Prince George Free Press, January 23, 2015

www.pgfreepress.com | newsline: 250.564.0005

HEALTH: Endoscopes improperly

cleaned at UHNBCP3

JANUARY 2015

2

Teresa MALLAM/Free PressA picture is worth a thousand words or miles of travel in this mixed media artwork created at CNC’s “this is the heArt of diversity” themed workshop on last week. See story Page 8.

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Pighin art picked

For artist and teacher Jennifer Annais Pighin, her designs chosen for the 2015 Canada Winter Games are as much about showing respect for those who came before her as they are an expression of her artistic talent.

Pighin created three designs used for Team B.C. scarves and shirts as well as com-memorative pins that will be widely seen around Prince George in Febru-ary when it proudly hosts the Games for the first time.

Importantly for her, says Pighin, Lheidli T’enneh is First Nation host for the Games, the first time a First Nation has been named an official host of the Games.

“They [Winter Games committee] called and asked me to create the designs – I really don’t know why they chose me but I was happy to come up with some-thing,” she said. “But I also want to acknowl-edge the knowledge-holders who have passed on our art and cultural traditions so that I could do this.”

When she first sat down to create them, the designs came easily to her, she says.

“I have lots of ideas,” she said, laughing. Indeed, the prolific artist has her own web-

site featuring her work which is always evolv-ing despite the fact she has other roles such as teacher, student and busy mother of two. Pighin was born and raised in Prince George and spent six or seven years in the Lower Mainland pursuing her higher education.

Currently she’s working on her Masters of First Nations Studies at UNBC. She teaches at PGSS.

Team B.C. partnered with Pighin, a council member for the Lheidli T’enneh, and commis-sioned three designs to be used on Team B.C. apparel and pins for the 2015 Canada Winter Games.

“These beautiful designs are going to be a huge hit at the upcoming Games,” said Coralee Oakes, minister of community, sport and cultural development, in a Jan. 13 press release.

“What a great way to share the spirit of the North and the culture of the Lheidli T’enneh,” she said.

“I am excited to be part of this project as it involves youth,” Pighin said in the same release. “Opportunities like this are so uplift-ing and the chance to share the pride of our culture and our province is exciting.”

In a Jan. 14 news release, it was announced that Pighin is also winner of the 2015 Canada

Winter Games Medal Design Competition. Her work was chosen from 39 submissions from across Canada.

Pighin is a snowboarder who loves the outdoors.

“I love winter. It is my thing,” she said, add-ing her eight-year-old twin boys enjoy sports including skiing and outdoor recreation and her mother was a figure skater. Growing up on the North Nechako River, Pighin says she has a true understanding of and strong endur-ing bond with natural environment which comes through in the three designs she cre-ated for Team B.C.

The scarf shows a sockeye salmon, a staple food of the interior people.

“Salmon take a phenomenal journey to Prince George and they are nothing like they were when they started, changing colours and becoming lean as they move up the river,” she said.

Another aspect of her talent is represented in a Team B.C. puzzle pin, a three-part pin in-spired by the work of her elders and depicting a dug-out canoe, a traditional form of travel.

“It has been an honour to work with Jenni-fer on the creation of these designs,” said Rob Needham, Team B.C. Chef de Mission. “The Team B.C. athletes, coaches and mission staff will wear the pieces with pride and they are excited to debut them in Prince George.”

According to the release, the 2015 Canada Winter Games are expected to bring together 3,300 athletes, coaches and managers from every province and territory to compete in 19 sports. For more about Jennifer Pighin visit www.jenniferannaispighin.com.

Teresa [email protected]

Teresa MALLAM/Free PressArtist and teacher Jennifer Pighin shows off the design she created for scarves worn by Team B.C. during the Canada Winter Games hosted by Prince George.

for 2015 Canada Winter Games For local provincial government staff , doing business in the province’s capital

got easier Jan. 12.Th at was the day the fi rst direct fl ight between Victoria and Prince George

touched down at the Prince George airport.Th e inaugural fl ight, originating in Victoria, landed in northern B.C. at 6:40

p.m. Th e non-stop service, off ered by Pacifi c Coastal Airlines, operates six days a week on a 30-seat Saab 340A.

“I fl ew in on the new non-stop service and it was a very comfortable, quick fl ight,” said John Gibson, president and CEO of the Prince George Airport Authority. “Th e cabin is very roomy and we are extremely excited locals can get to the Island in only an hour and a half. We look forward to working with Pacifi c Coastal on making this new service a success.”

“We’ve had our eye on Prince George for many years, so today is a very ex-citing day for us,” said Pacifi c Coastal Airlines’ director of sales and marketing Kevin Boothroyd. “We look forward to planting and growing roots in northern B.C. and creating relationships with those who live in the region.”

Welcoming celebrations took place in both Victoria and Prince George. Prince George Mayor Lyn Hall along with representatives from Tourism Prince George, Initiatives Prince George and the BC Construction Association were in attendance welcoming the fi rst fl ight into YXS.

Th e fl ight between Prince George and Victoria operates Sunday to Friday. It departs Victoria at 5 p.m. arriving into Prince George at 6:40 p.m.

Th e aircraft departs YXS at 7:05 p.m., arriving in YYJ at 8:45 p.m.

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12

Bill PHILLIPS/Free PressDr. Abu Hamour, Prince George Medical Director, left, Dr. Ronald Chapman, Vice President, Medicine, and Michael McMillan, Northern Health Northern Interior Chief Operating Officer, address the media Wednesday.

NH scope woesimproper cleaning discovered

For close to two years, endo-scopes at the University Hospital of Northern B.C. were not being cleaned according to the manu-facturer’s recommendations.

As a result, Northern Health is now in the process of notifying the approximately 10,000 people who had a pro-cedure using an endoscope.

