Loon is a trademark of Loon LLC.Copyright © 2018 Loon LLC. All rights res erved.

Operational OverviewEHAO Symposium

02 April 2019

Rob Eagles - Head of Aviation

Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC.Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights reserved.

Partner with local telcos to extend their n etw ork c overa g e in rem ote a rea s

F loa tin g c e ll tow ers in th e sk yLoon is a trademark of X Development LLC.

Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights res erved.

Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC.Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights

res erved.

Loon Technology: Providing LTE connectivity

Standard LTE Devices

LTE signal

eBand Links

Gigabit Ground Station

Mesh Network of balloons

Loon is a trademark of Loon LLC.Copyright © 2018 Loon LLC. All rights res erved.

FL600

ATC clearance (FL500 typical)

Operations’ Control

Vertical S ep.

Loon operation center(s ) (24x7)

Decentralized cloud bas ed Automation

ADS -B OutMode A/C

IRIDIUM

INMARS AT

ATC / ANS P (24x7) (worldwide)

Military (worldwide)

Other operators

Vertical S ep.

LAUNCHANSP provided separation

Operations at altitudeOperations above traffic | Industry managed separation from other high altitude users

Land & RecoverANSP provided separation

Loon Internet bas e s tations

Loon fleet management & s eparation (automated)

UTM

3rd party ADS -B feed(FlightRadar 24)

Navigate using wind through frequent altitude change managed

by algorithms

Dedicated landing zones acros s the world

Wind, weather, NOTAM & Airs pace data

{api}

Des cent under parachute

Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC.Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights res erved.

Google Confidential and Proprietary

Loon Balloon Overview

Payload

Down Connection

EnvelopeBallonet

Termination

Altitude Control

3.4

m9.

1 m

12.5

m

16.2 m

Safety features:

● Certified Transponder (ADS -B)● Redundant sensors: barometric

altitude , GPS.● Redundant communication

(Iridium & Inmarsat)● Omnidirectional flashers ● Radar Reflective Materials● Quasi-real time tracking ● Redundant flight termination ● 24*7 Mission Control

Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC.Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights res erved.

Loon is a trademark of Loon LLC.Copyright © 2018 Loon LLC. All rights res erved.

Fleet Operation Global scale

￮ >1,600 flights

￮ >984,000 hours flown

￮ >35 Million Kilometers

￮ >2000 health checks and telemetry points every minute

￮ 125 day routine target, with 198 as ongoing high record

￮ >99% commands automated

DRAFT - S trictly Commercial In Confidence

● Trained & experienced supervisors monitoring health and position 24*7● O n c a ll tec h n ic a l exp erts 24 *7● C on sta n t c om m u n ic a tion w ith ATC● C a ll rec ord in g a n d b a lloon c on trol log g in g - Ab ility to p rovid e c u stom ized

h istoric a l rep orts on d em a n d .

Internal Fleet visualisation Interfaceshows quasi real time data and predictions for each balloon

C om m a n d a n d C on trol - O p era tion s C en ter

Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC.Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights res erved.

DRAFT - S trictly Commercial In Confidence

Launches from Puerto Rico or Nevada

Loon Proprietary & Confidential

0 day

10 days

24 days

ATC Clearance

30 -40k feet

No traffic >50k feet

Above traffic and ATC

Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC.Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights reserved.

SMS in place

● ICAO Annex 19

● Risk management board meets regularly to track and mitigate risks across the full balloon life -cycle:○ Design and Build ( System safety) ○ Tes t (Flight test safety)○ Production (Operations safety)

● Defined and monitored Safety Performance Indicators with pre-determined targets and thres holds that trigger enhanced ris k controls if needed

● ICAO / indus try work - s afety analys is for new entrants

Loon is a trademark of X Development LLC.Copyright © 2018 X Development LLC. All rights res erved.

Challenges

• Overflight permissions

○ National s ecurity and defence

○ Inter-regional co-ordination

• International s tandards

• Weather and environmental conditions

• Perception - treated like traditional aviation

Loon CONOPs and operating model

• Manage the separation of our own vehicles at high altitude

• Developed and manage our own operating infrastructure (Google)

○ S ecure, agile and capable

• Required new thinking and evolution at pace

○ Continuous evolution of the vehicle

○ S ignificant inves tment

• We are looking ahead and looking at things differently

○ Loon - res pons ible aviation actor

Vision – h ig h a ltitu d e a irsp a c e

• Must be able to safely manage rapid evolution of new entrants

• Operators manage their own vehicles (operations) and self co -ordinate

○ Harmonized s tandards and technology

• Opportunity to do s omething very different

○ Not an extens ion of traditional ATC / airs pace / thinking

• Infras tructure

○ Only inves t in infras tructure (and s ervices ) that are actually required

Conclusion – h ig h a ltitu d e op era tion s

• Operations will expand quickly and will be global

○ S afety number 1 priority (wide range of operations and vehicles )

• S ignificant computing and machine learning power

○ Autonomous operations utilizing res ilient, agile and trus ted s ys tems

• Operators making s ignificant inves tment in new vehicles

○ Operating s pace that can keep pace and meet bus ines s needs

• S tarting from a blank s heet (avoid bias )

○ Trans ferable CONOPs to ATM and manned aviation