PRODUCTION OF BDO

8/20/2019 PRODUCTION OF BDO

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/production-of-bdo 1/144

Production of 35 000 metrictonnes

1,4- Butanediol

EH 221L

GROUP MEMBERS

NURUL SYAZMIMI BINTI HAMZAH

FAIZ SHAFIQ BIN ZAILI

NURUL ATIKAHAFIFAH BINTI MD FAUZI

NUR HIDAYAH BINTI MOHD SANIP

SAIFUL BAHRI BIN LIMAN

IKHWAN AMADI BIN ZULKIFLI

SUP RVISOR

PROF. MADYA DR. AYUB MD SOM





Outline



Molecular formula:

Also known as

Tetramethylene glycohydroxybutane

colorless iscous li!ui

Molecular formula:

Also known as

Tetramethylene glycohydroxybutane

colorless iscous li!ui



Property Description

"hysical state #i!uid

Melting $ free%ing &oint '()1

*oiling &oint ''+

lash &oint 14.

/ater 0olubility soluble

0elf-gnitable 23

Property Description

"hysical state #i!uid

Melting $ free%ing &oint

*oiling &oint

lash &oint

/ater 0olubility soluble

0elf-gnitable

Source: (BioAmb



Eect Assesment Result

5outes of ex&osure

• 6an gie e7ect through the skin, i

inhalation)

• 0light eye and skin irritant)

• Oerex&osure may cause coughin

of breath, di%%iness, central ner

de&ression, intoxication, and colla&

A!uatic 8cotoxicity9ot harmful to a!uatic inertebrate

&lant)

"ersistence and degradability

This material is ex&ected to

biodegradable)





Source: (In





Process Ra !ateri

5e&&e• Acetylene• ormaldehyde

A56O • "ro&ylene oxid

Mitsubishi • 1,2 *utadiene

*ioAmber • *io-succinic ac





















Process Ad#anta$e Disad#anta$e

Reppe

• 0hort &roduction

&rocess

• igh &roduction

e;ciency

• #ow o&erating cost

• <angerous long

trans&ort for ac

• #imited aailab

acetylene

• 8x&ensie e!ui

AR%&

• 0im&le &roduction

technology

• 8;cient utili%ation of

steam from &roduction

&rocess

• "roduced more



Process Ad#anta$e Disad#anta$

Mitsubishi

• #ittle li!uid waste &roduced

• 6o-&roduction of

tetrahydrofuran

• 6om&licated

&roduction &

• igh inestm

• 8nergy cons

• 0erious eros

e!ui&ment

*ioAmber

• 5enewable feedstock

• 8conomic sustainability

• *etter enironment

• 6oncern reg

feedstock fr

food su&&ly



'actor

(ndicator

ei$)ta$

e *+

Reppe AR%& !itsuis)i

0core

=1-1((>

/eight-

age

score

0core

=1-1((>

/eight-

age

score

0core

=1-1((>

/eight-

age

score

Ra

material'3 ( 13 ?( 1?)3 ( 13

Reaction 13 ?3 11)'3 3( ?)3 3 .)?3

A#ailailit

y13 3( ?)3 ( . ( .

&utput 1( 33 3)3 4( 4 (

.afety 13 4( ( . 3( ?)3

/otal 1(( 33)'3 3? 33)'3









ydrogenation ofdiethyl succinateto butanediol

6atalyst:6uO$nO

5eactor: ixedbed reactor



Reaction Reactants Product By-p

8steriBcation• 0uccinic acid• 8thanol

• <iethylsuccinate

• 9o

ydrogenation• ydrogen• <iethyl

succinate

• *utanediol• Tet

an• Ca

but





ODT#98







Price of 1, 4-Butanediol



Price of 1, 4 ButanediolRe$ion Price

*.D"ton

Dnited 0tates '?+(-2(((

Asia '?2?-'?44

/estern 8uro&e '1..-''4

Euipment nit %P0*2015

*.D

%B!*2015

*.D5eactor ' 112,1.4)3+ 43',??+)2(+

<istillation

6olumn =base

condition>

' 42,.1)(4.4 441,+(2)3?