“First and foremost, I would like to apologize for any undue stress that this information might cause our patients,” said Dr. Ronald Chap-man, Northern Health’s vice president of medicine.

Chapman, along with Dr. Abu Hamour, Prince George medical director, stressed that the risk of anyone becoming infected because of the improper clean-ing, is extremely low. Northern Health has consulted with the British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, which has also advised that the risk of anyone becoming infected is extremely low.

“We are not aware of any infections,” said Hamour, who added that the risk includes contracting blood-borne viruses such as HIV and hepati-

tis. “Th e risk is exceptionally low. Th is was the pre-cleaning process, that was followed by the actual cleaning process, which involves manual cleaning as well as sterilization.”

Northern Health is urging anyone who may be concerned about possibly being infected

because of this, to contact their local physician, who can arrange for them to be tested.

Chapman said the risk of an infection stemming from the cleaning procedure is low because the error was in the pre-cleaning process.

“Th e physician and the nurse who use the scope are responsi-ble for the pre-cleaning steps, to remove any tissue from a narrow air and water channel,” he said.

“Th is involves using a syringe to fl ush air and water through the channel to remove any debris.”

He said a button must be held down for 30 seconds to fl ush the water and air through the scope, followed by suction for 10 seconds. Th e button was not being held for the complete 30

seconds, said Chapman.Aft er the pre-cleaning,

the scope was then cleaned and sterilized.

“If debris was not removed in the pre-clean-ing, it may be possible that it might not be re-moved by further process-ing,” Chapman said.

He added that as soon as the error was no-ticed, the procedure was changed.

Th e error did not impact the diagnostic outcome of the tests and other endoscope procedures at UHNBC were not aff ected, he added.

Michael McMillan, Northern Health Northern Interior Chief Operating Offi cer, would not say whether disciplinary action was taken as a result of the error, but said Northern Health will con-duct a “full accountability review of the issue.”

Bill [email protected]

We are notaware of any

infections.- Dr. Abu Hamour

there’s more online »

Be a part of your community paper.Comment online.

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ress .com

Th e good news is that the fl u going around this year isn’t as virulent as last year.

Th e bad news is that fl u shot you get isn’t targeted specifi cally at this year’s virus.

“It didn’t hit the bull’s eye, but it hit all around it,” said Dr. William Osei, Northern Health Medical Health Of-fi cer, adding getting a fl u shot is still part of a multi-faceted defence against coming down with the annual ailment that is most prevalent at this time of year.

In addition to getting a fl u shot, tak-ing other precautionary measures will also helpn such as washing your hands frequently, coughing or sneezing into your sleeve rather than your hands, disposing of tissues properly, and, if you get sick, staying at home so you don’t infect others.

While H1N1 was all the talk last year, this year H3N2 is what is hitting the streets, care homes, and schools. You need a microscope to determine the diff erence between the two because

the symptoms are the same … you have the fl u.

“H1N1 is more the pandemic type,” said Osei. “It’s more virulent. It gets to more people, faster.”

As a result, Osei says this year’s fl u season is a mild one. Last year there were lineups at fl u clinics, this year, not so much. Osei said it’s diffi cult to get a fi rm number on the actual numbers of cases, since most people just stay home when they get the fl u.

However, so far this year Northern Health has confi rmed 21 cases of the fl u, compared to 47 at this time last year. Th ose cases break down to two in the northwest, nine in the central interior and 10 in the northeast.

Northern Health has administered 16,453 fl u shots this season. Num-bers of fl u shots given by doctors and pharmacies won’t be available until sometime in March.

Osei says the fl u usually hits the hardest in early January with another peak about four weeks later. Northern Health continues to urge residents to get a fl u shot, wash their hands frequently, sneeze into shirt sleeves and, if you do get sick, just stay home.

Flu season in the North has been a mild one this yearBill [email protected]


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Just hours aft er Veterans Aff airs minis-ter Julian Fantino was shuffl ed out of the position, city council voiced its support for re-opening a Veterans Aff airs offi ce in Prince George.

Th e Legion’s John Scott and Bruce Gabriel made the pitch to city council on Jan. 5.

Veterans Aff airs was established to help veterans of the two World Wars and Korea, Scott said. One of the problems is that the defi nition of a veteran, aft er that, excluded current veterans.

Th ree years ago Veterans Aff airs announced the closure of the Prince George offi ce, ostensibly as a cost-cutting measure. Veterans Aff airs matters are now dealt with through the Service Canada offi ce.

“Th ey then began sending fi les from Prince George to Penticton and Vancou-ver, that way they could claim there was no need for an offi ce here, because there were so few fi les,” Scott said.

He said Veterans Aff airs seems to think the numbers of veterans are declin-ing, however, he added, with Bosnia, Iraq, and Afghanistan, that likely isn’t so, adding that Veterans Aff airs also has re-sponsibilities to the families of veterans.

Th ere are about 40 veterans in Prince George, he said.

“Th ere is no substitute for one-on-one, face-to-face meetings,” Scott said. “Our veterans must rely on phone calls, or computers, or questionnaires.”

He said veterans oft en want private meetings and are uncomfortable being lumped in with the crowds at the Service Canada offi ces.

“It’s been my experience, in dealings with veterans, is that they feel abandoned by Veterans Aff airs,” Scott said, asking council to help press Ottawa and local MPs to re-open a Veterans Aff airs offi ce in Prince George.

“I’ve been appalled for a while,” said Coun. Susan Scott, who is the chaplain for the Prince George Legion and, she said, the daughter of two veterans. “Th e fact that Veterans Aff airs is in a major fi -nancial surplus, is just staggering, in light of what has been done. It is shameful.”

Her voice broke slightly as she said: “I hope we stand behind our veterans.”

