CPR/First AIDPreventing Injuries

Unintentional InjuriesA fatal home injury happens every 18 minutes

in the U.S., and an injury happens every 4 seconds.

Preventing an injury resulting from an unexpected event is easy to doPrevent Fires:

Never leave candle burning unattended Store matches/lighters out of reach of children Keep stoves/ovens clean Replace frayed electrical cords Check smoke alarms when we change time Have a fire extinguisher

Unintentional InjuriesPrevent Falls

Keep stairways lit, and free of clutterKeep floors cleanSafety rails, grips in bathroomsDon’t run cords across walkways

Prevent Electrical ShockUnplug devices not in useCheck cords for signs of wearDon’t use around water

Unintentional InjuriesPrevent Poisoning

Keep mediations in childproof containersStore chemicals in locked cabinetsUse products in well-ventilated areas

First AidCheck, Call, Care

When you approach an emergency situation remember “check, call, care” Check the scene and the victim

Make sure scene is safe (not in traffic flow) Only move victim if life is threatened by scene

Call for help Call “911” or assign someone to call “911” If you are the only one there, you may have to leave

the victim to get help, return as quickly as possible Care for the victim

Get permission to treat if possible

Common InjuriesOpen Wounds

Abrasion – scrapes, clean out woundLaceration – cut, clean out and bandage

If deep, may need medical attentionPuncture – small but deep hole (nail)

Carry very high risk of infection Clean wound, seek out medical attention

Avulsion- tissue is partially or completely separated from body (finger severed) Pace part in ice seek immediate medical attention

First Aid for BleedingCover wound with gauze, or clean cloth

If gauze/cloth fills with blood DO NOT REMIVE!

Just add more gauze/cloth to the outsideElevate wound above heart if possibleIf wound is gushing blood, you nay need to

apply pressure to wound, or above wound, to slow blood flow

First Aid for BurnsMinor Burn (First Degree) – cool the burn with

cold running water, or immerse in cold water for 10 minutes. A clean, cold, wet towel will help relieve pain.Pat dry and cover with sterile bandage

More severe (Second Degree) cool burn with cool water, elevate burn area. Wrap loosely with sterile dry dressing.

Severe Burns (Third Degree) – cool burn with large amounts of cold water, cover area with dry sterile dressing, seek immediate medical attention.

CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)Use of rescue breaths and chest compressions on

a someone who is not breathing and has not heartbeat

ABCs of CPRAirway – look in victim’s mouth, remove anything

blocking airway If no neck injury is evident, lay person flat on back and

tip head back to open airwayBreathing – look listen, and feel for breathing

If not breathing normally, begin rescue breathing Pinch nostrils shut, place mouth over mouth and give 2

slow breathes of about 2 seconds in length each

CPRCirculation – check for signs of circulation

(breathing, coughing, movement)If there are no signs of circulation, then trained

person should begin with chest compressionsIf victim responds, stop compressions and

monitor breathing, giving breathes as necessary

I am Trained in CPR, but I am not a certified trainer

I would highly suggest you take a CPR course and receive proper training!

AEDAutomated External Defibrillator

A device that delivers and electronic shock to the heart to restore normal rhythm

Whenever present, should be used in place of CPR

First Aid for ShockShock- Failure of system to properly circulate

bloodPale appearanceRapid breathing, pulseNauseaRestlessness

Call 911Control any bleedingElevate legs, unless injury preventsDo not give victim food/water!

First Aid for ChokingAsk person if they can speak?

If they cannot respond, the airway is completely blocked

If victim is an adult, use abdominal thrustsPlace you leg between the legs of the victimWrap your arms around victims waist, making

a fist with one handPull inward and upward just under the rib cage

If you are choking and alone, do same thing with you own arm, may also use back of chair

If victim is younger may use black bows

Other Common InjuriesMuscle Cramps – painful, sudden tightening

of muscleStretch areaMassage areaApply moist heat to area

Strains/SprainsRICE

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

Fracture/DislocationImmobilize area, and seek medical attention

Other Common InjuriesConcussion – blow to head that affect brain

functionHave victim lie downUse first aid for any bleedingSeek professional help

Nose BleedsBreathe through mouthSit down, lean forwardMay apply pressure to bleeding nostril to

stop/slow bleeding

Other Common InjuriesObject in Eye

Do not rub eyeTry blinkingWash hands, pull lower eyelid down and have

person look upRepeat with upper lid and look downFlush eye with sterile water or tap water