Composition nature

Method Target Composition-component class

Biological

Accelerating

Melanogenesis Growth factor

BH3-only protein Peptide

Tyrosinase Peptide

Melanocyte Peptide, antibody

Melanogenesis Vitamin

Activating

Mitochondrial action Enzyme

MelanocyteExtracts

Hormone

Protectin Peptide

Inhibiting

Free radicles Enzyme

TRP-1, a-MSH, ACTH Nucleotide

Tyrosinase Nucleotide

MAPK Peptide

Modulating

CD74 gene or RPS14 gene Antibody, Peptide, Nucleotide

Gene targeting Nucleotide

SNP markers rs306534 and rs365297 Nucleotide

TRP-1 Nucleotide

Melanocortin Others

LYST:LYSTIP Protein complex Peptide

Melanocyte Peptide

Switching Eumelanin to pheomelanin Peptide

Prevention by composition and treatment mechanism

Composition nature

Method TargetComposition-component class

Chemical

Accelerating

Melanogenesis

Fatty acids

Vitamin

Cyclohexenes

NCE (2)

NO-synthase Drug

Peripheral blood styleDrug

Fatty acids

Tyrosinase

Xanthins

Drug (3)

Others

Activating

IFN-gamma Drug

Melanocyte

Polysaccharide

Fatty acids

Flavonoids

Hair follicles Organic acids

Melanogenesis Fatty acids

TyrosinaseDrug

NCE

Inhibiting

15-PGDH NCE

PDGF NCE

Phosphodiesterase Drug

Modulating

Melanocyte Terpenes

NO/cGMP/PKG NCE

PKC Others

Proteins Melanin

Repairing Signaling pathway Alcohol

The number denoted in (?) showing no. of records

Prevention by composition and treatment mechanism

Composition nature

Method TargetComposition-component class

Herbal

Accelerating

Melanogenesis Extracts (7)

TyrosinaseExtracts (18)

Lignans

Melanogenesis Polysaccharide

Gene product Steroid

Melanogenesis Terpenes

Activating

cyclic AMP Extracts

Melanocyte Extracts (5)

Melanogenesis Extracts

Tyrosinase Extracts (3)

Cell differentiation Steroid

Melanocyte Terpenes

Inhibiting

Esterase Extracts

NO-synthase Extracts

Tyrosinase Extracts

ModulatingGlucocorticoid receptor Extracts

Melanogenesis Extracts

The number denoted in (?) showing no. of records

Prevention by composition and treatment mechanism