Coun. Brian Skakun said Prince George is the hub throughout northern B.C. for many services and veterans’ services shouldn’t be any diff erent.

Mayor Lyn Hall said it’s an issue that the city should also bring up with the North Central Local Government As-sociation.

“I think there’s an opportunity for us to do something,” he said. “If we can get on the bandwagon to try and show support in the entire north for the need, that’ll go a long ways.”

Coun. Garth Frizzell put forward a motion seeking to enact a community covenant, which was recently approved, to determine what the city can do in

response to the closure of the offi ce.“It would be my privilege to sign that

letter and send of off to Ottawa,” Hall said.

However, a letter to Prince George-Peace River MP Don Zimmer might not get much to change.

“Services will be available at every one of Service Canada’s 600 locations across the country, a dramatic increase from the 33 Veterans Aff airs Canada offi ces located only in urban centres,” Zimmer said in a letter to the Prince George Free Press last year.

“Each Service Canada location will have staff trained by Veterans Aff airs Canada to help people with their benefi t applications, answer questions, and assist them in accessing other services. Th is means that thousands of Canadian veterans who are living in smaller com-munities like Mackenzie and Dawson Creek will also be able to access services face-to-face in their own communities.

“To say that Canada’s veterans will receive diminished service because of the VAC closure is simply not true, as the same services are available at the Service Canada desk. In Prince George the Service Canada desk is located in the same building as the old Veterans Aff airs offi ce.”

In a subsequent letter, Zimmer ac-cused the Public Service Alliance of Canada of “spearheading” a campaign against Veterans Aff airs Canada.

Council supportsre-opening Veterans Affairs office

Teresa MALLAM/Free PressBalance and precise movement along with perfect timing and focus is paramount for every performer at Cirque du Soleil’s Dralion. The exciting show brought the audience to its feet for a standing ovation at the end of the premiere performance earlier this month at CN Centre.

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New Spirit for Northern Health

Th ere’s a new Spirit inside Northern Health.Spirit the Caribou was unveiled Jan. 13 at

Duchess Park Secondary, where Isabel Stratton, who designed the mascot, is a Grade 8 student.

“I decided to make him a caribou,” she said, “because that’s an endangered species. I prob-ably did 10 or 15 drawings of him over two weeks.”

Spirit was designed to help Northern Health engage young people in thinking about healthy living, and was sponsored by the Spirit of the North Healthcare Foundation.

“It’s so diff erent seeing him in 3D,” Isabel said. “I’m really pleased with how he turned out.”

According to the back story she created for Spirit, “When Spirit was young, he was adven-turous and loved to explore. One day, when Spirit was out discovering the world, he got a really bad cold and had to go visit the doctor.”

Th e doctor encouraged Spirit to practice healthy living habits, “so he and his family can stay strong.”

Spirit will make a number of appearances during the upcoming Canada Winter Games, before making appearances across the north, spreading the message of healthy living to young people.

Allan [email protected]

Allan WISHART/Free PressSpirit the Caribou, the new mascot for Northern Health, prepares to high-five the Duchess Park Condors mascot last week at the school. Isabel Stratton, a Duchess Park student, right, designed Spirit.

Talking innovationRobert Quibell is a

techie at heart.Coming in a close

second, though, is marketing. So when the opportunity to become the new executive director at the Innovation Cen-tral Society came up, he jumped at the opportunity.

“There’s huge in-novation (in Prince George),” he said. “It felt like home.”

Armed with an MBA from UNBC and his own success-ful start-up business, Vortex Social Mar-keting, the former College of New Caledonia and City of Prince George employee will now focus his efforts on helping innovative businesses get off the ground.

If you have have an idea or a prototype and want to bring it to market, that’s where the In-novation Central Society can help.

Quibell says they will look at the idea and first help determine whether it has business potential.

“Then we either find them money or brain power,” he said. “Or both.”

Quibell says there is a tremendous amount of companies in Prince George already doing in-novative things and that innovation can involve all kinds of business … from a social market-ing start-up like Quibell’s to innovation in the forestry and mining sector.

Sometimes those innovative ideas just need a helping hand.

Quibell says he wants to focus on three key items at Innovation Central Society.

The first is to develop an “inventor’s circle,” which is finding and evaluating new inventions

or ideas and providing the assistance to get those business ventures off the ground … big or small.

The second is an “investor’s group,” which involves creating essentially a pool of inves-tors who are looking to invest in the area. He will then be able to pass some good ideas onto these investors and the rest is up to the parties involved.

The third focus will be a venture acceleration program, which is based on a customer devel-opment model and a lean start-up framework. The goal of the program is to drive economic development and job creation by accelerating the commercialization of technology. There is a small fee for the venture acceleration program, however all other services provided by the In-novation Central Society are free.

“I’m interested in moving things forward,” Quibell.

The Innovation Central Society is funded by the B.C. Innovation Council, the National Re-search Council and other agencies. It is governed by a local board of directors.

Bill [email protected]

Bill PHILLIPS/Free PressInnovation Central Society executive director Robert Quibell.


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An instructor at the College of New Caledonia has published an award-winning textbook on Aborigi-nal health care in Canada.

Dr. Vasiliki Douglas, CNC nursing instructor and expert on Indigenous health care, wrote Introduction to Aboriginal Health and Health Care in Canada, the fi rst entry-level text-book of its kind. Dr. Douglas holds a PhD in History of Nursing (Univer-sity of Alberta), an MA in History and BA in Ancient History and Classics (McGill University), and a BSN (University of British Columbia) and has won multiple research grants to study and present on Indigenous health research.

Douglas, who has taught Aborigi-nal health to nursing students for more than six years, noticed a gap in dedicated learning material for the topic.