6om&ressor 1 1((,+')4( ?(4,??)?+

"um& 4 ?,(3?)(( 2,'(')4'

eater 4 +2,342)(+ 2(',?.4)?+

6ooler 4 2,4(3)2( '12,44()1(

TOTA# 8ED"M89T 6O0T, 6 T*M F 4,?(

Estimation of purc)ased euipment costs



%onti$ency and fee

costs, %'%

%'% 01 6%B!,i 47,77

Total module costs, 6 TM 6 TM F 1)1+G6*M, F 66 H

6 T*M

3,33(,2

Auxiliary facilities costs, 6A 6A F ()2( G6*M,i 1,411,

Crass roots costs, 6C5 6C5 F 6 TM H ()2( G6*M,i ,.1,4





Equipment Utiit! "#$t Ye%&

"#mp&e$$#& 'K*+,, A(B) Electric rate 0.07US!"#

Pump 'P*+,, A(B) Electric rate 0.07US!"#

Pump 'P*+,+ A(B) Electric rate 0.07US!"#

Pump 'P*+,- A(B) Electric rate 0.07US!"#

Pump 'P*+, A(B) Electric rate 0.07US!"#

He%te& 'E*+,, A(B) Stea *ro +oiler (-S) &.28 US!/

He%te& 'E*+,+ A(B) Stea *ro +oiler (-S) &.28 US!/

He%te& 'E*+,- A(B) Stea *ro +oiler (-S) &.28 US!/

He%te& 'E*+, A(B) Stea *ro +oiler (-S) &.28 US!/

He%te& 'E*+,/ A(B) Stea *ro +oiler (-S) &.28 US!/

"##e& 'E*+,0A(B) 1oolin water %.%&(3!/)

"##e& 'E*+,1 A(B) 1ooin water %.%&(3!/)

"##e& 'E*+,2 A(B) 1oolin water %.%&(3!/)

T#t% 3#$t #4 utiitie$5 "UT 6



/)e total of manufacturin$ cost it)out depreciation

Ra !aterial %ost

*.D"!/

8uantity

*!/"year

%ost *.D"ye

*io-succinic acid '((( 2(3(?)+( 1,(13,(

ydrogen 13(( 13.')'4 ',2++,2(

8thanol 13( 1+.+4)(4 2,3?3,?1)

TOTA# 77,9:9,:



The taxation rate is assumed to '(I

based on the oerall taxation raterange

• 5eenue, 5 is the sale cost of &roductwhich is 1-4 *utanediol) The calculation oreenue is as follow:



/here, n F year and inom F 3)4I

;ear, n (n#estment After /a< %as) %as) =o %as) =o %umulati#e



'lo *>on-

discounted

*discounted cas) =o

*>on-

Discounted

( 4,.1,(?3)1+ - -

4,.1,(?3)1

+

-4,.1,(?3)1+

-4,.1,(?3)11 1,+24,.3?)+2 - -

1,+24,.3?)+

2

-1,?4(,.4)?1

-,?31,(22)(' ',?3',42)?4 - -

',?3',42)?

4

-',4??,'+)14

-.,3(2,4.)?

2 - 4,'+?,.1.)+1

4

4,'+?,.1.)+

1

2,',(34)

-3,'13,34.).4 - 4,2'2,.'?)23

.

4,2'2,.'?)2

2,3(2,11)3'

-+.1,'')33 - 4,'+3,31.)21

1

4,'+3,31.)2

1

2,'.4,3+')1

2,2.2,+.)? - 4,'',4?4,4+

2

4,'',4?4,4

+2

2,1(+,.+1,4'1)

.4

4,'3,++,2?

)?







