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Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases November 30, 2017 1:00pm-3:00 (Eastern) / Noon-2:00pm (Central) / 10:00am-Noon (Pacific) Conference Dial-in Phone No: (312) 667-4792 Access Code: 260397 Panelists Jeffrey L. Cohen, Partner, Lowenstein Sandler LLP (New York) H. Joseph Acosta, Partner, FisherBroyles LLP (Dallas) Elise S. Frejka, Founding Member, Frejka PLLC (New York) 1

Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

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Page 1: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

ProfessionalFeesinLargeChapter11BankruptcyCasesNovember30,2017

1:00pm-3:00(Eastern)/Noon-2:00pm(Central)/10:00am-Noon(Pacific)

ConferenceDial-inPhoneNo:(312)667-4792AccessCode:260397

PanelistsJeffreyL.Cohen,Partner,LowensteinSandlerLLP(NewYork)H.JosephAcosta,Partner,FisherBroyles LLP(Dallas)

EliseS.Frejka,FoundingMember,Frejka PLLC(NewYork)1

Page 2: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

CLECall-inInstructions

Please use the NALFA dedicated conference call-in phone no. of (312) 667-4792with access code the 260397.

Inordertopreventbackgroundnoise,pleasemuteyourselfasyoujointhecall.Thehostmayalsomuteregisteredguestsasneeded.

Sincethecallis120-minuteprogram,youmaywantputthecallonspeaker.

Ifyougetdroppedfromthecall,youcancallbackin

Weencouragequestionsforourpanel.Ifyouhavequestionsforpanelistsbeforeorduringtheprogram,[email protected]

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Page 3: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

AboutNALFA

The National Association of Legal Fee Analysis (NALFA) is a 501(c)(6) non-profit professional association for the legal fee analysis field. Ourmembers provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billingmatters.

Courts and clients turn to us for expertise when attorney fees andexpenses are at issue in large, complex cases. NALFA members includefully qualified attorney fee experts, special fee masters, bankruptcy feeexaminers, fee dispute mediators and legal bill auditors. Our membersfollow Best Practices in Legal Fee Analysis.

For more on NALFA, visit www.thenalfa.org

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Page 4: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

NALFA2017CLESeriesSponsors

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Page 5: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

Panelists’BioJeffreyL.Cohen isapartneratLowensteinSandlerinNewYork.Atrustedadvisortounsecuredcreditors,creditors’committees,anddebtors,Jeff’stenaciouscounseladdssteadymomentumtoourgrowingclientbaseinretailbankruptcyandisastrongresourcetodistressedclientsinthetechnologysector.Hispracticecentersonchapter11bankruptcyreorganizationsandrelatedlitigation.Jeffhasservedascounseltothecreditors'committeeinseveralofthemostprominentretailandtechnologyChapter11casesinthecountry,notablyretailmatterssuchasVestis(EasternMountainSports,Bob’sStores,SportsChalet),CitySports,Skymall,Brookstone,BlockbusterVideo,Filene’sBasemen.

H. Joseph Acosta is a partner at FisherBroyles in Dallas. Joe has a broad base of bankruptcy, corporaterestructuring and commercial litigation experience, having worked at national and international law firms, like JonesDay and Cox Smith, for most of his career. During his 17 years as a lawyer, he has been involved in some of the largestand most complex restructurings and litigation projects in the United States. He has taken lead roles in successfullyrepresenting banks, financing companies, distressed companies, committees, trustees, individuals, landlords, assetpurchasers, retailers, and commercial creditors in all types of proceedings, including bankruptcy proceedings, federaland state lawsuits, arbitrations, and appeals.

Elise S. Frejka is the founding member of Frejka PLLC in New York. Elise’s practice is concentrated in the area’s ofcreditor rights, corporate restructuring, and privacy, and litigation. Her practice focuses on restructuring; crisismanagement; corporate governance; and financings; plus acquisitions involving distressed situations in a wide array ofindustries on behalf of debtors, creditors, chapter 11 trustees, creditors committees, ad hoc committees, institutionallenders, investors, hedge funds, private equity firms, and acquirers of distressed assets and securities. Elise hascounseled clients in every significant Ponzi scheme over the past decade.