“When I began teaching I was aware that there was a large and rapidly growing body of research on Aboriginal health,” said Dr. Douglas. “I was, however, surprised to fi nd that there was no textbook specifi -cally written to introduce nursing students to this important fi eld.”

Th e textbook was named a 2013 PROSE Award Winner in Nurs-

ing and Allied Health Sciences, an honour granted by the Association of American Publishers. Th e content is presented in two parts, using relevant case studies and concrete examples to introduce students to health concerns facing Canada’s Aboriginal population. Part one, Aboriginal Cul-ture and Health, is an introductory section which discusses the diversity of Aboriginal culture, history of Aboriginal health and the impor-tance of cultural safety in health care. Part two, Aboriginal Health and the Canadian Health Care System, con-tains chapters on the determinants of Aboriginal health, diet and nutrition, diseases, mental health, women’s and children’s health and the future of Aboriginal health care.

Th e text emphasizes the necessity of cultural safety in Aboriginal health care. Cultural safety is a set of prac-tices used worldwide in health care to treat patients of varying cultural backgrounds and belief systems so that patients may be treated without denial of their identities, and also feel spiritually and emotionally supported through their treatment.

“Cultural safety off ers the poten-tial to bridge the divide between Aboriginals and non-Aboriginals

CNC prof. publishes textbook

Courtesy CNCDr. Vasiliki Douglas, CNC nursing instructor and expert on Indigenous health care, wrote Introduction to Aboriginal Health and Health Care in Canada, the first entry-level textbook of its kind.

in the health care system,” said Douglas. “Th is applies both to our relationship with patients and our relationship with other health care professionals, as the number of Aboriginal profes-sionals increases. I strongly believe that increased knowledge

of cultural safety will improve levels of care, and wrote An In-troduction to Aboriginal Health and Health Care in Canada with this in mind.”

Douglas also has publica-tions focusing on Inuvialuit and Inuit traditional medical care

and midwifery, food/cultural security and reconciling tradi-tional knowledge and climate change. She is currently work-ing on a manuscript for another textbook that will have a focus on Aboriginal women’s health in Canada.

Aft er being open for just over a year in Prince George, Target is closing.

Target announced last week that it is closing all of its stores in Canada. It has obtained an initial or-der from the Ontario Superior Court of Justice for creditor protection under the Companies’ Credi-tors Arrangement Act.

Th e order authorizes Target Canada to begin a court-supervised wind-down of its Canadian busi-nesses.

It also provides for a broad stay of proceed-ings against Target Canada and authorizes Target Corporation to provide a debtor-in-possession credit facility of US$175 million to fi nance Target Canada’s operations during the CCAA proceed-ings.

Target opened its location in the Pine Centre Mall in Prince George in early 2013. Target in-vested between $10 million and $11 million in up-

grading the location at the mall. When it opened, it employed between 150 and 200 people.

Th e Ontario court also approved a $70 million employee trust for the benefi t of employees of Tar-get Canada. Th is trust will help provide severance for Target Canada’s 17,600 employees during the wind-down.

Target’s departure predictable says the union representing B.C. retail workers

“It’s no surprise that the Target store in Prince George was thin on staff and merchandise when they refused to hire Zeller’s retail workers – who had years of experience running a successful retail operation in Canada,” said Jason Mann, spokes-person for United Food and Commercial Workers 1518.

Th e United Food and Commercial Workers represented unionized Zellers employees at several stores across Canada.

Missing the markTarget closing Canadian stores

UNBC Assistant Professor of Nursing Dr. Greg Th omas-Reilly has recently returned from Liberia where he worked on ebola infection prevention, control, and mitigation eff orts. Upon his return to Canada he followed all public health requirements, including 21 days of symptom monitoring.

He was tested for ebola at the University Hos-pital of Northern British Columbia this week as a precaution and received confi rmation on Th ursday morning that the test came back negative.

“I would like to recognize the professionalism and support of Northern Health and the BC Min-istry of Health, who acted prudently in the face of a very low-risk situation,” Th omas-Reilly said, in a press release.

“I would never place my family or the public

at risk, as my life and career has been dedicated to preventing and controlling infectious diseases. While not perfect, we as Canadians should be proud and grateful of the incredible health systems that we are privileged to enjoy, as this is certainly not the case in many places around the world, including Liberia.”

Th omas-Reilly would like to use his experience in Liberia to raise public awareness about the cur-rent ebola outbreak in West Africa and potential future outbreaks of infectious diseases. He is also interested in starting a support network to help other Canadian healthcare professionals who are thinking about going to work in an area with an ebola outbreak as well as those returning from as-signments in outbreak zones.

UNBC professor back from LiberiaTested for ebola at UHNBC and cleared


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Black Press legislative reporter Tom Fletcher sat down for a year-end interview with Aboriginal Rela-tions Minister John Rustad. Here is what Rustad had to say.

Q: Can you tell me about some agreements with First Nations you have in the works for 2015?

A: On the LNG front, we have agreements with ap-proximately 20 nations that we have signed and we’ll be announcing some time into the new year. I can’t give you more details than that, but they include the coast, some of the sites where LNG facilities will be, and some of them of course are also pipeline benefi t agreements.

It’s been a good year for us with LNG negotiations. We have another 20 nations that we’re working with and with a few exceptions, most of those are moving along relatively well.

Q: One of the agree-ments signed recently was a benefi t agree-ment with the Wet’suwet’en First Nation. At the same time we have one or two hereditary chiefs at the Unist’ot’en camp (accessible by logging road from Houston), with support from profes-sional environ-mentalists, and they’re adamantly opposed to gas or oil pipelines. Have I got that right?

