Principles   of psychoprophylaxy,   psychohygiene,  rehabilitation and psychotherapy, in work of general practitioner. A rehabilitation: social and professional, adaptation and compensation, it’s basic sections. Psychotherapy as industry of medical psychology and medicine. Basic modern methods of psychotherapy. Principles of psychotherapy.

► Psychotherapy is science about influence of word Psychotherapy is science about influence of word on the psyche of man, and through her on all on the psyche of man, and through her on all organism of man with the aim of maintenance organism of man with the aim of maintenance and proceeding in a healthand proceeding in a health

►Psychotherapy is Psychotherapy is independent discipline, independent discipline, different both from different both from psychiatry and from psychiatry and from psychology. In the psychology. In the countries of European countries of European Union set forth, Union set forth, concordantly so-called concordantly so-called Strasbourg declaration Strasbourg declaration (1990), as the "special (1990), as the "special discipline from an area discipline from an area humanity/pls, humanity/pls, employment which is by a employment which is by a free and independent free and independent professionprofession

► psychotherapy education requires the high level of psychotherapy education requires the high level of theoretical and clinical preparedness; theoretical and clinical preparedness;

► assured is a variety of therapeutic methods; assured is a variety of therapeutic methods; ► education in area of one of psychotherapy methods education in area of one of psychotherapy methods

must come true integrally; to include a theory, must come true integrally; to include a theory, personal therapeutic experience and practice under personal therapeutic experience and practice under the direction of supervisor; at the same time wide the direction of supervisor; at the same time wide ideas turn out about other methods;ideas turn out about other methods;

► access to such education is possible on condition of access to such education is possible on condition of wide previous preparation, in particular, in area of wide previous preparation, in particular, in area of humanitarian and public sciences". humanitarian and public sciences".

►

► Officially in Ukraine Officially in Ukraine psychotherapy a doctor psychotherapy a doctor which got preparation on which got preparation on speciality "psychiatry" and speciality "psychiatry" and that passed the further that passed the further retraining from retraining from psychotherapy can engage psychotherapy can engage in only. in only.

At the same time, a At the same time, a word "psychotherapist" word "psychotherapist" is often used and for is often used and for denotation of people denotation of people which got education in which got education in area of one of methods area of one of methods of psychotherapy of psychotherapy practice. Usually it is practice. Usually it is people with higher people with higher psychological psychological education. It is done by education. It is done by analogy with the analogy with the European countries, European countries, where psychotherapy where psychotherapy preparation is the preparation is the separate type of separate type of education, not tied to education, not tied to medical or medical or psychological higher psychological higher education. education.

Psychotherapy is in Psychotherapy is in Austria Austria

► From a 1990 profession From a 1990 profession "psychotherapist" "psychotherapist" protected in Austria by protected in Austria by a legislation. It is the a legislation. It is the first country in the first country in the world, where an act world, where an act was passed about was passed about psychotherapy.psychotherapy.

► In Ministry of health In Ministry of health care countries are list care countries are list from the confessed from the confessed psychotherapists Only psychotherapists Only they have a right for they have a right for named as named as "psychotherapist". More "psychotherapist". More than half from them than half from them live in Vienna. 2/3 all live in Vienna. 2/3 all psychotherapists - psychotherapists - woman.woman.

Officially confessed and paid through the system of social Officially confessed and paid through the system of social security next 18 methods and directions of psychotherapy, security next 18 methods and directions of psychotherapy, which answer rigorous scientific criteria, :which answer rigorous scientific criteria, :

► autogenic trainingautogenic training► analytical analytical

psychology of psychology of C.G.YungC.G.Yung

► Heshtalt- Heshtalt- psychotherapypsychotherapy

► hypnosishypnosis► group psycho-group psycho-

analysisanalysis► individual individual

psychology of A. psychology of A. AdlerAdler

► symboldramasymboldrama

Client-centred psychotherapy of К. Roger

personality centred psychotherapyCognitiv –bichevioral therapy

psycho-analysis of Z. Freud

Psychodrama of Ya. Moreno

System family therapy

Transact analysis

Existential analysis

Psychotherapy is usually divided into Psychotherapy is usually divided into general and special.general and special.

