Program: Applied Research in Environmental Sciences Nonprofit, Inc. (ARIES) Sponsor: DHS National...
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Working Together for a Safer Tomorrow Program: Applied Research in Environmental Sciences Nonprofit, Inc. (ARIES) Sponsor: DHS National Center of Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE) Presenters: Anne Garland and Lloyd Mitchell ARIES and DHS CREATE Research Associates
Program: Applied Research in Environmental Sciences Nonprofit, Inc. (ARIES) Sponsor: DHS National Center of Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events
Program: Applied Research in Environmental Sciences Nonprofit,
Inc. (ARIES) Sponsor: DHS National Center of Risk and Economic
Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE) Presenters: Anne Garland and
Lloyd Mitchell ARIES and DHS CREATE Research Associates
Slide 2
MISSION ARIES is a non-profit research association promoting
collaborative research, public education, and public outreach
designed to enhance corporate and community based decision making.
www.ariesnonprofit.com
Slide 3
VISION ARIES provides opportunities for scientists and
researchers to engage in qualitative and quantitative based
integrated research that enhances and encourages collaboration
between diverse entities to work together to develop safer
communities, healthier environments, and ecologically based
management of critical natural and historical resources.
Slide 4
CREATE: The National Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of
Terrorism Events Stephen Hora, D.B.A. Director Isaac Maya, Ph.D.,
P.E. Director of Research Kelly Buccola Associate Director for
External Relations
Slide 5
how can DHS enhance risk management as the basis of decision
making? 5 How does CREATE serve DHS?
Slide 6
CREATE Partners - 2009 6
Slide 7
CREATE Mission To improve our Nations security through research
and development of advanced models and tools to evaluate the risks,
costs and consequences of terrorism and natural and manmade hazards
to guide economically viable investments in homeland security.
(Strategic Plan 2012-2016)
Slide 8
8 CREATE Research Framework Risk Assessment Economic Assessment
Risk Management
Slide 9
Working Together for a Safer Tomorrow Research Framework
(Tribally Inclusive Geographic Area) Risk Assessment Indian
Communities Non-Indian Communities Economic Assessment Indian
Communities Non-Indian Communities Risk Management Indian
Communities Non-Indian Communities
Slide 10
WTST Model Activities Audiences/Participants Outreach Education
Integrated Disciplines Unitized Research (Team) Research and Field
Projects Practitioner Tools and Products National Conference
Presentations and Publications TIGA related (Tribally Inclusive
Geographic Areas) Minority related (African American, American
Indians, Hispanics, Latinos, Chicanos)
Slide 11
CREATE and WTST Research and Product Framework Threat
Assessment Consequence Assessment Vulnerability Assessment
Assessment of Indirect Econ. Consequences Response Recovery
Intelligence Prevention Interdiction Protection Cost-Benefit &
Decision Analysis Risk Assessment Economic Assessment Risk
Management Assessment of Direct Econ. Consequences
Slide 12
ARIES Role for WTST Program Student Participant Coordination
Next Generation of Homeland Security Professionals FY 2008-2009
FY2010-2012 Guide students to develop projects about their career
interests and DHS CREATE Research Categories Mentoring student
projects and assist with outreach symposia TIGA fieldwork and
research National Conference Poster Competitions Students career
interests are designed to assist with Mentors and CREATE Directed
Projects related to DHS Research Categories Students assist with
Models/Tools/Products developed and implemented with and for
relevant users and practitioners, often in TIGA. Student Driven
Projects National Conference Poster Competitions
Slide 13
13 CREATE Mission and S&T Divisions S&T Divisions
ExplosivesChem/BioCCIBorders/ Maritme Human Factors Infrastructure
Geophysical Risk Assessment Economic Assessment Risk
Management
Slide 14
14 CREATE Mission and S&T Divisions S&T Divisions
ExplosivesChem/BioCCIBorders/ Maritme Human Factors Infrastructure
Geophysical Risk Assessment Dirty BombIEDsPORTSEC Economic
Assessment Antrax Water Supply Swine FluElectricity Water 9-11 Risk
Management ARMORPORTSEC ARMOR: Queues WTST: CRIOS
Slide 15
Achieving regional, local, and tribal integration to reduce
risks and the economic impacts of disaster and terror events
Slide 16
CRIOS Co-authors: Brittany Friend, Bernadette Franklin, Kyle
Horne, Dr. Anne Garland, and Dr. Lloyd Mitchell Collaboratively
designed and implemented by a student participant team of Applied
Research in Environmental Sciences Nonprofit, Inc. (ARIES), in the
Department of Homeland Security (DHS CREATE) program titled Working
Together for A Safer Tomorrow (WTST), this project applies a
three-step model for multi- jurisdictionally diverse regions
(Tribally Inclusive Geographic Area or TIGA) to integrate emergency
resources and management with the goal of operating cooperatively
as resilient communities in the event of natural disasters or from
terrorism.