A: I wouldn’t characterize it that way. Here is how the Wet’suwet’en people are divided. Th ere is the of-fi ce of the Wet’suwet’en, which is all of the hereditary chiefs from the Wet’suwet’en areas. And then there are six elected bands, four of which have asserted their territory, working with their hereditary chiefs, and those are the Wet’suwet’en First Nation, the Skin Tyee First Nation, the Nee Tahi Buhn Indian Band and the Burns Lake Indian Band.

And then there is the Moricetown Band and Hagwilget, which have not asserted their territory but work under the Offi ce of the Wet’suwet’en.

Th e Unist’ot’en is one hereditary chief, and the Unist’ot’en family is involved in the blockade. So I’m hopeful, we’ve been working with them. I’m opti-mistic that in the new year we may be able to fi nd a resolution to that particular issue.

Q: Another highlight of the year, the Site C dam announcement on the Peace River. We’ve got Treaty 8 First Nations who remain opposed. Th ey signed their treaty in 1899, it surrendered the territory east of the Rockies and it protects their traditional hunting, trap-ping and fi shing. Th e joint review panel on Site C said there are impacts here that really can’t be mitigated. What’s the duty of the Crown in that situation?

A: Obviously we have a duty of consultation, and where appropriate accommodation. We’ve done a

lot of work with those nations to date, and we will continue to be engaged with the Treaty 8 nations.

But certainly, particularly for West Moberly First Nations, who are arguably most impacted by this project, it’s going to be challenging.

It has signifi cant impact on them directly as a people, so we’re going to need to fi nd ways to miti-gate. You can’t mitigate the fact that the valley will be fl ooded, but fi nd some other things that we can do with the nation.

We’re engaged with them as well as the other Treaty 8 nations. BC Hydro still has a lot of work to be done. We have to fi nd some way to bring some agreement if we can.

Q: Some of those groups have logging and con-struction companies that could realize a benefi t from a project like that?

A: Th ere will be hundreds of millions of dollars worth of business and economic opportunity for the people in that area and specifi -cally First Nations. Some business units already have contracts with BC Hydro. My hope is that those com-panies and bands have opportunities to fully participate.

Q: Can those opposed stop Site

C?A: Obviously there are some legal challenges out

there. I would say Site C has probably been the most studied major project in British Columbia’s history. Th ere have been conversations that have gone on for 30-plus years and a lot of engagement with First Na-tions on it. I can’t say what a judge will say.

And not to forget that there are 10 [non-aborigi-nal] landowners that will be signifi cantly impacted, and it will certainly be diffi cult for them as this project advances.

Q: Th e Tsilhqot’in court decision recognizing aboriginal title was a big event in 2014. Are people reading too much into that as a precedent for other First Nations, or is that territorial claim really unique?

A: It is unique. Th ere has never before been a dec-laration of aboriginal title in Canada. It’s also unique as a very long court case that led to that decision. One thing that isn’t unique, we know that aboriginal title exists, it’s in the Canadian constitution. Th e courts have said that it exists but they have never defi ned ex-actly where it was. When you look at how the defi ni-tion was applied for the Tsilhqot’in decision, that was known as well, in terms of the continuous occupation prior to 1864 [Chilcotin war], their continuous and exclusive use.

Th is is the fi rst direct title award. It certainly has raised expectations, and from our perspective, we want to do as the courts have said, and that is sit

Pivotal year ahead in B.C.for aboriginal relations says minister Rustad

Tom FLETCHER/Black PressAboriginal Relations Minister John Rustad (left) meets with Tsilhqot’in chiefs Roger William and Joe Alphonse at his leg-islature office.

down and negotiate. What does this mean? How do we work with First Na-tions to defi ne their aboriginal title for those nations who want to do that.

Q: Th at decision was based on the jurisdiction of the forests ministry, and what the Supreme Court of Canada decided was that the province still has jurisdiction to go in and put out forest fi res if that’s required, but not much else. Is there a sense of unfairness among the non-aboriginal population about how this has come out?

A: I’ve certainly heard from people who are wondering, where does this go. When you look at what the consti-tution and the court says, it’s a reality for us in British Columbia. It’s some-

thing I think we need to embrace and fi nd ways to work within it.

More importantly for the Tsilhqot’in people, how do we create an economy for them? How do you help them build a future in today’s world and economy? I think [former Nisga’a Na-tion president] Dr. Joseph Gosnell put it well when he was at the legislature not long ago. He said aboriginal people, economically, are 100 years behind non-aboriginal people and that needs to change.

And that means aboriginal people need to be engaged in the economy, and there need to be benefi ts that fl ow from where aboriginal people have title on the land base.


VICTORIA – Inspired by her holistic ranching background, Lieutenant Governor Judith Guichon has launched a province-wide environmental edu-cation program for high school teachers and youth leaders.

Stewards of the Future off ers grants of up to $800 per group to cover fi eld trips, fees for programs and guess speakers, equipment and teacher release time for projects. It is off ered for students from grades 9-12, First Nations educators, 4-H, Guide and Scout groups and environment clubs, with an application deadline of Jan. 23 for the spring program.

“Th rough Stewards of the Future, students will have the opportunity to explore issues that af-fect the land, water and other natural resources in British Columbia,” Guichon said. “Th e goal of this

program is not to solve the challenges we face, but rather to encourage open discussion and gain a better understanding of the issues that aff ect our natural surroundings.”

Program partners, including the education min-istry and B.C. Parks, off er support for projects such as research on invasive species leading to mapping and removal.

Th e Stewards of the Future toolkit emphasizes hands-on “place-based” experience to appreciate and enhance biodiversity.

Guichon and her late husband Lawrence Guichon are credited with pioneering holistic man-agement in the B.C. cattle industry, emphasizing preservation of natural grassland on their historic Merritt-area ranch.

