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Principles of Design!
Good Design Equation
Elements
Line
Shape
Space
Texture
Color
• Principles
▫ Balance
▫ Proportion
▫ Emphasis
▫ Rhythm
▫ Harmony
+ = Good Design!!
The principles of design are artistic guidelines for using all the design elements
Fashion designers use them in designing and sewing clothing.
Balance
A design has balance when the spaces on both sides of a central line (real or imagined) appear equal.
A balanced design gives a sense of stability..
For example, what you see on the left side of this shirt visually balances what is on the right side.
Both sides of the shirt aren’t exact, but it’s in balance.
Symmetrical Balance
This shirt is an example of symmetrical balance because both sides are identical.
This types of balance usually gives a formal, tailored look.
Asymmetrical Balance
Some designers like to add an element of interest or a sense of excitement to a garment by surprising the eye with differences.
Asymmetrical clothes don’t look the same on both sides.
Asymmetrical Balance
Even when the sides of a garment are visually different, the design can still be in balance.
Design elements have varying visual “weights.”
A warm, dark color will seem heavier than a cool, light color.
Fact…
Asymmetrical has an informal look.
Garments with asymmetry are often more difficult and more costly to make because both sides must be handled differently.
Proportion
Proportion describes how separate parts of a garment relate to each other and to the whole in size.
Proportion is also called scale.
Unequal parts look best together.
Proportion
In fashion, a 3-to-5 ratio has been commonly used.
The ratio gained favor because it provides a flattering look that equates to body structure.
Emphasis
When you look at an outfit, what catches your eye first?
The focal point is known as the emphasis.
What is the focal point here?
Emphasis
Emphasis can be used to make clothing more interesting.
It can also be used to highlight your best features, or hide figure problems.
Color, line, texture, design details, trims, and accessories all emphasize.
Rhythm
When you think of rhythm you may think of a regular drumbeat in music.
In design, rhythm is visual, carrying the eye through a regular pattern produced by design elements.
Types of Rhythm
Repetition: repeating patterns
Ex) rows of stripes
Radiation: lines or patterns flow from central point
Ex) gathers in a skirt
Gradation: a pattern changes gradually, as in a change of color or size
Rhythm is important!
Good rhythm is apparent when the lines of an outfit work well together.
i.e. a curved pocket complements the curve of a jacket hem.
Poor rhythm is upsetting.
Conflicting lines, such as curved seams and striped fabric tend to break the rhythm of an outfit.
Harmony
Harmony is when the design elements complement each other.
Emphasis
Rhythm
Proportion
Harmony
Balance
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