8uantity ?ariale %ost,

?%

/otal Re#enue,

/R

'i<ed %ost,

'%

/otal %ost, /%

'% @ ?%( ( ( +4,2(3,3+2).4

4,3+?,+.4)3?1(,(((

+2,+22)+ '2,(((,(((

+4,2(3,3+2).4 ?',2?.,.4.

'(,(((

1,?'?,?)2 4,(((,(((

+4,2(3,3+2).4 14(,1?',((4

2(,(((

',3.1,3(1)(4 .,(((,(((

+4,2(3,3+2).4 '(?,.4,(3.

4(,(((

2,433,224)?' .',(((,(((

+4,2(3,3+2).4 '?3,?3,114

3(,(((

4,21.,1+)4 113,(((,(((

+4,2(3,3+2).4 242,34+,1.

(,(((

3,1+2,((')(+ 12+,(((,(((+4,2(3,3+2).4 411,24(,''4

?(,(((

,(4,+23)? 11,(((,(((

+4,2(3,3+2).4 4?.,12','?.

+(,(((

,.1(,.)44 1+4,(((,(((

+4,2(3,3+2).4 34,.'4,224

.(,(((

?,??4,3(2)1' '(?,(((,(((

+4,2(3,3+2).4 14,?1,2++

1((,(((

+,2+,22)+ '2(,(((,(((

+4,2(3,3+2).4 +',3(+,442









Outline

Marketing 1,4 J*utanediol 6om&arison between country

6riteria for site location

Market, #abor,6ost etc)

6om&arison between ndustrial 8state

0ite location &ro&osed of &roduction &





The right location allows maximum &roBt with minimum o&erating cos

allowance future ex&ansion)

0election criteria for location:-



33I

1.I

'3I1I

lo-al BD& production, 2015

A0A "A6,6

8D5O"8

9O5T:AM856A

OT:85

Source: (Merchant Research & Consulting Report, 201!)



>o %ountryProduction

capacity *!/"y&ner

&

1 0arnia, Ontario 2( ((( *ioAmber

2 #estrem , rance 3(( 5eerdia

3 #ake "roidence, #ouisiana ?? 2(( Myriant

4 *arcelona, 0&ain '3 ((( *A0-"D5A6

5 "omacle, rance 2 ((( *ioAmber

7 #euna, Cermany 3 ((( Myriant

: 6assano 0&inola, taly 1( ((( 5eerdia

Rayon$, /)ailand 75 000 BioAmer

0ource:=<oris de Cu%man, '(12>

http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/%23_ENREF_6




'actor A Rayon$, /)ailand B &ntario, %anada %

Ra materials *!/"y 75 000 2( ((( ??

/ransportation #and Road, Railays 5oad, 5ailways 5oa

0ea Caem %)aan$ Deep .ea Port

!ap P)ut Deep .ea Port

Creat #akes$0t) #awrence

/aterway

"or

Air -tapao pattaya international

airport

0arnia 6hris adBeld

Air&ort

6he

air&

!anpoer

a#ailaility

Aailable A#ailale Aailable Aa

/ater 049.F"cuic meter

K1)3'$cubic meter =m2> K')

8lectrical 'irst 10 GH") 23422 .D "GH) '((( k/$h - ''2).1 D0< ).

&#er 10GH) 3432 .D"GH)

%limate /ropical sa#anna climate

Het and dry seasons

our season country u

#on

sum

0ho



4iure : 5a6s o* sia countries5 Source:("orl#atlas, 201)







M%p$ #4 T7%i%n8

Source: (




4iure : 5a6s o* ivision at 9ailand country, Source: (

$hailan# ) 201)





Climate at Rayong :

Tropical wet and dry season.

Two seasons happen that is

rainy season and dry season

Average rainfall of about 45~48

cm per monthly begin Jun to

September.

Over the course of a year, the

temperature typically varies

from 23°C to 33°C

igure : The average rainfall , Rayong



i>6om&arison between ndustrial 8statePlant location Asia (ndustrial Estate

Amata %ity (ndustrial



Plant location Asia (ndustrial EstateEstate

Distance from ra

material *Bio- succinic

acid

'3). LM 10: K!

