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41st International SAMPE Symposium"""

and Exhibition

VOLUME 41

Book 1 of 2 Books

MATERIALS AND PROCESS CHALLENGES:

AGING SYSTEMS, AFFORDABILITY,

ALTERNATIVE APPLICATIONS

Edited by

George Schmitt

Jerry Bauer

Charles J. MaguranyCharles Hurley

Dr. Howard Kliger

Anaheim Convention Center

Anaheim, California

March 24-28, 1996

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Current Applications of Composites: Challenges and Lessons Learned

Chairmen: Roger Griswold, Wright Laboratory/MLBC

Ronald Cochran, Naval Air Warfare Center/Aircraft

Deep Diving Fleet Exercise Torpedo Composite Material Shell Section 1

F.C. Spicola and S.J. Plunkett

Advanced Composites Recycling 10

John F. Unser, Todd Staley and David Larsen

Recycling Process for Scrap Composites and Prepregs 21

Ronald E. Allred

Structural Integrity of Aging Aircraft

Chairmen: James Rudd, Wright Laboratory/CCI

Thomas Cooper, Universal Technology Corporation

Carbon-Carbon Composites (CCC): A Historical Perspective 32

Donald L. Schmidt, Kenneth E. Davidson and L. Scott Theibert

Aging Aircraft Issues in the United States Air Force 42

John W. Lincoln

Aging Aircraft Technology Development in the United States Air Force 54

James L. Rudd

Analysis of Widespread Fatigue Damage in Structural Joints 65

T.N. Farris, A.F. Grandt, Jr., G. Harish and H.L. Wang

An Engine Perspective on Aging Aircraft 80

Kevin D. Smith

A Detailed Look at the Transition from Corrosion Pit to Fatigue Crack in

Aircraft Skin 86

Takao Kobayashi, Charles G. Schmidt and Donald A. Shockey

Applications of Risk Analysis to Aging Military Aircraft 99

Alan P. Berens

On the Applicability of Probabilistics 108

P.G. Roth

Composite Materials Development

Chairman: John D. Russell, Wright Laboratory/MLBC

Kinetics of Imidization and Crosslinking for AFR700B Polyimide 120

John D. Russell and John L. Kardos

Characterization of Cure Chemistry of Selected Phenylethynyl-TerminatedPolyimides and Model Compounds 135

Karen A. Harrington, Robert A. Orwoll, Brian J. Jensen and Philip R. Young

Effects of Solvent on Solution Prepregging of the Resin System LARC-IAX-2 149

Roberto J. Cano, Cambrey P. Massey and Terry L. St.Clair

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Production Processing — Mechanical Property Links via Mesostructures:

Tensioning the Fibres in Pultrusions 159M.R. Piggott and K. Liu

Phthalonitrile-Glass Fabric Composites 171S.B. Sastri, J. P. Armistead and T.M. Keller

The Modifications of Epoxy Resin and Their Crystalline Polymer ParticleFilled Epoxies 178

Huei-Hsiung Wang

Advanced Properties of Warp Knitted Multiaxial LayerFabrics for a

Rationalized Composite Production 188

Karlheinz Horsting

Affordable Composite Materials and Processes

Chairmen: Dr. Charles E. Browning, Wright Laboratory/MLB

Tia Benson Tolle, Wright Laboratory/MLBC

Electron Beam Curing of Epoxy Resins by Cationic Polymerization 196

Christopher J. Janke, George F. Dorsey, Stephen J. Havens and Vincent J. Lopata

Composite Curing with High Energy Electron Beams 207

Daniel L. Goodman, Daniel L. Birx, Giuseppe R. Palmese and Andrew Chen

Affordable, Rapid Composite Tooling via Laminated Object Manufacturing 220

Donald A, Klosterman, Richard P. Chartoff and Sung S. Pak

Corrosion Characterization of Aging Aircraft

Chairmen: Tobey M. Cordell, Wright Lahoratory/MML

Dr. Chris Smith, FAA Technical Center/Atlantic City

Corrosion Detection and Characterization Using High Resolution Real-Time

Radiography 230

Cliff Bueno, Marion D. Barker, Richard C. Barry and Robert A. Betz

Neutron Tomography Investigation of Aircraft Fan Blades 243

Wade J. Richards, James C. Crump III, Kevin Shields

Neutron Radiography Inspection of Aeronautic Samples 251

Jean R. Huriet, P. LeTourneur and James McNair

Thermal Wave Imaging for Corrosion Detection in Aging Aircraft Systems 261

L.D. Favro and R.L. Thomas

Development of a Corrosion Detection Experiment to Evaluate Conventional

and Advanced NDI Techniques 265

Dennis Roach

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Adhesive Advances/Processes

Chairmen: Raymond B. Krieger, Cytec Industries, Inc.

