Printed Matter Status of Environment & Related Issues for ...apenvis.nic.in/All s/Newsletters/Pariyavaran Jan-Mar, 2015.pdffor NICMAR (PGP HSEM) was organized by EPTRI, Hyderabad

E P T R I - E N V I S N e w s l e t t e r

Printed Matter

Volume - 9 Issue-1 January - March 2015

ENVIS CENTRE ON STATUS OF ENVIRONMENT AND RELATED ISSUES FOR ANDHRA PRADESH

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TRAINING & RESEARCH INSTITUTE

91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, India.Ph: +91-40-23180120, 23180115, Fax: +91-40-23180135

Website - http //apenvis.nic.inEmail : [email protected] / [email protected]

:

Paryavaranam

Status of Environment & Related Issues for Andhra Pradesh ISSN: 0974-2344

EPTRI

Sponsored by: Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India

: EPTRI-ENVIS NewsletterParyavaranam Vol.9, No.1, 2015

Page No.

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Published by

EPTRI, Hyderabad

Supported by

Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Government of India

New Delhi, India.

Dr. M. Suneela,

Mrs. M. Prashanthi,

Mr. Md. Khader,

ENVIS Coordinator

Sr. Program Officer

Data Entry Operator

Content

ENVIS Team

ENVIS Coordinator

Noise is derived from the Latin word “nausea” meaning “unwanted sound or sound that is loud or un pleasant. The noise measurements are expressed as Sound Presure Level (SPL).

The Noise Pollution (Regulation Control) Rules, 2000 has given noise limits for different areas. Noise equality is also effected by the fireworks during Diwali Festival. In the present scenario, Diwali is celebrated by bursting crackers fire works, which increases the pollution load in terms of air and noise quality.

Editorial

A training program on

for NICMAR (PGP HSEM) was organized by EPTRI, Hyderabad.

th ndduring 30 March to 2 April, 2015

at EPTRI, Hyderabad.

“Environmental Pollution Monitoring”

At EPTRI, Hyderabad

NICMAR Students Training Program at EPTRI, Hyderabad

Editorial National Evaluation Meeting ofENVIS Centres

NICMAR Students Training Program

Noise Pollution

Swine Flu

ENVIS Activities

Forth Coming Events

Shri B. Kalyan Chakravarthy, IAS has taken

over charge as Director General, EPTRI on

25-02-2015. He held various positions in the

Government of Assam and the Government of

India, Department of Agriculture, Finance,

Revenue, Urban Development Administration,

Food & Public Distribution. Consumer Affairs

The Nat ional Evaluat ion Meet ing for Environmental Information System (ENVIS) Centre of Southern Region was held at

th thCoimbatore, Tamilnadu on February 5 and 6 2015 for evaluating the performance of ENVIS Centres. A Presentation of ENVIS Centre activities was made by &

ENVIS Coordinator Dr. M. Suneela Mrs. M. Prashanthi, Senior Program Officer.

National Evaluation Meeting of ENVIS Centres - 2015

2

Noise Pollution

Source of Noise Pollution


Noise is derived from the Latin word “nausea” meaning 'unwanted sound' or sound that is loud,

unpleasant or unexpected. Noise is usually classified as Occupational noise (i.e. noise in work place) or as

environmental noise, which includes noise from traffic, playgrounds, sports, music etc (Concha

Barrientos et.al, 2004). The noise measurements are expressed as Sound Pressure Level (SPL), which is

logarithmic ratio of the sound pressure to a reference pressure. The international reference pressure of 2 x -510 Pa is the average threshold of hearing for a healthy ear. Noise can affect human ear because of its

loudness and frequency (pitch).

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that night noise exposure causes self reported sleep

disturbance and noise induced sleep disturbance is viewed as a health problem. (Table 1).