Distance from ra

material *Iydro$en

"roided by estate

-12 km to "TT "ublic

6om&any #imiteds natural

gas

Pro#ided y estate

-20 Gm to P// Pulic

%ompany CimitedLs

natural $as

-'

Distance from ramaterial *Et)anol

?( km to ") 0) 6) 0tarch

"roducts "ublic 6om&any

#imited

50 Gm to P . % .tarc)

Products Pulic

%ompany Cimited

3(

?acant .iMe Estate

*)ectare313)' 22992

tilities

/ater su&&ly

=m 2 $ 8 $ day>)2? ((( 20 000

IE5- ata #ater 1oo6eration (0.&

US!cu+ic eter2)

ii>6om&arison between ndustrial 8statilities Hater .upply Asia (ndustrial Estate Amata %ity (ndustrial Estate

Ie



Power Supply"etropolitan #lectricity Authority

$"#A%.

-Amata B rimm Power !imited

-Pro"in#ial $le#tri#ity Aut%ority

of &%ailand 'P$A(

-').*) +S, w%(

& *T

'as Supply (y!rogen

*rovi!e! by *TT *ublic Company

)imite! $*TT% Pro"ided /y P&& Pu/li# Company

!imited 'P&&(

*rovi

,istan#e from Ban01o1 '&%ailand Capital(

'(- **4

Airport '1m( Su"arna/%umi Airport -0

!aem C%a/an0 ,eep Sea Port 203m 21m

ndustrial 6one A"aila/le area '%e#tare(40.56 7 540 -1447840

!and pri#e 'million /a%trai( 1./ 2.8)

Sellin0 Pri#e'million /a%t %e#tare(1./ "illion 2.3 illion

7aste water mana0ementAvailable Amata 7ater Co. !td (em

,istan#e from

Ban01o1 '(- --4





>o

Ra material

1 Iydro$en =3( km >

6om&any 9ame : "TT "ublic 6om&any #imited

6a&acity: '+(,((( barrels &er day

0ource :=") ") 6) #imited, "TT>

2 Et)anol

6om&any 9ame: ")0)6) 0tarch "roducts 6o), #td) =3( km >

6a&acity : '((,((( # &er day

0ource : =") 0) 6) 0) ") ") 6) #imited, '(1(>

3 Bio-succinic Acid =1( km>

6om&any 9ame:- "TTM66 *iochem #imited

6a&acity : 3,((( MT

0ource :=nc), '(14>



Area *Pro#ince Ha$es rate per

dayD0K *aht

Ban$GoG, .amut

PraGan

)44 '(

>ont)auri, >aG)on

Pat)om ,Prat)um

/)ani, .amut .aG)on

)41 '(3

%)on Buri 3)?3 1+4

P)ra >aG)on .i

Ayutt)aya

3) 1+1

%)ac)oen$sao 3)2 1+(

Rayon$ 3)3 1?+

Source : ( Roa#, 201% )





Source : (Organization 2014)





igure : The propose plant location at Amata City ;n!ustrial #state, Rayong ,Thailan!. Source:( G

C" =Clobal "eace ndex>





%ountry loal Peace (nde< *P( across all 172 P( countries i

2015

Caos 41

%)ina 1'4!alaysia '+

.in$apore ?4

/)ailand 1'

Oapan +

(ndia 142

/aian 23

P)ilippines 141

?ietnam 3

(ndonesia 4

!yanmar 12(

nitiatie : A<A9TAC80

Thailand &roide adantages and beneBts at free %one to gie exe



Thailand &roide adantages and beneBts at free %one to gie exereduction)

