PRODUCTIVITY

• IS CONCERNED WITH THE RESULTS OF INVESTMENTS MADE.

• COMPANIES AND SHAREHOLDERS INVEST IN INDUSTRY TO MAKE A PROFIT.

• POOR PRODUCTIVITY DOES NOT ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO INVEST.

• QUALITY, GOOD DESIGN AND MARKETING HAS MADE THE UK WORLD CLASS IN PRODUCTIVITY

SCALE OF PRODUCTION

• PROCESS PRODUCTIONProcess production, is also known as continuous

production this is the name given to those manufacturing processes that are continuous and are only economic if they are kept running.

This is true especially of gas, chemical and oil also aluminium, plastics and steel.

All the above require high investment in capital equipment

MASS PRODUCTION

• High volume mass production is necessary for consumer products such as computers TV sets and cars.

• Mass production also requires in vestment in machinery, however this is often balanced by low workforce costs. Often located in areas where labour is cheap.

• The work is unskilled and easy to learn with flexibility in working practice.

BATCH PRODUCTION

• Batches, or production runs, can be repeated any number of times.

• The important feature of batch production is that the process, machines, tools and workforce are flexible.

• The ability to change from one component to another is crucial.

• Change over delay is known as Down Time ( non productive )

JOBBING PRODUCTION• Jobbing production, or one-off

productionThis refers to the specialised process

involved in the manufacture of single items such as, power stations, bridges, space crafts and craft based products such as jewellery.

Jobbing has a high cost and often requires highly skilled personnel.

SUMMARY OF PRODUCTION

• It is important to recognise that industrial manufacturing is rarely as simple as this.

• Most manufacturing is a mixture of all types of production processes.

• The key is to remain flexible and competitive