General psychotherapy is a complex of psychical factors, General psychotherapy is a complex of psychical factors, which operate on the patient of any profile and which operate on the patient of any profile and strengthening of his forces in a fight against illness, strengthening of his forces in a fight against illness, creation round him of the protectively-restoration mode.creation round him of the protectively-restoration mode.

Psychotherapy is auxiliary means, as a general atmosphere on a Psychotherapy is auxiliary means, as a general atmosphere on a background which surgical, medicamental, physical therapy background which surgical, medicamental, physical therapy treatment comes true. Fully obviously, that such general treatment comes true. Fully obviously, that such general psychotherapy is needed in curative establishment of any profile.psychotherapy is needed in curative establishment of any profile.

► The special psychotherapy is applied in the The special psychotherapy is applied in the clinic of such diseases at which the psychical clinic of such diseases at which the psychical methods of treatment come forward on a methods of treatment come forward on a foreground and present that basic, what a foreground and present that basic, what a doctor helps the patient. Thus use the special doctor helps the patient. Thus use the special methodologies of psychotherapy, such, as methodologies of psychotherapy, such, as rational psychotherapy, suggestion in a state rational psychotherapy, suggestion in a state of неспання, or hypnosis, гіпносугестивна of неспання, or hypnosis, гіпносугестивна (from lat. suggestio - навіюю) psychotherapy, (from lat. suggestio - навіюю) psychotherapy, самонавіювання, autogenic training, самонавіювання, autogenic training, наркопсихотерапія andн.наркопсихотерапія andн.

Methodologies of the special Methodologies of the special psychotherapy divide by two basic psychotherapy divide by two basic

groups groups ► Methodologies, which are base on principles of Methodologies, which are base on principles of

elucidation, persuasion, logical proof, education, elucidation, persuasion, logical proof, education, belong to the first group. By a motive lever them belong to the first group. By a motive lever them there is an address to the mind sick. A term there is an address to the mind sick. A term "rational psychotherapy" (from lat. ratio -розум) "rational psychotherapy" (from lat. ratio -розум) was offered by the Swiss psychotherapist Paul was offered by the Swiss psychotherapist Paul Дюбуа.Дюбуа.

► Here it follows to take all types of arousal, Here it follows to take all types of arousal, stimulant, scray psychotherapy, because stimulant, scray psychotherapy, because psychotherapy persuasion can not be limited to psychotherapy persuasion can not be limited to calming of patient, it must be sent to activation, on calming of patient, it must be sent to activation, on alteration of behavior of patient.alteration of behavior of patient.

► Certainly, rational Certainly, rational psychotherapy at able psychotherapy at able application will make application will make good only on condition good only on condition that personality of doctor that personality of doctor in an intellectual relation in an intellectual relation is higher of personality of is higher of personality of patient. It is important patient. It is important also, that a doctor in also, that a doctor in general impressed to the general impressed to the patient and able to patient and able to conquer his liking and conquer his liking and trust from the first trust from the first sessions of rational sessions of rational psychotherapy.psychotherapy.

► Rational therapy in the practical activity is Rational therapy in the practical activity is applied by every medical worker. The applied by every medical worker. The psychotherapy action of this method heads psychotherapy action of this method heads mainly for a change to the patients of mainly for a change to the patients of estimation of the sickly state, because estimation of the sickly state, because rational psychotherapy is built on rational psychotherapy is built on knowledge of laws of logic. An effect is knowledge of laws of logic. An effect is arrived at by systematic interview of arrived at by systematic interview of medical worker with a patient, by medical worker with a patient, by elucidation of him sickly symptoms, elucidation of him sickly symptoms, elevating mind sick.elevating mind sick.

► To cause a hypnosis, To cause a hypnosis, apply different apply different irritants which irritants which operate on a visual, operate on a visual, auditory or skin auditory or skin analyzer, but the analyzer, but the most strong irritant is most strong irritant is a word, which due to a word, which due to past vital experience past vital experience of the grown man is of the grown man is related to all external related to all external and internal irritants and internal irritants which act to the which act to the hemicerebrums.hemicerebrums.