>o Aspects

1 oreign merchandise

2 m&ort$8x&ort tax

3 Tari7 tax

4 alue added tax

5 8xcise tax on machinery ,e!ui&m

&arts, raw materials

Minimum /age 5ate ='(14>



!inimu

m Ha$e

Area

300 Ba)t

*angkok, "huket, Rayon$, 9akhon&athom, 9onthabur

0amutsakhon, 6honburi, 6hachoengsao, 0araburi, Ayutthaya, 5a

5anong, Lrabi, 9akhonratchasima, "rachinburi, #o&buri, Lanchana

5atchaburi, 6hantaburi, "etchaburi, 0ongkhla, 0ing

9akhonsrithammarat, Angthong, #oei, 6hum&orn, "hatthalung,

0amutsongkhram, 9arathiwat, Dbonratchathani, Ddonthani,

"attani, 9ongkhai, #am&oon, *uengkan, Trat, Lam&haeng&het, Dt

Lhon Laen, 6hainat, 0u&han *uri, 6hiang 5ai, 9akhons

"hetchabun, Pasothon, 5oiet, 0akonnakhon, 6haiya&hum, Mukd

0ukhothai, 9ongbualam&hu, 9akhon&hanom, "hichit, "hits

Mahasarakham, Mae ong 0on, Amnatcharoen, Dttaradit, 0urin, T

and "hayaoa+le &.2: 5iniu #ae <ate at 9ailand.Source : ( Roa#, 201% )





OUTLINE



ASSUMPTIONS



Esterication of .uccinic Acid

10+ conersion of .uccinic aci

2(sot)ermal reactor

2) eed ratio 12

REA%/&R R-100



Su33ini3 %3i8 9 , :m#(7

';6< SA5 -< H-O)



' 5 - )

Fee8 &%ti#

6,< 3#n=e&$i#n #4 Su33ini3 A3i8

Et7%n# &equi&e8

1 mole succinic acid



1 mole succinic acid 2 mole of Ethanol :

:

W%te& p&#8u3e

T#t% #4 >%te& %t OUTLET $t&e%m



"OMPONENT MASS FLOW

Before recycle (R-100)



Inet Outet

St&e%m ; +, 1

"#mp#nent "ol!9 "!9 "ol!9 "!9 "ol!9 "

Su33ini3 %3i8 2$.% &%72.% = = '.88 $%

Et7%n# * * 2, -/20.- +-.;2 1;/

W%te& 0. 0.8 = = %7.% 80

Diet7!

Su33in%te= = = = 2&.'2 %0$

T#t% 2-0/.+1 :?(7 2-06.;1 :?



Ass!"#$o%s



1) eed ratio 12

2RED%E ethanol 'RE.I 'EE

3(sot)ermal reactor

Esterication of .uccinic Acid

Af#er recycle (R-100)



Af#er recycle (R-100)



Inet OutSt&e%m ; +, Et7%n# &e3!3e 1

"#mp. "ol!9 "!9 "ol!9 "!9 "ol!9 "!9 "ol!9

Su33ini3

%3i82$.% &%72.% = = = = '.88

Et7%n# * * 0/.,0 -+2/.+ +-.;2 1;/.,/ +-.;2 1

W%te& 0. 0.8 = = = = %7.% 8

Diet7!

Su33in%te= = = = = = 2&.'2 %

T#t%

':?(7)2-0/.+1 2-06

&$s#$ll'#$o% col!% T-100



Ass!"#$o%



Ciuid-liuid se&aration

unit All unreacted et)anol

se&arated at the top of the

column Dnreacted ethanol recycleacG into the reactor



&$s#$ll'#$o% col!% T-100 s!!'ry



Inet Outet

St&e%m 1 2 Et7%n# >%$te

"#mp#ne

nt"ol!9 "!9 "ol!9 "!9 "ol!9 "!9

Su33ini3

%3i8'.88 $%.228 '.88 $%.228 = =

Et7%n# 2.$ '$7.07 = = 2.$ '$7.07

W%te& %7.% 80.&8 %7.% 80.&8 = =

Diet7!

