida. Thistropical

island is a great place towalk

, canoe, swim, and fish. It is also a great 7

place to just lie on thebeach

under the warm Florida sun! 8

Thepark

offers three choices of nature trails. The Golden Orb Trailis

named for a kind 10

of spider thatlives

in the area. The trail takesvisitors

on an easy walk along the beach . It also 13

passes through a swampy thicket and tropical woods. It is interesting to see the different 15

kinds of plants that grow in each area. There is a tall tower at the end of the trail . It gives 18

visitors a bird's-eyeview

of the beach and ocean. 19

Birdlovers

will enjoy walking on the Layton Trail. Itleads

to a point where many tropical 21

birds come to hunt in the shallowwater

. A flock of bright pink flamingoscatching

tiny 24



shrimp is an exciting sight! 24

Thethird

trail is not for walking, though. Itis

for canoes. Visitors can rent a 26

canoeand paddle it through the shallow, clear ponds that lie behind the beach. Many 29

tropical plants, birds, fish, and otheranimals

live in the water. This trailis

a great way to get a 31

closelook at them. 32

The park offersother

things to do besides hiking. Thebeautiful

beaches and sparkling water 34

invite visitors to play in the ocean waves. Many visitors try their hand at fishing. There are 36

placesfor picnics, as well. 37

Some people like to camp at the park. Each campsite has aview

of the ocean. After a full 39

dayof fun in the sun, campers

canenjoy a quiet evening with the breeze blowing across the 42

water. They go to sleep to the sound of the waves on thebeach

. Those who wake up early can 44

watch the sun come up over theocean

. Visitors might stay the night orjust

come for the day, 47



but theywill

all leave with great memories of theirtime

at Long Key State Park. 49



A New Idea

Have you ever looked at a tool you use and thought of a way you could improve it? Such a thing

happened to Maggie. One day, Maggie was doing her mathhomework

when the lead broke on 2

her pencil , so she stopped what she wasdoing

and went to the pencil sharpener. A few 5

minutes later, she went back to the math problem, but she could not recall where she was in the 7

solution. She had tostart

over from the beginning. That gave her anidea

. She thought 9

pencils should have abuilt

-in sharpener. Maggie concentrated on herhomework

until it was 11

complete, but shecould

not stop thinking about her idea. 12

Thatnight

at dinner, Maggie told her dad about her idea . Dad encouraged Maggie to think 14

more about her idea by making a drawing of what the pencil would look like. Maggie got a 16

notebook and began making sketches. She drew many designs, but the one she liked best looked 18

like aregular

pencil. It had a removable top thatheld

an eraser and a sharpener. 20

Thatweekend

, Maggie showed her drawing to herdad

. Together, they used pencils and 22



othermaterials

to make a working model of Maggie'ssharpening

pencil. They tried many times 24

and used a lot of pencils. At last, they had afunctioning

model. Maggie tried it on her homework 27

the next week. It really worked! When her pencil broke, Maggie had what she needed to sharpen 29

it. When she made a mistake , she had what she needed toerase

it. 31

Maggie loved her new pencil. Andwhen

her friends saw it, they all wanted sharpening 33

pencils, too. Maggie showed themhow

they could make their own. Shewondered

if there were 35

other things shecould

improve. She started to look for them. One night, as she got up from 37

bedto get a drink of water, she thought how nice it would be if instead of putting on her 40

slippers and then turning on the light, she couldhave

her slippers automatically light up when she 42

putthem on. Maggie was excited to think she might have another great invention. 44



The Nurse

Jason and his mother were in the waiting room of the doctor's office. He leaned on his mother's

arm andasked

why he had to see thedoctor

. Mom stroked Jason's forehead with herfingers

. 3

“Because you are sick and weneed

to get some medicine for you.”Suddenly

, someone called his 5

name. A man in white pants and a white smock waswaiting

for them at the doorway. 7

“Ihear

you're not feeling too well today,” theman

said. “Let's see if we can 9

fixyou up!” He showed Jason out of the lobby and asked him to step on a

scale. He wrote 12

down Jason's weight andthen

he measured his height. Then the man in the white pants and white 14

smockrecorded that number, too. 15

“Why did youneed

to measure and weigh me?” asked Jason. 16

“Because

we want to make sure that you are a healthy weight, and to seehow

19

much you've grown recently,” the man explained . “Your weight also helps us decidehow