Ronald Kuhbander, University ofDayton Research Institute

An Object Lesson in False Economies— The Consequences of Not UpdatingRepair Procedures for Older Adhesively Bonded Panels 279

L.J. Hart-Smith and M. J. Davis

Plasma Sprayed Coatings as Surface Treatments of Aluminum Adherends 291

G.D. Davis, P.L. Whisnant, G.B. Groff, D.K. Shaffer and J.D. Venables

The Curse of the Nylon Peel Ply 303

L.J. Hart-Smith, G. Redmond and M.J. Davis

New Prebond Surface Treatments for Aluminum Using Abrasive-Free,

High-Pressure WaterAbrasion 318

Francis L. Keohan, Hege J. Lizarralde, Peter G. Phillips and Carl Handsy

Government Programs in Fire and Materials

Chairmen: Ivan Caplan, Naval Surface Warfare Center/Carderock

Louis Nash, U.S. Coast Guard R&D Center

U.S. Navy R&D Programs in Fire Performance of Materials 330

Ivan Caplan, Usman Sorathia and Charles Rollhauser

Federal Aviation Administration Research in Fire Safe Materials for Aircraft

Interiors 344

Richard E. Lyon

NIST Research on Less-Flammable Materials 351

Richard G. Gann

DOE Programs in Fire and Materials 361

Russell D. Skocypec and Carl W. Peterson

Sport Goods — Improved Product Performance

Chairmen: Steve Davis, Prince Sport Group, Inc.

Brian Spencer, Spencer Design

An Expert System for the Design and Selection of Planing Windsurf Hulls 370

Layton M. Bennett

The Research and Development of Composite Sporting Goods in Marshall 379

Bill Juang

Progress in Sport Goods and Technologies for Applying Advanced CompositeMaterials to Sport Goods 393

Nobuhiro Takada

Golf Club Shaft Application ofHigh Modulus Pitch-Based Carbon Fiber 405

Takayuki Matsumoto, Akiyoshi Kojima, Hideyuki Horii and Michihiro Mohri

How Material Selection and Manufacturing Methods Influence Product Designin the Benetton Sportsystem 415

Steve Davis

xiv

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Selection of Thermoplastic Composite Materials for Sporting Goods 429

Peter J.C. Chou, Dawen Ding and Kunnan Lo

Composite Design/Analysis

Chairman: Ashok Munjal, The Aerospace Corporation

A Strength Theory for Failure of3-D Braided Composites 443

Charles S.C. Lei and Frank K. Ko

Defect Tolerance of Pressurized Fiber Composite Shell Structures 450

Pascal K. Gotsis, Christos C. Chamis and Levon Minnetyan

Tension-Compression Fatigue Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced EpoxyQuasi-Isotropic Laminated Composites Subjected to Low Energy Impact 462

C.C.M. Ma, N.H. Tai, G.Y. Wu S.H. Lin, J.M. Lin, C.L. Ong, Y.C.Changand M.F. Sheu

Fatigue Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites — [±45]4sLaminate Under Tension-Tension and Tension— Compression Fatigue

Loading Test 474

C.C.M. Ma, N.H. Tai, G.Y. Wu, S.H. Lin, J.M. Lin, C.L. Ong, Y.C. Changand M.F. Sheu