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Page 6: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

PanelDiscussionOutline

I. OverviewofChapter11Bankruptcy

II. TheUse&RoleoftheBankruptcyFeeExaminer

III. RoleoftheU.S.TrusteeProgram

IV. USTPFee/BillingGuidelines

V. EstablishingHourlyRates&PreparingFeeApplications

VI. FeeApplicationRedFlags:Billing&Expenses

VII. “FeesforFees”BakerBottsv.Asarco andothernewerrelatedcases

VIII.Questions

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Page 7: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

OverviewofChapter11Bankruptcy

WhatisBankruptcy?

Bankruptcyisacourt-supervisedprocesspursuanttowhichdebtors(individualsandbusinesses)areabletoadjusttheirdebtsandlegalobligations.

Bankruptcyisintendedtoprovideafreshstartfordebtors;manyBankruptcyCodeprovisionsaredirectedatthispurpose.

Bankruptcyisalsointendedtopromotefairtreatmentamongcreditorsandotherinterestedparties.Note,thisdoesnotmeanthatcreditorswillbetreatedobjectivelyfairlyasconcernstheirrightsagainstthedebtor.

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Page 8: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

OverviewofChapter11Bankruptcy

CommonTypesofBankruptcy:Chapter7(Liquidation)

Chapter7governstheprocessofliquidation.

BusinessesandindividualsmayfileChapter7.

Uponfiling,abankruptcyestateiscreated.

AChapter7trusteeisappointedtoliquidatetheassetsoftheestate.Management,ofitisacorporatedebtor,isnolongerincontrolofthebusiness.

TheChapter7trusteesellsthedebtor’spropertyanddistributestheprocesstothecreditors.Ifnovaluableassetsexist,thetrusteewilldeemthecasea“noasset”caseandabandonthepropertybacktothedebtor.

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Page 9: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

OverviewofChapter11Bankruptcy

CommonTypesofBankruptcy:Chapter11(Reorganization)

Chapter11governstheprocessofreorganization.

BusinessesandindividualsmayfileChapter11.

Uponfiling,abankruptcyestateiscreated.Thebankruptcompanyiscalleddebtor-in-possession(DIP).

NotrusteeisimmediatelyappointedinaChapter11.Management,ifitisacorporatefiling,remainsincontroloftheDIPandmaycontinueoperatingthebusiness,includingemployingprofessionals,addressingcreditorclaims,andfilingreportstothecourt.

TheDIPhastheexclusiveright,foratime,tofileaplanofreorganization.

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Page 10: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

OverviewofChapter11Bankruptcy

OtherTypesofBankruptcies

Chapter9:Adjustmentofdebtsofamunicipalityandothergovernmentalentities.

Chapter12:Adjustmentofdebtsoffamilyfarmersandfishermenwithregularincomes.

Chapter13:Adjustmentofdebtsofindividualswithregularincomes.

Chapter15:Governsforeignandcross-borderinsolvencycases.

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Page 11: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

OverviewofChapter11Bankruptcy

KeyPlayers/InterestedPartiesinBankruptcyCases

Debtor/Debtor-in-Possession(DIP)

SecuredCreditor

UnsecuredCreditor

U.S.Trustee/USTP

CaseTrustee

FeeExaminer

CreditorsCommittee

Professionals

U.S.BankruptcyJudge

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Page 12: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

OverviewofChapter11Bankruptcy

TheU.S.TrusteePrograminChapter11Cases:TheBasics

DivisionwithintheDOJ.

Actstoprotecttheintegrityofthebankruptcysystem

Conductsinitialdebtorinterviewandmeetingofcreditors(341meeting)

Reviewsmonthlyoperatingreports,whichadvisespartiesofthedebtor’songoingbusinessoperations.