much 21

medicine to give you.” Theman

led Jason and his mom to asmall

room and took Jason's 23



temperature while hetold

them how all this information helps the doctor decide how to treat the 25

illness. 25

Jason was surprised. “I thought you were the doctor !” 27

The man chuckled, “No, I'm Nurse Doug. Iassist

the doctor.” 28

Jason was thoughtful for a moment . “All you do is measure people andtake

their 30

temperature?” 30

Nurse Doug shook his head. “No

, I do lots of other things. Forexample

, I can clean and 32

bandage badcuts

, measure blood pressure, or take outstitches

. I can also take a sample of your 34

blood or give you a shot.” 35

Jason'seyes

grew wide. “Don't worry,” Nurse Doug laughed andsaid

, “you probably 37

don't need a shottoday

.” Nurse Doug showed Jason some of theequipment

he used in his job and 39

explained the purpose of each item. Jasonthought

it was all very interesting. 41



When the doctorfinally

entered, she looked in Jason's throat andpeered

gently into his 43

ears. She tapped on hischest

with her fingers and listened to hisheart

. During the examination, 45

she asked him aboutschool

, his favorite subject and his favorite sports . When she asked him what 47

hewanted

to be when he grew up, Jason knew what to say immediately. “A nurse!” 49



A Special Place in Arizona

Arizona is a state with great natural beauty. Its landscape of desert and giantred

rock 1

formations attracts visitors from far andwide

. Arizona has many state parks wherepeople

can 3

hike, camp, and enjoy nature. But Slide Rock State Parkhas

something extra. It has a natural 4

waterslide! 5

A creek with a rocky bottom runs through the park. In one part of the creek, the water runs 7

through a crack in a giant, flat rock. Over theyears

, the crack has become smooth andslippery

. 10

People go there to splash and slide in the cold water. It is exciting to slide down the creek along the 12

slick rock. Not everyone is brave enough toride

the natural water slide, though. Someprefer

15

to wade and swim in thecalmer

parts of the creek. This canbe

fun, too. After playing in the 17

cold water for a while, many like tospread

out a towel and lie down on thewarm

, sunny 20

rocks. 20

Slide Rock State Park offers more thanjust

swimming. It has many attractions. Ahiking

22



trail leads to a cliff overlooking the creek . Visitors can also bring fishing poles and try their luck 24

at catching fish thatlive

in the creek. There is also an area where visitors can play volleyball. 26

The park is a great place to have apicnic

. There are areas with picnic tables where 29

visitors can enjoy lunch in thegreat

outdoors. For those who want tostay

out of the hot sun, there 31

aresome shelters with roofs. 32

The park sits on a piece of land thatused

to be an apple farm. Theman

who owned the 35

farm planted hisapple

trees almost one hundred years ago.Some

of those trees are still 37

growing. Park visitors love to see the pinkblossoms

in the spring. In the fall, theycan

try 40

a fresh apple straight from thetree

. A stroll around the old farmis

interesting at any time of 42

year. Some of the old tools and machines thefarmer

used are still sitting in the field . The barn 45

where the apples werepacked

into boxes is still standing. 46

With its hiking trails, apple trees, fishing, andslippery

water slide, Slide Rock State 48



Park has something for every visitor. 49



Starting a Company

Every year, a certain catalog is delivered to mailboxes all over the world. It is full of camping

gear,comfortable

clothes, and backpacks. The name on thecatalog

is L. L. Bean, a company that 2

hasbeen

around for more than ninety years. Itsells

more than one billion dollars worth of 4

goodsevery year. This giant company had a

simplestart when one man got tired of having 7

cold, wet feet. 7

Leon Bean lived in Maine, astate

known for its woods, lakes, and rivers . One day he went 9

hunting when the weather was cold and wet. Water leaked through hisboots

and made his feet cold 11

andsore

. Why couldn't someone make a pair of boots that did not leak? As hestomped

around the 14

wet woods, he dreamed up a design for waterproof boots. They would haverubber

bottoms to 16

keep the water out. Theywould

have leather tops to provide sturdy comfort and a good fit. 18

Leon decided tomake

the boots himself if he couldnot

buy them. He had a shoemaker 20

sewleather uppers to a pair of

rubberboots. He tried them out, and they

worked! His feet 23



stayed dry and snug, even in wet weather. 24

Leon was sure thatothers

would also like his boots. Hewrote

a description of the boots and 26

mailedit to all the hunters he knew . He wrote, “You cannot expect success hunting deer or 29