Table.1: WHO Community Noise Guidance

Environment Critical Health Effect Sound Level Time

dB (A) (hours)

Outdoor living area Annoyance 50-55 16

Indoor dwellings Speech intelligibility 35 16

Bed rooms Sleep disturbance 30 8

School Classrooms Disturbance of 35 During class

communication

Industrial Commercial Hearing impairment 70 24

and traffic areas

Music through ear Hearing impairment 85 1

phones

Ceremonies and Hearing impairment 100

entertainmentSource: http: www.consultnet.ie

Loud Speakers

Air Crafts

Trains

Road Traffic

Household Source

Sources of Noise

Pollution

DefenceEquipments

AgriculturalMachines

ConstructionWorks

3


Noise Measurement and Noise Standards

The Ambient Noise level can be monitored with the help of Sound Level Meter.

As per IS: 4758 – 1968. Noise levels are measured for 24 hours on hourly basis and expressed in decibel, dB (A). The Noise Pollution (Regulation and control) Rules, 2000 has given noise limits for different areas and the Noise Pollution (Regulations and Control) Rules, 2000 is an amendment made by Government of India in the year 2010. The Noise standards are shown in Table-2.

Day time means 6 am to 10 pm and Night time means 10 pm to 6 am. dB (A) Leq means time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on a scale A, which is associated to the human earshot/hearing.

Table 2: Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise Limits in dB (A) Leq

Figure : 1 Monthly Ambient Noise Levels in Abids (Commercial area)

Figure : 3 Ambient Noise Levels in Jubliee Hills (Residential area)

Figure : 5 Ambient Noise Levels in Zoo Park (Silence zone)

Figure : 4 Ambient Noise Levels in Punjaguta (Commercial area )

A Industrial 75 70

B Commercial 65 55

C Residential 55 45

D Silence zone 50 40

Area Code Category of Day time Day time Area

Sources: http://cpcb.nic.in

Figure : 2 Ambient Noise Levels in Jeedimetla (Industrial area)

The study shows that the monthly ambient noise

levels at all the site were found to be exceeding

the prescribed standards limits of CPCB. The

noise level showed a significant variation during

day and night time.


Noise Pollution during Diwali

4

Diwali is a festival of lights that is celebrated with

great enthusiasm all over India during the month

of October or November (Onset of winter).

Burning of firecrackers and illumination is a

symbol of joy and prosperity. Earlier earthen

lamps were used and the celebration was eco-

friendly, where as with the growing civilization

and introduction of new fireworks in the market,

the mode of celebration is harming the

environment.

fireworks during Diwali festival.

In the present scenario, Diwali is celebrated by

bursting crackers and fire works, which increase

the pollution load in terms of air and noise

quality. Fire works contain chemical species

such as sodium oxalate, aluminium, arsenic,

sulphur, manganese, iron dust powder,

potassium perchlorate, strontium nitrate and

barium nitrate (Ravindra et at, 2003). The

various effects of components and by products

fireworks are given in Table 3.

Noise quality is also affected by the

Toxic Element Fireworks Usage Toxic effect of fall out dust and fumes S.No

1 Aluminum Brilliant Whites Contact dermatitis bioaccumulation

2.

3.

Antimony Sulfide Glitter effects Toxic smoke possible carcinogen

Arsenic compounds Used as Colorants

5.

6.

Toxic ash can cause lung cancer, skin irritation and wart formation

4. Barium Nitrate Glittering greens Poisonous, fumes can irritate respiratory tract. Possible radioactive fallout

Copper Compounds Blues Polychlorinated dioxins and dibenzo furans can bioaccumulate Cancer risk.

Hexachlorobenzene Use was supposed Persistent environmental toxin. Is a to be banned globally carcinogen, mutagen and a reproductive

hazard.

7. Lead dioxide / Oxidizer Bioaccumulation, developmental danger for Nitrate / Chloride kids and unborn babies, may remain airborne

for days poisonous to plants and animals.