Slide 17
Federal Indian Policy: General Characteristics of TIGA (Alaska
Varies) Federal or State Trust Lands (Fee to Trust Lands) Tribal
Enrollment and Tax Free Status Tribal Government and often Public
Services separate from local and regional communities. Sovereign
Jurisdictional Differences for Community Security Services Police
Fire and Emergency Management (regional variations )
Slide 18
Step 1: Risk Matrix Risk matrix is used to determine a risk
ranking of regional disaster and terror events. DISASTER EVENTS
Tribal Cities and Towns CountyRegionState Flooding66660
Blizzards22222 Debris Flows11100 Nuclear Waste 1111 Roadway
Vandalism 55000 Business Closures (smoke shops) 00000 Bio-
Terrorism 00000 Risk Matrix Example: Tri-County Region of SW New
York TIGA Risk Occurrence Scale= 1 (monthly), 2 (quarterly), 3
(bi-annually), 4 (annually), 5 (2-5 years), 6 (5-10 years)
Slide 19
Step 2: Integrated Operability Score (IOS) Second, an area in
the study region is chosen and a real time tri-level status report
is conducted by community stakeholders. An integrated operability
score, or IOS, is then calculated to determine integrative and
cooperative regional capabilities.
Slide 20
Multi-Jurisdictional Cooperation Tri-Level Status Report
Integrated Operability Score ( IOS) LEVEL DEFINITION DESCRIPTION
HighWhat we are doing best MediumWhat we are trying to do LowWhat
we cannot do well Modified from STATEWIDE COMMUNICATION
INTEROPERABILITY PLAN (SCIP) WEIGHTED EVALUATION CRITERIA September
2007, http://www.dhs.gov/files/programs/gc_1225902750156.shtm)
http://www.dhs.gov/files/programs/gc_1225902750156.shtm
SCIP=Weighted Evaluation Criteria (applied to Local/Regional IOS)
Example: (1) 20% Governance 4% 4.4 Identify the members of the
governing body and any of its committees. (List them according to
the categories recommended for a communications interoperability
committee in the All-Inclusive Approach.) CriteriaUnits to Scale
Organizational Structure Public/Private/Tribal/Combined Staff
Structure/Qualifications Hours/month Emotional Support Frequency
Heritage Recognition Involvement Levels 3% 4.6. Describe
multi-jurisdictional, multi-disciplinary agreements needed for
decision-making and for sharing resources. CriteriaUnits to Scale
Mutual Aid Procedures and Practice Emergency Management
ResourcesSharing Levels Modified with Permission from Elaine
Willman, Public Administrator, Hobart, WI, Citizens Equal Rights
Alliance
Slide 21
Step 3: Cumulative Regional Integrated Operability Score As the
model is incorporated for local and tribal communities, a
cumulative regional integrated operability score, or CRIOS, is
produced. This score is derived from: a) qualitative and
quantitative statistical indicators related to stakeholders
perceived capabilities to function as resilient communities in the
event of a disaster, b) regular assessments of risks and
cooperative regional resources to remain resilient and c) a time
table for jurisdictional improvements of cooperative regional
resources.
Slide 22
Regional Indicators for CRIOS Stakeholder Indicators CRIOS Tool
Cumulative IOS includes: 1) Crucial criteria about Risk, Fire, and
Emergency Management cooperation among tribes, towns, and counties
within regional jurisdictions. 2) A risk scale (0-5) is used to
quantify regional cooperation. 3) A time scale should be considered
with re-evaluation of the risk analysis every five years or sooner.