moose if your feetare

not properly dressed. The Maine Hunting Shoe isdesigned

by a hunter 31

who has tramped the Mainewoods

for the last eighteen years. Weguarantee

them to give perfect 33

satisfaction inevery

way.” Leon promised that if abuyer

did not like the boots, he would 36

send his or her money back. 36

Many people wrote to Leon to order apair

of the boots. He had themmade

and 39

sent them off. However, the rubber bottoms fell off most of theboots

! Leon kept his promise, 41

though, andsent

back all the money. Then hewent

to work fixing his design, addingstronger

44

stitching. The new boots held up towear

and tear and people loved them.Soon

, Leon began 46

selling other goods as well . All the products he sold were of good quality and he always promised 48



completesatisfaction

. This promise to the customer lives on today as his company continues to 50

grow. 50



Going to the Dentist

Sitting in the dentist's leather armchair, Kayla noticed that a picture of a waterfall hung above her

head. Kayla wondered why the dentist would want to hang pictures on the ceiling. 1

A woman in a blue smock walked in. “Hello

, Kayla,” she said. “I'm Christine, and I'm 3

goingto be cleaning your teeth today. Before we

getstarted, I'd like to show you some of the 6

special tools that we'llbe

using.” 7

Christine let Kayla look at asmall

tray of items next to herarmchair

. Some of these things 9

were familiar to Kayla. Sheremembered

the special kind of string, calledfloss

, that she used 11

each night when shebrushed

her teeth. There was also afunny

-looking toothbrush. It was round, 13

andsmaller

than the one she used at home . Christine explained that the toothbrush wasvery

16

soft, and wouldn't hurt as sheran

it over Kayla's teeth and gums. 17

There were also different-sized tools thatlooked

a little bit like toothpicks. Christine 19

explained that she would use these instruments toscrape

a substance called plaque off of 21



Kayla's teeth . 22

Kayla protested, “My teeth aren't dirty! I brush them twice a day.” 23

“Wonderful!” said Christine. “Youwill

have less plaque to remove thansome

of the patients 25

I see. But everybody gets plaque. Even me.” Kayla laughed. Then Christine began cleaning 27

and brushing Kayla's teeth . 28

While she cleaned, she told Kaylalots

of stories. She also explained what shewas

30

doing while she worked. After she wasfinished

, she ran a little tool with asmall

mirror on the 32

end of it around Kayla'smouth

. She said that this was so shecould

check her work and make 34

sure she hadcleaned

all of Kayla's teeth. 35

“All right, Kayla. You're all finished!” Christine said. “Now, all youneed

to do is rinse out 37

yourmouth

at this sink.” Kayla walked over to thesink

and swished the rinse around in her 39

mouth before spitting it down the drain. 40



As Kaylaleft

the dentist's office, she realized why thepicture

was hung on the ceiling. It 42

wasnice to gaze at the waterfall

whileshe was having her teeth cleaned. She had even 45

imagined that she could feel themist

as the water hit the pool below. 46



The New House

“Let's go, everybody,” Mom called as we got in the van. I fastened my seatbelt while Dad

lockedmy brother Ian's wheelchair into place. “I

can'twait to see our new house!” Mom 2

cried. We were all eager to see it, but

noone was more excited than Ian. After all , the 5

house was designed especially for him. 5

As wedrove

, I thought about our old house and about how uncomfortable it was for Ian. 7

First of all , his small hands had trouble turning the doorknobs . In addition, it was hard for him to 9

movehis wheelchair through the narrow hallways. His greatest challenge was that he couldn't go 11

upstairsby himself. Dad had to carry him. In the

bathroom, Ian was barely able to reach the 13

faucethandles. 14

As Mom pulled into thedriveway

, we saw Mr. Sanchez waiting for us. Hewas

the 16

contractor who built the house. We got out of the van and Ianrolled

up the ramp that led to the 18

frontdoor. Shouting a hearty welcome, Mr. Sanchez

shookIan's hand and explained that 20



hewas

going to take us on a tour of our new home. 22

Ian opened the front door. Instead of the usual rounddoorknob

, it had a long, thin handle to 24

turn. “Hey, this is easy to open,” Ian

said. 26

We entered the living room. Thewindows

were low so Ian could see out of them easily . The 28

doorway to the dining roomwas

wide. Mr. Sanchez told us that all the doorways in the house 30

werewide

. 31

Mr. Sanchez led us down the widehallway

to the bathroom. The faucet handles on thesink

33

were long handles, like the doorknobs. Mr. Sanchezalso

pointed out that there were no cabinets 35

underneath the sink. Ian showed ushow

he could roll right up to thesink

and reach the faucet 37

handles. 37

As we headed down the hallway to the bedrooms, Ianlooked

troubled. He asked if Dad 39

wouldstill

have to carry him up thestairs

to go to his room. 41



Mr. Sanchez shook his head. “There isn't an upstairs, Ian. All the rooms are on the same 43