Professionalretentionandfeeapplicationoversight.

Mayrequestdismissal,conversionorappointmentofChapter11trusteewhendebtorfailstomeetobligationsundertheBankruptcyCode.

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Page 13: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

TheRole&UseoftheBankruptcyFeeExaminer

BankruptcyFeeExaminer:TheBasics

Thefeeexaminershouldbeabankruptcyexpertwhoisqualifiedtomakejudgmentsaboutthecosts,benefitsandefficiencyoftheapplicant’swork.

FeeexaminershavebeenappointedinlargecaseslikeLehmanBrothers,GeneralMotorsandAmericanAirlines.

TheUSTPGuidelinesencouragegreateruseoffeeexaminers.

Feeexaminerisguidedbythecourtorderestablishingtheexaminer’sdutiesandpowers.

Feeexaminersareindividuals,notfeeauditfirms.Feeauditfirmscanassistfeeexmainers.

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Page 14: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

TheUSTPFeeGuidelines

TheUSTPFeeGuidelines:TheBasics

FeeguidelinesforChapter11casesthatlist$50Mormoreinassetsand$50Mormoreinliabilities.

FeeGuidelinesdesignedtoensurestatutoryrequirementslimitingbankruptcyfeestoMarketRates– notPremiumRates.

TheUSTPissueditsoriginalguidelinesin1996.

Thefeeguidelinesarenotlegallybinding,buttheUSTPintendstolobbybankruptcycourtstoincorporatethemintotheirlocalrulesofprocedure.

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Page 15: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

TheUSTPFeeGuidelines

WhataretheUSTPFeeGuidelines?

RequiredbyStatute(1994BankruptcyReformAct)

UniformandConsistent

u Internalguidanceforfeereview

u Expectationsofprofessionals

u Groundsforpossibleobjections

InitialUSTPGuidelines(AppendixA)forallchapter11casesbecameeffectivein1996.

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Page 16: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

TheUSTPFeeGuidelines

WhathasChangedSince1978and1996?Outsidebankruptcy

u Clientrevolutioninmanagingandpayingcounsel

u Newtechnology

Insidebankruptcy

u Bigcasesevenbigger

u Proliferationinnumberofprofessionals

u Feereviewmorechallenging

u Non-bankruptcymarketpracticesnotfollowed

u Third-partypaymentandapprovaldistortcompensation

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Page 17: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

TheUSTPFeeGuidelines

FeeGuidelinesforLargeChapter11Cases(AppendixB)Processforadoption:

u Twoyears

u Pre-draftingconsultation

u Twodraftsforpubliccomment

uDOJPublicMeeting

uAssoc.AGannouncedJune11,2013

uEffectivefor“large”(>$50millioninbothassetsanddebts)chapter11casesfiledafterNovember1,2013.

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Page 18: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

TheUSTPFeeGuidelines

HighlightsofPublicComments&RevisionsGenerally,thefinalGuidelinesprovidefor:Ashowingthatrateschargedreflectmarketratesoutsideofbankruptcy.Theuseofbudgetsandstaffingplans.Thedisclosureofrateincreasesthatoccurduringtherepresentation.Thesubmissionofbillingrecordsinanopen,searchableelectronicformat.Theuseoffeeexaminers.Theuseof“efficiency”counsel.

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Page 19: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

TheUSTPFeeGuidelinesFindingsofGAOReport:CorporateBankruptcy- StakeholdersHaveMixedViewsonAttorneys’FeeGuidelinesandVenueSelectionforLargeChapter11Cases15of18AssistantU.S.Trusteesreportedthattheythoughttheguidelineswerelikelytohaveapositiveeffectontransparency,efficiency,orfees.

8of14bankruptcyattorneyssaidtheguidelineswereunlikelytohaveaneffectontransparency,efficiency,orfees.