Su33in%te2&.'2 %0$7.2 2&.'2 %0$7.2 = =

T#t% 2-06.;1 :?(7 121+.-1 :?(7 1;/.,/:?(7

Re'c#or R-101



Ass!"#$o%



100+ conersion of succinicacid, diet)yl succinate

(sot)ermal reactor

eed ratio 310, 12

1



T#t% H!8&#?en &equi&e8



Am#unt #4 BDO5 THF %n8 @BL p&#8u3e

Fi&$t &e%3ti#n

Am#unt #4 >%te& p&#8u3e$



T#t% >%te& in #utet $t&e%m

Se3#n8 &e%3ti#n



T#t% BDO p&#8u3e

OMPON NT OMPOSITIONS (R-

101)

Inet Outet



St&e%m ; +, ++

"#mp#nent "ol!9 "!9 "ol!9 "!9 "ol!9 "!9

Su33ini3 %3i8 = = '.88 $%.228 = =

H!8&#?en $0. 8.7& = =

W%te& = = %7.% 80.&8 .& 08.

Diet7!

Su33in%te= = 2&.'2 %0$7.2 = =

BDO = = = = 0; 00+1.66

THF = = = =.$ %.&&

@BL .$ 8.7&

T#t% 16., :?(7 160.++ :?(7

&$s#$ll'#$o% col!% T-101



Ass!"#$o%



Ciuid-liuid se&aration u All /I' and ater se&ara

on the to& of the column

&$s#$ll'#$o% col!% T-101 s!!'r



Inet Outet

St&e%m ++ + +0

"#mp#nent "ol!9 "ol!9 "ol!9 "!9 "ol!9 "!9

W%te& .& 08. = = .& 08.

BDO %$ %%'.88 %$ %%'.88 = =

THF.$ %.&&

= = .$ %.&&

@BL

.$ 8.7&

.$ 8.7& = =

T#t% 160.++ :?(7 0160.2+2 :?(7 +-0;.1+ :?(7



&?ERACC!A.. BACA>%E

OVERALL MASS BALANE



OV RALL MASS BALAN



St&e%m Inet Outet

Et7%n# 27.& "!9 =

Et7%n# &e3!3e '$7.07 "!9 =

Su33ini3 %3i8 &%82.$' "!9 =

H!8&#?en 8.7 "!9 =

W%$te >%te& = 2%$.&' "!9

BDO = %'8%. "!9

Et7%n# >%$te = '$7.072 "!9

T#t% 20-6.;+ :?(7 20-;., :?(7



St&e%m M%nu% ':?(7) HYSYS < e&&#&

St&e%m 0 27.& 27.& 0

Et7 '$7 07 '$ & 0 %2>



Et7%n# &e3!3e '$7.07 '$.& 0.%2>

St&e%m - &%82.$' &%8& 0.00%>

St&e%m 1 &%%.2 &0$ 0.''>

Et7%n# >%$te '$7.072 '$.& 0.%2>

St&e%m 2 ''.87 ''0 0.0&>

St&e%m ; 8.7& 8.7 0

St&e%m +, ''.87 ''0 0.0&>

St&e%m ++ '8&%. '8& 0.0%>

St&e%m + %'8%. %'$ 0.&%>

St&e%m +0 2%$.&' 22 .02>



Outline







0ource: Paws, 6) #) =1..."ro&erties andbook) 9eMcCraw-ill)



0ource: Paws, 6) #) =1...>"ro&erties andbook) 9ew

-

0&eciBc eat 6a&acity Of 0olid6om&onent



0ource: Paws, 6) #) =1...>) 6hem"ro&erties andbook) 9ew Pork,McCraw-ill)

Assum&tion

Reacti#e Process >on Reacti#e



Reacti#e Process >on-Reacti#eProcess

"ressure change isnegligible

= " Q 3( bar>sothermal reactor, = nlettem&F Outlettem& >

5eference state: TF'3

at "F1 atm8nergy balance for 5-1(( calculated usingeat of 5eaction Methodand the re!uired data aretabulated in table 1(