level, so youcan

go everywhere by yourself.” 44

Ian clapped hishands

and said, “This is a terrific house .” Mom gave Ian a giant hug and 46

said, “We're all going to love living

here.” 48



The Best Kind of Present

The students were on their way to Dinosaur State Park for a field trip. They were all very excited

aboutseeing

real dinosaur tracks, and they chatted andlaughed

as the school bus rolled along. Cody 2

waslooking forward to seeing the park,

too, but he was quiet. He had

somethingon his 5

mind. 5

His teacher, Miss Chen,sat

down next to him. “You look troubled ,” she said. “Is 7

something wrong?” 7

“It'snothing

serious,” Cody started. “It's just thattomorrow

is my dad's birthday, and I 9

still don't have a present for him.” He sighed . “I want to get him somethingreally

different 12

this year.” 12

Miss Chen said thatperhaps

he would find something great at thepark's

gift shop. Cody 14

nodded, but when Miss Chenreturned

to her seat, he sighed. Heknew

he didn't have enough 16

money tobuy

a present. 17



When they arrived at thepark

and went inside the exhibit hall, Codyforgot

all his troubles. 19

It was fantastic! Thepainted

walls and dinosaur models made Codyfeel

like he had traveled 21

back intime

. There were displays of fossils to look at, too. Best of all, though, were the 24

dinosaur footprints in the sandstone floor . Cody liked the fact that hewas

standing right where 26

dinosaurs had oncewalked

. 27

After the students watched a movie about dinosaurs , Miss Chen led them outside to another 28

area with dinosaur footprints. She asked if theywould

like to make a plaster casting of a 30

footprint. Everyone clapped and cheered, and Miss Chen

explainedthat they would each use a 32

footprintas a mold. First, they would

mixplaster powder with water in a bucket . Then, they 35

would rub oil into the footprint . Next, they would pour in the plaster . When it was dry, they could 37

liftit out and have their very own dinosaur footprint. 39

The students got busy mixing , oiling, and pouring. Cody found that itwas

messy work, 41



but very fun. When he lifted up the dry plaster and looked at hisdinosaur

footprint, his eyes lit up. 43

With abig

smile, he told Ms. Chen that he hadjust

found the perfect present. 45

“That's great,” shecried

. “And best of all,” she added with awink

, “it is really different!” 47



The Attorney General

Over three hundred million people live in the United States today. There are thousands of laws to

makesure all are treated fairly. The Department of Justice has thousands of law officers, judges, 2

andlawyers

. They work hard to bring justice to all the people. 4

The Department of Justice is part of the United Statesgovernment

. This department has many 5

duties. Two of themost

important are helping people understand the laws and making sure people 7

follow them. 7

Theperson

in charge of such a largedepartment

has a lot of responsibility. This 9

person is the Attorney General. To do thisjob

, a person must be honest, tough, and 11

fair. He or she must have many

yearsof experience in the justice system. President Bill Clinton 13

sawall of these qualities in Janet Reno. He named her Attorney General at the start of his term . 16

She held this job for eightyears

. 17

Janet was the first woman tobe

Attorney General. As a young girl, she looked up to the 19



other women in herfamily

as role models. At a timewhen

most women did not have jobs, her 21

motherwas a reporter. Her aunt was an

armynurse. Another aunt flew planes. 23

Janetwent

on to study law. When shewas

done with college, she tried toget

a job at a 26

big lawfirm

in Florida. They did not want herbecause

she was a woman. Another officewas

29

glad to have her, though. After afew

years, Janet began to work for thestate

of Florida. During 31

this time sheworked

hard to protect the rights ofchildren

. 33

As Attorney General, Janet had a lot todo

. Every day she had stacks ofpapers

to read 35

and sign. She also had toattend

important meetings. She often met with judges , people in the 37

government, or thehead

of the FBI to give legaladvice

and ask questions. Sometimes she would 39

meet with the President to give himadvice

. Other times, she would meet withreporters

to 42

answer questions. 42

In all shedid

, Janet worked hard to do whatwas

right. Some people will remember her 44



forbeing

the first woman Attorney General. Most willremember

her for being honest and fair. 46



Hank Aaron

The famous baseball player known as Hank Aaron was born in nineteen thirty-four. When he

was a teenager, his family moved to another part of town so that he and his siblings could 2

goto a different school. His mother and

fatheralways encouraged their children to be the 4

best that they could be. So when Hank decided to become a baseball player heput

all of his 7

heart into it. 7

WhenHank was a teenager, he played on

someof his city's baseball teams. On these 9

teams , he just played for fun anddid

not earn any money. One day heplayed

in a game 12

against a big, important team from a city in Indiana. The team's owner was amazed by young 14