By testimonies to the By testimonies to the hypnosishypnosis

► to be great pain at the neuralgia of ternate nerve, at new formations, to be great pain at the neuralgia of ternate nerve, at new formations, which can not be taken off by analgetics,which can not be taken off by analgetics,

► headache of other etiology, phantom pain. headache of other etiology, phantom pain. ► atypical forms of bronchial asthma, atypical forms of bronchial asthma, ► attacks of stenocardia,attacks of stenocardia,► hypertensive illness And and II of the stage,hypertensive illness And and II of the stage,► neuroses, neuroses, ► some forms of skin diseasessome forms of skin diseases► children have логоневрози,children have логоневрози,► night incontinence of urine, night incontinence of urine, ► bad habits.bad habits.► alcoholism and drug addiction,alcoholism and drug addiction,► in obstetric and stomatological practice.in obstetric and stomatological practice.

Methods of hypnoidizationMethods of hypnoidization

► Verbal Verbal ► Variant with monotonous звукоVariant with monotonous звуко► Fixing of lookFixing of look► Method of passesMethod of passes► Method of approaching of handsMethod of approaching of hands► Shock methodShock method

Psychotherapy of может проводитсь Psychotherapy of может проводитсь in a form:in a form:

► individual psychotherapyindividual psychotherapy

► group psychotherapy group psychotherapy

► psychotherapy of pairs psychotherapy of pairs

Аrt-therapyАrt-therapy► – – it is a method of psychotherapy which uses for treatment it is a method of psychotherapy which uses for treatment

and психокорекції artistic receptions and work, such, as and психокорекції artistic receptions and work, such, as drawing, modelling, music, photo, movies, books, actor drawing, modelling, music, photo, movies, books, actor trade, creation of histories and others like that. trade, creation of histories and others like that.

► The spectrum of problems at the decision of which there The spectrum of problems at the decision of which there can be the used technique of therapy of арт is wide can be the used technique of therapy of арт is wide enough : internal and міжособові conflicts, existential and enough : internal and міжособові conflicts, existential and age-old crises are traumas, losses, stress disorders, neurotic age-old crises are traumas, losses, stress disorders, neurotic disorders, psychosomatic disorders; development of disorders, psychosomatic disorders; development of creativity; development of integrity of person; an exposure creativity; development of integrity of person; an exposure of особиснісних senses is through work. of особиснісних senses is through work.

► Арт-терапія effectively works as at advising and therapy of Арт-терапія effectively works as at advising and therapy of adults, so children and teenagers. A method does not have adults, so children and teenagers. A method does not have limitations and contra-indications. limitations and contra-indications.

Body-oriented psychotherapyBody-oriented psychotherapy► – – area of psychotherapy, which area of psychotherapy, which

includes ten of schools and includes ten of schools and directions incorporated by a directions incorporated by a general look to the corporal general look to the corporal (physiology) functions as (physiology) functions as inalienable part of integral inalienable part of integral person equally with the person equally with the psychical and power psychical and power phenomena. phenomena.

Cognitive psychotherapyCognitive psychotherapy

► – – one of directions of one of directions of modern когнітивно-modern когнітивно-bichevioral approach in bichevioral approach in psychotherapy, worked psychotherapy, worked out A. Beck, that leans out A. Beck, that leans against position about against position about the qualificatory role of the qualificatory role of cognitive processes cognitive processes (and first of all thought) (and first of all thought) in the origin of different in the origin of different sort of psychological sort of psychological problems and psychical problems and psychical rejections (for example, rejections (for example, depressions).depressions).

Hypnosis Hypnosis

► Hypnosis-Hypnosis- a social a social interaction in which interaction in which one person ( the one person ( the hypnotist) suggests hypnotist) suggests to another ( the to another ( the subject) that certain subject) that certain perceptions, perceptions, feelings, thoughts or feelings, thoughts or behaviors will occur behaviors will occur

►

HypnosisHypnosis

Can anyone Experience Can anyone Experience Hypnosis?Hypnosis?

►It depends on the subject’s It depends on the subject’s openness to suggestion openness to suggestion

HypnosisHypnosis

Can Hypnosis Enhance Recall of Can Hypnosis Enhance Recall of Forgotten Events?Forgotten Events?

