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Principles of DesignBuilding blocks of creating and interpreting Art
What are the Principles of Design?
Used for creating and evaluating art The Principles of Design are useful for
organizing a composition Some works of art contain some or
none of the Principles of Design
Movement
Associated with Rhythm, an arrangement of parts to create a sense of motion to the viewers eye. Movement can also move the viewer’s eye toward a focal point. Attributes of Movement▪ Implied Movement: association of movement
from a moving object (i.e. water, cars, people, etc)
▪ Optical Movement: movement of the viewers eye across an area by using color or shapes
Katsushika HokusaiThe Great Wave of Kanagawa
Pablo PicassoGuernica1937
Pattern
Created by repeating lines, shapes or other elements in an organized way Attributes of Pattern▪ Repetition:▪ Regular Pattern: patterns that repeat in a
linear way (i.e. shingles, bricks, tiles, etc)▪ Radial Pattern: patterns that are symmetrical
when cut in half (i.e. leaves, carpets, flowers, etc)▪ Irregular: shapes or lines found from nature
Chartres CathedralRose Window1215
Andy WarholCampbell’s Soup
Greek Vase
Rhythm
Design principle based on the repetition of art elements. Developing rhythm can help unify a work of Art. Attributes of Rhythm:▪ Rhythm can be planned or unplanned
placement of repeating elements or objects. Varying the repetition of objects will create better interest.
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Jacob LawrenceBarber Shop1946
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Auguste RodinThree Shades1881
Contrast
The difference of art elements in a composition Attributes of Contrast▪ Value: Amount of contrast▪ Color: Compliments▪ Shape: Variation of shape
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Larry PoonsOrange Crush1963
Emphasis
One element in a composition stands out from the rest of the composition Attributes of Emphasis▪ Focal Point: the point in the composition where
the viewer’s eye is attracted to first▪ Contrast: color and shape can create
emphasis by changing its value
Balance
The distribution of visual weight in an art work. Attributes of Balance▪ Radial: type of balance that originates from a
circular center▪ Formal: symmetrical balance▪ Informal: asymmetrical balance
Georgia O’KeeffeOriental Poppies1927
Mark RothkoOriental Poppies1927
James WhistlerArrangement in Gray and Black1871
Unity
Describes the way the artwork is treated as a whole. It is when all the principles and elements work as a whole.
Attributes of Unity▪ Proximity: creating groups of objects▪ Similarity: making things similar to one
another▪ Continuation: creating a flow of vision
Vincent Van GoghThe Starry Night(1889)
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Leonardo Da VinciMona Lisa(1503-1519)
Andy WarholShot Orange Marilyn1964