4) To identify the history of the CRIOS in a study area,
jurisdiction(s) records can be examined to determine the time
series benefits of lessening risks. 1) List of Relevant Cooperative
Interoperability Criteria 2) Ranks: Tribes, Towns, County in a
Regional Network 3) Graduated Scale: 0) Nothing 1) Insufficient 2)
Unsatisfactory 3) Sufficient 4) Satisfactory 5) Resilient
Slide 23
Critical Indicators for CRIOS Stakeholder Indicators CRIOS Tool
Criteria Units to Scale Mutual Aid Jurisdictions (local, tribal,
region, state) Practice (formal/informal) Mapping Technology
Application Levels (local, tribal, regional, (iCAV and ACAMS)
field, interactive, friendly, Volunteer Training Frequency (CERT,
NIMS) Collaborative Training Jurisdiction Levels, Training
Frequency,, Time Scale Training Scenarios Frequency, Jurisdictions,
Types (varied) EM Resources Sharing Level (local, tribal, region,
state) Emotional Support Frequency Heritage Recognition Involvement
(local, tribal, region, state) Infrastructure Security Procedures
Infrastructure Resources Capability/Maintenance Levels (water,
sewer, transportation, utilities, internet, etc.) Economic
FundingSharing Level (local, tribal, region, state) Organizational
StructurePublic/Private/Tribal/Combined, Staff
Structure,Qualifications, Hours/month Medical Facilities Capacity,
Number, Locations (distance- elevation) Containment Sites Capacity
and Number, Locations (Casinos, College campuses)
(distance-elevation) The next steps are: Request specific data for
the criteria from the user groups. The user groups and stakeholders
will scale the criteria based on relevancy. ( Graduated Scale 0-5 )
The risk analysis using the scale is valid if completed with the
specific data provided by and from the jurisdictions. The benefits
of the CRIOS are to inform the jurisdictions of the cooperative
risks in their regional networks and criteria that need
improvement.
Slide 24
STRUCTURE: Mutual Aid Infrastructure Organization Staff
MAPPING: Local, Tribal, Regional, Field, Interactive, Friendly,
Internet Independent Facilities: Containment Medical RESOURCES :
Equipment Funding SUPPORT: Emotional Heritage TRAINING: C
ollaborative Frequency Scenarios RESILIENCE: Managed Risks in
Tribally Inclusive Geographic Areas CRIOS Model
Slide 25
Draft of CRIOS Tool Relevant Scale 0-5=Nothing, Insufficient,
Unsatisfactory, Sufficient, Satisfactory, Resilient CRIOS TOOL
Application LevelsFrequencyJurisdictionsTime
ScaleFrequencyJurisdictionsTypesJurisdictionsPractices Sharing
LevelsFrequency Mapping Technology ( iCAV/ACAMS) Scale 0-5
Volunteer Training Scale 0-5 Collaborative Training Scale 0-5
Training Frequency Scale 0-5 Training Scenarios Scale 0-5 Mutual
Aid Agreement Scale 0-5 Emergency Resources Scale 0-5 Emotional
Support Scale 0-5
Slide 26
Cumulative Regional Integrated Operability Score CRIOS 2010 The
aim is to reduce risks and the economic impact of disaster and
terror events, which is in alignment with DHS National Center of
Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE) mission for
risk management. Community Stakeholders: TIGA of SW New York
Preparation, response and recovery from 2009 Flood Research,
Fieldwork and WTST Workshop
Slide 27
Cumulative Regional Integrated Operability Score CRIOS
2011-2012 The risk matrix, tri-level status report, IOS, CRIOS, and
the key for the cooperative indicators are available at ARIES
website for stakeholders to download and apply. Refinement of CRIOS
model and tools with TIGA stakeholders. Currently, these are
Mohawk, Seneca, Onondaga, Gowanda EM and VFD in NY, Eastern Band of
Cherokee EM, NC, North Slope Borough Risk Management and Barrow
Arctic Science Consortium. Plans for dedicated web pages for each
CRIOS user to demonstrate variability about integration in TIGA.
Allows revision of the CRIOS tool that is specific for TIGA
stakeholders. Web pages can provide examples about successful EM
integration in TIGA for comparative purposes and continued
applications. Public Outreach (Future Plans) : To assist TIGA
communities with score derivations, several scenarios in a
docudrama can demonstrate the range of indicators about cooperative
regional resources that produce resilient communities and reduce
risks and economic impacts of disasters. The TIGA communities for
the docudrama represent diversity of political and geographical
considerations. They include regions based on current fieldwork and
Emergency and Risk Management partnerships. They are the North
Slope of Alaska and New York. Additional CRIOS demonstrations are
provided by audio documentaries from emergency personnel who
participated in the real time tri level status reporting. Their
contributions enabled the efficient development of these tools for
replication among other diverse communities. The docudrama and the
audio documentaries are to be available for download and community
comparisons from the ARIES website.
