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Q1.

The NetherlandsWords that are in bold print are explained in the glossary.

Introduction

The Netherlands is a country not too far from England. Sometimes people call it Holland, but the Netherlands is the proper name for the whole country.

Water everywhere!

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Water has always been an important part of people’s lives in the Netherlands, because there is so much of it. There are many rivers and lakes, and a lot of the land is next to the sea.

Having water all around can cause problems. In the past, there were often floods, when water from rivers or the sea rushed onto the land and into streets and houses. People living in the Netherlands also had problems building on some of the land, because the land is very wet.

The Dutch people had to find ways of protecting themselves and their homes from all the water.

Dikes

One way the Dutch people protected themselves from the water was by building dikes. Dikes are like walls that keep water away from land so the land does not flood.

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Over the years, many dikes have been built in the Netherlands. Sometimes they were not strong enough to hold back the water, and heavy storms caused dikes to break.

Now, people have found ways of building stronger dikes. People living in the Netherlands don’t have to worry so much about being flooded.

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Wind power

The power of the wind can be used in different ways to help people.

A windmill needs the wind to make it work properly. When the wind blows, the sails of the windmill start to turn. This makes the machinery inside the windmill work. People in the Netherlands have had windmills for many years.

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Different kinds of machinery are used inside windmills. This means that windmills can be used to do different jobs.

Wind power can be used to grind grain and to make electricity.

Windmills to grind grain

In the past, windmills were often used to grind grain to make flour. Grain from wheat was placed between huge round pieces of stone called millstones, which are inside the windmill.

When the wind blew and turned the sails, the millstones turned and crushed the grain into flour, which is white and powdery. Then the flour was used for making bread. Even today, windmills are used in this way in some Dutch villages.

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Many old windmills are still standing in the Netherlands, and people can visit them to find out what they are like inside and how they work. On Windmill Day, you can visit any windmill that is flying the Dutch flag.

Windmills to make electricity

Now, modern windmills called wind turbines use the wind to make electricity. When these turbines are grouped together they are called wind farms.

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Glossary

dikebuilt to stop water going onto land

floodwhen land is covered with water

floura powder made from grain that is used to make bread, cakes andother foods

grindto crush something until it becomes a powder

millstonea large, round, flat stone used to crush grain

sailpart of a windmill that turns when the wind blows

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windmilla building that uses the wind to power the machinery inside it

Q2.Why is it helpful to have a map on page 1?

Tick one.

to show you what the Dutch people are like to tell you about the weather

to tell you what language people speak

to show you where the Netherlands is

Q3.Why don’t people in the Netherlands have to worry so much about being flooded now? (page 3)

______________________________________________________________

Q4.On page 2 it says, ...when water from rivers or the sea rushedonto the land and into streets and houses.

What does the word rushed mean?

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Q5.What can cause dikes to break? (pages 3 and 4)

______________________________________________________________

Q6.This question is about the whole story.

Think about the Netherlands in the past.

Put ticks in the table to show which sentences are true and which are false.

One has been done for you.

In the past True False

Windmills only made electricity.

Dikes never broke.

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There were thousands of windmills.

People didn’t worry about flooding. ✔

The land often flooded.

Q7.Use the glossary. (page 8)

Match each word to the explanation.

One has been done for you.

Q8.Which windmills can you visit on Windmill Day? (page 6)

______________________________________________________________

Q9.The sentences below tell you how windmills are used to grind grain. (page 6)

One sentence is missing.

Fill in the missing sentence.

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Q10.How can the power of the wind be useful? (page 5)

Tick two.

for building dikes

for making electricity

for growing wheat

for protecting land

for grinding grain

Q11.Why are dikes built? (pages 3 and 4)

______________________________________________________________

Q12.What is the weather like in the Netherlands? (page 1)

Tick two.