Graphical Representation and Calculation of Interweaving Degrees of Filament

Winding Patterns 486

YD. Liang, Gene Luo, Yong Chen and Kuo-Xian Qiu

Dual Use Materials and Processing Project Teams

Chairmen: Kris Kearns, Wright Laboratory/MLBC

John Gentry, GM Delco Chassis

Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber (VGCF) Composites 496

David L. Ciminelli, Kristen M. Kearns and William R. Ragland

Critical Fiber Length Technique for Composite Manufacturing Processes 502

Gregory N. Sivley, Terry L. Vandiver, N.S. Dougherty and David A. Pinkleton

Slurry-Based Fabrication of Chopped Fiberglass Composite Preforms 510

Glenn A. Moore, Richard W. Johnson, Mark D. Landon, Carl M. Stoots

and James L. Anderson

Structural Composites at GenCorp 520

Jose M. Castro, Charles E. Wilkes and Robert L. Brown

Overview of ARPA Low-Cost Ceramic Composites (LC3) Program 524

Philip N. Adler

Repair of Aircraft Structures— I

Chairmen: TedReinhart, Wright Laboratory/MLSA

Jerome J. Connolly, Northrop Grumman Corporation

The Effectiveness of an Adhesively Bonded Composite Patch Repair as Applied

to a Transport Aircraft Lower Wing Skin 532

John J. Ruschau and Jack E. Coate

xv

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Monitoring Adhesive Bond Integrity with Electrochemical Impedance

Spectroscopy 544

G.D. Davis, P.L. Whisnant and J.P. Wolff, Jr.

Repair Process Approach to Repair Development 553

Russell Keller and Douglas Carter

Composite Sandwich Structural Repair 566

K.M. Nelson, B.W. Flynn, K.H. Griess, B. Dopker, C.G. Harris, J.R. Kollgaard,

M.W. Evens, J.R. Epperson, C.C.M. Eastland and R.E. Wishart

Adhesive Inspection

Chairmen: JeffKollgaard, Boeing Commercial Airplane

Drew Zimmerman, Heath Tecna Aerospace

Thermal Wave Inspection ofAdhesive Disbonding 579

R.L. Thomas and L.D. Favro

Nondestructive Inspection of Adhesive Bonds in Composite and Metallic

Materials 583

David Moore, Dennis Roach, Mark Swanson and Phil Walkington

Inspection of Composite Laminate Layup Using Shear Ultrasonic Waves 597

David K. Hsu and Brent A. Fischer

Practical Composite Repair Evaluation 609

John Tyson II

Development of Guided Waves for Adhesive Bond Inspection 615

Joseph L. Rose and James N. Barshinger

Materials Systems for Infrastructure

Chairmen: Steve Loud, Composites Worldwide

Dr. Mack Puckett, Dow Chemical Company

Creep Behaviour of Abaca Fibre Reinforced Composite Material 625

Benjamin C. Tobias and Vinh T. Lieng

High-Rate Fabrication Methods for Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites 632

Dale L. Fanter, Del B. Strandburg and Andrea C. Dry

Field Applications of a Carbon Fiber Sheet Material for StrengtheningReinforced Concrete Structure 636

Jay Thomas, Howard S. Kliger and Hiroyuki Yoshizawa

Fiberglass Reinforced Concrete— A Possibility to Build EarthquakeResistant Structures 645

Th. Bischoff, B. Wulfhorst, G. Franzke, P. Offermann, R. Hempel and M. Curbach

Civil Infrastructure and Composite Materials: Issues in Materials and

Manufacturing 656

V.M. Karbhari

High-Strength Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Reinforcement ofWood and

Wood Composite 667

Daniel A. Tingley

xvi

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Composite-Reinforced Concrete Building and Bridge Structures 679