8. Lithium Compounds Blazing reds Toxic and irritating fumes when burned9. Mercury Chlorine donor Toxic heavy metal can bio accumulate

(Mercurous Chloride)10. Nitric Oxide Fire works by product Toxic by inhalation is a free radical

11. Nitrogen dioxide Fire works by product Highly toxic by inhalation

12. Ozone Fire works by product Green house gas that attacks and irritates lungs13. Perchlorate – Propellant / oxidizer Can contaminate ground and surface waters, can

Ammonium and cause thyroid problems in humans and animalsPotassium

14. Potassium Nitrate Black powder Toxic dusts, carcinogenic sulfur – coal compounds

15. Strontium Blazind reds` Can replace calcium in body. Strontium chloride Compounds is slightly toxic.

16. Sulphur dioxide Gaseous by product Acid rain from Sulphuric acid affects water

of Sulphur combustion sources, vegetation and causes property damage.

Source: Chirag Verma & Dhananjay K. Deshmukh, 2014

The noise levels monitored by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) during Diwali 2011, 2012

2013 and 2014 at five places in Hyderabad city are depicted in figure 6. The below figure shows the noise

level values for Abids, Jeedimetla, Jubliee Hills ,Zoo Park and Punjagutta .

data

Table. 3 : Effect of Various Component and By - Products of Fireworks

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Figure No. 6: Noise Levels during Diwali in Hyderabad

Source: CPCB Press release, Real time noise levels, in 07 Metro cities during Deepawali 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014

Do’s

Always maintain your motor vehicle and its exhaust silencer in proper condition

Ensure that your Diesel Generator Set is provided with acoustic enclosure which gives a reduction of a minimum 25 dBA (as per the provisions of the Govt. of India notification GSR 371(E), dated May 17,2002.

Ask for copy of valid type approval certificate from the dea le r wh i l e purchas ing por tab le petrol/kerosene generator sets (as per Govt. of India notification viz. GSR 742(E), dated September 25, 2000, which prescribes noise standards for petrol/kerosene generator sets).

Keep the volume of the loudspeaker or sound amplification system low so as not to annoy your neighbours .

Ensure that the sound from your music system is played at volume which does not disturb your neigbhours

Play fire-crackers only outdoors in large open areas and community level.

Purchase only those fire-crackers that comply the noise standards as provided by the Govt. of India regulation GSR 682(E), dated October 5, 1999.

Don’t’s

Avoid using horns except at emergencies

Avoid use of multi toned/air horns in your vehicle.

Do not install Diesel Generator Sets without prior approval of the competent authority, if required by local laws

Avoid use of loudspeaker in the open

Do not use loudspeaker or any sound amplification system between 10:00 P.M. and 6:00 A.M., except in closed premises

Do not make your neighbour a captive listener to your music system.

Do not play fire-crackers between 10:00 P.M. to 6:00 A.M.

Sources: http://cpcb.nic.in

* Data not available.


6

1.Concha. Barrientos, M.Campbell – Lendrum,

D. and Steenland, K 2004. Occupational Noise,

Assessing the Burden of Disease from work –

Related Hearing Impairment at National and

Local Levels. Environmental Burden of Disease

Series, No.9, World Health Organization

Protection of the Human Environment ,

Geneva: 1.

2.Ravindra . K , Mor S. , Kaushik CP. 2003 Short

term variation in air quality associated with fire

work events: a case study J. Env. Monit. S; 260 –

264.

3.Chirag Verma and Dhananjay K. Deshmukh .

2014 The ambient and noise quality in India

during diwali festival : A Review. Recent

Research in Science and Technology 2014, 6 (1);

203- 210.

4. CPCB Press release, Real time noise levels, in

07 Metro cities during Deepawali 2011, 2012,

2013 and 2014

References

The average noise level during the day time were

73.09 dB at Abids.

Noise Standards for Fire-Crackers

(The Noise standards for fire-crackers were

notified by the Environment (Protection) (Second

Amendment) Rules, 1999 vide G.S.R.682(E), th

dated the 5 October, 1999 and inserted as serial

no. 89 of Schedule I of the Environment

(Protection) Rules, 1986. Subsequently these

Rules were amended by the Environment

(Protection) Second Amendment Rules, 2006 vide thG.S.R. 640(E), dated the 16 October, 2006,

under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986)

A (i) The manufacture, sale or use of fire-

crackers generating noise level exceeding

125 dB(AI) or 145 dB(C)pk at 4 meters

distance from the point of bursting shall

be prohibited.