Hank'stalent

. He offered him a job as aprofessional

baseball player. 16

Hank was very happybecause

this man was going to pay him to do what he loved—playing 18

baseball. Withonly

two sandwiches and two dollars, Hanktook

the train to Indiana. 20

Over thenext

few years, Hank played for manyother

teams. Each one was better than 22



thelast

. On every team, Hank's talent made himstand

out as an important player. Then, when 25

he was twenty, Hank was invited to join a team called the Braves. He eagerly agreed. Hank 27

was playing with thebest

players in American baseball. 28

What made Hanksuch

a special player? It was hisspeed

and power when hitting a 30

baseball. Most baseball players feel lucky to hit eighteen home runs every year. Hank once 32

hitforty-seven! Baseball pitchers tried to

trickhim, but he could always get a

hit. One 35

pitcher said that trying tofool

Hank was like slapping a rattlesnake. 36

Each year, Hank made more home runs. Baseball fans started to wonder if hewould

beat 39

Babe Ruth. Babe Ruth held thetitle

for the most home runs during hiscareer

. When Hank hit the 41

record-breakinghome

run, his fans went wild! Itwas

an exciting moment in the history 43

ofbaseball

. 44

Six years later, Hank stopped playing baseball. He began a new job finding talented 45



youngplayers

and helping them to succeed at the sport he loved so much. This rolewas

perfect 48

for Hank. He is a role model, both on and off thefield

, and has certainly left his mark on the 50

sport of baseball. 51



Known for Courage

Leaping across the boulders leading to the lighthouse, Ida pulled her shawl tightly around her.

“What a busy morning it's going tobe

,” she said aloud. Ida knew that if she didn't clean 2

the prisms on thelighthouse

light, it wouldn't be bright enough tohelp

guide the sailors entering 4

the harbor. 4

Whenshe reached the small lighthouse, Ida pulled open the heavy door and stepped inside. 6

Sheput

out the oil lamp and trimmed thewick

before relighting it. She finished therest

of 9

her chores quickly. She wanted toget

back home before the big storm blew in. Making her way 11

back to herhouse

, Ida heard the cries of gulls and theblast

of a horn from a ship atsea

. 14

As the hours passed, the day became gray and bleak. A frosty chillsettled

on the island. The 16

wind grewmore

forceful. Inside, Ida had moved herchair

closer to the fire and picked up her 18

mendingbasket when she heard a voice crying , “Help! Someone's drowning!” 20

In an instant, Idaleapt

from her chair and ran out of thehouse

, calling for her brother to 22



follow. Shewas

moving too quickly to hear her neighbor's plea. “Stop! It's dangerous!” the 24

neighbor shouted , but Ida couldn't hear her voice over the crashing waves. 26

Seconds later, she was rowing theboat

through the choppy seas. Even though her 27

armswere strong from years of rowing

backand forth to the mainland, Ida had to struggle to 30

keep the boat on course. Halfway out, a huge wave crashed into thebow

, causing the boat to tilt to 32

one side. Ida barely noticed the wave or thewater

at her feet. Instead, she held hergaze

on 35

the two men bobbing in thewater

ahead. 36

Straining to pull the oars through the water, she slid the boat beside the first man. Ida 37

tried to steady the boat against theslamming

waves. Her brother pulled the manaboard

. At that 40

moment, she saw thesecond

man disappear beneath the water for ashort

time. She could tell 42

that hisstrength

was running out. 43

Minutes later, thesecond

man was also safely in the boat , and Ida had turned the boat 45



towardshore

. The two men, gasping for air, tried to thank Ida and her brother forsaving

them. 48

“What would you do if yousaw

someone drowning?” she said calmly. 49



The Perfect Topping

On Thursday, everyone in class went around and named their favorite foods. Tonya said her