► Hypnosis does not help us recover Hypnosis does not help us recover “accurate memories as far back as “accurate memories as far back as birth”birth”

► Highly hypnotizable ppl are Highly hypnotizable ppl are especially venerable to false especially venerable to false memory suggestionsmemory suggestions

HypnosisHypnosis

Can hypnosis force ppl to act Can hypnosis force ppl to act against their will? against their will?

►An authoritative person in a An authoritative person in a legitimate context can legitimate context can induce ppl- hypnotized or induce ppl- hypnotized or not- to perform some not- to perform some unlikely actsunlikely acts

Can Hypnosis Alleviate Can Hypnosis Alleviate Pain Pain

► YES YES ► 10% of us can become so deeply 10% of us can become so deeply

hypnotized that even major hypnotized that even major surgery can be performed without surgery can be performed without anesthesia anesthesia

► Dissociation- a split between Dissociation- a split between levels of consciousness. levels of consciousness.

► Dissociate the sensation of the pain Dissociate the sensation of the pain from the emotional sufferingfrom the emotional suffering

► Selective AttentionSelective Attention

Is Hypnosis an Altered State of Is Hypnosis an Altered State of Consciousness Consciousness

Hypnosis as a social phenomenonHypnosis as a social phenomenon ► Behaviors produced through Behaviors produced through

hypnotic procedures can also be hypnotic procedures can also be produced without themproduced without them

► PPl. do what is expected of themPPl. do what is expected of them

► UnhypnotizedUnhypnotized

persons can persons can also do thisalso do this

Is Hypnosis an Altered State of Is Hypnosis an Altered State of ConsciousnessConsciousness

Hypnosis As A Divided Hypnosis As A Divided ConsciousnessConsciousness

► Explains hypnosis not as a Explains hypnosis not as a unique “trance state” where the unique “trance state” where the “subconscious” is under control “subconscious” is under control by the hypnotist but rather as a by the hypnotist but rather as a split in awareness caused by the split in awareness caused by the “subjective experience of “subjective experience of hypnosis.”hypnosis.”

► Hilgard’s ExperimentHilgard’s Experiment

Perspectives On DissociationPerspectives On Dissociation

Hilgard’s Hidden ObserverHilgard’s Hidden Observer

► Hidden Observer:Hidden Observer: describes hypnotized describes hypnotized subject’s awareness subject’s awareness of experiences, such of experiences, such as pain, that go as pain, that go unreported during unreported during hypnosis.hypnosis.

Is a part of the Is a part of the person that has the person that has the experience.experience.

Hypnosis Concepts: Can Hypnosis Have Hypnosis Concepts: Can Hypnosis Have an Effect After The Session?an Effect After The Session?

► Posthypnotic Amnesia:Posthypnotic Amnesia: supposed supposed inability to recall what one experienced inability to recall what one experienced during hypnosis; induced by the during hypnosis; induced by the hypnotist’s suggestion. “You will no longer hypnotist’s suggestion. “You will no longer remember anything you experienced remember anything you experienced today.”today.”

► Posthypnotic Suggestion:Posthypnotic Suggestion: a suggestion a suggestion made during a hypnosis session that will made during a hypnosis session that will be carried out after hypnosis session is be carried out after hypnosis session is over. “You will no longer feel the need to over. “You will no longer feel the need to smoke after this session is oversmoke after this session is over.”.”

Near Death Experiences Near Death Experiences

Near Death ExperiencesNear Death Experiences

► Near Death Near Death ExperiencesExperiences: an : an altered state of altered state of consciousness consciousness reported after a reported after a close brush with close brush with death.death.

DualismDualism

► Dualism:Dualism: argues that argues that the mind and body are the mind and body are two distinct entities two distinct entities that interact. The that interact. The “mind” is nonphysical “mind” is nonphysical and can exist apart and can exist apart from the physical body.from the physical body.

► Was put forth by many Was put forth by many philosophers including philosophers including Renee Descartes and Renee Descartes and Socrates.Socrates.

Monism (Materialism)Monism (Materialism)

► Monism argues that the mind Monism argues that the mind and body are different aspects and body are different aspects of the same thing.of the same thing.

► Mind and body cannot be Mind and body cannot be separated without bodies we separated without bodies we are nobodies.are nobodies.

► Thomas Hobbes along with Thomas Hobbes along with many philosophers and many philosophers and scientists support this scientists support this viewpointviewpoint..

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