5eference state: TF'L

at "F1 atmMolar Row rates andcom&osition ofcom&onents in and out

non-reactie &rocessesremained same)All li!uid and gas heaca&acities aried withtem&erature)





eat of reaction for 8steriBcation ofsuccinic acid with ethanol:



0ubstitute the alue of heat of formation:

To calculate enthal&y of inlet and ouof succinic acid =I1



Table of calculated enthal&y in5eactor =5-1((>:



Total nlet 8nthal&y F 4)(4 x 1(S L$h Total Outlet 8nthal&y F 1)'+ x 1(S L$h





Euipment ?alue manual ?alue Iysys Error *+



*GO")r *GO")r

%ompressor 2.?+(.)341. 41.14.)3 5091

Pump*P-100 2?)'14 2'.)4?' 141

Ieater 3+112()'+ '2('32?)'+1 31:1

Reactor

*R-100

-43?322+)+' -41?((+.)+3 92:1

%olumn

*/-100

-.2)3' 41''((( 999

Reactor

*R-101

-4.3?2214)3 243?+(')22 93

%olumn

*%-101

44(3()(? 114'+3? 7155

Euipment ?alue manual*GO")r

?alue Iysys*GO")r

Error *+

Pump *P-101 41?).(2 4'4)(?1 1453

Pump*P-102 2?).. 2'.)4?' 14422



Pump*P-103 113)12' 1+()'++ 3714

Ieater*E-101

''(+(1?)41 ''+13?)3 333

Ieater

*E-10:

1?'4?3).. ?1'4()?2 5:

Ieater

*E-102

3213(3)141 ?213(4+ 3:73

Ieater*E-103 ''31.2).+ 1.(2(.)? 1549

%ooler *E-104 -11.1((()33' 41.14.)3 74

%ooler *E-105 -?+4'(')?'+ 2'')3? 997

%ooler *E-107 -'211)' 3+112()2 541













Measure of risk:

Distillation %olumn*/-101



Bio .uccinic AcidIydro$en

1,4-Butanediol

/etra)ydrofuran

;-utyroactone

Et)anol

Reactor *R-100

Reactor *R-101

Distillation %olumn*/-100

( 3 1( 13 '(

#ow igh Medium

Description RisG Action

Ii$) 13-'3 0ubstantial e7ort shoureduce the risk) 5isk remeasures should be im



easu es s ou d beimmediate within deBn&eriod)

!edium 3-1' 6onsideration should brisk can be lowered if tolerable leel and &reacce&table leel)

Co 1-4 9o additional control aunless can be im&leme

low cost which is in tee7ort and money)

0ource: Cuideline in 6ourier ndustry, '(13







ODT#980



"ollution 6ontrol <e&artment





/aste management hierarchy



Thailand industrial water !ualitstandard

Thai ndustrial 8Uuent 0tandard

-araeters Standard ?alues 5et9od *or



*iochemical Oxygen

<emand =*O<>

Aot ore t9an 20 !l

de6endin on receivin water or

ty6e o* industry under

consideration o* -1 +ut not

e@ceed 0 !l

5odi*icati

'

6hemical Oxygen

<emand =6O<>

Aot ore t9an 20 !l

de6endin on receivin water o*

ty6e o* industry under

consideration o* -1 +ut not

e@ceed %00 !l

-otassiu ic9

• 6O< and *O< for industrial eUuent should notexceed the standard, V( &&m and V4(( &&m

0ource: ="cd)go)th, '

/aste /ater 6alculation%ompon

ent'ormula

%ompositi

on

!ass =orate

* G$")r

?olum

*

/I' ()11'( 141)244

%ompon

ent'ormula

%ompositi

on

!ass =orate

* G$")r

?olum

*

/I' ()11'( 141)244



HA/ER ()+?3? 11(3)122

BC ()(1'2 13)3'2 0

HA/ER ()+?3? 11(3)122

BC ()(1'2 13)3'2 0

%alculation for /I' ,

H 3)3 4 6 H 4

1 mol of T re!uired 3)3 mol of oxygen gas

Oxygen demand F 3)3 mol W 2' g$molF 1? g

6oncentration of T F 141)244 =kg$h> X ()12. = > F 1(1') 4.'+ =kg $>0ince 1 kg $ F 1((( mg $