favorite food was thepizza

her family made. After school was over, she waited with Megan for the 2

bus. 2

“Do you really make your own pizza?” Megan asked. “I love pizza, but I've never made 4

it.Is

it hard?” 5

“No, it's easy!” said Tonya. “If

our parents let us, do youwant

to come over for 7

dinner tomorrow? We're making it then.” 8

Megan was eager to try it, and their parents agreed, so thenext

day Megan went to 10

Tonya's house. On theway

, they discussed what toppings to put on their pizza . 12

“You'd be surprised by what you can put on a pizza,” Tonya said. “Lots

of things 14

you'd never think of can make really good toppings.” 15

Megan always ordered the same thing on her pizza:mushrooms

and green peppers. She 17



wondered what else she could try. 18

As dinnertime approached, Tonya's brother started making the dough by mixingflour

, 20

water, salt, and yeast. He let Tonya and Megan taste it, and Megan thought it wasdelicious

. 22

Tonya's parents opened the pantry for topping ideas. “What shall we put on ittonight

?” her 24

mom asked. 24

Tonya suggested an onion , and then Tonya's brother got out some potatoes. Megan had 26

never seen potatoes on a pizza before. She tried to think what shecould

choose that would be a 28

good,unusual

topping. 29

“What if we put apple slices on the pizza?” Megan suggested. Everyoneagreed

that was a 31

great idea. While Tonya'sparents

prepared the toppings, Megan grated cheese and Tonya and her 32

brotherrolled the dough flat and put it in the

pan. They spread sauce on it and Megan sprinkled 35

on the cheese. Tonya's dad put on thegrilled

onion and her mom added thepotatoes

and apple 37



slices. Then they put the whole thing in the oven to cook. 38

As Meganhelped

Tonya set the table, she wasexcited

by the thought of their pizza. She 40

couldn't wait to taste it. 41

“Careful, it'shot

,” called Tonya's father as he brought it out. He cut it into slices 43

and served everyone, and when it was cool enough, Megan took abite

. 45

The sweet flavors of the apple slices mixed perfectly with the grilled onion andpotato

. 47

Thrilled, Megan turned to Tonya. “Now yourfavorite

food is my favorite food, too!” shesaid

. 49



Being a Plumber

When people wake up and prepare for the day ahead, they expect to have hot and cold water.

When they are ready to brush their teeth , they turn on the faucet forcold

water. Warm water 2

makes for a comfortable bath or shower. Clean water flows into thesink

, shower, or tub. Then it 4

drains down and out through the pipes . 5

A hundred years ago very fewpeople

had hot and cold running water. Most people had an 7

outhouse in thebackyard

. Very few had indoor toilets. They had to pump water from a well. If they 9

wanted hot water, they had to pump cold water and then heat it on the stove . 12

Plumbers are the workers who makerunning

water possible. Plumbers know how to connect 14

all the pipes and valves that bring water into a home. They alsoknow

how to get the wastewater out 16

of thehouse

to the sewer. These sewer pipescarry

wastewater to the treatment plant. 18

Wateris

also brought to our homes throughpipes

. These pipes are buried in the 20

groundalong the streets. When a new

houseis built, the city installs a water meter, a branch 23



pipe, and acut

-off valve near the house. Thewater

meter measures the amount of water that 25

is used in the house. The plumber uses the branch pipe to connect asupply

line. The cut-off 28

valve lets aplumber

turn off all of the watercoming

into the house in case ofemergencies

. 31

Inside the house, the single linecoming

in is split into two. One of these lines feeds water 33

into the hot water tank . From there, pipes go to all thehot

water faucets in the house. The 35

other line feeds water to all the cold -water faucets and to the toilets. 37

Plumbersknow how to provide people with the water they need for cooking, cleaning, and 39

washing . Sometimes a part of the plumbing in ahouse

or an apartment breaks. A toilet might 42

start to run water all thetime

. A faucet might not turn offcompletely

. When that happens, it is 44

time to call the plumber, who will know just what todo

to fix the problem. 46



The Invention of the Vacuum

Pet hair, dust, dirt, and cookie crumbs can all add up to make a carpet a dirty mess. It's time to

get out thevacuum

cleaner! Plug it in, and in just a few minutes the carpet is clean again. 3

It wasn't so simple in the past. Before theinvention

of vacuum cleaners, floors were cleaned 4

withbrooms

, brushes, and mops. To get a carpet really clean, it had to be hung up 7

outdoors and beaten with sticks. It was backbreaking, unpleasant work. 8

Inventors looked for ways to make the job easier. The first sweeping machine appeared in 10