(ii)For individual fire-cracker constituting

the series (joined fire- crackers), the above

mentioned limit be reduced by 5 log10

(N) dB, where N = number of crackers

joined together.

B The broad requirements for measurement

of noise from fire-crackers shall be-

(i) The measurements shall be made on a

hard concrete surface of minimum 5 meter

diameter or equivalent.

(ii)The measurements shall be made in

free field conditions i.e., there shall not be

any reflecting surface upto 15 meter

distance from the point of bursting.

(iii)The measurement shall be made with

an approved sound level meter.

C The Department of Explosives shall

ensure implementation of these

standards.

D The fire-crackers for the purpose of export

shall be exempted from the sub-

paragraphs A, B and C above, subject to

the compliance of the following

conditions, namely:-

(i) The manufacturer shall have an export

order;

(ii) The fire-crackers shall conform to the

level prescribed in the country to which

it is exported;

(iii) They shall have a different packing

colour code, and

(iv) There shall be a declaration on the box

“not for sale in India” or “only for export

other countries.”

Note: dB(AI): A-weighted impulse Sound

Pressure Level in decibel

dB(C)pk: C-weighted Peak Sound

Pressure Level in decibel.”

Source: CPCB website

To Printed Matter Sri........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Pin:....................................................................

From:ENVIS CoordinatorENVIS Centre on Status of Environment and Related Issues for Andhra PradeshEnvironment Protection Training and Research Institute (EPTRI)91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, India.Ph : +91-040-23180120, 23180115Fax No.:+40-23180135,Website: http://apenvis.nic.in

7 Des

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by:

Md.

Kh

ader

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Swine Flu

ENVIS Activities

Forth Coming Events

Swine influenza, also called pig influenza, swine

flu, hog flu and pig flu, is an infection caused by

any one of several types of swine influenza

viruses. Swine influenza virus is common

throughout pig populations worldwide. In August

2010, the World Health Organization declared the

swine flu pandemic officially.

Figure showing occurrence of Swine Flu

Causes of Swine Flu

Swine flu is contagious, and it spreads in the same way as the seasonal flu. When people who have it cough or sneeze, they spray tiny droplets of the virus into the air. If come in contact with these drops or touch a surface (such as a doorknob or sink) infects the person.

Source: Wikipedia .org/wiki/Swine- influenza

Swine Flu Symptoms

Most symptoms are the same as seasonal flu. They can include:

· Cough

· Fever

· Sore throat

· Stuffy or runny nose

· Body ache

· Headache

· Chills· Fatigue · Diarrhea and Vomiting· Tiredness.· Fast breathing, trouble breathing, or chest pain.

Precautions for Swine flu

·

· Wash your hands frequently with soap

and water

· Try to stay in good health and be

physically active

· Cover your mouth when you sneeze or

cough

· Stay at home if you are ill.

· If you develop symptoms suggesting the

flu, stay away from work or public

transportation, call and see a doctor

immediately

Avoid contact with people who are sick

EPTRI Survey No. 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad - 500 032, India.

Swachh Bharat

Let’s make Gandhiji’s dream of a clean India come true...

rdSwachh Bharat was conducted on 3 February, 2015 at Analytical Laboratory EPTRI Campus, Hyderabad, India.

MoEF Sponsored training programs on Bio-

Medical Waste Management which will be

conducted by EPTRI under Colombo Plan (TCS)

for International Participants from 08.06.2015 –

20.6.2015

Swachh Bharat

Documents

Printed Matter Status of Environment & Related Issues for ...apenvis.nic.in/All s/Newsletters/Pariyavaran Jan-Mar, 2015.pdffor NICMAR (PGP HSEM) was organized by EPTRI, Hyderabad