Holistic management, developed by African biol-ogist and game ranger Allan Savory, overturned the long-held belief that overgrazing is the result of too

many animals. Savory proved that reducing the number of animals doesn’t restore grass-lands, which developed in the presence of large herds that were kept closely bunched and moving to avoid preda-tors. Planned grazing mimics that pattern and gives grasslands time to recover.

Details and ap-plication forms for the Stewards of the Future program are available at the Lieu-tenant Governor’s website, www.ltgov.bc.ca

Guichon intends to visit programs in the province and incor-porate an awards program for partici-pants.

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A celebration of diversity.Th e College of New Cale-

donia (CNC) held the lat-est instalment in a series of workshops that celebrate their digenization and internation-alization.

Organizer and artist Cat Sivertsen said Jan. 14 the workshop had a heart theme and slogan: “Th is is the HeArt of diversity.”

Th e event was hosted by CNC’s International Education department and the Aborigi-nal Resource Centre and was held in the Gathering Place. Participants were encouraged to be creative with their ideas and use of materials, said Sivertsen.

“Canfor donated all the paper for our event and I cut it up into squares to make it easier for people to work on. Our medium was mixed media so we had materials like little maps, origami paper, cupcake holders – and lots of glitter.

“We’ve been running this

series at CNC for about a year and a half but this is the fi rst art-based one we’ve done.”

Facilitator Elyse Elmslie said several students and faculty members stopped by Wednes-day to add their artistic fl air.

“I’m painting a picture in between talking with people. Rather than just simply asking people to do a piece of art about where they come from, which can be a little daunting for some people, I ask them to use a heart shape. I think the heart is a nice symbol and people can get creative with it and incorporate it in their artwork.”

Elmslie says the intent of the series as a whole is to create a more welcoming environment for the college community. Indeed, twin sisters Orsi and Francisca Hamari, exchange students from France, were at a table with fellow CNC student Nimra Riaz enjoying a creative time with brushes, paints and paper Wednesday.

A table at the back of the room was piled high with colourful paintings and, of course, hearts.

A celebration of diversity at CNCTeresa [email protected]

Teresa MALLAM/Free PressOrsi Hamari, left, joins Nimra Riaz and her twin sister Francisca Hamari in creating heart-themed artwork Jan. 14 during a workshop to celebrate CNC’s indigenization and internationalization. The sisters are exchange students from France.

LG sponsors youth programsTom FletcherBlack Press


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Answers to puzzle 512

X CROSSWORD

5

It’s easy to take a trip back in time with the Prince George newspapers digitization project, found online on the Prince George Public Library’s website at pgnewspapers.lib.pg.bc.ca/

Th e old papers are oft en diffi cult to read due to their condition. Th e earliest copies have few if any photographs. But they’re a treasure trove of stories. Th e writing is colorful, with a mixture of news and opinion, oft en in the same article. Here are some snippets beginning with our earliest newspaper.

Fort George Tribune, December 11, 1909Under the heading:

LOCAL NEWS OF FORT GEORGE DISTRICT

“Queer stories are told of the weather in this century–old hamlet. Some three years ago an old-time prospector, named Bill Johnson, was acting as cook at the Hudson’s Bay Company’s. Th e weather was so cold for a time that Bill wore woollen mitts when frying bacon and had to skate when moving in the kitchen. Th e writer of this paragraph (editor John Houston), one night last week, when setting type at an improvised stand, with a red-hot stove within two feet of his legs had his German socks freeze solid to the soles of his arctic shoes.”

Fort George Tribune, December 18, 1909Under the heading: Don’t Ask for Too Much (Editor John Houston was twice elected as a B.C.

MLA and understood the province’s politics).“A meeting of the Fort George Conservative As-

sociation is to be held on Sunday, January 2nd, at 2 o’clock, in the Hudson’s Bay Company’s dining-room. At this meeting the requirements of the district are to be considered, and for that reason every member of the association should try and be present. Th e fault found with the action of such meetings is that too much is asked for which gives the Government a fair excuse to say the people making the demands are unreasonable. Ask for the main requirements of the District; the minor requirements will come without asking. Above everything else show that you are not all looking for jobs, as reward for party service.”

And on the same page Houston provides a per-sonal observation:

“In three months and nine days, the writer has seen but two hen’s eggs and tasted none. Th e two will be tasted on Sunday. Th ey came from Wil-liam Kennedy’s henhouse, the only one within a hundred miles of Fort George.”

Fort George Herald, August 20, 1910“Th e fi rst piano to arrive in South Fort George

reached here Monday last. It is the property of Mrs. R.M. Burns and is now installed in the Burn’s residence on Fourth Street.”

Fort George Herald, Sept. 10, 1910In this article the editor laments the shortage of

gasoline:“A gasoline famine is rampant here. Th e “Traf-

fi c Regulation Act” will not permit steamboats to carry this very necessary commodity, and owing to the fact that there is no other mode of freight transport to this point the people of South Fort George who wish to use gasoline for both light and power purposes are suff ering in consequence.

We would point out to the navigation companies that it would be a simple matter for them to equip their boats with magazine compartments in which gasoline or powder could be carried without violat-ing the act, or by refusing to accept passengers for one trip one of the smaller boats could bring up a large consignment from Soda Creek….”

In the following week’s Herald we see why the editor was concerned about fuel shortages:

“Our gasoline engine arrived this week and is now installed in the new Herald building on Fourth Street.”

Th e Fort George Herald, of June 20, 1914 described an appointment to an unusual job, by someone who had “considerable experience in

Looking back at old papersJeff ElderPrince George Heritage Commission

this line”.

CITY SCAVENGER APPOINTED

“Mr. Eugene Cashman of Prince George has been ap-pointed City Scavenger and will enter upon his new duties at once. Mr. Cashman will have complete charge of the removal of all gar-bage, refuse, stable manure, and night soil from Prince George and Fort George to the Govern-ment Dumping Ground.