Slide 28
Co-authors: Former Fire Chief Norman Peters Emergency Measures
Officer Regina Jacobs ARIES Student Participant Brittany Friend
ARIES Research Associate Anne Garland
Slide 29
Multi-Jurisdictional Cooperation HAVD This important community
organization works jointly to service the Canadian and American
portions of Akwesasne. The HAVFD is a mutual aid responder for
nearby non- native communities and Part of Akwesasnes emergency
measures team. A sub-Station is housed on Cornwall Island.
http://www.akwesasne.ca/i ndex.html http://www.akwesasne.ca/i
ndex.html Fire Chief Norman Peters
Slide 30
Step 1: Risk Matrix Column1Column2
Column3Column4Column5Column6Column7Column8 Column9Column10
DISASTERJURISDICTION RISK OCCURRENCE SCALE SCORECOMMENTS 123456
MonthlyQuarterlyBi-AnnualAnnual2-5 Years5-10 Years Earthquakes
Tribal 5 5 No major earthquakes - mostly tremors City / Town 5
County / Municipality 5 Regional 5 State / Provincial Floods Tribal
4 4 Especially along St. Lawrence River City / Town 4 County /
Municipality 4 Regional 4 State / Provincial 4 Severe Storms Tribal
4 4 Severe winter storms are frequent. City / Town 4 County /
Municipality 4 Regional 4 State / Provincial 4 Power Outages Tribal
(Local)1 4.2 Power outages in St. Regis, Quebec are very frequent
(at least once a month). City / Town 5 County / Municipality 5
Regional 5 State / Provincial 5 Tornadoes Tribal 5 4.2 City / Town
5 County / Municipality 5 Regional 5 State / Provincial 5 Civil
Disorder Tribal 6 6 City / Town 6 County / Municipality 6 Regional
6 State / Provincial 6 Hazards - Biohazards Tribal 2 1.6
Residential Spills average 10 per year Commercial spills - every
5-10 years City / Town 6 County / Municipality 0 Regional 0 State /
Provincial 0 Roadway Vandalism Tribal1 1 Roadway Vandalism is
frequent in regards to destruction and removal of road signs. City
/ Town County / Municipality Regional State / Provincial
Slide 31
Step 2:Tri-Level Status Report 1954-2011 The Akwesasne
volunteers (65) are highly skilled and trained in rescue and
fire-fighting techniques with a specialty for water rescue
operations. Training and Regular Drills come from multiple
jurisdictions, i.e., Franklin County, New York State Academy of
Fire Science, Niagara Mohawk Power Corp., Canadian Indian Affairs
and Northern Development, Canadian Ambulance Corps, etc. Ambulance
Services the whole Akwesasne Community and utilizes the Central
Dispatch The Akwesasne Ambulance Service employs 8 Emergency
Medical Technicians with 1 term and 2 casual personnel and 1
program manager. Fire Engineering Magazine Article March 1979
Slide 32
Step 3: Cumulative Regional Integrated Operability Score
(Partial Application) Column1Column2
Column3Column4Column5Column6Column7Column8 Column9Column10
CRITERIASUB-CRITERIA GRADUATE D SCALE SCORECOMMENTS 012345 Nothing
InsufficientUnsatisfactorySufficientSatisfactory Resilient Mutual
Aid Community / Volunteer 3 2 Need to meet a certain threshold
before the state or feds assist. This is insufficient as First
Nations are usually federal recognized and shouldn't have to wait
for mutual aid. Once a declaration has been made, mutual assistance
should arrive. In theory, we have no border in emergency situtions.
However, it can become a political issue with local councils. Local
Government 2 County / Municipal 3 State / Provincial 1 Federal 1
Mapping Technology Field 4 4 Both the US & Canadian Tribal
Governments own and operate their own IT Programs (Computers
services, programming, training, mapping, etc. Friendly 4
Independent 4 Interactive 4 Internet 4 Volunteer Training
Collaborative 1 2.2 Requested training - when volunteers requests
specific training, it should always be delivered. If they can't
depend on you, you can not depend on them It's mutual respect If
they want it or need it, give it to them. Exercises 1 Frequency 3
Jurisdiction Levels 3 Requested 3 EM Resources Community /
Volunteer 2 1.8 Akwesasne residents donate and support our
emergency responders. MOU's are an asset. Funding is very limited
on Canadian portion. Council Personnel Policies allow for our
volunteers to leave their place of work for emergency response.