1858. Itwas

a brush with wheels on ahandle

. The brush spun around when pushed, sweeping 13

up dirt. This machine worked about aswell

as a broom, but it could not pick up dirt that was deep 15

in acarpet

. Housekeepers still had to beat theircarpets

to get all the dirt out. 17

Afew

years later, an inventor came up with amachine

that would suck the dirt up, rather 20

than brush it around. The suction was created by a small fan inside themachine

. There was 22

no motor to drive the fan , however. Instead, it had a crank that thehousekeeper

turned by hand. 24



Turning this crank fast enough and long enough to clean awhole

rug was tiring! This 26

machine didnot

catch on. 27

Around the beginning of thetwentieth

century, someone got the idea that a machine that 29

blew air could be used forcleaning

floors. This machine was not populareither

. All it did was 31

blow thedirt

around! 32

Finally, a year later, aman

invented a machine with a motor thatsucked

dirt up. However, 34

this machine was huge ! It sat on a cart that was pulled by horses. People would call theman

37

when they wanted their floors cleaned. Hewould

park the cart outside the house anduse

a 39

hose that was one hundred feet long to suck up the dirt. It wasnot

easy, but it did a very 41

goodjob of cleaning. 42

This man's success got other inventors thinking, and it wasn'tlong

before someone made 44

the first small electric vacuum cleaner. Thanks to its smallsize

, people could store it in 46



their closets . Thanks to its electric motor, it waseasy

to use. And thanks to all theseclever

49

inventors, cleaning a carpet is aquick

and simple job today! 50



The People's Artist

You might not know his name, but you may have seen his pictures. His art brings to mind the

goodold days of small town America. Those

daysmay be gone, but people still love the 3

art of Norman Rockwell. 3

Normanwas

born in New York City. He knew from ayoung

age that he wanted to be an 5

artist. He actually left high school early to study art full time. It wasn't long before he was 8

earning money for his artwork. He wasonly

eighteen when he was hired by a magazine to be its 10

art director. 10

At age twenty-two, a magazine called the Saturday Evening Postput

one of his 12

paintings on its cover . This was a great honor for such a young man. The Saturday Evening Post 14

wasone

of the most popular magazines in America at thattime

. Over the next few decades, 16

Norman'sartwork

appeared on the cover of the “Evening Post” more than three hundred times. 18

Many of Norman's paintings showed ordinary moments of life in America. Theyshowed

20



children playing and people working at theirjobs

. Norman painted these scenes with charm and 21

humor . They showed the good side oflife

and made people feel happy andproud

. He 24

often told people that he just couldn't paint sad pictures. 25

His paintingswere

very different from the work ofother

artists of that time. These 27

artists were making modern art. They did notpaint

scenes in a normal way. Forinstance

, a 30

painting of a woman by amodern

artist might be made up of scribbles , drips of paint, or circles and 32

squares. These artists looked down on Norman's

work. They said it was dull. They did not 35

consider him a good artist. 35

Butmodern

art did not interest Norman. Hewanted

to paint pictures that everyone would 37

like,not

pictures that would confuse or worry people . And many people preferred Norman's 39

simple,charming

scenes to modern art. They let himknow

by sending him bags and bags of 41

fanletters. Even after his death, his art lives on. Today people still love his pictures for their 44



warmth and humor, and formaking

them smile. 45



The News Team

It is 1956, and people all across the country are turning on their television sets to watch the

evening news. On one channel, two men deliver thenews

. One is serious, and the other lets a 2

spark of wit and humorshow

in his reports. They make a perfect team. For the next several years, 4

theirnews

program is number one in the country . 6

The serious member of this teamis

Chet Huntley. The other is David Brinkley, who 7

wasborn in North Carolina in nineteen twenty. His

careeras a news reporter began when he 9

wasa teenager. He wrote articles about his

highschool for a newspaper owned by a 11

member of his family. After high school, hewent

to college for a while. Then he started 14

working as a reporter again, writing news stories for many newspapers. He made theswitch

from 16

newspaper to radio during the Second World War.Soon

a new invention started to catch on: 17

television ! It wasn't long before Brinkley begangiving

news reports on TV. 19

What made Brinkleyso

good at what he did? First ofall

, he was a good writer. 21



Hecould

explain a news story clearly withjust

a few words. Younger news writerslooked

24

up to him. From him theylearned

that good writing could make their work better. 26

Second, he did more thanjust

read the news. His wit andclever

mind always came 28

through. He oncesaid

that the only way to do news on TVis

not to be scared of it. He 30

saidthat most of the news isn't very important. In fact, he thought very

littleof it was. 33

He was serious about his work , though. In fact, he and hispartner

on the news show did not 35

like the ending of their show because they felt itwas

not serious enough. Each night at the 37

end of the show, David said, “Good night , Chet.” Chet then answered, “Good night, David.” They 39