Charles E. Kaempen

Fire Safety of Materials

Chairmen: Usman Sorathia, Naval Surface Warfare Center/Carderock

Russell Skocypec, Sandia National Laboratories

Fire Protection ofGlass/Vinyl Ester Composites for Structural Applications 687

U. Sorathia and C. Beck

Material Properties and Flammability of Polymers 698

Richard E. Lyon

Environmentally SafeFire Retardants for Polymeric Materials. I. Silica

Gel — Potassium Carbonate Additive 708

Jeffrey W. Gilman, Takashi Kashiwagi and Sergey M. Lomakin

Interfacing Materials Models with Fire Field Models 714

V.F. Nicolette, S.R. Tieszen and J.L. Moya

Experimental Characterization of Fire-Induced Response of Rigid

Polyurethane Foam 722

T.Y. Chu, W. Gill, J.W. Moore, M.L. Hobbs, L.A. Gritzo and J.L. Moya

Effect ofIgnition Conditions on Upward Flame Spread on a Composite

Material in a Corner Configuration 734

T. Ohlemiller, T. Cleary and J. Shields

Mechanical Properties and Fire Response ofGeopolymer Structural

Composites 748

Andrew J. Foden, B. Balaguru and Richard E. Lyon

Combustive Decomposition Products from a Chemical Protective Ensemble 759

Masato Nakashima, Joel B. Carlson, Barry DeChristafano and Joseph F. Roach

Composite Impact/Energy Absorption

Chairman: Howard Katzman, The Aerospace Corporation

Foreign ObjectImpact on Composite Sandwich Beams766

Serge Abrate

The Energy Absorption and Dissipation Processes During Impact of

Viscoplastic Materials 778

T.D. Ip, B. Tobias and J. He

Composite Cored Trapezoidal Sections—Design for Enhanced Energy

Absorption7°5

Depankar Neogi, Vasilios Brachos and Craig Douglas

Analysis ofEdge Loaded Sandwich Panels— Energy Absorption

Characteristics

Vasilios Brachos, DepankarNeogi and Craig D. Douglas

800

xvn

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Advanced Materials for Space Applications — I

Chairmen: LizShinn, Wright Laboratory/MLBCSusan Ruth, The Aerospace Corporation

Development of a Composite (K1100/CE) Satellite Bus Structure 814

Charles N. Hoffman, Bruce A. Snyder and Michael W. Dean

Application of Cost-Effectiveness Processes for CFRP Sandwich

Space Structures 829

Antonio Jimenez

Unique Application of Plastics and Composite Materials in the Design of the

Magnetometer Instruments for the Ulysses and Cassini Spacecraft 841

E.W Noller

Development of Extremely Accurate Space Reflectors 851

Mikael Petersson

Advanced Fiber Terminations for Pitch Composites 861

Mark B. Przilas and Mark J. Montesano

Advanced Composite Materials and Subcooled Liquid Change-of-Phase (COP)

Cooling for Thermal Management in Advanced Electronic Systems 869

Robert E. Morgan, Sandra L. Ehlers and Issam Mudawar

Light Weight Cryogenic Coolers for Use in Interplanetary Space Exploration 882

James Parker, Donald Jennings, Dennis Reuter, Vincent Bly,Lawrence Madison, David Puckett, Gene Fuji, James Ramsey,

Christopher Scolton and Waldemar Collazo

Repair of Aircraft Structures— II

Chairmen: Major Robert Fredell, U.S. Air Force AcademyRikard B. Heslehurst, Australian Defence Force Academy

Residual Thermal Stresses Around Bonded Fibre Metal Laminate RepairPatches on an Aircraft Fuselage 888

A. Vlot, T. Soerjanto, I. Yeri and J.A. Schelling

Delamination Effects in Fuselage Crack Patching 903

Cornelis Guyt and Robert Fredell

Repair of Delamination Damage — A Simplified Approach 915

Rikard B. Heslehurst

Can Aging Adhesively Bonded Joints be Found? 925

R.B. Heslehurst, J.R Baird, H.M. Williamson and R.K. Clark

The Role of Materials and Processes in Defective Aircraft Bonded

Structural Repairs 936

M.J. Davis

Enhanced Repair Durability with Cold Expansion Techniques 951

Len Reid

Repair of C-5 Fuselage Cracking with Bonded GLARE Patches 962

Robert Fredell, Cornelis Guyt, James Mazza, Shane Knighton and Elias Collas

xvin

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Seismic Retrofit Using Composites

Chairman: Mohsen Sultan, Caltrans/Structures

Behavior of Composite Confined Concrete Under Cyclic Loading 975

Thomas G. Harmon and Hwu-Horng Wang

Bridge Retrofit Concepts 990

Ray Zelinski

Seismic Retrofitting of Bridge Pier Columns 1004

W.L. Gamble, N.M. Hawkins and LI. Kaspar

Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened With

Advanced Composite Materials 1015

M.A. Shahawy and T. Beitelman

High Temperature Resins

Chairmen: Dr. Paul M. Hergenrother, NASA Langley Research Center

Mark E. Rogalski, The Boeing Company

Development ofHigh Temperature Service Polyimide Based Adhesives for

Titanium and Composite Bonding Applications 1026

Richard T. Mayhew and Dalip K. Kohli

Evaluation of a High-Temperature Adhesive forAerospace StructuralBonding 1035

A. Falcone, K.D. Pate, T.Q. Cao, G.F. Hsu and M.E. Rogalski

Fiber Study Involving a Polyimide Matrix 1047

Roberto J. Cano, Monica Rommel, Jeffrey A. Hinkley and Eric D. Estes

Mechanical Properties of a Reactive Endcapped Polyimide Based Compositefrom Polyamide Acid 1061