4of14bankruptcyattorneyssaidtheguidelineswouldincreasetransparency,but3ofthe4notedthattheguidelineswouldnotimprovetheefficiencyofcasesorreducethefeesawarded.Forexample,1attorneyexplainedthatthebestwaytoreducefeesinbankruptcyistoimproveefficiencytoreducetheoveralltimeacasetakestocomplete,andhewasnotsurewhetherthe2013guidelineswouldbeabletodoso.11of25judgesrespondedthattheguidelineswerelikelytohaveanpositiveeffectontransparency,efficiency,orfees.10of25judgesrespondedthattheywerenotlikelytohaveapositiveeffect.

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Page 20: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

Statutes&Rules:Chapter11&Fees

11 U.S.C. § 330(a) sets standards for allowance of fees and expenses to be paid from theestate.

u Fees must be reasonable compensation for actual, necessary services.

u Expenses must be actual and necessary.

Fed. R. Bankr. P. 2016(a) prescribes content of fee applications.

28 U.S.C. § 586(a)(3)(A) requires U.S. Trustee to review applications in accordance withuniform guidelines and to comment on or object to such applications.

Courts have the independent obligation to review fee applications.

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Page 21: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

FeeReviewUnderTheBankruptcyCode

Morecomplexcasesledtoagreaternumberofmorevoluminousapplications.

u Multiplicityofprofessionalsforbothdebtorandcommittee.

u PlacedburdenoncourtstaffandU.S.Trusteepersonnel.

Privatedevelopmentofcomputerprogramsforfeeanalysis.

Courtsbeganretainingprivatefeeanalyststoprovidereportsonapplications.

u Beganaroundearly1990s(e.g.,ContinentalAirlines,D.Del.).

Feecommitteesdevelopedsomewhatlater.

u CommitteesappointedinUnitedAirlines,K-Mart,BethlehemSteel,Worldcom,EnronandAdelphia.

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Page 22: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

FeeCommitteesandExaminersunderLargeCaseFeeGuidelines

USTPwillordinarilyseekappointmentofa“feereviewentity”inalargechapter11case.Possibleexceptions:

u Trueprepackagedcase.

u Casewherenumberofestate-paidprofessionalswillclearlybesmall.

USTPwillconsultearlyincasewithdebtorandcommitteeaboutstipulatingtoappointmentoffeeexaminerorcommittee.

u Timingisimportant.Adelayedappointmentcanhamperthefeeprocess.

u Thestipulationwillbepresentedtothecourtasanorder.

u Suchagreementshavebeenverycommon.

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Page 23: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

FeeReviewModels

FeeExaminer(not§ 1104examiner)

u Examples:GM,AmericanAirlines

FeeCommitteewithIndependentChair

u Examples:Enron,LehmanBros.

FeeCommittee

u Examples:Worldcom,GGP,Adelphia

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Page 24: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

FeeReviewValue

Anexperiencedbankruptcyprofessionalwillserveasindependentmemberorexaminer

u Morethanfeeauditorfocusedonnumbers

u Raiseimportantlegalissuesforadjudication

Rigorousreviewshoulddeterbadpractices.Earlycorrectionmayavoidlargerproblemslater.

Feesreducedvs.costofreviewisnot apropermeasureofsuccess.

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Page 25: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

Tensionbetweenrepresentingthefiduciaryclientandcertainchoicesaboutworkandstaffing

Fiduciarydutiesofestate-paidprofessionalstendtoleadtocertainchoicesintermsofworkdoneandthestaffingofthatwork.

FeeCommittee/FeeExaminerasanaidtotheCourt’sdeterminationofreasonableness.

u Oftendifferentdynamicbetweenretainedprofessionalsandfeeexaminervs.feecommittee.

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Page 26: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

GeneralPhilosophyIt’simportanttogatherthefacts,includingaskingtheprofessionalswhytheymadecertainchoices.Askingisbetterthanassuming.