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dry

cold

hot

wet

windy

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Mark schemes

Q2.Content domain: 1d – Make inferences from the text.

to show you what the Dutch people are like

to tell you about the weather

to tell you what language people speak

to show you where the Netherlands is

1 mark

Q3.Content domain: 1b – Identify / explain key aspects of fiction and non-fiction texts, such as characters, events, titles and information.

Award 1 mark for references to improved dikes:They have stronger/bigger/better dikes (now).Building stronger dikes.Dikes don’t break now.Also accept references to the dikes being made of stone:(Now) the dikes are built out of stone/rock.

Do not accept: Answers which refer to the presence of dikes,but not to the fact they are better/stronger,or answers which do not refer explicitly to dikes:They have dikes (to protect them).Because of dikes/people have built dikes.They have stronger ones.They made them from stone.

1 mark

Q4.Content domain: 1a – Draw on knowledge of vocabulary to understand texts.

Award 1 mark for references to speed:It moves quickly/the water came quickly.To show how quickly it was moving.It’s going really fast/it was fast.Because the water hurried into the houses.

Do not accept: Answers which do not refer to the speed suggestedby the word ‘rushed’:Because water can rush. (repetition of question)Because the water would not stop.It makes lots of waves come.Because the water has gone into the houses.To show (how) it’s moving. (with no ref to speed)To make it interesting for the reader.

1 mark

Q5.

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Content domain: 1b – Identify / explain key aspects of fiction and non-fiction texts, such as characters, events, titles and information.

Award 1 mark for reference to storms/bad weather:Storms.Heavy/big/bad/horrid storms.Bad weather.Wind and rain.Also award 1 mark for answers which refer to or imply theforce of the water/sea rushing in:Strong water/heavy water/rough seas.If they’re not strong enough to hold back the water.

Do not accept Minimal references to weather or water:Weather.Wind.Rain.Water/The sea.Flood(s).

Circular references to the dikes not being strong enough:If they’re not strong enough.

1 mark


Award 1 mark for 2 or 3 boxes correctly ticked and award 2 marks for all 4 boxes correctly ticked.

In the past True False

Windmills only made electricity. ✔

Dikes never broke. ✔

There were thousands of windmills. ✔

People didn’t worry about flooding. ✔

The land often flooded. ✔

Up to 2 marks

Q7.Content domain: 1a – Draw on knowledge of vocabulary to understand texts.

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1 mark for all 3 correctly matched1 mark


Award 1 mark:Windmills that are flying/have the (Dutch) flag.Ones with the (Dutch) flag up/The ones with a flag.Also accept references to old/non-working windmills:Old windmills/old ones.Non-working ones.

Do not accept: You can visit the windmills in the Netherlands.You can visit any.Not very many of them.When they’re flying.Dutch flag.The ones on the Dutch flag.Many windmills still stand and people can see them.

1 mark


Award 1 mark for reference to either the grain/wheatbeing crushed or the grain/wheat turning into flour:It crushes the grain into flour/powder.The millstones grind/crush the grain.The grain is crushed.The grain turns/goes into flour.The millstones make flour.It turns to flour.

Do not accept: The windmill turns the grain to bread.The millstones turned into flour.The sails make the windmill work.That makes the machinery work inside.

1 mark

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Award 1 mark for:

for building dikes

for making electricity

for growing wheat

for protecting land

for grinding grain

1 mark for both words ticked correctly1 mark


Award 1 mark for answers that refer to keeping out/stopping the water or to the danger of the water:To keep water away.To stop water going on the land/houses/town.To stop floods/so there is not a flood.To protect the town/people from the water/sea.So when the water comes they will be safe.So the land is not under water.Also accept:Without (protection from) dikes more than half theNetherlands would be under water.

Do not accept: To protect the houses from the weather.To protect people. (no ref to water)Because there is water. (too vague)Because of the floods.

1 mark


dry

cold

hot

wet

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windy

1 mark for both words ticked correctly1 mark

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primarysite-prod-sorted.s3.amazonaws.com … · Web viewWater has always been an important part of people’s lives in the Netherlands, because there is so much of it. There are