Programa de Satélites Científicos e

Experimentos do INPE

MCEEquatorialAtmosphere Research Satellite

Monitor e Imageadorde Raios-X

Missão Clima Espacial

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Scientific SatellitesScientific Satellites

Scientific missions on microsatellites (~200 kg, ~250 W)

• atmospheric research atmospheric research EQUARS EQUARS• X-ray astronomy X-ray astronomy MIRAX MIRAX• space weather space weather MCE MCE

Scientific instruments developed at INPE, with significant international collaboration bringing proven expertise

and cost sharing launcher issue is crucial for mission and for international

partnerships – e.g. NASA missions of opportunities

CEACEA

EQUARS EQUATORIAL ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE

EQUARS: International collaboration

RASC:RASC: University of Kyoto University of Kyoto - GPS- GPS

UWO:UWO: University of Western Ontario University of Western Ontario - GWIM- GWIM

USU:USU: UtahUtah State University State University - MLTM- MLTM

UCAR:UCAR: University Cooperation for Atmospheric Science, University Cooperation for Atmospheric Science, COSMIC COSMIC - - EQUARSEQUARS Data Analysis & Archive Center Data Analysis & Archive Center

NSPO:NSPO: National Space Program Office, Taiwan National Space Program Office, Taiwan - COSMIC and - COSMIC and a Ground Station.a Ground Station.

USP:USP: Universidade de São Paulo Universidade de São Paulo - ALIS e EPM- ALIS e EPM

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Experiment GPS -OCCULT

GWIM MLTS ALIS IONEX ELISA ETM CERTO

Instrument GPS Receiver

Airglow Imager

Temperature Imager

Atmos. Limb Imager

Plasma sensor (HFC, LP, ETP)

Electrostatic Energy Analyzer

Particle Detector (APEX)

Beacon Transmitter

PI Toshitaka Tsuda

Robert P. Lowe

Michael J. Taylor

Hisao Takahashi

M. A. Abdu

R. Dallaqua

U. B. Jayanthi

P. Bernhardt

Institution Univ.Kyoto/ Japan

UWO/ Canada

USU/ USA

INPE/ Brazil

INPE/ Brazil

INPE/ Brazil

INPE/ Brazil

NRL/ USA

Observation parameters

Water vapor Temperature Total Electron Contents (TEC)

O2 airglow Gravity waves

Mesopause Temperature

Lightning Sprites OH NIR OI 5577

Plasma density; Electron Temperature

Electron Energy 1 to 40 keV

Havy particle detector. 1 to 50 MeV

Ionospheric irregularity

Mass: 124 kgPower: 260 W Dimensions: 70 x 80 x 100 cm ACS: 3-axisPointing: 1.0o EarthStability: 0.025o/sTT&C: 1.0 Mbps

EQUARS coordinated

measurements

Waper vapor

Temperature Field variability

Gravity wave activities

Ionospheric bubble generation

Lightning

[ equars ] [ equars ] MLTS

ALISGPS

GWIMGPS

EQUARSEQUARS and and COSMIC

• The joint observations of COSMIC and EQUARS will produce a The joint observations of COSMIC and EQUARS will produce a global monitoring of water vapor, temperature and global monitoring of water vapor, temperature and atmospheric plasmaatmospheric plasma

• This has immediate applications on meteorological forecast and This has immediate applications on meteorological forecast and monitoring of the ionosphere and space weather.monitoring of the ionosphere and space weather.

COSMIC project includesCOSMIC project includes

UCAR (EUA) and NSPO (Taiwan):6-satellite constallation with inclinations of 726-satellite constallation with inclinations of 72oo

COSMIC (24 hs.) EQUARS (24 hs.)

[ equars ]

ALIS – Airglow Limb Imaging System

discharging into the stratosphere

sprite

[ equars ] IONEX – Ionospheric Experiments (HFC, LP and ETP)

Measurements:

• Electron densityElectron density

• Electron TemperatureElectron Temperature

Studies:• Ionospheric Plasma Bubble StructureIonospheric Plasma Bubble Structure

• Generation mechanism of the Generation mechanism of the eequatorial plasma quatorial plasma bubblesbubbles

[ equars ]

ELISA – Electrostatic Energy Analyser

What to measure ?Electron flux and energy spectrum in the ionosphere, 0.1 to 40 keV

What to study and application:• Energetic electron flux in the equatorial ionosphere and South Atlantic Geomagnetic Anomaly region.

• Plasma dynamics in the ionospheric plasma bubbles.

ELISA

EQUARS’s schedule

05/2001: Announcement of Opportunity

11/2001: 1st EQUARS Workshop

10/2002: Project selected by INPE

03/2003: Project aproved by AEB

07/2003: 2nd Workshop (mission definition)

12/ 2003: Preliminary Design Review

09/2004: System Requirements Review

2005/2006: Satellite manufacturing

2006: Integration and testing

2007: Launch

• - A Interação Sol-Terra

MCE SPACE WEATHER MONITOR

Scientific Aspects of the Mission

• - A Interação Sol-TerraThe Sun continuously emits a plasma supersonic flux, the SOLAR WIND

The interaction of the SOLAR WIND with the Earth’s magnetic

field forms the MAGNETOSPHERE

They Produce:

MAGNETIC STORMS and

VARIABILITY of the SPACE WEATHER

CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS

are the first transient

phenomena that perturb

the SOLAR WIND

Effects over technological systems

• - In Space:

Satellites

International Space Station

• The currents induced by the strong magnetic storms can cause harm to electrical transmission lines.

The geomagnetic storms affect radio comunications.

• Possibly, the solar activity has influence on the Earth’s climate.

Effects over technological systems

- On the ground:

A missão completa

• Russian satellite• Brazilian satellite• Ucranian satellites

scientific missionspreliminary schedule

04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11

EQUARS

MIRAX

MCE