Creatingageneralunderstandingupfrontsavesmisunderstandingslateron.

u Whatispresumptivelyreasonableinthecontextofagivencase?

u Howdowecommunicateaboutexceptionstorebuttablepresumptions?

u Communicationandplanningarekey.

u Whoshouldbeprimarycontactonbehalfofretainedprofessional?

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Page 27: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

Sortable datamatters.

LEDESformatisveryuseful(https://ledes.org)

Notquiteasuseful:Excelversionsofdata;searchablePDFs.

u Ittakestimeto“unblock”block-billingandtosortthroughvaguedescriptions.

u Don’tgiveawaythisbilledtimebybeingimprecise.

Descriptions matter.Don’tmakethefeereviewerguesswhatyou’redescribingintermsofworkdone.

u “Attentiontofile”hasneverbeenausefuldescription.

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Page 28: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

The4.5BasicConsiderations:

AretheprofessionalsdoingtheworkthattheBankruptcyCourtauthorizedthemtodo?

Aretheyusingtheappropriatestaffing tocarryouttheirwork?

Aretheyspendingareasonableamountoftime doingthework?

Whatisthequality ofthework?

(Andthe.5)Aretheexpenses reasonable?

u Real-lifeexamples:$140shirtbilledtotheestate;in-roommovies.

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Page 29: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

FirstThingsFirst:WhatdoestheOrderAuthorizingEmploymentSay?

Overlayacrossprofessionals—contextspecific.

“MissionCreep”

Asworkexpands,havetheprofessionalsgottenanamendedorderauthorizinganexpandedscope?

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Page 30: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

MovingFromtheOrdertotheBudget

Budgetvs.Actual—anyunusualvariance?Explanation?

Clientsign-offonbudget/actual?

PracticePointer:budgetsareverydifficultinthechapter11context.Periodicreviewandrevisiontopreviouslysubmittedbudgetswillmakethemmoreusefultoyourfeeexaminer.

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Page 31: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

“FirstSlices”

%oftimespentpreppingthefeeapplication.

Foreachprojectbillingcategoryeachmonth:

u Sortbyname,rank(partner,associate,paralegal,orsomeothercategory),andhourlyrate.

u Sort by how much time each of them spent.

u Sortinorderfromthepersonwhobilledthemosttimetothepersonwhobilledtheleasttime.

Aim:“lowestefficientbiller.”

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Page 32: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

SpeakingofEfficiency:

How many ≥14+ hours days in a row? Explanationfor have several days in a row while operating in ahighly sleep-deprived environment?

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Page 33: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

Eyeballingthe“Quality”

Forworkthattook≥20hoursofbilledtime,lookattheworkproduceitself.

u Real-lifeexample:32hoursofworkforan8-pagestayreliefmotion.

Confidentialityagreementsforworkproductthatisnotpartofapublicrecord.

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Page 34: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

RedFlagsTriggeringFollow-upQuestions:

Vaguetimeentries.

Block-billedentries.

#ofpeopledoingaparticulartaskataparticulartimewithoutaclearexplanationofwhythesepeoplewereallworkingonaproject.

Top-heavy(highhourlyrates)billingontasksthatdon’trequirehighlevelsofexperienceandjudgment.

Thingsthathavetraditionallycountedasoverheadbeingchargedtotheestate.

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Page 35: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

MoreRedFlags:

.1forreadingeachentryonaday’sdocket,orseveralpeopleallreviewingthedocketforthesamereason.

Notfollowinglocalrulesforthingslikecarservices/meals/non-workingtraveltime.

Abnormallyhighairfareorhotelrates.

Unusual hourly rate increases or increases that did not first get clientapproval.

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Page 36: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

RedFlagReal-LifeExamples:Expenses

Tensofthousandofdollarstomakecharts(presumablyfromExceldata).

Cellphoneschargedtotheestate.

A$140shirtchargedtotheestate.

A$200,000lobsterdinnertoboost“morale”foremployeesstuckon-siteforseveralweeksinarow.