Local Government 2 County / Municipal 3 State / Provincial 1
Federal 1 Emotional Support Community / Volunteer 1 1 Emotional
support is available on so many levels. However, our Community is
not big on using professional services due to confidentiality
issues. Confidentiality vs. Work Ethics Local Government 1 County /
Municipal 1 State / Provincial 1 Federal 1 Heritage Recognition
Community / Volunteer 3 1.8 State, provincial and federal agencies
recognize it, but often do not respect it. CBSA is a great example.
Training is provided by MCA in this area. Local Government 3 County
/ Municipal 1 State / Provincial 1 Federal 1 Infrastructure
Security Construction / Maintenance 4 3.6 We can build, maintain,
operate and manage it, but we don't have the means to ensure the
health & safety of our employees. A large gap here. Some areas
are very territorial. Policy & Procedures 4 Health & Safety
2 Operations / Certification 4 Management 4 Infrastructure
Resources (Not Included Below) Construction / Maintenance 3 2.6 We
don't have policy and procedures for every piece of infrastructure
we own. Health & safety remains and issue due to territorial
issues. Policy & Procedures 2 Health & Safety 2 Operations
/ Certification 3 Management 3
Slide 33
Akwesasne St. Regis Mohawk Fire and Emergency Measures Mission
and Vision by Regina Jacobs, Director If, we, as a small community,
do not find and pull together resources from our surrounding areas
to cover our backs, no one else will. Our community has high
standards for its Fire Department and EMS and expects the delivery
of service based on those standards.
Slide 34
Eastern Band of Cherokee, North Carolina Joint Center for
Disaster Research, Massey University, NZ
Slide 35
Eastern Band of Cherokee Emergency Management Regional Hazard
Mitigation Plan 1. Liquor Sales on Reservation Tribal Referendum
4.15.2012 2. Gaming Compact with Exclusivity Zone in Western NC.
-Governor Agreement 11.2012 -Legislature TBD-Spring Session
Slide 36
CRIOS Applications Joint Center for Disaster Research at Massey
University Wellington, NZ Maori Preparedness Study and Program
Ministry of Social Development and Ministry Civil Defense and
Emergency Management
Slide 37
Round table Discussions To assist risk management for your
regional community, the CRIOS project team would appreciate your
input, suggestions, and sharing of information. The CRIOS model and
tool is for self awareness and decision-making about integration to
improve risk and emergency management among TIGA communities (i.e.,
local, tribal, and regional integration). Your voluntary
participation in this discussion, and answers, will assist to
improve this model and tool for risk and emergency managers in TIGA
communities across the nation. Please discuss the following topics
as it applies to your tribally inclusive geographic area (TIGA).
For each query, please provide a short answer or bulleted list as
it applies to your community. If you are willing, please include
the acronym of your State and County after each short answer or
bullets. If necessary, label the answer and continue on the back of
this page
Slide 38
Regional Risks of Emergency Management among diverse
communities How does cooperative management make TIGA communities
safer for risks and emergencies? Give Examples in your community of
cooperative management among tribal, local, and regional
jurisdictions. How would your communities benefit from improved
cooperative management for risks and emergencies? Give suggestions
that would make your community safer with more tribal, local and
regional cooperation. What are examples of cooperative resources
that are needed to make your communities safer for risks and
emergencies? Give examples of cooperative resources among tribal,
local and regional jurisdictions in your communities. Please
provide examples or suggestions about improvements for your
community.
Slide 39
Cooperative Issues and Efforts For the following risks and
emergencies, please put an X besides those that occur regularly or
have occurred in your TIGA communities for which there was
cooperative management among tribal and local jurisdictions. If you
are willing, please provide a list of State and County acronyms
after each X. If necessary, label the answer and continue on the
back of this page Flooding: Storm Damages (wind, ice, or rain):
Blizzards: Earthquakes: Mudslides:Other Natural Disasters such as:
Hazardous Materials: Train Wreck: Plane Crash: Terrorist Events:
Taxation Protests: Other Manmade Disasters such as:
Slide 40
Cooperative Issues and Efforts For the following risks and
emergencies, please put an X besides those that occur regularly or
have occurred in your TIGA communities for which there were
cooperative or shared resources among tribal and local
jurisdictions. If you are willing, please provide a list of State
and County acronyms after each X. If necessary, label the answer
and continue on the back of this page Flooding: Storm Damages
(wind, ice, or rain): Blizzards: Earthquakes: Mudslides:Other
Natural Disasters such as: Hazardous Materials: Train Wreck: Plane
Crash: Terrorist Events: Taxation Protests: Other Manmade Disasters
such as: