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Product System Life Cycle Okala Practitioner Chapter 1

Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

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Page 1: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Product System Life Cycle  

Okala Practitioner Chapter  1

Page 2: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Product System Life Cycle

 Designers  need  to  understand  that  environmental  impacts  can  occur  thorughout  the  life  cycle  of  a  product.    

By  including  all  of  the  stages  in  the  assessment  of  a  product,  designers  ensure  a  comprehensive  and  accurate  assessment  of  the  product’s  poten;al  impacts.  

Page 3: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Phases in a product’s life cycle        

 

Raw  material  extrac-on                          Wood  from  forest,  oil  from  well,  metal  ore  from  mine,  etc.  

Material  processing                                  Wood  to  paper,  oil  to  plas;c,  ores  to  metal  alloys,  etc.  

Component  manufacturing                          Paper  printed,  plas;c  molded,  alloys  into  circuitry,  etc.    

Assembly  &  packaging                                    Product  is  assembled  and  packaged  with  documenta;on.  

Distribu-on  &  purchase                                                      Product  is  distributed  and  purchased.  

Installa-on  &  use                              Energy  and  addi;onal  materials  may  be  used.    

Maintenance  &  upgrading                          Product  cleaned,  parts  replaced  or  upgraded.  

Transport  (among  all  phases)                                    Via  train,  truck,  car,  automobile,  sea  vessel  or  airplane.  

Reuse,  recycling  or  compos-ng                              Product  or  component  reuse  or  material  recycling.    

Incinera-on  or  landfilling                                Product  or  components  are  burned  or  buried  in  landfill.  

Page 4: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Phases in a product’s life cycle

 Every  phase  in  the  lifecycle    

can  require  energy  and    

addi-onal  material    

inputs,  as  well  as  give    

emissions  to  air,    

water  or  soil.  

 

Addi-onally,  the    

components  or  the    

product  may  be    

transported  between    

phases  or  within  each  phase.  

       

Page 5: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Example:    What  are  the  phases                      in  the  life  cycle  of  a  

glass  cup?  

Page 6: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Material  Extrac-on  

Mining  sand  and  lime  from  the  Earth.  

Page 7: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Materials  Processing  

Cleaning  raw  materials  and  processing  them  into  glass.  

Page 8: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Component  Manufacturing  

The  material  is  formed  into  a  drinking  glass.  

Page 9: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Assembly  and  Packaging  

Boxing  the  drinking  glass  .  

Page 10: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Distribu-on  and  Purchase  

Distribu;ng  and  purchasing  the  glass.  

Page 11: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Installa-on                            and  use    

People  drink  from  the  glass.  

Page 12: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Maintenance  and  upgrade    

Washing  and  reusing  the  glass  many  ;mes.  

Page 13: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

End-­‐of-­‐Life  

Returning  the  glass    for  material  

recycling.  

Page 14: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Discussion:  

What  are  the  phases                      in  the  life  cycle  of  a  

French  fry?

Page 15: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

What  are  the  phases          in  the  life  cycle  of  an    ink  cartridge?      Assume  that  the  cartridge                              is  made  from  plas;c,                                                  ;n  circuitry  and  ink.  

Page 16: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

Discussion: Why  should  we  or  should  we  not  model  all  of  the  phases  in  the  life  cycle  of  a  product?  

Page 17: Product System Life Cycle - Okala chapter1 Product Life Cycle.pdf · Phases in a product’s life cycle (Everyphaseinthelifecycle!! canrequireenergyand!! addionalmaterial inputs,aswellasgive!!

This  presenta;on  is  part  of  an  educa;onal  presenta;on  series  that  supports  teaching  from  the  Okala  Prac))oner  guide.        

Okala  Prac))oner  and  these  presenta;ons  were  created  by  the  Okala  Team  to  disseminate  fact-­‐based  knowledge  about  ecological  design  to  the  design  disciplines  and  business.      

Unless  provided  in  the    presenta;ons,  Informa;on  sources  are  found  in  the  Okala  Prac))oner  guide.    

Okala Practitioner Integrating Ecological Design

The  Okala  Team  ini;ated  the  collabora;on  with  the  US  EPA  and  the  Industrial  Designers  Society  of  America  (IDSA)  in  2003.  The  team  developed  Okala  Prac;;oner  with  support  from  Autodesk,  IBM,  Eastman  Chemical  and  the  IDSA  Ecodesign  Sec;on.      

Okala  Prac))oner  is  available  through  amazon.com.        

More  informa;on  and  the  free  Okala  Ecodesign  Strategy  App  are  found  at  Okala.net.  Copyright  ©  2014,  Okala  presenta;ons  are  free            for  educa;onal  uses,  but  fully  protected  from  unlicensed  commercial  reproduc;on  or  use.    Okala™  is  a  registered  trademark  of  the  Okala  Team    

 The  Okala  Team:  Philip  White  IDSA  Associate  Professor,  Arizona  State  University  Louise  St.  Pierre  Associate  Professor,  Emily  Carr  University  of  Art  +  Design        

Steve  Belle;re  IDSA  Professor,  Southern  Illinois  University  Carbondale