And a counter-example: eating snacks from a mini-bar when there were norestaurants (or room service options) open by the time the person got back tothe hotel room.

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Page 37: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

HelpfulThingsforEstate-PaidProfessionalstodo:

Identify the time (and the value of the time) that you write off.Ask yourself: “If I didn’t already know the case inside and out, would thisdescription make sense to me?”When in doubt, ask in advance. Good fee examiners want professionals to beable to recover their reasonable fees.Spend meaningful time reviewing pre-bills and making necessary revisionsand/or write-offs in advance.Have the partner in charge of the engagement involved in resolution discussionswith the fee examiner.

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Page 38: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

FeesforFees:Post-AsarcoCases

DiscussionTopics:

CaseIssues:CompensationforthedefenseofafeeapplicationinBankruptcyCode?HasAsarcoclosedthedoor?Arethereexceptions?Arethereworkarounds?

Pros/Consof“FeesforFees”

ThoughtsonInreHungryHorse(NewMexico,2017)

Othercases:Boomerang

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Page 39: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

NALFABonusMaterial:NALFAAnalysis:PartnerBankruptcyRates

NALFAconductedasurveyofpartnerhourlyratesinbankruptcycases. NALFAexamineddozensofcourtfilingsinbankruptcycasesoverthepastcoupleyears. Thefollowingresultsofoursurveyaretheaverageofpartnerhourlyraterangesinmajorlegalmarkets:

2017:$1005-$8782016:$921-$8072015:$886-$783

Keyfindings: Notonlyhavepartnerratesincreasedeveryyear,butthevariance(i.e.therangeofrates)hasincreasedaswell.

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Page 40: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

NALFABonusMaterial:Chapter11BankruptcyStats

Since2010,therehavebeenmorethat53,000Chapter11bankruptcyfilings.

u 765bylargecompanieswithassetsandliabilitieseachof$50Mormore.

u Themajority(61percent)oflargeChapter11casesareadjudicatedintwojurisdictions:theSouthernDistrictofNewYorkandtheDistrictofDelaware.

Source: GAO Report

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Page 41: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

NALFABonusMaterial:FeeAwardFactors

The18AttorneyFeeAwardFactorsReasonable,PrevailingHourlyRates

ReasonablenessoftheNumberofHoursBilled

PercentageoftheFund:FeesinRelationtotheEconomicValueoftheSettlement/Judgment

SuccessfulResultsObtainedfortheNumberofClient(s)

RiskoftheLitigation:Non-Payment

RiskoftheLitigation:PreclusionofOtherCases

QualityoftheWorkandRepresentation

Experience,Reputation,andAbilityoftheAttorneys

NoveltyandDifficultyoftheLegalIssuesintheUnderlyingCase

EfficientLitigationManagementPractices:CaseStaffingandTaskAssignments

EconomicExposure:FeesinRelationtotheAmountatStakeintheUnderlyingCase

FeesinRelationtoSimilarCases

NatureoftheWorkingRelationshipwithOpposingCounsel

CustomaryTimekeepingBillingPractices

BillingJudgment

PublicPolicyConsiderations

NatureandLengthoftheAttorney-ClientRelationship

FeesinRelationtoFeesofOpposingCounsel

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Page 42: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

NALFABonusMaterial:BillingPractices

TheBasics:ExerciseGoodBillingJudgment

InsufficientDetail/VagueTimeEntries

UndisclosedTimekeepers

Block-Billing

MinimumorFormulaTimeCharges

Rounding

UnusualNumberofLongDays

MultipleBillers/DuplicationofEffort

BillingTravelTime,ClericalWork&InvoicePreparation

InefficientStaffing/ImproperDelegation

ExcessiveReviews&Revisions

ExcessiveResearch

ExcessiveIntra-OfficeConferencing

ExcessiveAbstracting,SummarizingandIndexing

Non-ReimbursableActivities,RepeatEntries&TypographicalErrors

UnapprovedExpensesorOverhead

UnauthorizedRateIncreases

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Page 43: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

NALFABonusMaterial:BestPracticesinLegalFeeAnalysis

Legalfeeanalysisisthecomprehensivereviewandanalysisofattorneyfeesandcostsbyanoutsidepartyinalegalmatter. Professionalswhoroutinelyperformoutsideorthird-partylegalfeeanalysisincludeattorneyfeeexperts,specialfeemasters,bankruptcyfeeexaminers,feedisputemediators,andlegalbillauditors.