….the City Scavenger will col-lect fees for the Scavenger work from the owners of same…”

Th e Fort George Weekly Tribune of June 27, 1914 carried this item from Edmonton:

CONAN DOYLE IN WEST

Creator of Sherlock Holmes Stories Now in National Park

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, creator of the “Sherlock Holmes” adventures, who, accompanied by Lady Doyle, is camping in the Yellowhead Pass of the Canadian Rockies, the guest of Colonel S. Maynard Rogers, superintendent of the new national park, will attempt to scale Mt. Robson, before returning to England, early in July. He will also join Colonel Rogers and party on a big game expedition outside the reserve, making part of the trip in a canoe. “

It is unlikely Conan Doyle scaled Mount Rob-son, which at 3,954 metres is the highest peak in the Canadian Rockies. Th e fi rst ascent was in 1913 by Conrad Kain, an experienced Austrian climber who said it was one of the most dangerous expedi-tions he had made.

Fort George Herald, Aug. 29, 1914

STANDARD TIME FOR CITY“Th e Herald has secured the consent of the

Brown Bros, of the Electric Light and Power Plant, to blow their whistle every night at eight o’clock, for the benefi t of the public. Th ere are so many dif-ferent times being kept about town that we thought it would be advantageous for those making and keeping appointments if a common time could be maintained by all. Th e Standard Grand Trunk Pa-cifi c Time will be secured daily and the whistle will blow sharp at 8 p.m. to the second. Th is will enable our people going by the outgoing trains to make proper connections. Announcement is here given so that there will be no misunderstanding and our readers start looking for a fi re.”

Courtesy The Exploration PlaceA BX Sternwheeler makes its way along the Nechako River in a photo from about 1910.


newsnewsautoauto 2013Jeep is sure growing fast!

Let’s take a good look at Jeep. This Chrysler-owned brand is growing in leaps and bounds. While it has long enjoyed popularity in North America, its reputation is now spreading around the world. Indeed, Jeep’s are more internationally-targeted than ever.

Jeep’s most legendary product is still the incredible Wrangler, the successor of the rst Jeep ever, the World War Two workhorse that we all recognize from movies and TV. The modern version is sold as a two-door or four-door SUV with a very robust look. Though it uses the most modern V6 Pentastar engine, the Jeep four-by-four still requires the driver to manually pull a lever to engage the four-wheel drive.

Jeep’s most recent model is the slick loo king Cherokee, which was designed with the help of Chrysler’s new owner, Fiat. Riding on the manufacturer’s latest modi ed platform, this mid-sized SUV can be ordered with the 2.4-litre Tiger Shark four-cylinder en gine or a new 3.2-litre Pentastar V6. It can be front-wheel or all-wheel drive, although the TrailHawk version is a full on off-roader that is truly faithful to the Jeep brand.

Jeep’s real success is the almighty Grand Che rokee, a full-sized all-wheel-drive SUV, powe red by a 3.6-litre Pentastar V6, a mighty HEMI V8, or an incredible 3.0-litre turbo diesel V6. All are offered with the new eight-speed automatic transmission and all-wheel drive. There is even a high performance version of this SUV, the SRT, which is powered by a 470-horsepower V8.

By the way, Jeep still has the compact Com pass and Patriot SUVs in its collection, both available with front- or all-wheel drive and powered by a four-cylinder engine coupled with a manual transmission, a CVT, or a new six-speed automatic transmission.

Jeep’s great looking Cherokee..

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ACROSS1. Sailor’s mop5. Elegant9. Bill settler14. Shred15. Negatively charged atom17. Mistakes18. “I’ve ____ This Way Before”19. Calcutta coin20. Yangtze craft21. Grate23. Curious25. Population count28. Warning30. Kind of macaroni35. Monkey’s cousin36. Dreamy38. Done with40. Cut

41. “This Old House” add-on42. Biblical pronoun44. Water jug45. Aromatic compound47. Mountain feedback49. Rubber ring51. Musical toy53. Cordwood measure55. Luxurious flooring58. Finished60. Elf64. Cosmetic ingredient65. Opposer67. Trailing plant69. Ribbed fabric70. Surprise72. Reef74. Bee’s follower75. Canning tool76. On “The Minnow”78. Tell

80. Make a living82. Elevate84. Fourscore88. Of a leaf shape90. One billion years94. Lubricant95. Stupefy96. Ocean bird97. Barnyard fowl98. Catch sight of99. Gull’s cousin

DOWN1. Bro or sis2. Sorrow3. Had a steak4. Forehead coverings5. Umbrella6. Blame7. Convey (off)8. Tough row to ____9. Devout petition10. Appendage

11. Bark shrilly12. Greek vowel13. Tried for office16. Hawaiian goose17. Shapely curve22. 5 or 6, e.g.24. Aboard25. Arrived26. Long heroic poem27. Eft29. Fable31. Slacken32. Mass33. Leer at34. Huh?37. Roll topping39. Colossal43. Firefighter’s need46. Actress Anita ____48. Water bird50. Sporty socks52. Passion54. Larry, Curly, and Moe55. Sloop feature56. Voice range57. Speckled horse59. Clamping tool61. Killer whale62. Competition63. Dirk’s kin66. Not far68. Assortment71. Certain fly73. Beleaguer77. Arrogant one79. Minimum amount81. Popeye’s OK83. On84. Easter basket item85. Great anger86. Golly’s partner87. Contains89. Neckline style91. Add to92. “____ House”93. Indian flat bread

PUZZLE NO. 512

X CROSSWORD

11

As life changes, so does Gerry Dee’s comedy routine.