P.M. Hergenrother and M.L. Rommel

Tailoring Silicone Fuel Tank Sealants for High Speed Civil Transport

Applications 1073

Navjot Singh, Bruce Johnson, Jim Cella, Jon Rich and Mark Rogalski

Synthesis and Properties of a New Poly(Phenylquinoxaline) 1084

Frank W. Harris, Bum-Sung Kim and Yiding Zhang

Phenylethynyl Arylene Ether Sulfone Matrix Resins and Oligomers:Candidates for High Temperature RTM Systems 1092

V. Vasudevan, S.J. Mecham, S. Liu, S. Srinivasan, S. Claus, A.C. Loos

and J.E. McGrath

Properties of Imide Oligomers Containing Pendent Phenylethynyl Groups 1101

J.W. Connell, J.G. Smith, Jr., R.J. Cano and P.M. Hergenrother

Advanced Materials for Space Applications— II

Chairmen: LizShinn, Wright Laboratory/MLBC

Susan Ruth, The Aerospace Corporation

Study ofWeldability ofthe Carbon-AluminumComposite 1113

V.R. Ryabov, L.I. Markashova and Yu V. Pavlenko

XIX

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Affordable Polymer Composites for Aerospace Applications 1122

G.C. Krumweide

High Performance Pitch-Based Carbon Fiber 1134

Hiroyuki Tadokoro, Nobuyuki Tsuji, Hirotaka Shibata, Masatoshi Furuyama,

Yutaka Arai, Yoshiyuki Doken, Ken Kobayashi and Osamu Kato

Super-High Modulus Tri-Axial Fabrics 1139

Hiromi Kimura, Hirotaka Shibata, Kenji Kubomura and Hiroji Ohishibashi

Environmentally Friendly Coatings

Chairmen: Robert W. Seibold, Hughes Aircraft Company

Mary Marshall, Southwest Research Institute

Pollution Prevention Activities in Organic Finishing 1149

Michael J. Docherty and Carl P. Izzo

Ultraviolet Curable Paint Technology 1160

Rodney F. Patterson

Coatings for Improved Environments 1173

Dan A. Bernard

Guayule Coproducts: Emerging Technology in Industrial, Marine and

Peelable Coatings 1177

Shelby F. Thames, Thomas P. Schuman, Louis W. Reichel, William A. Purvis

and Payton W. Poole

Lesquerella: Renewable Resource for Industrial Coatings and

Polyurethane Foams 1191

Shelby F. Thames, Marietta 0. Bautista, Haibin Yu, Kamlesh G. Panjnaniand Min D. Wang

Nondestructive Paint and Bonding Adhesion Prediction Meter for

Metal Surfaces 1203

Jim VanAvery

Recent Advancement of Non-Chromate Low Density Epoxy Primer

Coatings for Aerospace Applications 1212

Robert N.Chiang

Preform Technology and Composite Economics

Chairmen: Andrew Head, Atkins & Pearce Technology, Inc.

Stephen Mitchell, GEAircraft Engines

Fracture and Fatigue in a 3-D Woven Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composite 1217

Donald E, Wigent, Mansour H. Mohamed and A.A. Fahmy

Preforming Analysis and Mechanical Properties of Composite Parts Made

from Textile Preform RTM 1230

J. Stephen Tsai, S.J. Li and L. James Lee

Braided Reinforcements Enhance Properties in Structural Composites—

A Case Study 1245

Jeff Martin

xx

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Experimental Research on Mechanical Behavior of3-D Braided

Composite Materials 1253

Huiyu Sun and Xin Qiao

Intelligent Decision Support Systems in Polymer Composites Design:Industrial Focus by Application Segment and Product Line 1259

Timothy J. Lenz, James K. McDowell, Barratt Moy, Jon Sticklen and

Martin C, Hawley

Bridge Rehabilitation with Composites

Chairman: Dr. Hota GangaRao, West Virginia University/Constructed Facilities Center