Thefollowingbestpracticesmeasuresweredevelopedoverseveralyearswithinputandconsensusfromthoughtleadersfromacrossthelegalfeeanalysiscommunity. Thesebestpracticemeasurespromotevaluessuchasethics,independence,andprofessionaldevelopment. Thesepeerreviewdrivenstandardshelpstrengthenthelegalfeeanalysisfieldbyensuringintegrityintheprocessandreliabilityintheresults.

Allourmembers(i.e.fullyqualifiedattorneyfeeexperts,specialfeemasters,bankruptcyfeeexaminers,feedisputemediators,andlegalbillauditors)aresignatoriestoBestPracticesinLegalFeeAnalysis:

1. Adheretotheproperstandardofreasonableness.

2. Observeaconsistentandreliablemethodology.

3. Keepupdatedonthelatestjurisprudenceonreasonableattorneyfeesandexpenses.

4. Keepupdatedonthelatestscholarshiponreasonableattorneyfeesandexpenses(i.e.empiricalpapers,studies,surveys,andreports).

5. ParticipateinprofessionaldevelopmentandCLEprogramsonlitigationmanagement,attorneyfeesandlegalbillingtopics.

6. Donotadvertisefalseorintentionallymisleadinginformationorofferanyguaranteeofoutcome.

7. Donotchargeonacontingencybasis(i.e.basedontheresultsobtained).

8. Donotacceptacaseorclientwherethereisaninherentconflictofinterest.

9. Keepallfee,billing,andworkproductinformationinstrictconfidence.

10.Utilizetechnologywherepossible.

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Page 44: Professional Fees in Large Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases · members provide a range of services on attorney fee and legal billing matters. Courts and clients turn to us for expertise

NALFABonusMaterial:RecentNALFABankruptcyNewsBlogHeadlines

NALFAmanagesanationalnewsblogthatcoversattorneyfeeissuesfromacrosstheU.S.Wecoverattorneyfeeawards,attorneyfeerequests,attorneyfeedisputes,feescholarshipandfeejurisprudence,nationwide.Formoreonourblogvisithttp://www.thenalfa.org/blog/.Herearesomerecentblogheadlinesrelatedtoattorneyfeesinbankruptcy:

NALFAAnalysis:PartnerBankruptcyRates(October27,2017)

LawFirmResolvesFeeDisputeinSungevityChapter11Bankruptcy (October9,2017)

$925MinFeesforMadoff-RelatedMatter(September10,2017)

$32MMoreinFeesinMadoffBankruptcy(September4,2017)

CreditorQuestionsFeesinLaPalomaBankruptcy (August30,2017)

BigMonthlyLegalFeesinTakata Bankruptcy(August22,2017)

AttorneysNet$8.75MinBarclay’sForeignExchangeMisuseSettlement (July28,2017)

$15MinLegalFeesinArchdioceseBankruptcy(May24,2017)

NALFAPodcastwithBankruptcyFeeExaminerRobertM.Fishman(April17,2017)

NortelCreditorsChallenge$4MinFeesinChapter11Case(March20,2017)

NALFAQuotedinALM’sDailyBusinessReview(March1,2017)

CaesarsBankruptcyWindsDownwith$150MinLegalFeesandCounting(January13,2017)

FeeAnalysis:EnergyBankruptcyCases(January9,2017)

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NALFABonusMaterial:NALFARecognizesNation’sMostInfluential