F 10124923: *m$ "

6O< F

F 4.31)+.34 mg$#

F 479571954 ppm



479571954 ppm

*ut,W 4.31)+.34 &&m F 252590425

*O< is 1$2 of 6O<, thus

F x '3+'3.()4'3 &&m F 70734:49 ppm

%alculation for BC ,

H 4)3 4 6 H 2



3 6 2

1 mol of C*# re!uired 4)3 mol of oxygen ga

Oxygen demand F 4)3 mol W 2' g$mol

F 144 g

6oncentration of *<O F 13)3'2 = kg$h > X()(134 = >

100:9:013* G$ "

6O< F

3:50749351 ppm

* t



*ut ,

W 2?3(4).231 &&m F 1+??.')'(+&&m

*O< is 1$2 of 6O< , thus

F x 1+??.')'(+ &&m

F 57259:4027 ppm



/aste water stream : 0ource from oerhead of distillation column T-1(1

= 0T58AM 14 >

%omponent %omposition

%omp !ole 'rac *DiE.uccinate()((((

%omp !ole 'rac *.uccinicAcid()((((

%omp !ole 'rac *14- diol()((((

%omp !ole 'rac *$amaBCactone

%omponent %omposition

%omp !ole 'rac *DiE.uccinate ()((((%omp !ole 'rac *.uccinicAcid ()((((

()((((%omp !ole 'rac *$amaBCactone ()(1'1



%omp !ole 'rac *$amaBCactone()(1'1

%omp !ole 'rac *&().3?2

%omp !ole 'rac *Iydro$en()((((

%omp !ole 'rac *Et)anol()((((

%omp !ole 'rac */etraIy'uran()(2(

().3?2%omp !ole 'rac *Iydro$en

()((((%omp !ole 'rac *Et)anol ()((((%omp !ole 'rac */etraIy'uran ()(2(

.tream Haste Hater

?apour 'raction (

/emperature *Q% '3Pressure *GPa 12(

!olar 'lo *G$mole") 4)1(

!ass 'lo *G$") 1214

Ciuid ?olume 'lo *m3") 1)2'

Ieat 'lo *GO") -1+'4(((()((

*ased On 6alculation

T :

6O< : ' 3+' 3.()4'3 &&m



*O<: +( +2)4?4. &&m

C*# :

6O<: 1 +? ?.')'(+ &&m

*O< : 3' 3.?)4(' &&m

*oth 6O< and *O< exceed thestandard, V( &&m and V4(( &&mres&ectiely )

"re-treatment Of T



•9ame : "ressure <istillation column• "ressure : rom atmos&heric to +.)4?3 k"a or )+.

• *ottom <istillation : <ried T sell to market deman• Oerhead <istillation : <eliered to waste water trea

&lant• all side &roduct of T is marketable and being sold

0ource : <u"ont, 6an) "atent34,3.1 =1.3?>

Treatment of C*#

"recursor for C* drug, thus it ist ll d b t



controlled substances )

The &roduction of C*# are monitothus the recoery for C*# areneglected )

Although the 6O< and *O< for C*exceed limits, yet the C*# treatedthe waste water treatment only)

/aste water treatment



• "hysical &rocess : Aeration tank• *iochemical &rocess: 0tabili%er , coagul

neutrali%ation , Rocculation tank

"rimary treatment : 0tabili%er , coagulatneutrali%ation , Rocculation and &rimaryclariBer



0econdary treatment : *iological and aein aeration tank , other e!ui&ment

Tertiary treatment : <isinfection tank

The sludge treatment and dis&osal : ilte&ressing utilities = waste actiated sludg



6A"T85 ? : P0P0

"<



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PRODUCTION OF BDO