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Private forestry in EstoniaJaanus Aun
Foundation Private Forest Centre,
Member of the board
FORESTLAND OWNERSHIP
47%
0,002
53%
Eramaa Munitsipaalmaa Riigimaa
PRIVATE FOREST OWNERS
112 922 forest owners own 1,066 mil ha of forestland
5 7525%
107 170 95%
Number of forest owners– legal persons and
individuals
5
377 747 35%
688 246 65%
Area of forestland – legalpersons and individuals
Source: Ministry of Environment (2015)
Private Forest Owners
Average size of property:
Legal persons 65,7 ha;
Individuals 6,4 ha
44,4 % of forest owners own less than 2 ha of forestland;
Only 0,5% own more than 100 ha
Ordinary forest owner: living far from property and having no forestry education
Private forest
7
Other owners
State forests are managed by State ForestManagement Centre(RMK), please visithttp://rmk.ee/en
Very little municipalforests
Very little forests ofchurches and congregations
Private forestry - rootsPrivate land ownership was dominant before expropriation in1940.
All land belonged to the
state during the Soviet era.
Ownership reform started
in 1991.
Two ways for re-creation of private ownership:restitution;
Privatisation
Free real estate market - companies have mainly purchased their forests from the market
Distribution of growing stock in private forest
Wood marketAnnual felling volume is about 10 mio scbm
Good domestic market for sawlogs - demand is higher thansupply.
Unstable market for pulpwood – little domestic market, most ofthe pulpwood is exported to Scandinavia. Domestic use is for theaspen and in modest amounts for pine and spruce
Energy wood –
developing sector
(rapidly rising pellet production
& new CHP-s), but current
market situation very
problematical
Challenges for private forestryForestry Development Plan:
To increase overall felling volume inEstonia (max. is 15 mio m3 a year)
To increase reforestation in privateforests (40% of clear-cut areas have to beregenerated)
Increase area of precommercialthinnings/cleanings and thinnings
In summary: we have to do more in our forests!
Measures to motivate forest owners
Forest owner makes decisions, need to motivate them:
Tax regulations
Forestry legislation – lessbureaucracy
A well-functioningsupport system
Private forestry organisations
Forest Owners
Forest Owner`s Associations
Estonian Private
Forest Union
Central Co-operative
United Forest Owners
Private
Forest
Centre
Estonian
Timbertrade
Center
Forest Owner`s AssociationsWhat could forest owner get from FOA:
Information and advice
Applying for subsidies from Private Forest Centre
Representation in local policy questions
Support in silvicultural activities
Procurement of seedlings
Joint wood saleTrend: from soft organisations
to forest management
organisations
Forestland owned bymembers of FOA`s
16
159
206 238
259 266
338
381
-
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015*
TUH
AN
DED
(h
a)
Members of FOA`s
2,012,50
3,544,23
5,16
7,70
9,72
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015*
x TU
HA
T
Average area of forestland of members of FOA`s (ha)
79 83
67 61
52
44 39
25
35
45
55
65
75
85
95
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015*
Private Forest CentreFoundation under the Ministry of Environment. Private legal body, but financed by the state.
People: 30 (+12 local controllers)
Aim: Development of private forestry
Tasks:
Administration of subsidies to private forest owners
Development activities for private forestry (supporting of FOA`s, advisory system, training courses, information materials, international projects etc.)
Support to forest owners
Activity Budget for 2016 mil. eur
NATURA 4
Silvicultural investments (thinning, pruning,
preventing game damages etc.)
2
Forest Management Plans 0,45
Forest regeneration 1,2
Support to FOA`s 0,6
Extensionist service (advisory system) 0,45
Forest draining 0,3
Protection of key habitats 0,13
Maintenance of cultural heritage 0,02
TOTAL 9,15
In conclusion
Estonia is rich offorests, but
more forestmanagement workshave to be done in private forests and
activating small forest owners is a key issue to have better forests in the future