boththought this was silly, but people

watchingthe show loved it. They liked the

warmand 42

friendly feeling it brought to the news show . 43

Brinkley's career lasted for over fortyyears

, and he enjoyed all of it. He told his son 45

that if he weretwenty

years old, he would do the same thing all over again. 47



Money

Most people have seen money, but few have seen it being created. Keep reading to find out

wheremoney

comes from and how it ismade

. 2

In the United States, money comes in theform

of coins and paper bills. Newcoins

are 4

made every day at one offour

places in the country. These specialplaces

are called mints. 6

To make a coin , a machine feeds huge rolls offlat

metal into the side of another 8

machine. Different coins use different metals. Then the

secondmachine cuts the flat metal into 10

morethan thirty thousand round pieces, like

usingcookie cutters on dough. The metal

pieces13

come out of the machine shaped likecoins

, but they are blank. The piecesare

heated and cooled. 15

Then they arewashed

and dried. Next they go toanother

machine. This machine presses each round 17

pieceinto a mold of a coin.

New, shiny coins come pouring out of the

machine. The coins are 20

counted and put into huge bags. The bags are loaded ontoarmored

cars. Now they are ready to 22

besafely delivered to banks across the

country. 24



Paper bills are printed in Washington, D.C., and Forth Worth, Texas.Each

of these 25

locations prints millions ofdollars

worth of bills each year. 26

The printing of bills begins with large sheets ofblank

paper. Unlike other kinds of paper, 28

thespecial

paper the government uses for the bills does not get soggy if itgets

wet or is run 31

through thewashing

machine. The paper is made of cotton and linen. Bills made one hundred 33

yearsago even contained silk. 34

The huge blank sheets of paper enter a machine thatstamps

the paper with ink and cuts it 36

into bills . The machine uses special ink thatcannot

be duplicated. There are many other safety 39

features on the bills, too, such as watermarks that can only be seen whenholding

a bill up to the 41

light. Thishelps

people make sure that the money they are spending is real. As you can 43

see , a lot of work goes intocreating

the money that is used each and every day. 46



The Harper House

One hundred years ago, the Harper House was the grandest in town. The Harper family gave

parties inits

ballroom, and the gardens were theenvy

of everyone. But then the familylost

3

their money, and they moved away. For years the house stood empty. The rooffell

in, the walls 5

sagged, and weeds took over the gardens. 6

But today the Harper Houseis

beautiful once more, thanks to theefforts

of the town's 8

Park Department. The head of the Park Departmentexplained

, “We wanted to save the house 9

becauseit is part of our town's

history. Now it is beautiful and useful, too .” 12

Workers and builders fixed the walls, roof , and floors. When repairs were finished, it 13

was time to decorate inside. The decorators wanted everything to look just like itdid

one 16

hundred years ago. They studiedold

photographs and drawings of the house. Thishelped

them 18

choose the right curtains, artwork, andfurniture

. 19

Then it was time to restore the lawn and gardens. For this job, thedirector

hired May 21



Chen, an expert gardener andlandscape

designer. She believes landscaping is very important to the 23

appearance of a house. She wanted the yard to be as pretty as thehouse

. 25

Designing the landscape for the Harper Housewas

a challenge for Ms. Chen. Because the 26

houseis very big and sits on a

hugepiece of land, she needed to

planflower beds that were 29

very large.Flower

beds of a normal size wouldlook

too small. 31

Like the decorators, Ms. Chenstudied

old photographs of the house. Shealso

talked to 33

older people in town. The Harperfamily

still lived in the house when some of these people were 35

children. They had played in the gardens and could stillremember

what the gardens looked like. 37

Oneman

told her about a little goldfishpond

in the backyard. With his help, sheplanned

40

one just like it. 40

The Park Departmenthas

big plans for the house now. There will be town meetings 42

and parties in the ballroom , and part of the house willbe

a museum. People will be able 44



tostroll

and have picnics in the gardens, and it is the perfect place for weddings. The Harper 46

House ispart

of the town's history. Now itis

part of its future, too! 48



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