“When I started doing stand-up,” Dee says over the phone from Ontario, “teaching took front and centre. Now, there’s a lot about parenting.”

Dee will be at Vanier Hall on Jan. 30, bringing his act to Prince George for the fi rst time.

“It’s always fun going to a place for the fi rst time,” says Dee, whose CBC show, Mr. D, starts its fourth season on Jan. 20. “Th is show might be more of an introduction to Gerry Dee, whereas if I’m playing a city I’ve played before, I might change things up a bit.”

Dee says he had always been an entertainer and a story-teller growing up, but his fi rst career was as a teacher.

“I was teaching for about fi ve years before I did my fi rst stand-up routine. It was something I wanted to try, and this was just the next step from what I had been doing for years.”

For those early routines, he stuck to what he knew best.

“Teaching was an easy source of stories. Th ere might be something that had happened the day before in class that I could make a story out of.”

He started to attract notice across Canada for his comedy, and aft er another fi ve years, he gave up teaching and turned to comedy full-time.

He took part in a season of Last Comic Standing on NBC, where he fi nished the third, the highest fi nish ever by a Canadian. Th at was when Cana-dian TV came calling.

“A guy at Th e Score knew my sports background, so he asked if I’d be interested in doing a segment. Th at lasted about six or seven years.”

Th e segments featured Dee interviewing sports personalities, and he really enjoyed it.

“I was getting the chance to meet some of my sports heroes. I still look at them as heroes.”

When he got the chance to do Mr. D, a series about a high-school teacher who tries to stay one step ahead of his students, the sports angle ended up tagging along.

“We’ve had some sports people guest star on the show, like Nathan McKinnon, Daniel Negreanu and Roberto Alo-mar. It’s always a lot of fun.”

And he says, even though he’s been out of teaching for a while, there is no shortage of story lines.

Th e tour he’s on now started with a few dates in December,

than has a few in B.C., then picks up again about a month later.

“It’s nice to be at the point now in my career where I can dictate what events I go to. I get the chance to get back to Toronto and have some time with my family, then go out on the road again.”

Tickets for the Gerry Dee show on Jan. 30 at Vanier Hall are available at all Ticketmaster loca-tions.

Allan [email protected]

Comedy tourGerry Dee coming to Prince

Photo contributedDrag queen personality Foxy De-Rossi is making 2015 the final year for public appearances with farewell shows at the Canada Winter Games and PRIDE parade. De-Rossi (Travis Shaw), says he’s stepping down from the stage for health reasons.

Final Farewell


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Kids with real personality

According to the Chinese Zodiac calendar, 2015 is the Year of the Goat.

Trisha Gustafson and her hus-band, Brad, will have no trouble celebrating. Th e couple raises Chi-lako Nubian goats on their 160 acre “hobby farm” in the Mud River area – and there’s always plenty of live action going on.

“Right now we have 22 Nubians on our farm. Th ey’re like the ‘Jersey’ of the goat world and we just love their antics,” said Gustafson, who oft en photographs them.

“Th ey’re really fun to be around because they do the most entertain-ing things. Each one has its own per-sonality so they are more like dogs that way. Th ey love attention and have a pecking order in the herd.”

Th ey all have names to suit their personality.

“All our goats are registered with formal names but I’m surprised they don’t have an identify crisis with all the nicknames we give them – based on their distinctive behaviours.”

Th e Gustafsons have two livestock guardian dogs who stay with the goats and protect them from harm.

“We have a lot of coyotes where we live, and they are really sneaky, I fi nd. Th ey seem to always have a plan, they try to lure one dog away so they can get closer to the goats. We’ve seen cougars and bears and there’s been lynx tracks although lynx don’t usually go aft er goats.”

Nubian goats are cute but they

also are valued for their milk. And Gustafson soon learned how to make artisan soap which she sells in local stores and markets.

“Brad milks the goats and I make the soap,” says Gustafson.

“Th eir milk is not super in volume but it is very creamy. Nubians have the highest butter fat content so it really does make beautiful soaps. It’s labour intensive we use high quality essential oils, so it’s not cheap to produce but it’s very luxurious.”

Th e couple’s love of Nubian goats began with a herd of horses.

“Originally, when we bought the farm fi ve years ago, we planned to have a small hobby farm which would help us to be as self-suffi cient as possible. We had a friend who needed a temporary place to keep horses – we ended up looking aft er 17 horses for about six months. As a thank-you present, we got a small herd of Nubian goats.”

Calling it the “best present ever,” that’s how their adven-ture with goats started, she said.

Anyone wanting to raise Nubians is advised to ask lots of questions and buy from a repu-table breeder/owner, says Gustafson. She likes to share information on the care and feeding of Nubians with her social media friends.

“Goats love alfalfa, they are brows-

keep local couple busy on their goat farm

Photo contributedTrisha Gustafson gets a kiss from “Skye.”

Photo contributedTrisha and Brad Gustafson with four legged friend “Player.”

ers like deer. Sheep and cattle are grazers and they will eat down a pasture but goats like to nibble the tops off everything instead.”

Page wire fencing keeps the goats in a large but contained area – but they love to play and socialize outside, says Gustafson. Like many northerners, though, they like to stay inside during the winter.

“We make them go out, otherwise they’d stay in this time of year. We put their water a couple of hundred yards away so they get fresh air and exercise. Th ey do get a winter coat which comes out in the spring.”

Th e Gustafsons regularly post photos and stories about their goats’ latest antics and adventures. Trisha Gustafson came in fourth last month in an international online photo contest which featured a photo of their goat friends.

For more information about the Gustafsons and their goats, go to their website at www.chilakonubians.com.

Th e “celebrity” goats even have their own facebook page at www.facebook.com/Chila-koNubians.

Teresa [email protected]


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Prince George Free Press, January 23, 2015