8/19/2019 Principles of Bioethics2

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PRINCIPLES OF BIOETHICS

ERWIN P. CARABEO, M.D., FPCP

I. Definition

Bioethics - a discipline dealing with the ethical

implicatins ! "ilgical #esea#ch and

applicatins especiall$ in medicine 

- Websters Online Dictionary  

II. Ethical Principles

  %. A&tnm$ ' #ight ! indi(id&al t ma)e chices*

p#inciple ! in!#med cnsent

  +. Bene!icence ' ding gd # what will !the# the

patients inte#est

  . Nn male!icence ' a(id ha#m t the patient

  . /&stice ' dist#i"&tin ! gds and se#(ices !ai#l$*

t#eat e0&al cases e0&all$

III. Informe Consent

%. Re0&i#ements  - cmpetent patient1s#gate

  - !#ee !#m ce#cin # &nd&e in!l&ence

  - p#(isin ! &nde#standa"le necessa#$ in!#matin

+. 2#gate Decisin Ma)e#s

  - sp&se

  - child#en ! legal age

  - pa#ents

  - si"lings ! legal age

  - g#andchild#en ! legal age

  - c&sins

. P#inciples g(e#ning decisin ma)ing when patient is

n lnge# cmpetent

  - )nwn p#i# e3p#essed ! the patient

  - s&"stit&ted 4&dgment

  - "est inte#est ! the patient

  - hspital ethics cmmittee

  - cts

. Disclse necessa#$ !# in!#med cnsent

  - diagnsis  - nate and ppse ! the t#eatment

  - )nwn #is)s and cnse0&ences ! t#eatment

  - dct#s and hspitals s&ccess and !aile #ates

  - "ene!its e3pected and the li)elihd ! thei# "eing

#eali5ed

  - all alte#nati(e t#eatments

  - p#gnsis i! n t#eatment is gi(en

  - csts and "dens ! the t#eatment

6. E3ceptins t the Re0&i#ement ! In!#med Cnsent

  - implied cnsent

  - the#ape&tic p#i(ilege

  - eme#gencies

I!. Factors that contri"#te to eterminin$ meical nee

  %. li)elihd t "ene!it the patient

  +. genc$ ! need

  . change in 0&alit$ ! li!e

  . datin ! "ene!it

!. Non-meical criteria for limits that sho#l not "e

#se

  %. a"ilit$ t pa$

  +. scial w#th

  . "stacles t t#eatment

  . patient cnt#i"&tin t illness

6. &se ! past #esces

!I. Research Ethics

-

the s$stematic anal$sis ! ethical and lega0&estins t ense that st&d$ pa#ticipants a#e

p#tected and, &ltimatel$, that clinical #esea#ch

is cnd&cted in a wa$ that se#(es the needs !

s&ch pa#ticipants and ! sciet$ as a whle.

- 7&iding p#inciples8 #espect !# pe#sns

"ene!icence, 4&stice

- Othe# ethical #e0&i#ements !# clinical #esea#ch8

%. A st&d$ m&st empl$ a scientifically valid

design t answe# the #esea#ch 0&estin.

+. A st&d$ m&st add#ess a question of sufficient

value t 4&sti!$ the #is) psed t

pa#ticipants.

  . A st&d$ m&st "e conducted honestly .

  . 2t&d$ !indings m&st "e reported accurately

and promptly .

- Reasns wh$ patients (l&ntee# !# #esea#ch

st&dies8%. t imp#(e ca#e !# !&te patients with

health p#"lems li)e thei#s

+. t #ecei(e the newest t#eatments

. t ha(e m#e ca#e!&l mnit#ing ! thei

cnditins and t#eatments

. t get !#ee ca#e the$ need, which the$ can

a!!#d