Problems Faced at some Field Installations at the IMS Infrasound Stations Infrasound Workshop – Tokyo – November 2007 Stefi Stefanova Installation and

Problems Faced at some Field Installations Problems Faced at some Field Installations at the IMS Infrasound Stationsat the IMS Infrasound Stations

Infrasound Workshop – Tokyo – November 2007

Stefi StefanovaInstallation and Certification Group

IMS Division - CTBTO

Infrasound WorkshopTokyo 2007

Solutions • Upgrade • Engineering re-design

Problems• Deterioration due to natural causes • Change of the design• Logistics

Introduction

Installation and Certification

Problems

Solutions

Plan of the PresentationPlan of the Presentation

Installation and Certification• IMS Infrasound Network • Diverse Environments• Array Design and Installation

Problems• Deterioration due to natural causes • Change of the design• Logistics

Installation and Certification• IMS Infrasound Network • Diverse Environments• Array Design and Installation

Solutions • Upgrade • Engineering re-design


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

Future Development

Installation and CertificationInstallation and Certification

IMS Infrasound Stations:IMS Infrasound Stations:


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

The IMS Infrasound NetworkThe IMS Infrasound Network

Certified Stations Stations under Construction/Negotiations Not Started


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

Different Environmental ConditionsDifferent Environmental Conditions

IS47 South Africa

IS55 Antarctica

IS04 Australia

IS52 BIOT


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

Components of an Infrasound StationComponents of an Infrasound Station

Pipe Array

Battery Vault

Equipment Vault

Antenna Tower

Battery Vault

Top View

Side View


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

Components of an Infrasound StationComponents of an Infrasound Station

Pipe ArrayPipe Array

Battery Battery VaultVault

Equipment VaultEquipment Vault

Antenna TowerAntenna Tower


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

Wind-Noise Reducing Pipe ArrayWind-Noise Reducing Pipe Array

Above ground array Buried array

Galvanized Iron pipesStainless steel pipes


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

Equipment VaultsEquipment Vaults

Metal Plastic Concrete

Above Ground Vaults – Protected Plastic Boxes

Underground Vaults


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

Power Supply at the stationsPower Supply at the stations

• Mains Power• Solar Panels• Thermo-electrical generator• Hybrid systems


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

Future Development

Common ProblemsCommon Problems

Field Installations:Field Installations:


Introduction


Problems• Natural Causes• Design / Actions• Logistics

Solutions

CorrosionCorrosion


Introduction



Solutions

Groundwater Intrusion / Surface WaterGroundwater Intrusion / Surface Water


Introduction



Solutions

Mass Movement / Landslides Mass Movement / Landslides


Introduction



Solutions

Expansive SoilsExpansive Soils

Hydro-expansion and Hydro-compaction


Introduction


Problems• Natural Causes• Upgrades/Noise• Logistics

Solutions

Problematic Post-Certification Problematic Post-Certification Modifications Modifications


Introduction



Solutions

Infrasound Noise from Wind GeneratorsInfrasound Noise from Wind Generators

Spectrogram


Introduction



Solutions

Access / Transport Access / Transport


Introduction


Problems

Solutions

Future Development

Some ExamplesSome Examples

Solutions:Solutions:


Introduction



Solutions

Evade the Corrosion Evade the Corrosion


Introduction



Solutions

Adapted Pipe Arrays Adapted Pipe Arrays


Introduction



Solutions

Power and Transmission Boxes Power and Transmission Boxes

Battery Vault Battery Vault


Introduction



Solutions

Prefabricated Vaults Prefabricated Vaults


Introduction



Solutions

Some Visitors … Some Visitors …

IS14 Chile IIS11 Cape Verde

IS50 Ascension

IS35 Namibia


Thank youThank you

Documents

Problems Faced at some Field Installations at the IMS Infrasound Stations Infrasound Workshop – Tokyo – November 2007 Stefi Stefanova Installation and