Rehabilitation of Concrete Bridge Beams with Externally-Bonded

Composite Plates. Part II 1269

Allan S. Crasto, Ran Y. Kim and John P. Mistretta

Upgrade of Navy Piers with Composites 1280

CM. Inaba, G.E. Warren and L.J. Malvar

Static Response of Wood Crossties Reinforced with Composite Fabrics 1291

H.V.S. GangaRao, S.S. Sonti and M.C. Superfesky

The Concept of the Composite System and Column Seismic Retrofit at

1-5 & Hwy 2 Using the TYFO S Fibrwrap- System 1304

Edward R. Fyfe and Scott Arnold

Structural Repair and Strengthening of Damaged Prestressed Concrete

Bridges Utilizing Externally Bonded Carbon Materials 1311

M.A. Shahawy and T. Beitelman

U.S. Navy Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with the

Composites Institute 1319

Robert J. Odello

Thermoplastics — I

Chairmen: Dr. John Muzzy, Georgia Institute of Technology

Maylene Hugh, McDonnell Douglas Aerospace

Modelling of Heat Transfer and Crystallization Kinetics in

Thermoplastic Pultrusion 1324

Andreas Carlsson and B. Tomas Astrom

Characterization of Polyimide Composite Ribbon Weld Bonding 1335

Jeffrey A. Hinkley, Joseph M. Marchello and Bernadette C. Messier

High Productivity Model for In-Situ Tow Placement of

Thermoplastic Composites 1346

Robert C. Costen and Joseph M. Marchello

The Impulse Resistance Welding: A New Technique for Joining Advanced

Thermoplastic Composite Parts 1361

M. Arias and G. Ziegmann

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Modelling of Compression Moulding of All-Thermoplastic Honeycomb Core

Sandwich Components 1372

Malin Akermo and B. Tomas Astrom

Alternative Energy and Transportation Systems

Chairmen: Fred Tervet, LockheedMartin Aerospace Systems

Rich Piellisch, Performance Materials

Design and Fabrication of a Composite Human Powered Land Vehicle

Raymond Kozak, Michelle Slichko and Brendan OToole

Experimental Investigation and Numerical Simulation of the Crush

Behaviour of Composite Structural Parts

Steffen Kerth, Andreas Dehn, Michael Ostgathe and Martin Maier

Effect ofBraid Architecture on Progressive Crush of Composite Tubes

V.M. Karbhari, Paul J. Falzon and Israel Herzburg

Advances in Metal Matrix Composite Packaging for Use in Alternative

Energy Transportation SystemsJoe L. Martinez, Jr., James M. Fusaro, Guillermo L. Romero, Donald Humbert

and Dave Hooser

Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites: Applications in Alternative Energyand Transportation SystemsAndrea Dry, James Betts and Del Strandburg

Ultralight-Hybrid Vehicle Design: Overcoming the Barriers to UsingAdvanced Composites in the Automotive IndustryMichael B. Brylawski and Amory B. Lovins

Composite Manufacturing

Chairman: JohnPlumer, U.S. Army Research Laboratory

Resin Infusion ofMarine Composites 1447

Paul Lazarus

Composite Armored Vehicle Advanced Technology Demonstrator

Donald T. Ostberg, Rhonda S. Dunfee, George E. Thomas and

Richard A. Brynsvold

Evaluation ofAdhesives for Adhering Carbon/Epoxy Composites to

Various Metallic Substrates

Robert B. Bonk, John F. Osterndorf, Annette M. Ambrosio,Brenda L. Pettenger and Kathleen A. Froelich

Resin Flow Front Reconstruction with Applications to Resin Transfer MoldingShawn M. Walsh and C.E. Freese

Efficient Method for Unsupported Drilling of Composites 1496

Larry Adams

Permeability: A Key to Successful Modeling of the RTM Process 1503

Jeffrey Mogavero and Suresh G. Advani

xxii

1382

1397

1409

1417

1427

1432

1459

1472

1486

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Advanced Composite Processes and Control Innovations

Chairmen: Dr. Frances Abrams, Wright Laboratory/MLBTBrian P. Rice, University ofDayton Research Institute

