Production techniques / technology used Katalin T. Biró · 2007. 1. 24. · 3 K. T. Biró, EPISCON course 23/01/2007 Unequal pace of technical/cultural development? K. T. Biró,

1

K. T. Biró, EPISCON course 23/01/2007

Production techniques / technology usedto create monuments and art objects

Katalin T. Biró

[email protected]


What do we already know about...

Production techniques / technology?

Inventions?

Archaeological time scales and chronological systems?

Archaeologial sites, site formation?

Monuments and art objets?

2


General scheme:

from raw materialto archaeologicalfind


Unequal pace oftechnical/culturaldevelopment

3


Unequal pace of technical/cultural development

?


Prehistory

Traditional division:

- stone age

- bronze age

- iron age

Concept of cultures

4


Prehistory


Prehistory

„Lithic” periods

- HG societies

- early agriculturalists

Earliest metals

5


Palaeolithic lore

Lower Palaeolithicobsidian tools, N Africa(1.8 Ma), after(Gowlett—Crompton1994, Fig. 12


Palaeolithic lore

Early Upper Palaeolithicleafpoints, Szeleta cave(cca. 36 kyear)

Visy ed., Hungarian Archaeology at the turn of the Millennium

6


Palaeolithic lore

Upper Palaeolithic stonetools, Bodrogkeresztúr(cca. 28 kyear)



Palaeolithic lore

Lower Palaeolithic bonefragments used for fuel,Vértesszőlős (0.4 Ma),

7


Palaeolithic lore

Schöningen, LowerPalaeolithic woodenspears (400 kyear)

http://www.uni-greifswald.de/~histor/~ufg/mitarbeiter/terberger/Terberger1_LoRes.pdf

Thieme, H. 1999. AltpaläolithischeHolzgeräte aus Schönigen, Lkr.Helmstedt. Bedeutsame Funde zurKulturentwicklung des frühen Menschen.Germania 77, 1999, 451-487.


Palaeolithic lore

Mesolithic constructionJásztelek (cca. 10 kyear)


8


Palaeolithic lore


Palaeolithic lore

Earliest ceramics

Dolní Vestonice

27 kyear

burnt in kiln

9


Palaeolithic lore

Recovering PerishableTechnologies through Use Wear onTools: Preliminary Evidence forUpper Paleolithic Weaving andNet Making1olga sofferDepartment of Anthropology, University of Illinois,109Davenport Hall, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A. ([email protected]). 15 i 04


Palaeolithic lore

Olga Soffer

10


Palaeolithic lore

http://pwp.netcabo.pt/jbmiranda/lascaux.gif


Early agriculturalists

11


Early agriculturalists

http://pg.squids.images.focus.de/img/gen/N/F/HBNFAbLaWp6_Pxgen_r_385xA.jpg

Das mit 7000 Jahren älteste Sonnenobservatorium der Welt in Goseck(Archivbild) gilt als Meilenstein in der Archäologie und Astronomie


Early agriculturalists Model of complex flint mine

12


Early agriculturalists Krzemionki


First metals


Tool kit from Szeged-Szillér

13


Early State skills Gizah, Egypt


Early State skills Teotihuacan

14


Ancient civilisations

http://jfbradu.free.fr/GRECEANTIQUE/crete/santorin/akrotiri/akrotiri.htm



http://www.mmtaylor.net/Holiday2000/Santorini/Santorini_pix/Akrotiri.table.wood.jpg

A plaster cast of aTheran table of1650 BC (colouredby me to make itlook like wood)

15



http://amberroad.menrich.com/hu/szombathely.htm



http://www.zum.de/Faecher/Materialien/bosch/latein/aqaedukt.jpg

Pont du Gard in France

16



http://www.nasa.gov/vision/space/workinginspace/great_wall.html



http://esamultimedia.esa.int/images/Proba/cina.jpg

17


Mediaeval world

Mencshely (EN/MN,~7300 BP

Somoskő, XVth c. AD


Early industrial societies

http://people.csp.edu/saylor/courses_Fall2005/HIS121/Watt%20steam%20engine.jpg

Watt’s steam engine

18


Monuments and art of modern age

http://www.rsportscars.com/eng/articles/images01/ferrari_fxx.jpg



http://www.geocaching.hu/logimages/2006-03/3033_20060326_073921.jpg

19





Light pollution (1)

http://www.astronomy.org/StarWatch/November/index-11-01.html

20



Light pollution (2)

http://www.planetmountain.com/News/2005/12/nightsky02.jpg

Documents

Production techniques / technology used Katalin T. Biró · 2007. 1. 24. · 3 K. T. Biró, EPISCON course 23/01/2007 Unequal pace of technical/cultural development? K. T. Biró,