AttorneyFeeScholarshipAttorneyfeescholarshipreferstoempiricalpapers,reportsandstudiesonattorneyfees.Thesemostlyacademicworkshavebeenheavilysitedbymembersofthebarintheirfeeapplicationsandmembersofthebenchintheirfeerulings.Indeed,attorneyfeescholarship drivesattorneyfeejurisprudence.NALFAwouldliketoformallyandofficiallyacknowledgetheseseminalworksonattorneyfees.Herearethenation’smostinfluentialscholarshiponattorneyfeesandexpenses.

u Theodore Eisenberg and Geoffrey P. Miller, “Attorney Fees and Expenses in Class Action Settlements: 1993-2008” (Journal of Empirical LegalStudies)

u Brian T. Fitzpatrick, “An Empirical Study of Class Action Settlements and Their Fee Awards” (Journal of Empirical Studies)

u Brian T. Fitzpatrick, “Do Class Action Lawyers Make Too Little?” (University of Pennsylvania Law Review)

u Lynn A. Baker, Michael A. Perino and Charles M. Silver, “Setting Attorneys’ Fees in Securities Class Actions: An Empirical Assessment”(Vanderbilt Law Review)

u Michael A. Perino, “Markets and Monitors: The Impact of Competition and Experience on Attorneys’ Fees in Securities Class Actions” (St.John’s University School of Law)

u Theodore Eisenberg and Geoffrey P. Miller, “What is a Reasonable Attorney Fee? An Empirical Study of Class Action Settlements” (CornellLaw Faculty Publications)

u Theodore Eisenberg, Geoffrey P. Miller and Michael A. Perino, “A New Look at the Judicial Impact: Attorneys’ Fees in Securities Class ActionsAfter Goldberg v. Integrated Resources, Inc.” (Washington University Journal of Law & Policy)

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EarnaCertificateinReasonableAttorneyFeesNALFAisthenation'sleadingCLEproviderofeventsandprogramsonattorneyfeeandlegalbillingtopics. Since2008,NALFAhashostedover20differenteventsandprogramsonattorneyfeeandlegalbillingmatters. HundredsofattorneysandotherprofessionalsfromacrosstheU.S.haveregisteredandparticipatedintheseprograms. Ourfacultyhasincludedsomeofthenation’stopattorneyfeeexperts,scholarsofattorneyfeejurisprudenceandsittingfederaljudges.

NALFAisnowofferingaCertificateinReasonableAttorneyFeesforregisteredguestsofmultipleprograms.Registeredguestsof4ormoreprogramswillearnaCertificateinReasonableAttorneyFees,thenation’sfirstandonlycertificationofitskind.Thiscertificateisopentoparalegalsandclaimprofessionals.

FormoreonNALFACLEandprofessionaldevelopmentprograms,visithttp://www.thenalfa.org/CLE-Programs/.

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Comments/Suggestions?

In order to improve our CLE programs on attorney fee and legalbilling topics, we welcome your comments and/or suggestions.

Please feel free to share your comments and/or suggestions onthis CLE program.

Please email comments and/or suggestions to NALFA ExecutiveDirector Terry Jesse at [email protected]

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CLECreditHours

This is a multi-state CLE program. NALFA has sought 2.00CLE credit hours in CA, DE, FL, IL, PA & TX.We’ll be emailing Certificates of Attendance to allregistered guests soon. In the meantime, if you have anyquestion regarding CLE credit hours, contact Terry Jesseat [email protected] or call us at (312) 907-7275.

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NALFAContact&SocialMediaInfoWebsite:www.thenalfa.org

FeeDisputeHotline:312.907.7275

FollowusonTwitter:@AttorneyFees

LinkedinGroup:https://www.linkedin.com/groups/1313787

PodcastsonSoundCloud:https://soundcloud.com/thenalfa

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ThankYou…andWelcometoNALFA!

Now that you’ve participated in one of our CLEprograms, welcome to the NALFA family!As a NALFA registered guest, you can now save$75.00 on ALL and ANY future NALFA programs!

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