Direct Current Resistance Based Resin State Sensors 1511

C. William Lee, Brian Rice and Matthew Buczek

Novel, Low-Cost Sensors for Intelligent Process Control 1518

Brian P. Rice and C. William Lee

Effect of Pultrusion Variables on the Cure of Shell Epon 862/W Epoxy/Fiberglass System 1530

R. Shanku, J.G. Vaughan and J.A. Roux

Resin Infusion Technology for the Autoclave Process 1542

Th. Krusche and W. Michaeli

New Technologies for Processing of Non-Cured Prepreg Waste —

Preparation of High-Strength DMC 1551

W. Michaeli and A. Oelgarth

Hybrid Molding Processes Can Break the "Economics vs Requirements"Barrier for Structural Composites 1563

Brian H. Hull

Feasibility Study for Non-Volatile Cure ofPhenolic Novolak-Epoxy Composites 1573

Roderick A. McDonald and Shahid P. Qureshi

Medical Applications for Composites

Chairmen: Kofi Kwarteng, Osteonics, Inc.

Dr. Missoum Moumene, Howmedica, Inc./Research and Development

UHMW-PE Variations May Be Smaller than Perceived 1587

Mark Evans and Michael Lykins

Advance Materials for Orthotic Applications— An Example of Technology

Transfer 1591

Moreno White and Bill Peterson

Development of an Advanced Composite Orthopedic Bone Plate Implant 1605

Moreno White and Dan Jacobson

Development of a Metal Fiber/Polyethylene Composite for an Orthopaedic

Application 1620

D. Swarts

Durability and Aging Issues in Infrastructure

Chairman: Vtstasp M. Karbhari, University ofCalifornia/San Diego/Applied Mechanics

Accelerated Aging of Wood-Composite Members 1632

S.S. Sonti, H.V.S. GangaRao and D.R. Talakanti

Environmental Durability of Polymer Concrete 1642

G.R. Palmese and A.J. Chawalwala

xxm

PAPERS, AUTHORS, SESSIONS AND SESSION CHAIRMEN

Page

Steel-Stiffened Filament-Wound Double-Wall Fiberglass Composite

Underground Storage Tanks 1655

Charles E. Kaempen

Thermoplastics — II

Chairmen: Dr. John Muzzy, Georgia Institute ofTechnology

Maylene Hugh, McDonnell Douglas Aerospace

Experimental Simulation of the Thermoplastic Pultrusion Process 1667

Craig Squires, Jessica Almaraz and Brendan OToole

Design of an Experimental Thermoplastic Pultrusion Facility 1678

Raymond Kozak and Brendan OToole

Continuous Carbon and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene:Optimization of the Compression Molding Process 1688

J. Denault and J. Guillemenet

Thermoplastic Fiber Placement Machine for Materials and ProcessingEvaluations 1701

Timothy W. Towell, Norman J. Johnston, Ray W. Grenoble,

Joseph M. Marchello and William R. Cox

Comparison of Thermo-Shaping Techniques for a Rotor Shroud in

Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics 1712

J. Romagna and G. Ziegmann

Powder Coating Process for Thermoplastic Prepregs with JFY-1 Machine 1724

Yuanzhen Li, Kuiyang Lou, Ying Fu, Feng Li and Fengfan Zhang

Space Environmental Effects

Chairmen: Joan Funk, NASA Langley Research Center

Dr. John W. Connell, NASA Langley Research Center

PolyArylene Ether Benzimidazole Films for Space Applications 1731

Peter Schuler, Ross Haghighat, Allan Shepp and Ken Sato

Characterization of Atomic Oxygen Resistant PolyArylene Ether Films for

Use as Second Surface Mirrors 1738

John Lennhoff, Ross Haghighat, Allan Shepp, Jason Vaughn and James Zwiener

The Effect of Low Earth Orbit Atomic Oxygen Exposure on Phenylphosphine

Oxide-Containing Poly(Arylene Ether)s 1747

J.W. Connell, J.G. Smith, Jr., C.G. Kalil and E.J. Siochi

Composite Fabrication Using Electron-Beam Rapidly Cured Atomic OxygenResistant Polymers 1760

Thomas C. Walton and James V. Crivello

The Effect of WETF Exposure on the Tensile Overlap Shear Strength of

Epoxy/Fiberglass Composite Bonded to Stainless Steel using a Toughened

Epoxy Paste Adhesive 1773

Daniel H. Krouse III

xxiv